Journal of Veterinary Cardiology最新文献_第5页

Veterinary echocardiographers’ preferences for image selection, timing, and caliper placement for left atrial two-dimensional size assessment in dogs: the BENEFIT project 兽医超声心动图医师对狗左心房二维尺寸评估的图像选择、时间和卡尺放置的偏好：BENEFIT项目

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.07.006

M.Y.-W. Kuo , M. Dirven , J. Häggström , S.G. Gordon , K. Höglund , E. Côté , T.-L. Lu , M. Rishniw , Y.-W. Hung , I. Ljungvall

Introduction/Objectives

This study aimed to investigate veterinary echocardiographers’ preferences for assessing left atrial (LA) size in dogs using linear two-dimensional echocardiography, focusing on image selection, timing, caliper placement, and thresholds used for LA enlargement. A secondary aim was to explore the impact of experience and training on echocardiographers' linear two-dimensional measurements of LA size in dogs.

Animals, Materials and Methods

A global online study was conducted, asking veterinary echocardiographers to measure LA size using static echocardiographic images.

Results

A total of 533 echocardiographers (63% non-specialists and 37% specialists, of which 43% were cardiology board certified) completed the study. Most echocardiographers (86%, n = 459/533) used a right parasternal short-axis (RPSAX) view for LA and aortic (Ao) measurements. Of these, 57% (n = 261/459) favored the same image angulation for performing measurements and 76% (n = 351/459) timed measurements at end-systole/early-diastole. Caliper placement near pulmonary venous inlets impacted their LA dimension measurements the most. Thirty-nine percent (n = 207/533) used right parasternal long-axis (RPLAX) views. The upper limit for LA enlargement varied across all commonly used methods. Training and experience level influenced interobserver variation for LA dimension measurements obtained from a RPLAX four-chamber view, but not from a RPSAX view.

Study Limitations

Static images may not reflect real-time clinical settings or allow precise identification of anatomical structures.

Conclusions

The RPSAX view was most favored for LA size assessment in dogs, but variations existed in image selection, timing, caliper placement, and threshold used for LA enlargement. Training and experience level influenced interobserver variation in LA dimension measurements obtained from a RPLAX four-chamber view.

本研究旨在探讨兽医超声心动图医师使用线性二维超声心动图评估犬左房（LA）大小的偏好，重点关注左房放大的图像选择、时间、卡尺放置和阈值。第二个目的是探索经验和训练对超声心动图师对狗的LA大小的线性二维测量的影响。动物、材料和方法进行了一项全球在线研究，要求兽医超声心动图医师使用静态超声心动图图像测量LA大小。结果共有533名超声心动图医师（非专科医师63%，专科医师37%，其中43%获得心脏病学委员会认证）完成研究。大多数超声心动图医师（86%,n = 459/533）使用右胸骨旁短轴（RPSAX）视图测量LA和主动脉（Ao）。其中，57% （n = 261/459）倾向于采用相同的成像角度进行测量，76% （n = 351/459）倾向于在收缩期末/舒张期早期进行定时测量。卡尺放置在肺静脉入口附近对其LA尺寸测量影响最大。39% （n = 207/533）使用右胸骨旁长轴（RPLAX）视图。在所有常用的方法中，LA放大的上限各不相同。训练和经验水平影响从RPLAX四室视图中获得的LA维度测量的观察者间差异，但从RPSAX视图中没有。研究局限性静态图像可能不能反映实时临床环境或允许精确识别解剖结构。结论RPSAX视图最适合犬的LA大小评估，但在图像选择、时间、卡尺放置和LA放大阈值方面存在差异。训练和经验水平影响从RPLAX四室视图获得的LA维度测量的观察者间差异。

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引用次数: 0

Time to refractory congestive heart failure in cats presenting with pleural effusion vs. pulmonary edema 出现胸腔积液和肺水肿的猫的难治性充血性心力衰竭的时间

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.07.005

K.M. Buchanan, R.C. Fries, S. Kadotani

Introduction/Objectives

Cats with left-sided congestive heart failure (CHF) usually present with pleural effusion and/or pulmonary edema. We compared time to refractory CHF and survival time between pleural effusion and pulmonary edema in cats with various cardiomyopathies.

Animals, Material and Methods

A total of 125 cats with CHF presenting as predominantly pleural effusion (n = 73) or pulmonary edema (n = 52) were included in this study. Medical records of cats presenting with CHF between 2013 and 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Refractory CHF was defined as one requiring greater than 6 mg/kg/day of furosemide or introduction of torsemide. Signalment, underlying cardiomyopathy, the presence of pleural effusion or pulmonary edema, echocardiographic measurements at the time of CHF diagnosis, medications, comorbidities, time to refractory CHF, and survival time were recorded.

Results

The median survival time was significantly shorter (P=0.0002) for cats with pleural effusion (155 days; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11–199 days) than for those with pulmonary edema (234 days; 95% CI: 177–509 days). Median time to refractory CHF was significantly shorter (P=0.0003) for cats with pleural effusion (44 days; 95 % CI: 32–67 days) than for those with pulmonary edema (133 days; 95% CI: 90–233 days). Pleural effusion significantly influenced time to refractory CHF (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.16–4.62; P=0.022) and median survival time (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.06–3.40; P=0.029) in the multivariable models.

Study Limitations

The limitations of this study were therapeutic recommendations not standardized and quantification of pleural effusion and fluid analysis not available for all cats.

Conclusions

In this study sample, cats with pleural effusion have a reduced time to refractory CHF and survival times compared to cats with pulmonary edema.

简介/目的左侧充血性心力衰竭（CHF）的猫通常表现为胸腔积液和/或肺水肿。我们比较了患有各种心肌病的猫发生难治性CHF的时间和胸腔积液和肺水肿之间的生存时间。动物、材料和方法本研究共纳入125只CHF猫，主要表现为胸腔积液（n = 73）或肺水肿（n = 52）。回顾性评估2013年至2022年期间出现CHF的猫的医疗记录。难治性CHF被定义为需要大于6mg /kg/天的呋塞米或引入托尔塞米。记录信号、潜在的心肌病、胸膜积液或肺水肿的存在、CHF诊断时的超声心动图测量、药物、合并症、难治性CHF的时间和生存时间。结果胸腔积液组的中位生存时间（155天，95%可信区间[CI]: 11-199天）明显短于肺水肿组（234天，95% CI: 177-509天），P=0.0002。胸腔积液猫发生难治性CHF的中位时间（44天，95% CI: 32-67天）明显短于肺水肿猫（133天，95% CI: 90-233天）。在多变量模型中，胸腔积液显著影响难治性CHF的发生时间（风险比[HR]: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.16-4.62； P=0.022）和中位生存时间（HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.06-3.40； P=0.029）。研究局限性本研究的局限性是治疗建议没有标准化，胸膜积液和液体分析的量化不能用于所有的猫。结论在本研究样本中，与肺水肿的猫相比，胸腔积液的猫发生难治性CHF的时间和生存时间都缩短了。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical utility of pharmacological defibrillation using cardioplegic solution during canine mitral valve repair 心脏截瘫液在犬二尖瓣修复术中除颤的临床应用

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.07.002

K. Kurogochi , Y. Nii , A. Chen , M. Uechi

Introduction/Objectives

Reperfusion ventricular fibrillation (VF) commonly occurs during open-heart surgery in dogs and humans. Pharmacological defibrillation using cardioplegia is a potential option; however, the standard technique remains unclear in dogs. We examined the clinical utility of pharmacological defibrillation in canine mitral valve repair.

Animals, Materials, and Methods

We retrospectively investigated 402 client-owned dogs that underwent mitral valve repair between January and December 2021.

Results

Ventricular fibrillation after cross-clamp release occurred in 70 of 397 cases (17.6%). Pharmacological defibrillation was attempted in 69 patients by administering 40 mEq/L potassium crystalloid cardioplegia via an aortic root catheter. If defibrillation was not achieved or VF recurred, the administration was repeated identically. In all cases, VF resolved after pharmacological defibrillation alone, without electrical defibrillation. Defibrillation was achieved with a single dose in 45 cases (median, 3.90 mL/kg; interquartile range [IQR], 2.95–4.95]), while multiple doses (range: 2–5) were necessary for 24 cases (median initial dose, 3.05 mL/kg [IQR, 2.07–4.14]). Predictors of reperfusion VF included body temperature at cross-clamp release (risk ratio, 0.82 per 1.0 °C) and pre-operative left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole normalized to body weight (risk ratio, 1.11 per 0.1 unit).

Study Limitations

The retrospective nature of the study led to variability in personnel, absence of a control group, and limited data availability.

Conclusions

Reperfusion VF occurred in 17.6% of the canine mitral valve repair cases. Pharmacological defibrillation is a feasible option in such cases. Approximately 4.0 mL/kg of cardioplegia was effective for a single dose, whereas lower doses required multiple administrations.

再灌注性心室颤动（VF）常见于狗和人的心内直视手术中。使用心脏截截术进行药物除颤是一种潜在的选择；然而，在狗身上的标准技术仍不清楚。我们检查了药物除颤在犬二尖瓣修复中的临床应用。动物、材料和方法我们回顾性调查了402只客户拥有的狗，这些狗在2021年1月至12月期间接受了二尖瓣修复。结果397例患者中有70例（17.6%）发生交叉夹松解后心室颤动。69例患者通过主动脉根部导管给予40 mEq/L钾晶体心脏骤停，尝试药理学除颤。如果没有实现除颤或室颤复发，则重复给药。在所有病例中，VF均在药物除颤而非电除颤后消失。45例患者单次给药（中位数，3.90 mL/kg；四分位数范围[IQR]， 2.95-4.95]）， 24例患者需要多次给药（范围：2-5）（中位数初始剂量，3.05 mL/kg [IQR, 2.07-4.14]）。再灌注VF的预测因子包括交叉钳释放时的体温（风险比，0.82 / 1.0°C）和术前舒张末期左心室内径与体重归一化（风险比，1.11 / 0.1单位）。研究局限性：本研究为回顾性研究，研究人员存在差异，缺乏对照组，数据可用性有限。结论17.6%的犬二尖瓣修复病例发生再灌注VF。在这种情况下，药物除颤是一种可行的选择。约4.0 mL/kg的心脏截止剂单次给药有效，而低剂量则需要多次给药。

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引用次数: 0

Complete transposition of the great arteries with a patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, and juxta-arterial ventricular septal defect in a cat 猫大动脉完全转位伴动脉导管未闭，房间隔缺损和动脉旁室间隔缺损

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.07.004

J.C. Liu, J. Allen, K. Phipps, K. Barrett

An 11-week-old male intact Siamese cat was presented for evaluation of a grade V/VI parasternal systolic murmur. Echocardiography revealed multiple congenital cardiac abnormalities, including parallel orientation of the aorta and main pulmonary artery, a patent ductus arteriosus, and a juxta-arterial ventricular septal defect. Cardiac remodeling secondary to these congenital defects was also noted. The patient was clinically stable at the time of presentation, but the owner ultimately elected for humane euthanasia before the onset of cardiac decompensation. Postmortem necropsy was performed to confirm the congenital deformities identified on echocardiography. An ostium secundum atrial septal defect that was not originally detected on echocardiography was discovered at this time. The cat was diagnosed with a complete transposition of the great arteries and concurrent congenital defects that allowed for mixing of the pulmonary and systemic circulatory systems. This case report describes a congenital defect that is infrequently reported in veterinary medicine, as well as the utility of antemortem echocardiography and gross necropsy findings to characterize this deformity.

一只11周大的雄性完整暹罗猫被提出评估V/VI级胸骨旁收缩期杂音。超声心动图显示多发性先天性心脏异常，包括主动脉和肺动脉平行定向，动脉导管未闭，动脉旁室间隔缺损。继发于这些先天性缺陷的心脏重塑也被注意到。患者在临床表现稳定，但主人最终在心脏失代偿发作前选择了人道安乐死。尸检证实了超声心动图上发现的先天性畸形。在超声心动图上未发现的第二口房间隔缺损此时被发现。猫被诊断为大动脉完全转位和并发的先天性缺陷，允许肺和体循环系统混合。本病例报告描述了一个在兽医医学中很少报道的先天性缺陷，以及利用死前超声心动图和大体尸检结果来描述这种畸形。

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引用次数: 0

Cardiac lymphoma causing severe pulmonary stenosis in a cat 猫的心脏淋巴瘤导致严重的肺狭窄

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.07.001

A. Stout, F. Constantino-Casas, C. Partington

A nine-year-old, domestic shorthair cat was referred for investigation of a suspected renal mass, polyuria, polydipsia, hyporexia and weight loss of one month’s duration; no respiratory signs were reported. On presentation, the cat had marked respiratory effort. Thoracic auscultation revealed reduced heart and lung sounds bilaterally. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pleural effusion and an extensive, homogenous mass within the right ventricular outflow tract, invading the pulmonary valve and causing severe infundibular and valvular pulmonary stenosis and right atrial and ventricular dilatation. The mass extended to, and infiltrated, the right ventricular free wall. Postmortem examination confirmed the presence of a mass associated with the pulmonary valve extending into the right ventricle and infiltrating the right ventricular and right atrial myocardium, resulting in severe infundibular and valvular pulmonary stenosis. Histopathology showed disseminated intermediate to large cell lymphoma affecting the kidney, myocardium, pulmonary valve, pancreas, diaphragm and adrenal glands.

一只9岁的家养短毛猫因疑似肾肿块、多尿、烦渴、缺氧和体重下降一个月而入院接受调查；无呼吸体征报告。在展示时，这只猫有明显的呼吸困难。胸部听诊显示双侧心肺音减弱。经胸超声心动图显示大量胸腔积液，右心室流出道内有广泛的均匀肿块，侵犯肺动脉瓣，导致严重的肺小叶和瓣膜狭窄，右心房和心室扩张。肿块延伸并浸润至右心室游离壁。死后检查证实存在与肺瓣膜相关的肿块，延伸至右心室并浸润右心室和右心房心肌，导致严重的肺漏斗和瓣膜狭窄。组织病理显示弥散性中至大细胞淋巴瘤，累及肾脏、心肌、肺瓣膜、胰腺、隔膜及肾上腺。

引用次数: 0

Third-degree atrioventricular block associated with suspected arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in a three-year-old Cocker Spaniel 三岁可卡犬疑似心律失常性心肌病相关的三度房室传导阻滞

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.06.008

F.D. Favier , G.C.M. Grinwis , A.H. Hulsman , M. den Toom , F.G. van Steenbeek , G. Santarelli

A three-year-old spayed female English Cocker spaniel was presented with diarrhea, abdominal distension, and exercise intolerance. On physical examination, bradycardia, abdominal distension with positive undulation, and a soft systolic right-sided heart murmur were detected. Electrocardiography showed a third-degree atrioventricular block with monomorphic idioventricular rhythm and premature ventricular ectopic beats. On echocardiography, an extremely thin right ventricular wall, severe right ventricular and atrial dilation, and severely depressed right ventricular systolic function were observed, and ascites was confirmed. Despite pacemaker implantation and standard treatment for congestive heart failure, the dog's condition deteriorated quickly, leading to euthanasia. Pathological examination showed a thin right ventricular free wall with fibrosis and largely absent cardiomyocytes, along with myocardial infiltration of adipocytes and lymphocytes. An arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy complicated with a third-degree atrioventricular block was considered the most likely diagnosis.

一只三岁的雌性英国可卡犬出现腹泻、腹胀和运动不耐受。体格检查发现心动过缓，腹胀伴正波动，右侧心脏收缩期软杂音。心电图显示三度房室传导阻滞，伴有单形态心室特有节律和室性早搏异位。超声心动图示右心室壁极薄，右心室及心房严重扩张，右心室收缩功能严重下降，确认腹水。尽管植入了心脏起搏器并对充血性心力衰竭进行了标准治疗，但这只狗的病情迅速恶化，最终导致了安乐死。病理检查显示右心室壁薄，纤维化，心肌细胞基本缺失，心肌脂肪细胞和淋巴细胞浸润。心律失常性心肌病合并三度房室传导阻滞被认为是最可能的诊断。

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引用次数: 0

Mitral annular disjunction prevalence in 403 dogs referred for cardiac assessment (the MAD dog study). 403只犬的二尖瓣环分离率进行心脏评估（MAD犬研究）。

IF 1.5 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.06.007

N Pereira, M Wyler

Introduction/objectives: Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is common in humans and is associated with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), mitral valve prolapse, and arrhythmias. It is poorly described in dogs, and its prevalence is unknown. The objective of this study is to establish the prevalence of MAD in a population of dogs referred for cardiac examination.

Animals, methods and materials: A total of 415 dogs were screened. Over one year, dogs referred for cardiac assessment were prospectively enrolled. Age, breed, body weight, electrocardiography, and echocardiography were recorded. Dogs with systolic loss of continuity between the basal segment of the left ventricular posterior wall and the mitral valve (in right parasternal long-axis echocardiography) were considered to suffer from MAD.

Results: Four hundred three dogs were included in the study. Seven dogs exhibited MAD. All MAD dogs had MMVD. No normal dogs exhibited MAD. The overall prevalence of MAD was 1.7%. The prevalence of MAD in dogs with MMVD was 2.5%. The prevalence of MAD in dogs with mitral valve prolapse was also 2.5%. No MAD dogs exhibited arrhythmias. The presence of MAD was associated with lower body weight.

Study limitations: Single-operator bias and evolving diagnostic criteria for MAD in people complicate the interpretation of study results.

Conclusions: Mitral annular disjunction is uncommon in dogs referred for cardiac evaluation and could only be identified in dogs suffering from MMVD. No arrhythmias were found in MAD dogs.

简介/目的：二尖瓣环分离（MAD）在人类中很常见，与二尖瓣黏液瘤性疾病（MMVD）、二尖瓣脱垂和心律失常有关。它在狗身上的描述很少，其流行程度尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定MAD在一群接受心脏检查的狗中的患病率。动物、方法和材料：共筛选415只犬。在一年多的时间里，研究人员前瞻性地招募了接受心脏评估的狗。记录年龄、品种、体重、心电图和超声心动图。左心室后壁基底段与二尖瓣之间的收缩连续性丧失（右胸骨旁长轴超声心动图）被认为患有MAD。结果：300只狗被纳入研究。7只狗表现出了MAD。所有疯狗都有MMVD。没有正常的狗表现出MAD。MAD的总患病率为1.7%。MMVD犬中MAD的患病率为2.5%。二尖瓣脱垂犬的MAD患病率也为2.5%。没有疯狗出现心律失常。MAD的存在与较低的体重有关。研究局限性：单操作者偏倚和不断发展的人类MAD诊断标准使研究结果的解释复杂化。结论：二尖瓣环分离在接受心脏评估的犬中并不常见，只能在患有MMVD的犬中发现。MAD犬未见心律失常。

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引用次数: 0

Echocardiographic findings of a valvular aortic cyst in a dog 犬瓣主动脉囊肿的超声心动图表现

IF 1.5 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.06.006

I. Badric, N. Schreiber, M. Baron Toaldo

A 12-year-old, 19.8-kg, female neutered Nova Scotia Duck Tolling retriever was referred for investigation of a heart murmur. The dog was asymptomatic at the time of examination. On cardiac auscultation, a soft (2/6) diastolic heart murmur, louder at the left cardiac base, was present. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography revealed a cyst-like structure attached to the aortic valve leaflets. Doppler examination showed that the cyst was fluid-filled and connected to the aortic and ventricular lumen. A moderate aortic valve insufficiency was also present. The left heart was mildly dilated. An echocardiography was repeated eight months later, and no relevant progression of the lesion was noted. The dog remained asymptomatic. An aortic cyst is an unusual congenital or acquired condition described in humans, but never reported previously in a dog.

一只12岁，19.8公斤，雌性绝育的新斯科舍省鸭子寻回犬被转介进行心脏杂音的调查。狗在检查时无症状。心脏听诊，可见软性（2/6）舒张期心脏杂音，在左心底更响。二维经胸超声心动图显示一个囊肿样结构附着在主动脉瓣小叶上。多普勒检查显示囊肿充满液体并与主动脉腔和心室腔相连。中度主动脉瓣功能不全。左心轻度扩张。8个月后复查超声心动图，未见病变相关进展。这只狗没有症状。主动脉囊肿是一种罕见的先天性或后天疾病，在人类中有过描述，但在狗身上从未有过报道。

引用次数: 0

Measurement and estimation of normal mitral annular size using computed tomography in 248 small-breed dogs 248只小品种犬正常二尖瓣环大小的计算机断层测量与估计

IF 1.5 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.06.005

S. Shimano , K. Yamamoto , Y. Goto-Koshino , H. Tomiyasu , T. Mizuno

Introduction/Objectives

Surgical mitral valve repair is gaining recognition as an essential treatment option for dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease despite the lack of established criteria for suture annuloplasty. Therefore, measuring normal mitral annular size in small-breed dogs without heart abnormalities may help determine the appropriate target annular size.

Animals, Materials and Methods

Dogs weighing <10 kg without evidence of heart disease that underwent three-phase computed tomography (CT) under anesthesia were retrospectively collected. Mitral annular measurements including trigone-to-trigone distance (TT) and the fourth thoracic vertebral body length (T4) were measured using multiplanar reformatting. The correlations between mitral annular measurements and body size, including body weight (BW) and T4, were examined. The regression equations for estimating annular circumference (AC) were then calculated.

Results

The study population comprised 248 dogs weighing 1.2–9.9 kg. Mean values (±standard deviation) of TT and AC were 1.56 (±0.27) and 5.81 (±0.95) cm, respectively. All annular measurements presented a correlation coefficient >0.7 with both BW and T4. Regression equations using BW, T4, and TT explained the AC in our population with sufficient coefficients of determination, with values of 0.68, 0.65, and 0.80, respectively.

Study Limitations

Synchronous electrocardiogram recordings were not available in this study, and the use of electrocardiogram-gated CT may provide a more accurate assessment.

Conclusions

Mitral annular size was strongly correlated with BW and T4 in small-breed dogs. A normal AC can be estimated through regression equations using BW, T4, or TT. The TT calculated using CT images is the most valuable index for accurate estimation.

前言/目的尽管缝合环成形术缺乏既定标准，但外科二尖瓣修复作为二尖瓣黏液瘤病犬的基本治疗选择正得到越来越多的认可。因此，在没有心脏异常的小型犬中测量正常二尖瓣环的大小可能有助于确定合适的目标二尖瓣环大小。动物、材料和方法回顾性收集体重10kg、无心脏疾病的犬在麻醉下行三相计算机断层扫描（CT）。二尖瓣环测量包括三角区至三角区距离（TT）和第四胸椎体长度（T4）采用多平面重构测量。检查二尖瓣环测量与体重（BW）和T4之间的相关性。然后计算了环形周长（AC）的回归方程。结果研究人群包括248只体重1.2-9.9公斤的狗。TT和AC的平均值（±标准差）分别为1.56（±0.27）cm和5.81（±0.95）cm。所有环空测量值与BW和T4的相关系数均为>；0.7。使用BW、T4和TT的回归方程解释了我们人群中的AC，具有足够的决定系数，分别为0.68、0.65和0.80。研究局限性本研究中没有同步心电图记录，使用心电图门控CT可能提供更准确的评估。结论小品种犬二尖瓣环大小与BW、T4密切相关。正常AC可以通过使用BW、T4或TT的回归方程来估计。利用CT图像计算出的TT是准确估计的最有价值的指标。

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引用次数: 0

Post-traumatic interventricular septal hematoma in a dog 犬创伤后室间隔血肿

IF 1.5 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2025.06.003

L. Moretto , M. Dennler , N. Schreiber , M. Baron Toaldo

A six-year-old, neutered male, Airedale terrier with craniocerebral injury and shock after being hit by a car developed post-traumatic arrhythmia, which persisted after hemodynamic and neurological stabilization. Cardiac troponin I was markedly elevated. Transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography angiography revealed an interventricular septal lesion, compatible with a myocardial splitting and intramural hematoma formation. The cardiac lesion resolved almost completely during the following weeks. About one year after initial presentation, the dog was referred with signs of right-sided congestive heart failure, thin and inhomogeneous interventricular septum, dilated cardiac chambers, and pulmonary artery, compatible with pulmonary hypertension, likely secondary to the left heart disease. Eventually the dog was euthanized due to poor response to medical therapy, approximately one year after his first decompensation. Interventricular septal hematomas are rare events in people, usually associated with cardiac surgery, trauma, or acute myocardial ischemia. This is the first dog described with a post-traumatic septal hematoma that has been extensively documented by means of echocardiography and cross-sectional imaging.

一只6岁的绝育雄性Airedale梗犬，在被汽车撞击后颅脑损伤和休克，出现创伤后心律失常，在血液动力学和神经系统稳定后仍持续存在。心肌肌钙蛋白I明显升高。经胸超声心动图和计算机断层血管造影显示室间隔病变，符合心肌分裂和壁内血肿形成。在接下来的几周内，心脏病变几乎完全消退。初次就诊后一年左右，犬出现右侧充血性心力衰竭，室间隔薄且不均匀，心腔扩张，肺动脉扩张，伴肺动脉高压，可能继发于左心疾病。最终，由于对药物治疗反应不佳，这只狗在第一次失代偿后大约一年被安乐死。室间隔血肿在人类中是罕见的事件，通常与心脏手术、创伤或急性心肌缺血有关。这是第一个被描述为创伤后室间隔血肿的狗，已经通过超声心动图和横断面成像广泛记录。

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引用次数: 0