Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.005
D. Hogan, M. Borgarelli, S. Fonfara
{"title":"25 years of Journal of Veterinary Cardiology: moving forward","authors":"D. Hogan, M. Borgarelli, S. Fonfara","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 78-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/S1760-2734(24)00065-1
{"title":"Journal title page and editorial board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1760-2734(24)00065-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1760-2734(24)00065-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1760273424000651/pdfft?md5=db7c313b47737b512f0f8d38fd6215d0&pid=1-s2.0-S1760273424000651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.004
N.S. Moise
{"title":"25 years of Journal of Veterinary Cardiology: how you can make a journal successful","authors":"N.S. Moise","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 80-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.03.001
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Plasma growth differentiation factors 8 and 11 levels in cats with congestive heart failure secondary to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy” [J Vet Cardiol 25 (2019 Oct) 41–51]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Page 86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1760273424000249/pdfft?md5=f8e3cf69fda3fcb4253ef9fffbf5e87f&pid=1-s2.0-S1760273424000249-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140401125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.002
M.B. Haynes , A.G.N. Morey , C. Gerhard , J. Remaks , L. Nafe , M. Mickelson , C.R. Reinero , K.E. Wiggen
A 10-year-old male castrated Somali cat presented with neurologic signs, severe systemic hypertension, and hypokalemia. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated a left adrenal mass, and the serum aldosterone concentration was increased. Computed tomography and follow-up diagnostic testing confirmed a left adrenal mass consistent with functional adenocarcinoma; additional findings included chronic airway and parenchymal disease. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed biatrial enlargement, with abdominal and pericardial effusion, consistent with right-sided congestive heart failure. The cat was treated for congestive heart failure and adrenalectomy was performed. Cardiac structure and function returned to normal within 6 months postoperatively. This report highlights a case of reversible congestive heart failure secondary to primary hyperaldosteronism.
{"title":"Reversible right-sided congestive heart failure secondary to primary hyperaldosteronism in a cat","authors":"M.B. Haynes , A.G.N. Morey , C. Gerhard , J. Remaks , L. Nafe , M. Mickelson , C.R. Reinero , K.E. Wiggen","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 10-year-old male castrated Somali cat presented with neurologic signs, severe systemic hypertension, and hypokalemia. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated a left adrenal mass, and the serum aldosterone concentration was increased. Computed tomography and follow-up diagnostic testing confirmed a left adrenal mass consistent with functional adenocarcinoma; additional findings included chronic airway and parenchymal disease. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed biatrial enlargement, with abdominal and pericardial effusion, consistent with right-sided congestive heart failure. The cat was treated for congestive heart failure and adrenalectomy was performed. Cardiac structure and function returned to normal within 6 months postoperatively. This report highlights a case of reversible congestive heart failure secondary to primary hyperaldosteronism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.001
M. Ciccozzi, C.D. Stauthammer, E. Gavic, A. Masters
A one-year-old male intact American bulldog was presented for evaluation of previously diagnosed pulmonary stenosis. Echocardiography identified ultra-severe stenosis with an instantaneous trans-pulmonary pressure gradient of 240 mmHg. Angiography confirmed the presence of an anomalous coronary artery with a prepulmonic course of the left coronary artery arising from a single right coronary ostium consistent with a type R2A coronary anomaly. A trans-pulmonary stent was successfully placed transvenously with diameter sizing based on coronary compression testing. No coronary compression was present on postimplantation angiography. A marked reduction in the pressure gradient was obtained on postoperative echocardiography (reduction to 68 mmHg), despite selecting a stent diameter less than the pulmonary annulus diameter. This is the first report of the use of coronary compression testing in transvenous trans-pulmonic stent implantation in a dog with a type R2A coronary artery anomaly. Selection of a stent diameter less than the pulmonary annulus diameter conveyed a clinically relevant reduction in the trans-pulmonic pressure gradient while avoiding coronary compression in this case.
{"title":"Trans-pulmonary stent placement for pulmonary stenosis in a dog with a type R2A coronary artery anomaly","authors":"M. Ciccozzi, C.D. Stauthammer, E. Gavic, A. Masters","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A one-year-old male intact American bulldog was presented for evaluation of previously diagnosed pulmonary stenosis. Echocardiography identified ultra-severe stenosis with an instantaneous trans-pulmonary pressure gradient of 240 mmHg. Angiography confirmed the presence of an anomalous coronary artery with a prepulmonic course of the left coronary artery arising from a single right coronary ostium consistent with a type R2A coronary anomaly. A trans-pulmonary stent was successfully placed transvenously with diameter sizing based on coronary compression testing. No coronary compression was present on postimplantation angiography. A marked reduction in the pressure gradient was obtained on postoperative echocardiography (reduction to 68 mmHg), despite selecting a stent diameter less than the pulmonary annulus diameter. This is the first report of the use of coronary compression testing in transvenous trans-pulmonic stent implantation in a dog with a type R2A coronary artery anomaly. Selection of a stent diameter less than the pulmonary annulus diameter conveyed a clinically relevant reduction in the trans-pulmonic pressure gradient while avoiding coronary compression in this case.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.002
G.P. Sala, P. Wotton, F. Ivasovic
An 18-year-old female neutered Domestic Shorthair cat was referred for investigation of seizure-like episodes. Physical and neurological examination were unremarkable, as were systemic arterial blood pressure, cardiac troponin I, complete blood count and biochemistry profile. Diagnostic tests included transthoracic echocardiography which ruled out any structural cardiomyopathy, and electrocardiography which showed an underlying regular wide QRS-complex rhythm with pronounced shortening of the PR interval. Considering the findings, a diagnosis of suspected ventricular pre-excitation secondary to an accessory pathway was made. Further investigations were declined and, as no periods of tachycardia were seen on the five-minute electrocardiogram, no antiarrhythmic treatment was started.
{"title":"Ventricular pre-excitation in an elderly cat","authors":"G.P. Sala, P. Wotton, F. Ivasovic","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An 18-year-old female neutered Domestic Shorthair cat was referred for investigation of seizure-like episodes. Physical and neurological examination were unremarkable, as were systemic arterial blood pressure, cardiac troponin I, complete blood count and biochemistry profile. Diagnostic tests included transthoracic echocardiography which ruled out any structural cardiomyopathy, and electrocardiography which showed an underlying regular wide QRS-complex rhythm with pronounced shortening of the PR interval. Considering the findings, a diagnosis of suspected ventricular pre-excitation secondary to an accessory pathway was made. Further investigations were declined and, as no periods of tachycardia were seen on the five-minute electrocardiogram, no antiarrhythmic treatment was started.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 15-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1760273424000560/pdfft?md5=7a46e6b69d170aaa5e3eda455490ab96&pid=1-s2.0-S1760273424000560-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.003
K. Kadowaki , H. Tomita , T. Wada , Y. Miki , A. Fujiwara , K. Nakamura , T. Mori
A four-year-old spayed female Shiba Inu dog weighing 6.1 kg presented with ascites. Cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) without any other concurrent cardiovascular anomalies was diagnosed using echocardiography. The ostium of the abnormal membrane dividing the right atrium into two abnormal chambers was surgically excised under cardiopulmonary bypass. All clinical abnormalities were resolved after surgery. However, seven months later, ascites and CTD recurred. A balloon-expandable stent was placed at the site of recurrence, which improved caudal venous return to the right ventricle. After the second procedure, ascites were resolved, and the dog remained asymptomatic for 18 months without complications. There are previous reports of successful surgical resection of the CTD and of stenting in recurrent CTD following balloon dilation in dogs. However, to the authors’ knowledge, no previous reports have described recurrent CTD in dogs after surgical resection of the CTD. In this case, as with recurrent CTD following balloon dilation, stent placement at the site of the CTD can be a viable treatment option when the abnormal membrane recurs.
{"title":"Percutaneous transcatheter right atrial stent placement for recurrent cor triatriatum dexter following initial surgical excision of right intra-atrial membrane in a dog","authors":"K. Kadowaki , H. Tomita , T. Wada , Y. Miki , A. Fujiwara , K. Nakamura , T. Mori","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A four-year-old spayed female Shiba Inu dog weighing 6.1 kg presented with ascites. Cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) without any other concurrent cardiovascular anomalies was diagnosed using echocardiography. The ostium of the abnormal membrane dividing the right atrium into two abnormal chambers was surgically excised under cardiopulmonary bypass. All clinical abnormalities were resolved after surgery. However, seven months later, ascites and CTD recurred. A balloon-expandable stent was placed at the site of recurrence, which improved caudal venous return to the right ventricle. After the second procedure, ascites were resolved, and the dog remained asymptomatic for 18 months without complications. There are previous reports of successful surgical resection of the CTD and of stenting in recurrent CTD following balloon dilation in dogs. However, to the authors’ knowledge, no previous reports have described recurrent CTD in dogs after surgical resection of the CTD. In this case, as with recurrent CTD following balloon dilation, stent placement at the site of the CTD can be a viable treatment option when the abnormal membrane recurs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141693027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.05.002
K.L. Maneval, R.L. Winter, S.W. Jung
Introduction/Objectives
Dogs with severe pulmonary stenosis (PS) are routinely treated with balloon valvuloplasty. Success and safety of these procedures require an accurate assessment of the pulmonary valve annulus (PVA) diameter for proper balloon catheter selection. PVA diameter is assessed with angiography (PVA-Ang) and transthoracic echocardiography (PVA-TTE), and both may impact procedural planning for balloon valvuloplasty. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between PVA-Ang and PVA-TTE in dogs with PS.
Animals, materials and methods
Observational, retrospective study of 59 client-owned dogs. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with PS were reviewed. Images from selective right ventricular angiography and transthoracic echocardiography were reviewed. The PVA diameters were measured at the time of angiography (PVA-Ang) and by a single operator for this study (PVA-TTE). Image quality scores were assigned to echocardiographic images of the PVA based on visualization of PVA margins and valve leaflet hinge points.
Results
In 41/59 (70%) dogs, the diameter of the PVA-Ang was larger than the PVA-TTE, and the median absolute difference between measurements was 1.9 mm (range 0.1–8.4). With worse echocardiographic image quality, the difference in measurement between modalities increased. Dogs with poor echocardiographic image quality had greater differences (range −7.7 to 8.4 mm) between PVA-Ang and PVA-TTE compared to those with excellent image quality (range −2.2 to 3.8 mm), and the absolute differences between poor (median 2.8 mm, range 1.5–8.4 mm) and excellent (median 1.4 mm, 0.2–3.8 mm) image quality were significant (P=0.005).
Conclusions
Diameters of PVA-Ang are greater than PVA-TTE in most dogs, and these differences are most apparent with worse echocardiographic image quality. These differences may be clinically relevant to interventional procedure planning.
{"title":"Correlation of transthoracic echocardiographic and angiographic measurements of pulmonary valve annular diameter in dogs with pulmonary stenosis","authors":"K.L. Maneval, R.L. Winter, S.W. Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/Objectives</h3><p>Dogs with severe pulmonary stenosis (PS) are routinely treated with balloon valvuloplasty. Success and safety of these procedures require an accurate assessment of the pulmonary valve annulus (PVA) diameter for proper balloon catheter selection. PVA diameter is assessed with angiography (PVA-Ang) and transthoracic echocardiography (PVA-TTE), and both may impact procedural planning for balloon valvuloplasty. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between PVA-Ang and PVA-TTE in dogs with PS.</p></div><div><h3>Animals, materials and methods</h3><p>Observational, retrospective study of 59 client-owned dogs. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with PS were reviewed. Images from selective right ventricular angiography and transthoracic echocardiography were reviewed. The PVA diameters were measured at the time of angiography (PVA-Ang) and by a single operator for this study (PVA-TTE). Image quality scores were assigned to echocardiographic images of the PVA based on visualization of PVA margins and valve leaflet hinge points.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In 41/59 (70%) dogs, the diameter of the PVA-Ang was larger than the PVA-TTE, and the median absolute difference between measurements was 1.9 mm (range 0.1–8.4). With worse echocardiographic image quality, the difference in measurement between modalities increased. Dogs with poor echocardiographic image quality had greater differences (range −7.7 to 8.4 mm) between PVA-Ang and PVA-TTE compared to those with excellent image quality (range −2.2 to 3.8 mm), and the absolute differences between poor (median 2.8 mm, range 1.5–8.4 mm) and excellent (median 1.4 mm, 0.2–3.8 mm) image quality were significant (P=0.005).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Diameters of PVA-Ang are greater than PVA-TTE in most dogs, and these differences are most apparent with worse echocardiographic image quality. These differences may be clinically relevant to interventional procedure planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.001
S. Lakhdhir , M.L. O'Sullivan , E. Côté , J. Allen
Introduction/objectives
In clinical practice, dogs are screened for subaortic stenosis (SAS) using two-dimensional (2DE) and Doppler echocardiography. There is no accepted antemortem diagnostic criterion to distinguish between mild SAS and unaffected, therefore additional means of evaluating the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and aorta may be desirable. This study sought to determine and compare LVOT and aortic orifice areas using 2DE and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) in apparently healthy dogs of various breeds and somatotypes.
Animals, materials, and methods
Sixty-nine healthy, privately-owned dogs. The LVOT and aortic orifice areas were determined using 2DE aortic valve (AV) diameter-derived area; the continuity equation (CE); and 3DE planimetry of the LVOT, AV, sinus of Valsalva, and sinotubular junction. Orifice areas were indexed to body surface area (BSA).
Results
Obtaining 3DE images and performing planimetry were feasible in all dogs. The mean indexed area measured using the 2DE AV diameter (2.85 cm2/m2) was significantly lower than that derived from 3DE AV planimetry (3.85 cm2/m2; mean difference, 1.00 cm2/m2; P<0.001). There was poor agreement between the effective area calculated using the CE and the anatomic areas calculated using 2DE AV diameter and 3DE planimetry. The area calculated using the CE was less than all other calculations of area. Interobserver and intraobserver repeatability and reproducibility for 3DE planimetry were excellent.
Conclusions
Methods for determining aortic orifice areas in dogs are not interchangeable, and this must be taken into account if these methods are investigated in the evaluation of dogs with SAS in the future.
在临床实践中,使用二维(2DE)和多普勒超声心动图对狗进行主动脉瓣下狭窄(SAS)筛查。目前还没有公认的死前诊断标准来区分轻度 SAS 和未受影响的 SAS,因此可能需要额外的方法来评估左心室流出道(LVOT)和主动脉。本研究试图使用二维和三维超声心动图(3DE)确定并比较不同品种和体型的表面健康犬的左心室流出道和主动脉口面积。69 只健康的私人饲养的狗。使用 2DE 主动脉瓣(AV)直径衍生面积、连续性方程(CE)以及 LVOT、AV、Valsalva 窦和窦管交界处的 3DE 平面测量法确定 LVOT 和主动脉口面积。孔口面积与体表面积(BSA)成指数关系。所有狗都能获得 3DE 图像并进行平面测量。使用 2DE AV 直径测量的平均指数面积(2.85 cm/m)明显低于 3DE AV 平面测量得出的指数面积(3.85 cm/m;平均差异为 1.00 cm/m;P<0.001)。使用 CE 计算的有效面积与使用 2DE AV 直径和 3DE 平面测量法计算的解剖面积之间的一致性较差。使用 CE 计算的面积小于所有其他计算的面积。3DE 平面测量法的观察者间和观察者内重复性和再现性都非常好。确定犬主动脉口面积的方法不能互换,如果将来在评估 SAS 犬时研究这些方法,必须考虑到这一点。
{"title":"Use of two- and three-dimensional echocardiography for assessment of the left ventricular outflow tract and aortic orifice areas in dogs","authors":"S. Lakhdhir , M.L. O'Sullivan , E. Côté , J. Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/objectives</h3><p>In clinical practice, dogs are screened for subaortic stenosis (SAS) using two-dimensional (2DE) and Doppler echocardiography. There is no accepted antemortem diagnostic criterion to distinguish between mild SAS and unaffected, therefore additional means of evaluating the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and aorta may be desirable. This study sought to determine and compare LVOT and aortic orifice areas using 2DE and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) in apparently healthy dogs of various breeds and somatotypes.</p></div><div><h3>Animals, materials, and methods</h3><p>Sixty-nine healthy, privately-owned dogs. The LVOT and aortic orifice areas were determined using 2DE aortic valve (AV) diameter-derived area; the continuity equation (CE); and 3DE planimetry of the LVOT, AV, sinus of Valsalva, and sinotubular junction. Orifice areas were indexed to body surface area (BSA).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Obtaining 3DE images and performing planimetry were feasible in all dogs. The mean indexed area measured using the 2DE AV diameter (2.85 cm<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>) was significantly lower than that derived from 3DE AV planimetry (3.85 cm<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>; mean difference, 1.00 cm<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>; P<0.001). There was poor agreement between the effective area calculated using the CE and the anatomic areas calculated using 2DE AV diameter and 3DE planimetry. The area calculated using the CE was less than all other calculations of area. Interobserver and intraobserver repeatability and reproducibility for 3DE planimetry were excellent.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Methods for determining aortic orifice areas in dogs are not interchangeable, and this must be taken into account if these methods are investigated in the evaluation of dogs with SAS in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 63-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1760273424000559/pdfft?md5=440a189cc8662189d1edf4e8d6347d40&pid=1-s2.0-S1760273424000559-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}