Journal of Veterinary Cardiology最新文献_第3页

Longitudinal profile of N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide in dogs undergoing mitral valve repair 二尖瓣修复犬n端前房利钠肽和n端前b型房利钠肽纵剖面

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.10.003

S. Furusato , H. Arai , S. Shinoda , K. Harada , M. Mizuno , M. Uechi

Introduction/Objectives

N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are established biomarkers in veterinary cardiology, but their postoperative dynamics in dogs remain unclear. The aims of this study were to describe longitudinal profiles of these biomarkers and to explore associated factors in dogs undergoing mitral valve repair (MVR).

Animals, Materials, and Methods

This single-center, prospective observational cohort study enrolled 109 dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease that underwent MVR. N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, NT-proBNP, renal parameters, echocardiography, and radiography were assessed repeatedly up to six months postoperatively. Serial data were analyzed using multivariable linear mixed-effects regression.

Results

Cardiac reverse-remodeling occurred shortly after MVR, whereas the natriuretic peptides (NPs) declined gradually with high variability. In multivariable analysis, log₂-NT-proANP was associated with older age (0.12 [95% confidence interval, 0.05 to 0.20] standard deviation [SD]), lower body weight (−0.11 [−0.18 to −0.03] SD), and higher serum creatinine (0.18 [0.12 to 0.23] SD). Log₂-N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide was associated with older age (0.11 [0.03 to 0.20] SD), lower body weight (−0.09 [−0.18 to −0.00] SD), higher serum creatinine (0.07 [0.01 to 0.14] SD), and right ventricular pressure overload (0.35 [0.12 to 0.57] SD). While single-point NP measurements did not reflect postoperative cardiac size, relative NT-proBNP changes were associated with subsequent cardiac size alterations.

Study Limitations

Single-center design limits generalizability. Interobserver variability in imaging could introduce measurement error.

Conclusions

Natriuretic peptide reductions following MVR were gradual and variable. Age, body weight, renal function, and right ventricular pressure overload may influence NP concentrations. Interpreting single postoperative NP measurements may be challenging.

n端前心房钠肽（NT-proANP）和n端前b型钠肽（NT-proBNP）是兽医心脏病学中公认的生物标志物，但其在犬术后的动态尚不清楚。本研究的目的是描述这些生物标志物的纵向分布，并探索二尖瓣修复（MVR）犬的相关因素。动物、材料和方法这项单中心、前瞻性观察队列研究招募了109只患有二尖瓣黏液瘤病的狗，并接受了MVR。术后6个月反复评估n端前房利钠肽、NT-proBNP、肾脏参数、超声心动图和x线摄影。采用多变量线性混合效应回归分析序列数据。结果MVR后心肌发生逆向重构，而利钠肽（NPs）呈高变异性逐渐下降。在多变量分析中，log2-NT-proANP与年龄较大（0.12[95%可信区间，0.05 ~ 0.20]标准差[SD]）、体重较低（- 0.11 [- 0.18 ~ - 0.03]SD）和血清肌酐较高（0.18 [0.12 ~ 0.23]SD）相关。log2 - n末端前b型利钠肽与年龄较大（0.11 [0.03 ~ 0.20]SD）、体重较低（- 0.09 [- 0.18 ~ - 0.00]SD）、血清肌酐升高（0.07 [0.01 ~ 0.14]SD）和右心室压力过载（0.35 [0.12 ~ 0.57]SD）相关。虽然单点NP测量不能反映术后心脏大小，但NT-proBNP的相对变化与随后的心脏大小改变有关。研究局限性单中心设计限制了通用性。成像中观察者之间的差异可能会导致测量误差。结论MVR术后尿钠肽的减少是渐进的、可变的。年龄、体重、肾功能和右心室压力过载可能影响NP浓度。解释单个术后NP测量值可能具有挑战性。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of excipients on the oral absorption of pimobendan in healthy dogs 赋形剂对健康犬口服哌摩苯丹吸收的影响。

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.10.004

I. Zahn , A.E. Coleman , D.L. Elder , C. Zhang , R.D. Arnold , M.G. Papich

Introduction/Objectives

Compounded pimobendan is prescribed without knowledge of the effect of excipients. The objective of this study was to test the effect of certain excipients on oral absorption in dogs by describing the single-dose pharmacokinetics of pimobendan and its active metabolite (o-desmethyl-pimobendan) following oral administration of two experimental pimobendan formulations and to compare these pharmacokinetic estimates to those of a Food and Drug Administration–approved product (Vetmedin®).

Animals, Materials and Methods

Seven healthy, adult, sexually intact, female, purpose-bred beagle dogs were included in the present study. Dogs were administered 2.5 mg of pimobendan as a single oral dose of Vetmedin® or of an experimental capsule with or without citrate as an excipient, in a randomized, prospective crossover study with a two-week washout period between treatments. Blood samples were obtained at predetermined time points before and for 24 h after a dose for quantification of pimobendan and o-desmethyl-pimobendan using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Compartmental analysis was used to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters. Data are presented as geometric mean (coefficient of variation).

Results

Peak plasma pimobendan concentrations were 8.82 ng/mL (53%), 5.85 ng/mL (76%), and 8.11 ng/mL (70%), and areas under the concentration-time curve (AUCs) were 19.0 h∗ng/mL (55%), 13.6 h∗ng/mL (68%), and 19.7 h∗ng/mL (40%) for Vetmedin®, citrate-containing capsules, and citrate-free capsules, respectively. Experimental formulations showed high relative absorption (AUC_{(test drug)}/AUC_(Vetmedin_®₎, 72% [61%] and 103% [71%] for citrate-containing and citrate-free capsules, respectively). There was moderate-to-high interindividual pharmacokinetic variability for all formulations. No differences in peak plasma pimobendan concentration or AUC were found among treatments.

Study Limitations

Small sample size.

Conclusions

This study did not identify differences in relative bioavailability among the tested formulations; however, bioequivalence should not be assumed. Substantial interindividual pharmacokinetic variability was noted.

简介/目的：复方匹莫苯丹在不了解辅料作用的情况下开处方。本研究的目的是通过描述口服两种实验性匹莫苯丹制剂后匹莫苯丹及其活性代谢物（o-去甲基-匹莫苯丹）的单剂量药代动力学来测试某些辅料对狗口服吸收的影响，并将这些药代动力学估计与美国食品和药物管理局批准的产品（Vetmedin®）的药代动力学估计进行比较。动物、材料和方法：本研究选用7只健康、成年、性器官完整的雌性专用比格犬。在一项随机、前瞻性交叉研究中，狗被给予2.5 mg匹莫苯丹作为单次口服剂量的Vetmedin®或实验胶囊（含或不含柠檬酸盐作为辅料），两次治疗之间有两周的洗脱期。在给药前和给药后24小时的预定时间点采集血液样本，使用超高效液相色谱-质谱法对匹莫苯丹和o-去甲基匹莫苯丹进行定量。采用区室分析获得药动学参数。数据以几何平均值（变异系数）表示。结果：Vetmedin®、含柠檬酸盐胶囊和无柠檬酸盐胶囊的血药浓度峰值分别为8.82 ng/mL（53%）、5.85 ng/mL（76%）和8.11 ng/mL(70%)，浓度-时间曲线下面积分别为19.0 h∗/mL（55%）、13.6 h∗/mL（68%）和19.7 h∗/mL（40%）。实验制剂具有较高的相对吸收率（AUC（受试药物）/AUC（Vetmedin®），含和不含柠檬酸盐胶囊的AUC分别为72%[61%]和103%[71%]）。所有制剂的个体间药代动力学差异均为中至高。不同治疗组的峰血浆浓度和AUC均无差异。研究局限性：样本量小。结论：本研究未发现被试制剂之间的相对生物利用度差异；然而，不应假定生物等效性。注意到大量的个体间药代动力学差异。

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引用次数: 0

Incidentally identified aortic dissection in a Great Pyrenees dog 偶然发现了一只大比利牛斯犬的主动脉夹层

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.007

H. Melhorn , M. Sha , M. Kurihara , K. Megquier , R. Aronson , V. Yang

A two-year-old female spayed Great Pyrenees dog was presented for an echocardiogram after a dilated aortic root and ascending aorta were found on a routine echocardiogram examination one year prior. A suspected aortic dissection was detected on the recheck echocardiogram, which was confirmed with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Subsequent genetic sequencing confirmed nucleotide variants of several connective tissue– associated proteins, of which three are known to be associated with connective tissue disorders in humans, including ADAMTS3, ADAMTSL2, and SMAD4. The dog was subclinical at the time of examination and has since been doing well with medical management on carvedilol and exercise restriction.

一年前，一只两岁的雌性大比利牛斯犬在常规超声心动图检查中发现主动脉根和升主动脉扩张后，进行了超声心动图检查。复查超声心动图发现疑似主动脉夹层，经心脏磁共振成像证实。随后的基因测序证实了几种结缔组织相关蛋白的核苷酸变异，其中三种已知与人类结缔组织疾病相关，包括ADAMTS3、ADAMTSL2和SMAD4。这只狗在检查时是亚临床症状，此后在卡维地洛和运动限制的医疗管理下表现良好。

引用次数: 0

Retrospective review of the use of hydrochlorothiazide in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and refractory congestive heart failure (American College of Veterinary Cardiology stage D) 氢氯噻嗪用于二尖瓣黏液瘤性疾病和难治性充血性心力衰竭犬的回顾性研究（美国兽医心脏病学会D期）。

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.005

A. Boscia , A. Galizzi , M. Caccia , V. Caroli , G. Ortiz Diez , R. Toschi Corneliani , I. Spalla

Introduction/Objectives

In dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage D, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) can be added to achieve sequential nephron blockade. Information on outcome, survival, and complications in this group of patients receiving HCTZ is limited, hence the aim of the present retrospective observational, longitudinal study.

Animals, Materials and Methods

A single-referral-center cohort study was conducted; 25 dogs diagnosed with MMVD stage D receiving HCTZ as part of multimodal treatment of refractory congestive heart failure were included in the study. Data retrieved included cardiac treatment at T0 (when HCTZ was first prescribed) and subsequent visits, available bloodwork, echocardiographic assessment, additional diagnostics, cause of death, and survival time.

Results

Mean starting dose of HCTZ was 0.8 mg/kg every 48 h, with progressive increases (latest mean recorded HCTZ dose: 1.5 mg/kg/day). Azotemia was identified in three dogs at T0 and in 11 dogs following HCTZ addition. Three dogs experienced clinically relevant side effects, resulting in discontinuation of HCTZ in one dog. Twenty dogs died, the majority due to cardiac disease (90). Median survival time of the cohort was 268 days.

Study Limitations

Limitations of this study included the retrospective nature of the study and small sample size.

Conclusions

Although associated with an increase in renal parameters, HCTZ addition at the study dosages appeared clinically tolerated in most dogs with MMVD ACVIM stage D, with a prolonged median survival time for dogs in ACVIM stage D.

简介/目的：在美国兽医内科学会（ACVIM） D期二尖瓣黏液瘤病（MMVD）犬中，可添加氢氯噻嗪（HCTZ）以实现肾素序贯阻断。关于这组接受HCTZ患者的预后、生存和并发症的信息有限，因此本研究的目的是回顾性观察性、纵向研究。动物、材料和方法：采用单转诊中心队列研究；25只被诊断为MMVD D期的狗接受HCTZ作为难治性充血性心力衰竭多模式治疗的一部分纳入研究。检索到的数据包括T0时（首次开HCTZ时）的心脏治疗和随后的就诊、可用的血液检查、超声心动图评估、其他诊断、死亡原因和生存时间。结果：HCTZ平均起始剂量为0.8 mg/kg/ h，并逐渐增加（最新记录的HCTZ平均剂量为1.5 mg/kg/d）。3只狗在T0和11只狗在添加HCTZ后发现氮血症。3只狗出现了临床相关的副作用，导致1只狗停止使用HCTZ。20只狗死亡，大多数死于心脏病（90只）。该队列的中位生存时间为268天。研究局限性：本研究的局限性包括研究的回顾性和小样本量。结论：尽管与肾脏参数增加相关，但在研究剂量下添加HCTZ在大多数患有MMVD ACVIM D期的狗中表现出临床耐受性，并且ACVIM D期狗的中位生存时间延长。

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引用次数: 0

Application of an interactive, stereoscopic three-dimensional viewer to evaluate atrial septal defects in five dogs 应用交互式立体三维观测器评价5只犬房间隔缺损

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.006

C.H. Stoner , S. Wesselowski , S.G. Gordon , A.B. Saunders

Definitive closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) has been reported in dogs utilizing a variety of methods, including device occlusion. We report five dogs with ASD in which multidimensional imaging with computed tomography angiography (CTA) and three-dimensional reconstruction was utilized to assess suitability for device occlusion. Three dogs were initially evaluated for an asymptomatic murmur noted during routine preventative care visits, and two had presenting complaints of mild exercise intolerance. Concurrent congenital heart disease was diagnosed in four of the dogs including pulmonary valve stenosis (n = 2), mitral and tricuspid valve dysplasia (n = 2), and restrictive perimembranous ventricular septal defect (n = 1). Following comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography, ECG-gated CTA was acquired under conscious sedation to characterize ASD anatomy including rim tissue and surrounding structures to determine candidacy for device occlusion. A reconstructed model was viewed with three-dimensional glasses in a mixed reality environment displayed as a stereoscopic object able to be rotated in 360° on a desktop monitor. Inadequate rim tissue was demonstrated in four dogs. Device occlusion was recommended in one dog and successfully performed with a hybrid procedure. Subsequently, balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was performed. The dog was clinically doing well at 9.1 years of age. The remaining four dogs were clinically doing well (three) or had mild exercise intolerance reported (one) at 4.0–11.5 years of age. This case series demonstrates the utility of stereoscopic models and an interactive mixed reality viewer to assess procedural candidacy for device occlusion in dogs with ASD.

房间隔缺损（ASDs）的最终关闭已报道在狗使用各种方法，包括装置闭塞。我们报告了5只患有ASD的狗，利用计算机断层血管造影（CTA）和三维重建的多维成像来评估设备闭塞的适用性。三只狗最初被评估为在常规预防性护理访问中发现的无症状杂音，两只狗表现出轻度运动不耐受的抱怨。其中4只犬并发先天性心脏病，包括肺动脉瓣狭窄（n = 2）、二尖瓣和三尖瓣发育不良（n = 2）和限制性膜周室间隔缺损（n = 1）。经过全面的经胸超声心动图，在清醒镇静下获得心电图门控CTA，以表征ASD的解剖结构，包括边缘组织和周围结构，以确定设备闭塞的候选性。重建模型在混合现实环境中使用三维眼镜观看，在桌面显示器上显示为可以360°旋转的立体物体。4只狗的边缘组织不足。器械闭塞被推荐在一只狗和成功地执行混合程序。随后行球囊肺动脉瓣成形术。这只狗在9.1岁时临床表现良好。其余4只狗在4.0-11.5岁时临床表现良好（3只）或报告有轻度运动不耐受（1只）。本病例系列展示了立体模型和交互式混合现实观察器的实用性，以评估ASD犬设备闭塞的程序性候选性。

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引用次数: 0

Suspected neurogenic myocardial stunning following traumatic brain injury in a dog 犬创伤性脑损伤后疑似神经源性心肌休克

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.004

A. Machado, O. Belachsen

An eight-year-old male Chihuahua was presented for a cardiac evaluation after sustaining head trauma. New mitral regurgitation, left cardiac dilation, and systolic and diastolic dysfunction were present. Normalisation of cardiac dimensions and function was apparent within 12 days. Findings were consistent with myocardial stunning. The authors hypothesise head trauma–induced neurogenic myocardial stunning, a phenomenon observed in humans after traumatic brain injury but not previously reported in dogs.

一只八岁的雄性吉娃娃在持续头部创伤后接受心脏评估。出现新的二尖瓣返流，左心扩张，收缩和舒张功能障碍。心脏尺寸和功能在12天内明显恢复正常。结果与心肌震惊一致。作者假设是头部外伤引起的神经源性心肌休克，这是一种在人类创伤性脑损伤后观察到的现象，但以前没有在狗身上报道过。

引用次数: 0

Journal title page and editorial board 杂志标题页和编辑委员会

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/S1760-2734(25)00091-8

引用次数: 0

Epicardial pacemaker implantation in a young cat with sick sinus syndrome 心外膜起搏器植入一只患有病态窦性综合征的年轻猫。

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.003

E.J.Y. Lo, C. Sanchez Villamil, J. Hannabuss, A.G.N. Morey

A one-year-old Abyssinian cat was referred for episodes of vacancy, exaggerated blinking, and intermittent collapse episodes. A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and ECG telemetry demonstrated sinus bradycardia, sinus pauses, and sinus arrest with a junctional escape rhythm. No infectious agents were identified as a cause of the bradyarrhythmia during systemic disease screening. Findings were consistent with idiopathic sick sinus syndrome. Theophylline therapy did not improve clinical signs or ECG findings. An epicardial pacemaker was placed, which alleviated clinical signs. Pacemaker interrogation after implantation showed minimal use of the pacemaker. This case report highlights the utility of ECG telemetry in describing electrocardiographic findings of sinus arrest, a junctional escape rhythm, and sinus bradycardia in a cat with clinical signs, consistent with sick sinus syndrome which resolved following epicardial pacemaker implantation.

一只一岁的阿比西尼亚猫被认为是空虚，夸张的眨眼和间歇性崩溃的发作。12导联心电图（ECG）和心电图遥测显示窦性心动过缓，窦性暂停，窦性骤停伴交界性逸出节律。在全身性疾病筛查期间，未发现感染性病原体是导致慢性心律失常的原因。结果与特发性病窦综合征一致。茶碱治疗没有改善临床症状或心电图表现。放置心外膜起搏器，减轻了临床症状。起搏器植入后的询问显示起搏器很少使用。本病例报告强调了心电图遥测在描述有临床症状的猫的窦性停搏、交界性逸出节律和窦性心动过缓的心电图表现方面的应用，这些症状与病态窦性综合征一致，在心外膜起搏器植入后消失。

引用次数: 0

Transient dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype and positive Bartonella serology in a cat 猫一过性扩张型心肌病表型和巴尔通体血清学阳性。

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.002

B. Ditzler , B. Lozano , C. Jones , M. Henderson , A.B. Saunders

A one-and-a-half-year-old spayed female domestic shorthaired cat, originally obtained as a stray, presented with a two-day history of lethargy, anorexia, and progressive dyspnea. Point-of-care ultrasound showed marked bilateral pleural effusion and a small volume of ascites. Thoracocentesis resulted in the removal of 220 mL of protein poor transudate. Subsequently, a gallop was auscultated and an echocardiogram was performed. Significant findings on echocardiography were a dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype characterized by biventricular eccentric hypertrophy with normal left ventricular diastolic wall thickness and reduced biventricular systolic function with biatrial enlargement. The cat was fed a standard diet and had adequate plasma and whole blood taurine concentration. Infectious disease testing detected Bartonella spp. immunoglobulin G antibodies (1:512) including Bartonella vinsonii of which the cat is not a natural reservoir host. The cat was treated for dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure with pimobendan, furosemide, and clopidogrel as well as with pradofloxacin and doxycycline for suspected bartonellosis. At 2.5-, 5-, and 9-month rechecks, echocardiogram findings were markedly improved with a reduction in atrial and ventricular chamber enlargement to normal and normal ventricular systolic function and without any further evidence of congestive heart failure. Repeat Bartonella spp. titers were unchanged at 2.5 months. This case describes reverse remodeling of a dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype and resolution of congestive heart failure with discontinuation of cardiac medications in a young cat with suspected Bartonella myocarditis.

一只一岁半的雌性家养短毛猫，最初是作为流浪猫获得的，出现了两天的嗜睡，厌食和进行性呼吸困难的历史。即时超声显示双侧明显胸腔积液和少量腹水。经胸穿刺术取出220毫升蛋白质漏出物。随后，听诊疾驰并进行超声心动图检查。超声心动图的重要发现是扩张型心肌病，其特征是双室偏心肥厚，左室舒张壁厚度正常，双室收缩功能减弱，双房扩大。猫被喂食标准饮食，血浆和全血牛磺酸浓度充足。传染病检测检测到巴尔通体免疫球蛋白G抗体（1:12 12），包括猫不是其天然宿主的文氏巴尔通体。这只猫因扩张性心肌病和充血性心力衰竭接受了匹莫苯丹、呋塞米和氯吡格雷的治疗，并因疑似巴尔通体病接受了普拉多沙星和多西环素的治疗。在2.5个月、5个月和9个月复查时，超声心动图结果明显改善，心房和心室增大至正常和心室收缩功能正常，无进一步充血性心力衰竭的证据。重复巴尔通体滴度在2.5个月时保持不变。本病例描述了扩张型心肌病表型的反向重塑和充血性心力衰竭的解决与停止心脏药物在一个年轻的猫怀疑巴尔通体心肌炎。

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引用次数: 0

Echocardiographic description of shunt volume in dogs with patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭犬分流容积的超声心动图描述。

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.09.001

L.S. Köster , A.B. Asbury , C.M. Springer

Introduction/Objectives

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can have a variable clinical course. The aims of this study were to describe Doppler estimates of shunt volume and their association with clinical and echocardiographic abnormalities.

Animals, Materials and Methods

Dogs with a diagnosis of a PDA on echocardiography were included in this study. Signalment, clinical signs, Doppler estimates of shunt volume, and outcome were collected from medical records (June 2020 and 2023) and examined for statistical associations. Groups included hemodynamically insignificant, incidental left-to-right (LR) shunt, left-to-right shunt with congestive heart failure (LCHF), and pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Results

Most dogs had standard LR shunts (76%), 4/4 heart murmur (69%), closing Doppler pattern characterized by—continuous LR shunting and high velocity (71%), and a color flow Doppler pattern—extending to the pulmonic valve (51%). Larger left ventricular chambers and normalized color flow Doppler width (CFDw) (P=0.023) were found in clinical as compared to asymptomatic dogs. Transmitral peak E (E), left ventricular outflow tract velocities, and color flow Doppler pixilation percent fill of the main pulmonary artery (CFD%) were correlated with left chamber dimensions. The LCHF group had a larger CFDw than the LR shunt group (P=0.009), which in turn was larger than that of the PH group (P=0.004). The mean CFD% was larger in the LCHF group (P=0.008) than in the LR-shunt group.

Study Limitations

The retrospective data collection limited standardization of image acquisition. Applicability is further limited by lack of intra-observer and interobserver variability analyses.

Conclusions

Doppler measures of shunt volume in dogs with PDA include E- and left ventricular outflow tract velocities, CFDw, and CFD%.

简介/目的：动脉导管未闭（PDA）有不同的临床病程。本研究的目的是描述多普勒估计分流容量及其与临床和超声心动图异常的关系。动物、材料和方法：本研究纳入超声心动图诊断为PDA的犬。从医疗记录（2020年6月和2023年6月）中收集信号、临床体征、分流体积的多普勒估计和结果，并检查统计关联。各组包括血流动力学不显著、偶发左向右分流、左向右分流合并充血性心力衰竭（LCHF）和肺动脉高压（PH）。结果：大多数狗有标准的左左分流（76%），4/4心脏杂音（69%），以连续左左分流和高流速为特征的闭合多普勒模式（71%），以及延伸到肺动脉瓣的彩色血流多普勒模式（51%）。与无症状犬相比，临床发现左心室增大，归一化彩色血流多普勒宽度（CFDw）（P=0.023）。透射峰E (E)、左室流出道速度、肺动脉彩色血流多普勒像素化填充率（CFD%）与左室尺寸相关。LCHF组CFDw大于LR分流术组（P=0.009），而LCHF组CFDw又大于PH组（P=0.004）。LCHF组的平均CFD%大于lr分流组（P=0.008）。研究局限性：回顾性数据收集限制了图像采集的标准化。由于缺乏观察者内部和观察者之间的可变性分析，适用性进一步受到限制。结论：PDA犬分流容量的多普勒测量包括左室和左室流出道速度、CFDw和CFD%。

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引用次数: 0