Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.004
L. García-Guasch , A.M. Bello , A. García-Urdiales , D. Massegur-Yeste , C. Olmedo-Bosch
A 5-month-old, female, entirely domestic short-haired cat was referred for evaluation of a continuous heart murmur. No associated clinical signs were reported. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large, left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Transjugular occlusion of the defect was achieved using a Vet-PDA Occluder™ device, a new conic-shaped nitinol spiral device designed for PDA closure in small-sized dogs weighing less than 3 kg. Resolution of the continuous heart murmur was identified after device deployment. This case report demonstrates that the Vet-PDA Occluder™ can be a feasible option in feline patients for the occlusion of PDA and describes the technique step by step.
{"title":"Transjugular patent ductus arteriosus occlusion in a cat using the Vet-PDA Occluder™ device","authors":"L. García-Guasch , A.M. Bello , A. García-Urdiales , D. Massegur-Yeste , C. Olmedo-Bosch","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 5-month-old, female, entirely domestic short-haired cat was referred for evaluation of a continuous heart murmur. No associated clinical signs were reported. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large, left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Transjugular occlusion of the defect was achieved using a Vet-PDA Occluder™ device, a new conic-shaped nitinol spiral device designed for PDA closure in small-sized dogs weighing less than 3 kg. Resolution of the continuous heart murmur was identified after device deployment. This case report demonstrates that the Vet-PDA Occluder™ can be a feasible option in feline patients for the occlusion of PDA and describes the technique step by step.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doppler echocardiographic estimation of transpulmonary pressure gradient (PG) is widely used to determine severity of pulmonary valve stenosis and indication for transcatheter intervention. The objective of this study was to describe agreement between Doppler echocardiographic methods of transpulmonary PG estimation and direct peak-to-peak pressure gradient at catheterization (PGcath) in dogs. We hypothesized that with reference to PGcath, mean echocardiographic PG (PGecho-mean) would have less bias than peak modal instantaneous echocardiographic PG (PGecho-peak).
Animals
Client-owned dogs with congenital pulmonary valve stenosis that underwent balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty at one of two veterinary teaching hospitals between June 2012 and May 2022 were included in this study.
Materials and Methods
Cases that underwent transthoracic echocardiography and subsequent balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty separated by 30 or fewer days were retrospectively identified. For each echocardiogram, average PGecho-mean (mmHg) and average PGecho-peak (mmHg) were calculated from stored spectral Doppler recordings. Peak right ventricular-to-peak pulmonary artery PG data (mmHg) were obtained from catheterization reports. Bland–Altman analysis was used to assess agreement between echocardiographic and catheterization data.
Results
Data from 209 dogs (n = 215 instances) were evaluated. Proportional bias, greater at higher gradients, was observed for PGecho-mean versus PGcath (P<0.001). A constant bias of −38.12 mmHg was observed for PGecho-peak versus PGcath (P=0.62). Bias for both echocardiographic variables had wide limits of agreement that increased with PG.
Conclusions
PGecho-mean and PGecho-peak underestimated and overestimated PGcath, respectively, preventing their interchangeability with PGcath.
{"title":"Agreement of echocardiographic and catheterization-based methods of transpulmonary pressure gradient measurement in dogs","authors":"K.E. Murphy , L.E. Markovic , D.B. Adin , K.E. Moy-Trigilio , A.E. Coleman","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/Objectives</h3><div>Doppler echocardiographic estimation of transpulmonary pressure gradient (PG) is widely used to determine severity of pulmonary valve stenosis and indication for transcatheter intervention. The objective of this study was to describe agreement between Doppler echocardiographic methods of transpulmonary PG estimation and direct peak-to-peak pressure gradient at catheterization (PG<sub>cath</sub>) in dogs. We hypothesized that with reference to PG<sub>cath</sub>, mean echocardiographic PG (PG<sub>echo-mean</sub>) would have less bias than peak modal instantaneous echocardiographic PG (PG<sub>echo-peak</sub>).</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Client-owned dogs with congenital pulmonary valve stenosis that underwent balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty at one of two veterinary teaching hospitals between June 2012 and May 2022 were included in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Cases that underwent transthoracic echocardiography and subsequent balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty separated by 30 or fewer days were retrospectively identified. For each echocardiogram, average PG<sub>echo-mean</sub> (mmHg) and average PG<sub>echo-peak</sub> (mmHg) were calculated from stored spectral Doppler recordings. Peak right ventricular-to-peak pulmonary artery PG data (mmHg) were obtained from catheterization reports. Bland–Altman analysis was used to assess agreement between echocardiographic and catheterization data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 209 dogs (n = 215 instances) were evaluated. Proportional bias, greater at higher gradients, was observed for PG<sub>echo-mean</sub> versus PG<sub>cath</sub> (P<0.001). A constant bias of −38.12 mmHg was observed for PG<sub>echo-peak</sub> versus PG<sub>cath</sub> (P=0.62). Bias for both echocardiographic variables had wide limits of agreement that increased with PG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PG<sub>echo-mean</sub> and PG<sub>echo-peak</sub> underestimated and overestimated PG<sub>cath</sub>, respectively, preventing their interchangeability with PG<sub>cath</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 116-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.002
M. McMullen, K.L. Maneval, C.S. Ferrel, M. Holland, R.L. Winter
A 4-month-old, 5.0-kg male castrated mixed-breed dog was presented for further evaluation of a heart murmur. A grade 6/6 left basilar, continuous heart murmur, and bounding femoral arterial pulses were observed, consistent with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Transthoracic echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of a large, left-to-right shunting PDA with severe left heart volume overload. Thoracic radiography revealed severe, alveolar lung disease in the right cranial, right middle, and right caudal lung lobes; no pulmonary infiltrate was observed in the left lung lobes. Unilateral pulmonary edema secondary to the PDA was diagnosed, which later resolved with medical management and transcatheter occlusion of the PDA with an Amplatz Canine Ductal Occluder. Unilateral pulmonary edema secondary to a PDA has not been previously reported in the dog.
{"title":"Unilateral pulmonary edema in a dog with a large, left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus","authors":"M. McMullen, K.L. Maneval, C.S. Ferrel, M. Holland, R.L. Winter","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 4-month-old, 5.0-kg male castrated mixed-breed dog was presented for further evaluation of a heart murmur. A grade 6/6 left basilar, continuous heart murmur, and bounding femoral arterial pulses were observed, consistent with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Transthoracic echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of a large, left-to-right shunting PDA with severe left heart volume overload. Thoracic radiography revealed severe, alveolar lung disease in the right cranial, right middle, and right caudal lung lobes; no pulmonary infiltrate was observed in the left lung lobes. Unilateral pulmonary edema secondary to the PDA was diagnosed, which later resolved with medical management and transcatheter occlusion of the PDA with an Amplatz Canine Ductal Occluder. Unilateral pulmonary edema secondary to a PDA has not been previously reported in the dog.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 111-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/S1760-2734(24)00087-0
{"title":"Journal title page and editorial board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1760-2734(24)00087-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1760-2734(24)00087-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.003
E.A. Gavic , C.D. Stauthammer , A.K. Masters , K.R.S. Morgan , A. Rendahl , M. Ciccozzi , K. Beekmann , R. George , E. Herrold , L.E. Markovic , K. Schober , S.S. Tjostheim , K. Wright
Introduction/Objectives
Ventricular pre-excitation (VPE) occurs when atrial electrical impulses prematurely excite the ventricles through an aberrant muscle bundle known as an accessory pathway (AP). Orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia is a re-entrant, narrow complex supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), maintained through retrograde conduction over an AP. The study aimed to describe patient signalments, clinical signs, electrocardiographic (ECG) and diagnostic imaging features, treatments, prognostic variables, and outcomes in cats with ECG diagnosis of VPE.
Animals
Twenty-three cats diagnosed with VPE between January 2010 and August 2022 were included in this study.
Materials and Methods
This was a multicenter, retrospective study with twenty-three cats diagnosed with VPE between January 2010 and August 2022. Ventricular pre-excitation diagnosis was based on ECG evidence of shortened PR interval, delta wave, and prolonged QRS duration. The median survival time (MST) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier curve. Log-rank tests were performed to assess for an association between clinical signs or presence of structural heart disease on the MST.
Results
Fourteen (60.8%) cats with VPE also had SVT documented on ECG, with 7 of 14 with ECG confirmation of orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia. Four (17.4%) cats had suspected AP-mediated tachyarrhythmia based on associated clinical signs. Common presenting signs included collapse (15/23; 65.2%) and respiratory distress (14/23; 60.8%). Five (21.7%) cats were asymptomatic. Heart rate during SVT ranged from 310 to 420 bpm (median: 375 bpm). Initial treatment included atenolol (10/18), sotalol (5/18), diltiazem (2/18), and amiodarone (1/18). From the date of diagnosis, MST was 1872 days (5.1 years).
Conclusions
The majority of cats with VPE also had symptomatic SVT. The prognosis for cats with VPE is considered good with an MST of greater than five years.
{"title":"Clinical, electrocardiographic, and diagnostic imaging features and outcomes in cats with electrocardiographic diagnosis of ventricular pre-excitation: a retrospective study of 23 cases (2010–2022)","authors":"E.A. Gavic , C.D. Stauthammer , A.K. Masters , K.R.S. Morgan , A. Rendahl , M. Ciccozzi , K. Beekmann , R. George , E. Herrold , L.E. Markovic , K. Schober , S.S. Tjostheim , K. Wright","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/Objectives</h3><div>Ventricular pre-excitation (VPE) occurs when atrial electrical impulses prematurely excite the ventricles through an aberrant muscle bundle known as an accessory pathway (AP). Orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia is a re-entrant, narrow complex supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), maintained through retrograde conduction over an AP. The study aimed to describe patient signalments, clinical signs, electrocardiographic (ECG) and diagnostic imaging features, treatments, prognostic variables, and outcomes in cats with ECG diagnosis of VPE.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Twenty-three cats diagnosed with VPE between January 2010 and August 2022 were included in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This was a multicenter, retrospective study with twenty-three cats diagnosed with VPE between January 2010 and August 2022. Ventricular pre-excitation diagnosis was based on ECG evidence of shortened PR interval, delta wave, and prolonged QRS duration. The median survival time (MST) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier curve. Log-rank tests were performed to assess for an association between clinical signs or presence of structural heart disease on the MST.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen (60.8%) cats with VPE also had SVT documented on ECG, with 7 of 14 with ECG confirmation of orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia. Four (17.4%) cats had suspected AP-mediated tachyarrhythmia based on associated clinical signs. Common presenting signs included collapse (15/23; 65.2%) and respiratory distress (14/23; 60.8%). Five (21.7%) cats were asymptomatic. Heart rate during SVT ranged from 310 to 420 bpm (median: 375 bpm). Initial treatment included atenolol (10/18), sotalol (5/18), diltiazem (2/18), and amiodarone (1/18). From the date of diagnosis, MST was 1872 days (5.1 years).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The majority of cats with VPE also had symptomatic SVT. The prognosis for cats with VPE is considered good with an MST of greater than five years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 97-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.002
B. Ditzler , E. Lashnits , K.M. Meurs , R.G. Maggi , M. Yata , P. Neupane , E.B. Breitschwerdt
Introduction/Objectives
Risk factors for severe disease in boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) are not well understood. This study's objective was to determine whether Striatin genotype or canine vector-borne pathogen (CVBP) exposure/infection in boxer dogs with ARVC was associated with disease severity or survival.
Animals
Sixty-four client-owned, adult boxer dogs with ARVC were included in the study.
Materials and Methods
This was a prospective descriptive study. Disease severity was determined by echocardiography and Holter monitoring. Potential risk factors included CVBP exposure/infection (Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., Bartonella spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Dirofilaria immitis, Ehrlichia spp., and Rickettsia spp.) and Striatin genotype.
Results
The median survival time after enrollment was 270 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 226–798 days), and the median age at the time of death or censoring was 11 years (95% CI: 10.3–11.7 years). Striatin mutation genotype results included 31 homozygous-negative, 26 heterozygous-positive, and seven homozygous-positive boxer dogs. Ten boxer dogs had exposure to Bartonella spp., four to Rickettsia, two to Ehrlichia spp., and one to Anaplasma spp. Striatin homozygous–positive boxer dogs had a shorter median survival time (93 days vs. 373 days for heterozygous [P=0.010] and 214 days for homozygous negative [P=0.036]). Exposure/infection to CVBP was not associated with median survival time or age at the time of death.
Discussion
Striatin homozygous positive boxer dogs with ARVC had shorter survival times and were younger at the time of death. Exposure or infection with CVBP did not appear to influence survival time.
Study Limitations
Selection bias for more severe disease limited the ability to assess the relationship between CVBP infection/exposure and disease severity, and overall small sample size limited statistical power. Extracardiac disease and treatment protocols were not controlled.
Conclusions
Striatin genotype screening can be considered for prognostic information. Exposure/infection to CVBP appears unlikely to influence survival time for boxer dogs with ARVC.
{"title":"The role of vector-borne pathogens and cardiac Striatin genotype on survival in boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy","authors":"B. Ditzler , E. Lashnits , K.M. Meurs , R.G. Maggi , M. Yata , P. Neupane , E.B. Breitschwerdt","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/Objectives</h3><div>Risk factors for severe disease in boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) are not well understood. This study's objective was to determine whether Striatin genotype or canine vector-borne pathogen (CVBP) exposure/infection in boxer dogs with ARVC was associated with disease severity or survival.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Sixty-four client-owned, adult boxer dogs with ARVC were included in the study.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This was a prospective descriptive study. Disease severity was determined by echocardiography and Holter monitoring. Potential risk factors included CVBP exposure/infection (<em>Anaplasma</em> spp.<em>, Babesia</em> spp., <em>Bartonella</em> spp., <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em>, <em>Dirofilaria immitis, Ehrlichia</em> spp., and <em>Rickettsia</em> spp.) and Striatin genotype.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median survival time after enrollment was 270 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 226–798 days), and the median age at the time of death or censoring was 11 years (95% CI: 10.3–11.7 years). Striatin mutation genotype results included 31 homozygous-negative, 26 heterozygous-positive, and seven homozygous-positive boxer dogs. Ten boxer dogs had exposure to <em>Bartonella</em> spp., four to <em>Rickettsia,</em> two to <em>Ehrlichia</em> spp., and one to <em>Anaplasma</em> spp. Striatin homozygous–positive boxer dogs had a shorter median survival time (93 days vs. 373 days for heterozygous [P=0.010] and 214 days for homozygous negative [P=0.036]). Exposure/infection to CVBP was not associated with median survival time or age at the time of death.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Striatin homozygous positive boxer dogs with ARVC had shorter survival times and were younger at the time of death. Exposure or infection with CVBP did not appear to influence survival time.</div></div><div><h3>Study Limitations</h3><div>Selection bias for more severe disease limited the ability to assess the relationship between CVBP infection/exposure and disease severity, and overall small sample size limited statistical power. Extracardiac disease and treatment protocols were not controlled.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Striatin genotype screening can be considered for prognostic information. Exposure/infection to CVBP appears unlikely to influence survival time for boxer dogs with ARVC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.001
J. Allen, K. Phipps, K. Barrett, C. Day
A 17-week-old, 2.7-kg cat was presented for management of congestive heart failure due to cor triatriatum sinister. Despite aggressive management for congestive heart failure with escalating diuretic doses, the cat remained symptomatic with exercise intolerance and dyspnea. Percutaneous transseptal balloon dilatation was scheduled. Computed tomography was performed prior to the procedure to aid in planning, which confirmed echocardiographic findings and excluded concurrent congenital defects. A transseptal puncture was performed under general anesthesia, and the cor triatriatum sinister membrane was crossed with a guidewire, allowing subsequent inflation with a 4-mm cutting balloon, followed by inflation of a 10-mm low-pressure balloon across the membrane. This resulted in marked improvement in pressure gradient across the membrane. Pulmonary venous puncture resulting in a mediastinal thrombus was the only complication encountered but was self-limiting and did not require any intervention. Diuretics were discontinued at a two-week recheck, and echocardiography confirmed resolution of the transmembrane gradient. A recheck echocardiogram nine weeks postoperatively, however, revealed restenosis of the membrane. Clinical signs of congestive heart failure were recurrent, requiring reinstitution of diuretic therapy. Percutaneous correction of cor triatriatum sinister is a technically challenging but feasible treatment option in small animals, though further investigation is needed to determine if restenosis is a common and/or preventable outcome.
{"title":"Percutaneous balloon angioplasty as a treatment for cor triatriatum sinister in a cat","authors":"J. Allen, K. Phipps, K. Barrett, C. Day","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 17-week-old, 2.7-kg cat was presented for management of congestive heart failure due to cor triatriatum sinister. Despite aggressive management for congestive heart failure with escalating diuretic doses, the cat remained symptomatic with exercise intolerance and dyspnea. Percutaneous transseptal balloon dilatation was scheduled. Computed tomography was performed prior to the procedure to aid in planning, which confirmed echocardiographic findings and excluded concurrent congenital defects. A transseptal puncture was performed under general anesthesia, and the cor triatriatum sinister membrane was crossed with a guidewire, allowing subsequent inflation with a 4-mm cutting balloon, followed by inflation of a 10-mm low-pressure balloon across the membrane. This resulted in marked improvement in pressure gradient across the membrane. Pulmonary venous puncture resulting in a mediastinal thrombus was the only complication encountered but was self-limiting and did not require any intervention. Diuretics were discontinued at a two-week recheck, and echocardiography confirmed resolution of the transmembrane gradient. A recheck echocardiogram nine weeks postoperatively, however, revealed restenosis of the membrane. Clinical signs of congestive heart failure were recurrent, requiring reinstitution of diuretic therapy. Percutaneous correction of cor triatriatum sinister is a technically challenging but feasible treatment option in small animals, though further investigation is needed to determine if restenosis is a common and/or preventable outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.08.009
J. Huynh, E.J. Benjamin, K. Degarmo, R. Baumwart
One French bulldog and one Cavalier King Charles spaniel were referred for pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) after being diagnosed with severe pulmonic stenosis. In both patients, a dilated coronary sinus was noted on transthoracic echocardiography, suggesting persistent left cranial vena cava. Despite complete preoperative workup being performed, persistent left cranial vena cava with right cranial vena cava aplasia was not identified until after right jugular catheterization. This case study highlights vascular anomalies that hinder traditional approaches to PBV and diagnostic considerations for preoperative workup as recognition of these venous anomalies would have changed the approach to catheterization for PBV, minimizing the risk for complications, saving resources, and decreasing anesthetic time in these patients.
{"title":"Persistent left cranial vena cava and right cranial vena cava aplasia in a French bulldog and a Cavalier King Charles spaniel with severe pulmonic stenosis","authors":"J. Huynh, E.J. Benjamin, K. Degarmo, R. Baumwart","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One French bulldog and one Cavalier King Charles spaniel were referred for pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) after being diagnosed with severe pulmonic stenosis. In both patients, a dilated coronary sinus was noted on transthoracic echocardiography, suggesting persistent left cranial vena cava. Despite complete preoperative workup being performed, persistent left cranial vena cava with right cranial vena cava aplasia was not identified until after right jugular catheterization. This case study highlights vascular anomalies that hinder traditional approaches to PBV and diagnostic considerations for preoperative workup as recognition of these venous anomalies would have changed the approach to catheterization for PBV, minimizing the risk for complications, saving resources, and decreasing anesthetic time in these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 50-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.08.010
E. Herrold , K. Schober , J. Miller , R. Jennings
A two-year-old, 3.9-kg, male castrated, domestic shorthair cat presented to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center for acute onset neurological signs. During hospitalization, he was diagnosed with an American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage B1 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype on echocardiogram. His clinical signs acutely worsened, including seizure activity and panting, and he was euthanized. Necropsy revealed the histopathologic diagnosis of systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis, which notably severely affected the myocardium. In this case report, we present the antemortem diagnostic results and postmortem necropsy results of this rare condition in cats. This case demonstrates that echocardiographic assessment of the heart in cats affected by systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis may lead to the false diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and thus should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats with symmetrical left ventricularl wall thickening on echocardiography.
{"title":"Systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis mimicking hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a domestic shorthair cat","authors":"E. Herrold , K. Schober , J. Miller , R. Jennings","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A two-year-old, 3.9-kg, male castrated, domestic shorthair cat presented to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center for acute onset neurological signs. During hospitalization, he was diagnosed with an American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage B1 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype on echocardiogram. His clinical signs acutely worsened, including seizure activity and panting, and he was euthanized. Necropsy revealed the histopathologic diagnosis of systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis, which notably severely affected the myocardium. In this case report, we present the antemortem diagnostic results and postmortem necropsy results of this rare condition in cats. This case demonstrates that echocardiographic assessment of the heart in cats affected by systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis may lead to the false diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and thus should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats with symmetrical left ventricularl wall thickening on echocardiography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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