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Can exercise kill tumors? 运动能杀死肿瘤吗?
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101001
Abel Plaza-Florido, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Natalia Yanguas-Casás, Tomàs Pinós, Carmen Fiuza-Luces, Alejandro Lucia
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引用次数: 0
Effects of caloric restriction with different doses of exercise on fat loss in people living with type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the DOSE-EX randomized clinical trial. 限制热量和不同剂量的运动对 2 型糖尿病患者减脂的影响:DOSE-EX 随机临床试验的二次分析。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100999
Mark P P Lyngbæk,Grit E Legaard,Nina S Nielsen,Cody Durrer,Thomas P Almdal,Morten Asp Vonsild Lund,Benedikte Liebetrau,Caroline Ewertsen,Carsten Lauridsen,Thomas P J Solomon,Kristian Karstoft,Bente K Pedersen,Mathias Ried-Larsen
BACKGROUNDFat loss mainly conveys the benefits of caloric restriction for people living with type 2 diabetes. The literature is equivocal regarding whether exercise facilitates fat loss during caloric restriction. This analysis aimed to assess the dose-response effects of exercise in combination with a caloric restriction on fat mass (FM) and FM percentage (FM%) in persons with diagnosed type 2 diabetes.METHODSIn this secondary analysis of a 4-armed randomized trial, 82 persons living with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated to the control group (CON) (n = 21), diet control (DCON) (25% caloric restriction; n = 20), diet control and exercise 3 times per week (MED) (n = 20), or diet control and exercise 6 times per week (HED) (n = 21) for 16 weeks. The primary analysis was the change in FM% points. Secondary analyses included fat-free mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (cm3).RESULTSFM% decreased compared to CON by a mean difference of -3.5% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): -5.6% to -1.4%), -6.3% (95%CI: -8.4% to -4.1%), and -8.0% (95%CI: -10.2% to -5.8%) for DCON, MED, and HED, respectively. Compared to DCON, MED and HED decreased FM% by -2.8% (95%CI: -4.9% to -0.7%) and -4.5% (95%CI: -6.6% to -2.4%), respectively. The difference in FM% between HED and MED was -1.8% (95%CI: -3.9% to 0.4%). DCON and MED decreased fat-free mass compared to CON, whereas HED preserved fat-free mass (-0.2% (95%CI: -2.0% to 1.7%)). Compared to CON, VAT volume decreased by -666.0 cm3 (95%CI: -912.8 cm3 to -385.1 cm3), -1264.0 (95%CI: -1679.6 cm3 to -655.9 cm3), and -1786.4 cm3 (95%CI: -2264.6 cm3 to -1321.2 cm3) more for DCON, MED, and HED, respectively. HED decreased VAT volume more than DCON (-1120.4 cm3 (95%CI: -1746.6 cm3 to -639.4 cm3)) while the remaining comparisons did not reveal any differences.CONCLUSIONAll interventions were superior in reducing FM% compared to standard care. Adding exercise to a caloric restriction was superior in reducing FM% compared to a caloric restriction alone.
背景:对于 2 型糖尿病患者来说,减脂主要体现在限制热量摄入方面。关于在限制热量摄入的过程中运动是否能促进脂肪减少,相关文献的研究结果并不一致。本分析旨在评估运动结合热量限制对确诊 2 型糖尿病患者脂肪量(FM)和脂肪百分比(FM%)的剂量反应效应。方法在对一项四臂随机试验进行的二次分析中,82 名 2 型糖尿病患者被随机分配到对照组(CON)(n = 21)、饮食控制组(DCON)(限制 25% 热量;n = 20)、饮食控制和每周锻炼 3 次组(MED)(n = 20)或饮食控制和每周锻炼 6 次组(HED)(n = 21),为期 16 周。主要分析指标为 FM% 分数的变化。DCON、MED和HED的无脂肪质量和内脏脂肪组织(VAT)体积(立方厘米)与CON相比分别下降了-3.5%(95%置信区间(95%CI):-5.6%至-1.4%)、-6.3%(95%CI:-8.4%至-4.1%)和-8.0%(95%CI:-10.2%至-5.8%),平均差异为-3.5%(95%置信区间(95%CI):-5.6%至-1.4%)、-6.3%(95%CI:-8.4%至-4.1%)和-8.0%(95%CI:-10.2%至-5.8%)。与DCON相比,MED和HED的FM%分别下降了-2.8%(95%CI:-4.9%至-0.7%)和-4.5%(95%CI:-6.6%至-2.4%)。HED和MED的去脂率差异为-1.8%(95%CI:-3.9%至0.4%)。与CON相比,DCON和MED减少了去脂质量,而HED保留了去脂质量(-0.2%(95%CI:-2.0%至1.7%))。与CON相比,DCON、MED和HED的VAT体积分别减少了-666.0立方厘米(95%CI:-912.8立方厘米至-385.1立方厘米)、-1264.0立方厘米(95%CI:-1679.6立方厘米至-655.9立方厘米)和-1786.4立方厘米(95%CI:-2264.6立方厘米至-1321.2立方厘米)。HED 比 DCON 更能减少 VAT 体积(-1120.4 cm3 (95%CI: -1746.6 cm3 to -639.4 cm3)),而其余的比较则没有发现任何差异。与单独限制热量相比,在限制热量的基础上增加运动能更好地降低FM%。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of caloric restriction with different doses of exercise on fat loss in people living with type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the DOSE-EX randomized clinical trial. 限制热量和不同剂量的运动对 2 型糖尿病患者减脂的影响:DOSE-EX 随机临床试验的二次分析。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100999
Mark P P Lyngbæk, Grit E Legaard, Nina S Nielsen, Cody Durrer, Thomas P Almdal, Morten Asp Vonsild Lund, Benedikte Liebetrau, Caroline Ewertsen, Carsten Lauridsen, Thomas P J Solomon, Kristian Karstoft, Bente K Pedersen, Mathias Ried-Larsen

Background: Fat loss mainly conveys the benefits of caloric restriction for people living with type 2 diabetes. The literature is equivocal regarding whether exercise facilitates fat loss during caloric restriction. This analysis aimed to assess the dose-response effects of exercise in combination with a caloric restriction on fat mass (FM) and FM percentage (FM %) in persons with diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of a 4-armed randomized trial, 82 persons living with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated to the control group (CON) (n = 21), diet control (DCON) (25 % caloric restriction; n = 20), diet control and exercise 3 times per wk (MED) (n = 20), or diet control and exercise 6 times per wk (HED) (n = 21) for 16 wk. The primary analysis was the change in FM% points. Secondary analyses included fat-free mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (cm3).

Results: FM% decreased compared to CON by a mean difference of -3.5% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): -5.6% to -1.4%), -6.3% (95%CI: -8.4% to -4.1%), and -8.0% (95%CI: -10.2% to -5.8%) for DCON, MED, and HED, respectively. Compared to DCON, MED and HED decreased FM% by -2.8% (95%CI: -4.9% to -0.7%) and -4.5% (95%CI: -6.6% to -2.4%), respectively. The difference in FM% between HED and MED was -1.8% (95%CI: -3.9% to 0.4%). DCON and MED decreased fat-free mass compared to CON, whereas HED preserved fat-free mass (-0.2% (95%CI: -2.0% to 1.7%)). Compared to CON, VAT volume decreased by -666.0 cm3 (95%CI: -912.8 cm3 to -385.1 cm3), -1264.0 (95%CI: -1679.6 cm3 to -655.9 cm3), and -1786.4 cm3 (95%CI: -2264.6 cm3 to -1321.2 cm3) more for DCON, MED, and HED, respectively. HED decreased VAT volume more than DCON (-1120.4 cm3 (95%CI: -1746.6 cm3 to -639.4 cm3)) while the remaining comparisons did not reveal any differences.

Conclusion: All interventions were superior in reducing FM% compared to standard care. Adding exercise to a caloric restriction was superior in reducing FM% compared to a caloric restriction alone.

背景:减脂主要体现了限制热量摄入对 2 型糖尿病患者的益处。关于运动是否能在限制热量的过程中促进脂肪减少,相关文献的研究结果并不一致。本分析旨在评估运动结合热量限制对确诊的 2 型糖尿病患者的脂肪量(FM)和脂肪百分比(FM%)的剂量反应效应:在这项四臂随机试验的二次分析中,82 名 2 型糖尿病患者被随机分配到对照组(CON)(n = 21)、饮食控制组(DCON)(限制 25% 热量;n = 20)、饮食控制和每周锻炼 3 次组(MED)(n = 20)或饮食控制和每周锻炼 6 次组(HED)(n = 21),为期 16 周。主要分析指标为 FM% 分数的变化。次要分析包括去脂质量和内脏脂肪组织(VAT)体积(cm3):DCON、MED和HED的FM%与CON相比分别下降了-3.5%(95%置信区间(95%CI):-5.6%至-1.4%)、-6.3%(95%CI:-8.4%至-4.1%)和-8.0%(95%CI:-10.2%至-5.8%)。与DCON相比,MED和HED的FM%分别下降了-2.8%(95%CI:-4.9%至-0.7%)和-4.5%(95%CI:-6.6%至-2.4%)。HED和MED的去脂率差异为-1.8%(95%CI:-3.9%至0.4%)。与CON相比,DCON和MED减少了去脂质量,而HED保留了去脂质量(-0.2%(95%CI:-2.0%至1.7%))。与CON相比,DCON、MED和HED的VAT体积分别减少了-666.0立方厘米(95%CI:-912.8立方厘米至-385.1立方厘米)、-1264.0立方厘米(95%CI:-1679.6立方厘米至-655.9立方厘米)和-1786.4立方厘米(95%CI:-2264.6立方厘米至-1321.2立方厘米)。HED比DCON减少的VAT体积更多(-1120.4立方厘米(95%CI:-1746.6立方厘米至-639.4立方厘米)),而其余比较未显示任何差异:结论:与标准护理相比,所有干预措施在降低FM%方面都更有优势。结论:与标准护理相比,所有干预措施在降低 FM% 方面都更有优势。在限制热量摄入的基础上增加运动,在降低 FM% 方面要优于单独限制热量摄入。
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引用次数: 0
Multiscale hamstring muscle adaptations following 9 weeks of eccentric training. 9周偏心训练后腿筋肌肉的多尺度适应性。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100996
Max H Andrews, Anoosha Pai S, Reed D Gurchiek, Patricio A Pincheira, Akshay S Chaudhari, Paul W Hodges, Glen A Lichtwark, Scott L Delp

Background: Eccentric training, such as Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) training, is commonly used as a preventive measure for hamstring strains. Eccentric training is believed to induce lengthening of muscle fascicles and to be associated with the addition of sarcomeres in series within muscle fibers. However, the difficulty in measuring sarcomere adaptation in human muscles has severely limited information about the precise mechanisms of adaptation. This study addressed this limitation by measuring the multiscale hamstring muscle adaptations in response to 9 weeks of NHE training and 3 weeks of detraining.

Methods: Twelve participants completed 9 weeks of supervised NHE training, followed by a 3-week detraining period. We assessed biceps femoris long-head (BFlh) muscle fascicle length, sarcomere length, and serial sarcomere number in the central and distal regions of the muscle. Additionally, we measured muscle volume and eccentric strength at baseline, post-training, and post-detraining.

Results: NHE training over 9 weeks induced significant architectural and strength adaptations in the BFlh muscle. Fascicle length increased by 19% in the central muscle region and 33% in the distal muscle region. NHE also induced increases in serial sarcomere number (25% in the central region and 49% in the distal region). BFlh muscle volume increased by 8%, and knee flexion strength increased by 40% with training. Following 3 weeks of detraining, fascicle length decreased by 12% in the central region and 16% in the distal region along with reductions in serial sarcomere number.

Conclusion: Nine weeks of NHE training produced substantial, region-specific increases in BFlh muscle fascicle length, muscle volume, and force generation. The direct measurement of sarcomere lengths revealed that the increased fascicle length was accompanied by the addition of sarcomeres in series within the muscle fascicles.

背景:偏心训练,如北欧腿筋运动(NHE)训练,通常被用作腿筋拉伤的预防措施。偏心训练被认为可促使肌肉束延长,并与肌纤维内串联的肉肌增加有关。然而,由于难以测量人体肌肉中的肌节适应性,有关适应性精确机制的信息受到严重限制。本研究通过测量腿筋肌肉在接受 9 周 NHE 训练和 3 周脱离训练后的多尺度适应性,解决了这一局限性:方法:12 名参与者完成了为期 9 周的有指导的 NHE 训练,随后进行了为期 3 周的脱离训练。我们评估了股二头肌长头肌(BFlh)的肌束长度、肌节长度以及肌肉中央和远端区域的序列肌节数量。此外,我们还测量了基线、训练后和训练后的肌肉体积和偏心强度:结果:为期 9 周的 NHE 训练使 BFlh 肌肉的结构和力量发生了显著的适应性变化。中心肌肉区域的筋膜长度增加了 19%,远端肌肉区域的筋膜长度增加了 33%。NHE 还诱导了序列肌节数量的增加(中央区域增加 25%,远端区域增加 49%)。训练后,BFlh 肌肉体积增加了 8%,膝关节屈曲力量增加了 40%。经过 3 周的非训练后,中心区域的筋膜长度减少了 12%,远端区域的筋膜长度减少了 16%,同时序列肌节数量也减少了:结论:为期九周的 NHE 训练可显著增加 BFlh 肌束长度、肌肉体积和发力。对肌节长度的直接测量显示,随着筋束长度的增加,肌肉筋束内的串联肌节也随之增加。
{"title":"Multiscale hamstring muscle adaptations following 9 weeks of eccentric training.","authors":"Max H Andrews, Anoosha Pai S, Reed D Gurchiek, Patricio A Pincheira, Akshay S Chaudhari, Paul W Hodges, Glen A Lichtwark, Scott L Delp","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eccentric training, such as Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) training, is commonly used as a preventive measure for hamstring strains. Eccentric training is believed to induce lengthening of muscle fascicles and to be associated with the addition of sarcomeres in series within muscle fibers. However, the difficulty in measuring sarcomere adaptation in human muscles has severely limited information about the precise mechanisms of adaptation. This study addressed this limitation by measuring the multiscale hamstring muscle adaptations in response to 9 weeks of NHE training and 3 weeks of detraining.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve participants completed 9 weeks of supervised NHE training, followed by a 3-week detraining period. We assessed biceps femoris long-head (BFlh) muscle fascicle length, sarcomere length, and serial sarcomere number in the central and distal regions of the muscle. Additionally, we measured muscle volume and eccentric strength at baseline, post-training, and post-detraining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NHE training over 9 weeks induced significant architectural and strength adaptations in the BFlh muscle. Fascicle length increased by 19% in the central muscle region and 33% in the distal muscle region. NHE also induced increases in serial sarcomere number (25% in the central region and 49% in the distal region). BFlh muscle volume increased by 8%, and knee flexion strength increased by 40% with training. Following 3 weeks of detraining, fascicle length decreased by 12% in the central region and 16% in the distal region along with reductions in serial sarcomere number.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nine weeks of NHE training produced substantial, region-specific increases in BFlh muscle fascicle length, muscle volume, and force generation. The direct measurement of sarcomere lengths revealed that the increased fascicle length was accompanied by the addition of sarcomeres in series within the muscle fascicles.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Best practices for simultaneous measurement of NIRS-based cerebral and muscle oximetry during exercise. 在运动过程中同时测量基于近红外成像技术的大脑和肌肉血氧仪的最佳实践。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100997
Valentina Quaresima,Marco Ferrari,Felix Scholkmann
{"title":"Best practices for simultaneous measurement of NIRS-based cerebral and muscle oximetry during exercise.","authors":"Valentina Quaresima,Marco Ferrari,Felix Scholkmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of an accelerometer age- and sex-specific approach based on population-standardized values for physical activity surveillance: A proof of concept. 根据人口标准值开发针对不同年龄和性别的加速度计方法,用于体力活动监测:概念验证。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100995
Jairo H Migueles,Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez,Nicole M Butera,David R Bassett,Dana L Wolff-Hughes,Jennifer A Schrack,Pedro F Saint-Maurice,Eric J Shiroma
BACKGROUNDA shift from self-reports to wearable sensors for global physical activity (PA) surveillance has been recommended. The conventional use of a generic cut-point to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) is problematic as these cut-points are often derived from non-representative samples under non-ecological laboratory conditions. This study aimed to develop age- and sex-specific (age-sex) cut-points for MVPA based on population-standardized values as a feasible approach to assess the adherence to PA guidelines and to investigate its associations with all-cause mortality.METHODSA total of 7601 participants (20-85+ years) were drawn from the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Minutes per week of MVPA were assessed with a hip-worn accelerometer. Counts per minute (CPM) were used to define an age- and sex-specific target intensity, representing the intensity each person should be able to reach based on their age and sex. Age- and sex-specific MVPA cut-points were defined as any activity above 40% of the target intensity. These population- and free-living-based age-sex specific cut-points overcome many of the limitations of the standard generic cut-point approach. For comparison, we also calculated MVPA with a generic cut-point of 1952 CPM. Both approaches were compared for assessing adherence to PA guidelines and association of MVPA with all-cause mortality (ascertained through December 2015).RESULTSBoth approaches indicated that 37% of the sample met the 150+ min/week guideline. The generic cut-point approach showed a trend to inactivity with age, which was less pronounced using the age-sex cut-points. Overall mortality rates were comparable using generic cut-point (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.61, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.50‒0.73) or age-sex cut-points (HR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.50‒0.66) for the entire sample. The generic cut-point method revealed an age- and sex-related gap in the benefits of achieving 150+ min/week of MVPA, with older adults showing an 18% greater reduction in mortality rates than younger adults, and a larger difference in women than in men. This disparity disappeared when using age-sex-specific cut-points.CONCLUSIONOur findings underscore the value of age-sex cut-points for global PA surveillance. MVPA defined with age-sex thresholds was associated with all-cause mortality and the dose‒response was similar for all ages and sexes. This aligns with the single recommendation of accumulating 150+ min/week MVPA for all adults, irrespective of age and sex. This study serves as a proof of concept to develop this methodology for PA surveillance over more advanced open-source acceleration metrics and other national and international cohorts.
背景建议全球体力活动(PA)监测从自我报告转向可穿戴传感器。传统上使用通用切点来评估中强度体力活动(MVPA)是有问题的,因为这些切点通常是在非生态实验室条件下从非代表性样本中得出的。本研究旨在根据人群标准化值制定针对不同年龄和性别(年龄-性别)的 MVPA 切分点,以此作为一种可行的方法来评估 PA 指南的遵守情况,并研究其与全因死亡率的关系。每周进行 MVPA 的分钟数通过臀部佩戴的加速度计进行评估。每分钟计数(CPM)用于定义特定年龄和性别的目标强度,代表每个人根据其年龄和性别应达到的强度。针对不同年龄和性别的 MVPA 切点被定义为任何超过目标强度 40% 的活动。这些基于人口和自由生活的特定年龄和性别切点克服了标准通用切点方法的许多局限性。为了进行比较,我们还以 1952 CPM 的通用切点计算了 MVPA。结果两种方法都表明,37% 的样本符合 150 分钟/周以上的指导原则。通用切点法显示,随着年龄的增长,活动量呈下降趋势,而使用年龄-性别切点法时,这种趋势则不那么明显。使用通用切点法(危险比 (HR) = 0.61,95% 置信区间 (95%CI): 0.50-0.73)或年龄-性别切点法(HR = 0.57,95% 置信区间 (95%CI): 0.50-0.66)计算的整个样本的总死亡率相当。通用切点法显示,达到每周 150 分钟以上 MVPA 的益处存在年龄和性别差异,老年人的死亡率比年轻人降低 18%,女性的差异大于男性。我们的研究结果强调了年龄-性别切点在全球运动量监测中的价值。根据年龄-性别阈值定义的 MVPA 与全因死亡率相关,并且所有年龄和性别的剂量-反应相似。这与不分年龄和性别,所有成年人每周累积 150 分钟以上 MVPA 的单一建议相一致。这项研究证明了在更先进的开源加速度指标和其他国家及国际队列中开发这种方法进行运动量监测的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Comment on "Physical activity volume, intensity and life expectancy". 就 "体育活动量、强度与预期寿命 "发表评论。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100998
Barbara E Ainsworth,Zeyun Feng
{"title":"Comment on \"Physical activity volume, intensity and life expectancy\".","authors":"Barbara E Ainsworth,Zeyun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142449262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of short- and long-term exercise training on cancer cells in vitro: Insights into the mechanistic associations. 短期和长期运动训练对体外癌细胞的影响:对机理关联的见解。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100994
Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R Taaffe, Daniel A Galvão, Robert U Newton

Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment, providing several benefits. Moreover, exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence, as well as with improving survival, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that the acute effects of a single exercise session can suppress the growth of various cancer cell lines in vitro. This suppression is potentially due to altered concentrations of hormones (e.g., insulin) and cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6) after exercise. These factors, known to be involved in tumorigenesis, may explain why exercise is associated with reduced cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. However, the effects of short- (<8 weeks) and long-term (≥8 weeks) exercise programs on cancer cells have been reported with mixed results. Although more research is needed, it appears that interventions incorporating both exercise and diet seem to have greater inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both apparently healthy subjects as well as in cancer patients. Although speculative, these suppressive effects on cancer cells may be driven by changes in body weight and composition as well as by a reduction in low-grade inflammation often associated with sedentary behavior, low muscle mass, and excess fat mass in cancer patients. Taken together, such interventions could alter the systemic levels of suppressive circulating factors, leading to a less favorable environment for tumorigenesis. While regular exercise and a healthy diet may establish a more cancer-suppressive environment, each acute bout of exercise provides a further "dose" of anticancer medicine. Therefore, integrating regular exercise could potentially play a significant role in cancer management, highlighting the need for future investigations in this promising area of research.

运动是治疗癌症的一种方法,具有多种益处。此外,运动还能降低罹患各种癌症及其复发的风险,并提高生存率,尽管其潜在机制仍不清楚。临床前和临床证据表明,单次运动的急性效应可抑制体外各种癌细胞株的生长。这种抑制作用可能是由于运动后激素(如胰岛素)和细胞因子(如肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素6)浓度的改变。这些已知与肿瘤发生有关的因素可能解释了为什么运动与降低癌症发病率、复发率和死亡率有关。然而,运动对癌症的短期(或长期)影响并不明显。
{"title":"Effects of short- and long-term exercise training on cancer cells in vitro: Insights into the mechanistic associations.","authors":"Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R Taaffe, Daniel A Galvão, Robert U Newton","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment, providing several benefits. Moreover, exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence, as well as with improving survival, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that the acute effects of a single exercise session can suppress the growth of various cancer cell lines in vitro. This suppression is potentially due to altered concentrations of hormones (e.g., insulin) and cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6) after exercise. These factors, known to be involved in tumorigenesis, may explain why exercise is associated with reduced cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. However, the effects of short- (<8 weeks) and long-term (≥8 weeks) exercise programs on cancer cells have been reported with mixed results. Although more research is needed, it appears that interventions incorporating both exercise and diet seem to have greater inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both apparently healthy subjects as well as in cancer patients. Although speculative, these suppressive effects on cancer cells may be driven by changes in body weight and composition as well as by a reduction in low-grade inflammation often associated with sedentary behavior, low muscle mass, and excess fat mass in cancer patients. Taken together, such interventions could alter the systemic levels of suppressive circulating factors, leading to a less favorable environment for tumorigenesis. While regular exercise and a healthy diet may establish a more cancer-suppressive environment, each acute bout of exercise provides a further \"dose\" of anticancer medicine. Therefore, integrating regular exercise could potentially play a significant role in cancer management, highlighting the need for future investigations in this promising area of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of older age and/or ACL injury on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and immediate load-induced change in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. 高龄和/或十字韧带损伤对动态负荷大小与血清软骨低聚基质蛋白即时负荷诱导变化之间剂量-反应关系的影响。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993
Simon Herger, Corina Nüesch, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Christian Egloff, Annegret Mündermann

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the influence of older vs. younger age and previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on resting serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP[tpre]) concentration, on immediate load-induced sCOMP kinetics after a 30-min treadmill walking stress (∆_sCOMP[tpost]), and on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and ∆_sCOMP(tpost).

Methods: A total of 85 participants were recruited in 4 groups (20-30 years: 24 healthy, 23 ACL-injured; 40-60 years: 23 healthy, 15 ACL-injured). Blood samples were collected immediately before and after a walking stress at 80%, 100%, or 120% bodyweight (BW) on 3 test days and analyzed for sCOMP concentration. Linear models were used to estimate the effect of age, knee status (unilateral ACL injury, 2-10 years prior), and sex on sCOMP(tpre), ∆_sCOMP(tpost)), and the dose-response between ambulatory load magnitude and ∆_sCOMP(tpost).

Results: We found that sCOMP(tpre) was 21% higher in older than younger participants (p < 0.001) but did not differ between ACL-injured and healthy participants (p = 0.632). Also, ∆_sCOMP(tpost) was 19% lower in older than younger participants (p = 0.030) and increased with body mass index (p < 0.001), sCOMP(tpre) (p = 0.008), and with 120%BW (p < 0.001), independent of age, ACL injury, or sex.

Conclusion: Age but not prior ACL injury influences resting sCOMP and load-induced sCOMP. The dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and load-induced sCOMP changes is not affected by age, ACL injury, or sex. A better understanding of systemic sCOMP and the role of its mechanoresponse for the understanding of osteoarthritis pathophysiology and monitoring intervention efficacy may require knowledge of individual cartilage composition and tissue-level loading parameters.

目的:本研究旨在评估年龄较大与较小以及前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤对静息血清软骨寡聚基质蛋白(sCOMP(tpre))浓度、30 分钟跑步机行走应力(Δ_sCOMP(tpost))后即时负荷诱导的 sCOMP 动力学以及流动负荷大小与Δ_sCOMP(tpost)之间的剂量反应关系的影响:共招募了 85 名参与者,分为 4 组(20-30 岁:24 名健康者,23 名前交叉韧带损伤者;40-60 岁:23 名健康者,15 名前交叉韧带损伤者)。在3个测试日,分别在80%、100%或120%体重(BW)的步行压力前后采集血液样本,并分析其sCOMP浓度。我们使用线性模型估计了年龄、膝关节状况(单侧前交叉韧带损伤,2-10 年前)和性别对 sCOMP(tpre)、∆_sCOMP(tpost)的影响,以及流动负荷大小与 ∆_sCOMP(tpost) 之间的剂量反应:结果:我们发现,年龄较大的参与者的 sCOMP(tpre) 比年龄较小的参与者高 21%(p < 0.001),但前交叉韧带损伤者和健康参与者之间没有差异(p = 0.632)。此外,老年参与者的 ∆_sCOMP(tpost) 比年轻参与者低 19% (p = 0.030),并随体重指数(p < 0.001)、sCOMP(tpre) (p = 0.008)和 120%BW (p < 0.001)的增加而增加,与年龄、前交叉韧带损伤或性别无关:结论:年龄而非前交叉韧带损伤会影响静息 sCOMP 和负荷诱导 sCOMP。动态负荷大小与负荷诱导的 sCOMP 变化之间的剂量反应关系不受年龄、前交叉韧带损伤或性别的影响。要想更好地了解全身sCOMP及其机械反应的作用,以了解骨关节炎的病理生理学并监测干预效果,可能需要了解个体软骨成分和组织级负荷参数。
{"title":"Effect of older age and/or ACL injury on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and immediate load-induced change in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein.","authors":"Simon Herger, Corina Nüesch, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Christian Egloff, Annegret Mündermann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the influence of older vs. younger age and previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on resting serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP[t<sub>pre</sub>]) concentration, on immediate load-induced sCOMP kinetics after a 30-min treadmill walking stress (∆_sCOMP[t<sub>post</sub>]), and on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 85 participants were recruited in 4 groups (20-30 years: 24 healthy, 23 ACL-injured; 40-60 years: 23 healthy, 15 ACL-injured). Blood samples were collected immediately before and after a walking stress at 80%, 100%, or 120% bodyweight (BW) on 3 test days and analyzed for sCOMP concentration. Linear models were used to estimate the effect of age, knee status (unilateral ACL injury, 2-10 years prior), and sex on sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>), ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>)), and the dose-response between ambulatory load magnitude and ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>) was 21% higher in older than younger participants (p < 0.001) but did not differ between ACL-injured and healthy participants (p = 0.632). Also, ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>) was 19% lower in older than younger participants (p = 0.030) and increased with body mass index (p < 0.001), sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>) (p = 0.008), and with 120%BW (p < 0.001), independent of age, ACL injury, or sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age but not prior ACL injury influences resting sCOMP and load-induced sCOMP. The dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and load-induced sCOMP changes is not affected by age, ACL injury, or sex. A better understanding of systemic sCOMP and the role of its mechanoresponse for the understanding of osteoarthritis pathophysiology and monitoring intervention efficacy may require knowledge of individual cartilage composition and tissue-level loading parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
GEPREP: A comprehensive data atlas of RNA-seq-based gene expression profiles of exercise responses. GEPREP:基于 RNA-seq 的运动反应基因表达谱综合数据图谱。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100992
Lei Sun, Jinwen Luan, Jinbiao Wang, Xiaoli Li, Wenqian Zhang, Xiaohui Ji, Longhua Liu, Ru Wang, Bingxiang Xu

Background: Physical activity can regulate and affect gene expression in multiple tissues and cells. Recently, with the development of next-generation sequencing, a large number of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)-based gene expression profiles about physical activity have been shared in public resources; however, they are poorly curated and underutilized. To tackle this problem, we developed a data atlas of such data through comprehensive data collection, curation, and organization.

Methods: The data atlas, termed gene expression profiles of RNA-seq-based exercise responses (GEPREP), was built on a comprehensive collection of high-quality RNA-seq data on exercise responses. The metadata of each sample were manually curated. Data were uniformly processed and batch effects corrected. All the information was well organized in an easy-to-use website for free search, visualization, and download.

Results: GEPREP now includes 69 RNA-seq datasets of pre- and post-exercise, comprising 26 human datasets (1120 samples) and 43 mouse datasets (1006 samples). Specifically, there were 977 (87.2 %) human samples of skeletal muscle and 143 (12.8 %) human samples of blood. There were also samples across 9 mice tissues with skeletal muscle (359, 35.7 %) and brain (280, 27.8 %) accounting for the main fractions. Metadata-including subject, exercise interventions, sampling sites, and post-processing methods-are also included. The metadata and gene expression profiles are freely accessible at http://www.geprep.org.cn/.

Conclusion: GEPREP is a comprehensive data atlas of RNA-seq-based gene expression profiles responding to exercise. With its reliable annotations and user-friendly interfaces, it has the potential to deepen our understanding of exercise physiology.

背景:体育锻炼可以调节和影响多种组织和细胞的基因表达。最近,随着新一代测序技术的发展,大量基于 RNA 序列(RNA-seq)的体育锻炼基因表达图谱已在公共资源中得到共享;然而,这些图谱的整理和利用率很低。为了解决这个问题,我们通过全面的数据收集、整理和组织,开发了此类数据的数据图集:该数据图谱被称为基于 RNA-seq 的运动反应基因表达谱(GEPREP),它建立在对高质量运动反应 RNA-seq 数据的全面收集之上。每个样本的元数据都经过人工编辑。数据经过统一处理和批次效应校正。所有信息都被精心组织在一个易于使用的网站上,供免费搜索、可视化和下载:GEPREP目前包括69个运动前后的RNA-seq数据集,其中有26个人类数据集(1120个样本)和43个小鼠数据集(1006个样本)。具体来说,有 977 份(87.2%)人类骨骼肌样本和 143 份(12.8%)人类血液样本。此外,还有 9 种小鼠组织的样本,其中骨骼肌(359 个,占 35.7%)和大脑(280 个,占 27.8%)是主要部分。元数据(包括受试者、运动干预、采样地点和后处理方法)也包括在内。元数据和基因表达谱可在 http://www.geprep.org.cn/.Conclusion 免费访问:GEPREP 是基于 RNA-seq 的基因表达图谱的运动反应综合数据图集。它具有可靠的注释和友好的用户界面,有望加深我们对运动生理学的理解。
{"title":"GEPREP: A comprehensive data atlas of RNA-seq-based gene expression profiles of exercise responses.","authors":"Lei Sun, Jinwen Luan, Jinbiao Wang, Xiaoli Li, Wenqian Zhang, Xiaohui Ji, Longhua Liu, Ru Wang, Bingxiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity can regulate and affect gene expression in multiple tissues and cells. Recently, with the development of next-generation sequencing, a large number of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)-based gene expression profiles about physical activity have been shared in public resources; however, they are poorly curated and underutilized. To tackle this problem, we developed a data atlas of such data through comprehensive data collection, curation, and organization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data atlas, termed gene expression profiles of RNA-seq-based exercise responses (GEPREP), was built on a comprehensive collection of high-quality RNA-seq data on exercise responses. The metadata of each sample were manually curated. Data were uniformly processed and batch effects corrected. All the information was well organized in an easy-to-use website for free search, visualization, and download.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GEPREP now includes 69 RNA-seq datasets of pre- and post-exercise, comprising 26 human datasets (1120 samples) and 43 mouse datasets (1006 samples). Specifically, there were 977 (87.2 %) human samples of skeletal muscle and 143 (12.8 %) human samples of blood. There were also samples across 9 mice tissues with skeletal muscle (359, 35.7 %) and brain (280, 27.8 %) accounting for the main fractions. Metadata-including subject, exercise interventions, sampling sites, and post-processing methods-are also included. The metadata and gene expression profiles are freely accessible at http://www.geprep.org.cn/.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GEPREP is a comprehensive data atlas of RNA-seq-based gene expression profiles responding to exercise. With its reliable annotations and user-friendly interfaces, it has the potential to deepen our understanding of exercise physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Journal of Sport and Health Science
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