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Decorin, an exercise-induced secretory protein, is associated with improved prognosis in breast cancer patients but does not mediate anti-tumorigenic tissue crosstalk in mice. 运动诱导分泌蛋白 Decorin 与乳腺癌患者预后的改善有关,但在小鼠体内并不介导抗肿瘤组织串联。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100991
Marit Hjorth, Casey L Egan, Guilherme D Telles, Martin Pal, David Gallego-Ortega, Oliver K Fuller, Emma D McLennan, Ryan D Gillis, Tae Gyu Oh, George E O Muscat, Surafel Tegegne, Michael Sm Mah, Joanna Skhinas, Emma Estevez, Timothy E Adams, Matthew J McKay, Mark Molloy, Kevin I Watt, Hongwei Qian, Paul Gregorevic, Thomas R Cox, Pernille Hojman, Julie Midtgaard, Jesper F Christensen, Martin Friedrichsen, Renato V Iozzo, Erica K Sloan, Brian G Drew, Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski, Martin Whitham, Mark A Febbraio

Background: Regular exercise can reduce incidence and progression of breast cancer, but the mechanisms for such effects are not fully understood.

Methods: We used a variety of rodent and human experimental model systems to determine whether exercise training can reduce tumor burden in breast cancer and to identify mechanism associated with any exercise training effects on tumor burden.

Results: We show that voluntary wheel running slows tumor development in the mammary specific polyomavirus middle T antigen overexpression (MMTV-PyMT) mouse model of breast cancer but only when mice are not housed alone. We identify the proteoglycan decorin as a contraction-induced secretory factor that systemically increases in patients with breast cancer immediately following exercise. Moreover, high expression of decorin in tumors is associated with improved prognosis in patients, while treatment of breast cancer cells in vitro with decorin reduces cell proliferation. Notwithstanding, when we overexpressed decorin in murine muscle or injected recombinant decorin systemically into mouse models of breast cancer, elevated plasma decorin concentrations did not result in higher tumor decorin levels and tumor burden was not improved.

Conclusion: Exercise training is anti-tumorigenic in a mouse model of luminal breast cancer, but the effect is abrogated by social isolation. The proteoglycan decorin is an exercise-induced secretory protein, and tumor decorin levels are positively associated with improved prognosis in patients. The hypothesis that elevated plasma decorin is a mechanism by which exercise training improves breast cancer progression in humans is not, however, supported by our pre-clinical data since elevated circulating decorin did not increase tumor decorin levels in these models.

背景:经常锻炼可以降低乳腺癌的发病率和恶化程度,但其作用机制尚不完全清楚:有规律的运动可以降低乳腺癌的发病率和进展,但这种作用的机制还不完全清楚:方法:我们使用多种啮齿动物和人类实验模型系统来确定运动训练是否能减轻乳腺癌的肿瘤负荷,并找出运动训练对肿瘤负荷产生影响的相关机制:结果:我们发现,在乳腺特异性多瘤病毒中间T抗原过表达(MMTV-PyMT)乳腺癌小鼠模型中,自主轮跑能减缓肿瘤的发展,但只有当小鼠不单独饲养时才会出现这种情况。我们发现蛋白多糖缀合素是一种收缩诱导的分泌因子,乳腺癌患者在运动后体内缀合素会立即增加。此外,肿瘤中多黏蛋白的高表达与患者预后的改善有关,而用多黏蛋白处理体外乳腺癌细胞可减少细胞增殖。尽管如此,当我们在小鼠肌肉中过表达去甲斑蝥素或在乳腺癌小鼠模型中全身注射重组去甲斑蝥素时,血浆中去甲斑蝥素浓度的升高并不会导致肿瘤中去甲斑蝥素水平的升高,肿瘤负荷也不会得到改善:结论:在腔隙性乳腺癌小鼠模型中,运动训练具有抗肿瘤作用,但这种作用会因社会隔离而减弱。蛋白多糖缀合素是一种运动诱导分泌蛋白,肿瘤缀合素水平与患者预后的改善呈正相关。然而,我们的临床前数据并不支持血浆缀合素升高是运动训练改善人类乳腺癌进展的机制这一假设,因为在这些模型中,循环中缀合素的升高并没有增加肿瘤缀合素的水平。
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引用次数: 0
Commentary on "The association of diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 85,545 alder Australians: A longitudinal study". 关于 "85,545 名桤木澳大利亚人的饮食质量和体力活动与心血管疾病和死亡率的关系:纵向研究"。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100990
Barbara E Ainsworth, Zeyun Feng
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引用次数: 0
Lower limb coordination patterns following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction:A longitudinal study: Longitudinal lower limb coordination patterns following ACLR. 前交叉韧带重建术后的下肢协调模式:纵向研究:前交叉韧带重建术后下肢协调模式的纵向研究。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100988
Cortney Armitano-Lago,Elizabeth Bjornsen,Caroline Lisee,Ashley Buck,Christin Büttner,Adam W Kiefer,Todd A Schwartz,Brian Pietrosimone
BACKGROUNDChanges in lower limb joint coordination have been shown to increase localized stress on knee joint soft tissue-a known precursor of osteoarthritis. While 50% of individuals who undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) develop radiographic osteoarthritis, it is unclear how underlying joint coordination during gait changes post-ACLR. The purpose of this study was twofold: to determine differences in lower limb coordination patterns during gait in ACLR individuals 2, 4, and 6 months post-ACLR and to compare the coordination profiles of the ACLR participants at each timepoint post-ACLR to uninjured matched controls.METHODSWe conducted a longitudinal assessment to quantify lower limb coordination at 3 timepoints post-ACLR and compared the ACLR coordination profiles to uninjured controls. Thirty-four ACLR (age = 21.43 ± 4.24 years, mean ± SD; 70.59% female) and 34 controls (age = 21.42 ± 3.43 years; 70.59% female) participated. The ACLR group completed 3 overground gait assessments (2,4, and 6 months post-ACLR), and the controls completed 1 assessment, at which lower limb kinematics were collected. Cross-recurrence quantification analysis was used to characterize sagittal and frontal plane ankle-knee, ankle-hip, and knee-hip coordination dynamics. Comprehensive general linear mixed models were constructed to compare between-limb and within-limb coordination outcomes over time post-ACLR and a between-group comparison across timepoints.RESULTSThe ACLR limb demonstrated a more "stuck" sagittal plane knee-hip coordination profile (greater trapping time (TT); p = 0.004) compared bilaterally. Between groups, the ACLR participants exhibited a more predictable ankle-knee coordination pattern (percent determinism (%DET); p < 0.05), stronger coupling between joints (meanline (MNLine)) across all segments (p < 0.05), and greater knee-hip TT (more "stuck"; p < 0.05) compared to the controls at each timepoint in the sagittal plane. Stronger frontal plane knee-hip joint coupling (MNLine) persisted across timepoints within the ACLR group compared to the controls (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe results indicate ACLR individuals exhibit a distinct and rigid coordination pattern during gait compared to controls within 6-month post-ACLR, which may have long-term implications for knee-joint health.
背景下肢关节协调性的变化已被证明会增加膝关节软组织的局部应力--这是已知的骨关节炎的前兆。接受前交叉韧带重建术(ACLR)的人中有 50%会发展成放射性骨关节炎,但目前还不清楚 ACLR 术后步态过程中潜在的关节协调性是如何变化的。本研究的目的有二:确定 ACLR 术后 2、4 和 6 个月时 ACLR 患者步态过程中下肢协调模式的差异,并将 ACLR 术后每个时间点的 ACLR 参与者的协调情况与未受伤的匹配对照组进行比较。34 名 ACLR(年龄 = 21.43 ± 4.24 岁,平均 ± SD;70.59% 为女性)和 34 名对照组(年龄 = 21.42 ± 3.43 岁;70.59% 为女性)参加了评估。ACLR 组完成了 3 次地面步态评估(ACLR 术后 2、4 和 6 个月),对照组完成了 1 次评估,并收集了下肢运动学数据。交叉复现量化分析用于描述矢状面和额面的踝-膝、踝-髋和膝-髋协调动态。结果:与双侧相比,前交叉韧带损伤肢体的矢状面膝髋关节协调状况更 "卡"(更长的困顿时间 (TT);P = 0.004)。在各组之间,与对照组相比,前交叉韧带重建肢体在矢状面的每个时间点都表现出更可预测的踝-膝协调模式(确定性百分比 (%DET);p < 0.05)、更强的所有节段关节间耦合(平均线 (MNLine))(p < 0.05)和更大的膝-髋 TT(更 "卡";p < 0.05)。结果表明,与对照组相比,前交叉韧带损伤后 6 个月内的前交叉韧带损伤患者在步态过程中表现出独特而僵硬的协调模式,这可能会对膝关节健康产生长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
Are changes in pain intensity related to changes in balance control in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 疼痛强度的变化与慢性非特异性腰背痛患者平衡控制能力的变化有关吗?系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100989
Daniel K Y Zheng,Jae Q J Liu,Jeremy R Chang,Jeffrey C Y Ng,Zhixing Zhou,Jinlong Wu,Chelsia K C Cheung,Frank F Huang,Sabina M Pinto,Dino Samartzis,Manuela L Ferreira,Kanchana Ekanayake,Stephen Lord,Xueqiang Wang,Arnold Y L Wong
PURPOSEThe aim of this study is to summarize the evidence regarding whether pain reduction in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) following conservative interventions is related to corresponding improvements in balance control.METHODSRandomized controlled trials were identified from 5 databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO). Two reviewers independently screened and identified relevant studies that investigated the effects of nonsurgical or nonpharmacological CNSLBP treatments on both pain intensity and balance control. Meta-regression analyses were performed to establish the associations between post-treatment changes in these 2 variables.RESULTS31 studies involving 1280 participants with CNSLBP were included. Moderate-quality evidence suggested that pain reduction was associated with and explained 34%-45% of decreases in body sway, as measured by center-of-pressure (CoP) area and CoP velocity with eyes open. However, no significant association was observed between pain reduction and CoP area or velocity in anteroposterior/mediolateral directions. Similarly, there was no significant association between pain reduction and CoP distance or radius. Low-quality evidence indicated that pain relief explained a 15% improvement in one-leg stance with eyes open but not in the eyes-closed condition. Additionally, very low-quality evidence suggested that pain relief explained a 44% decrease in the static anteroposterior stability index with eyes closed but not in the eyes-open, mediolateral, or overall conditions. Furthermore, low-quality evidence indicated that reduced pain was associated with and accounted for 25%-43% of the improved composite and posteromedial scores of the star-excursion balance test, rather than the anterior and posterolateral scores.CONCLUSIONDepending on the type of balance assessment, pain relief following conservative interventions may slightly to moderately enhance balance control in individuals with CNSLBP. Clinicians should pay close attention to the balance control in patients with CNSLBP, particularly among older adults.
目的本研究旨在总结有关慢性非特异性腰背痛(CNSLBP)患者在接受保守干预后疼痛减轻是否与平衡控制能力的相应改善有关的证据。方法从 5 个数据库(MEDLINE、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science 和 PsycINFO)中确定了随机对照试验。两名审稿人独立筛选并确定了相关研究,这些研究调查了非手术或非药物 CNSLBP 治疗对疼痛强度和平衡控制的影响。结果共纳入 31 项研究,涉及 1280 名 CNSLBP 患者。中等质量的证据表明,疼痛的减轻与身体摇摆的减少有关,并解释了身体摇摆减少的 34%-45% 的原因,身体摇摆是通过压力中心 (CoP) 面积和睁眼时的 CoP 速度测量的。然而,在疼痛减轻与前胸/中外侧方向的 CoP 面积或速度之间没有观察到明显的关联。同样,疼痛减轻与CoP距离或半径之间也无明显关联。低质量的证据表明,疼痛缓解可以解释睁眼时单腿站立15%的改善,而闭眼时则无法解释。此外,极低质量的证据表明,疼痛缓解可以解释闭眼状态下静态前后稳定性指数下降 44% 的原因,但在睁眼、内外侧或整体状态下则无法解释。此外,低质量证据表明,疼痛减轻与星形外展平衡测试的综合评分和后内侧评分的提高有关,占 25%-43% 的比例,而不是前侧和后外侧评分的提高。结论根据平衡评估的类型,保守干预后疼痛减轻可能会轻微至适度增强 CNSLBP 患者的平衡控制能力。临床医生应密切关注 CNSLBP 患者的平衡控制能力,尤其是老年人。
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引用次数: 0
Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels—An individual participant data meta-analysis 工人下班后是否应该进行体育锻炼?不同职业体力活动水平的业余体力活动与心血管疾病和全因死亡率的关系--个体参与者数据荟萃分析
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100987
Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A. Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P. Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Leila Luján-Barroso, Lars Alfredsson, Martin Bahls, Till Ittermann, Miriam Wanner, Matthias Bopp, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Schnohr, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Knut Eirik Dalene, Ulf Ekelund, Johan Clausen, Magnus T. Jensen, Christina Bjørk Petersen, Niklas Krause, Jos Twisk, Willem van Mechelen, Allard J. van der Beek
There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels. This study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels.
目前还没有足够的证据为不同职业体力活动水平的工人提供业余体力活动建议。本研究旨在评估不同职业体力活动水平的闲暇体力活动与心血管疾病和全因死亡率之间的关系。
{"title":"Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels—An individual participant data meta-analysis","authors":"Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A. Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P. Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Leila Luján-Barroso, Lars Alfredsson, Martin Bahls, Till Ittermann, Miriam Wanner, Matthias Bopp, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Schnohr, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Knut Eirik Dalene, Ulf Ekelund, Johan Clausen, Magnus T. Jensen, Christina Bjørk Petersen, Niklas Krause, Jos Twisk, Willem van Mechelen, Allard J. van der Beek","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100987","url":null,"abstract":"There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels. This study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of objectively measured and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness to predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies representing 35 cohorts and 3.8 million observations. 比较客观测量和估计的心肺功能,预测成人全因和心血管疾病死亡率:对代表 35 个队列和 380 万观察数据的 42 项研究进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100986
Ben Singh,Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez,Bruno G G da Costa,José Castro-Piñero,Jean-Philippe Chaput,Magdalena Cuenca-García,Carol Maher,Nuria Marín-Jiménez,Ryan McGrath,Pablo Molina-Garcí,Jonathan Myers,Bethany Gower,Francisco B Ortega,Justin J Lang,Grant R Tomkinson
BACKGROUNDCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful health marker recommended by the American Heart Association as a clinical vital sign. Comparing the predictive validity of objectively measured CRF (the "gold standard") and estimated CRF is clinically relevant because estimated CRF is more feasible. Our objective was to meta-analyze cohort studies to compare the associations of objectively measured, exercise-estimated, and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults.METHODSSystematic searches were conducted in 9 databases (MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library) up to April 11, 2024. We included full-text refereed cohort studies published in English that quantified the association (using risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs)) of objectively measured, exercise-estimated, and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and CVD mortality in adults. CRF was expressed as metabolic equivalents (METs) of task. Pooled relative risks (RR) for all-cause and CVD mortality per 1-MET (3.5 mL/kg/min) higher level of CRF were quantified using random-effects models.RESULTSForty-two studies representing 35 cohorts and 3,813,484 observations (81% male) (362,771 all-cause and 56,471 CVD deaths) were included. The pooled RRs for all-cause and CVD mortality per higher MET were 0.86 (95%CI: 0.83-0.88) and 0.84 (95%CI: 0.80-0.87), respectively. For both all-cause and CVD mortality, there were no statistically significant differences in RR per higher MET between objectively measured (RR range: 0.86-0.90) and maximal exercise-estimated (RR range: 0.85-0.86), submaximal exercise-estimated (RR range: 0.91-0.94), and non-exercise-estimated CRF (RR range: 0.81-0.85).CONCLUSIONObjectively measured and estimated CRF showed similar dose-response associations for all-cause and CVD mortality in adults. Estimated CRF could provide a practical and robust alternative to objectively measured CRF for assessing mortality risk across diverse populations. Our findings underscore the health-related benefits of higher CRF and advocate for its integration into clinical practice to enhance risk stratification.
背景心肺功能(CRF)是美国心脏协会推荐作为临床生命体征的一个强有力的健康指标。比较客观测量的心肺功能("黄金标准")和估计的心肺功能的预测有效性具有临床意义,因为估计的心肺功能更可行。我们的目标是对队列研究进行荟萃分析,比较客观测量的、运动估算的和非运动估算的 CRF 与成人全因死亡率和心血管疾病(CVD)死亡率之间的关系。方法截至 2024 年 4 月 11 日,我们在 9 个数据库(MEDLINE、SPORTDiscus、Embase、Scopus、PsycINFO、Web of Science、PubMed、CINAHL 和 Cochrane Library)中进行了系统检索。我们纳入了用英语发表的、量化了客观测量的、运动估算的和非运动估算的 CRF 与成人全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率的相关性(使用带有 95% 置信区间 (95%CIs) 的风险估计值)的经审阅的队列研究全文。CRF以任务的代谢当量(METs)表示。结果纳入了代表 35 个队列、3,813,484 名观察对象(81% 为男性)(362,771 例全因死亡和 56,471 例心血管疾病死亡)的 42 项研究,其中包括 35 个队列、3,813,484 名观察对象(81% 为男性)(362,771 例全因死亡和 56,471 例心血管疾病死亡)。MET越高,全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率的总RR分别为0.86(95%CI:0.83-0.88)和0.84(95%CI:0.80-0.87)。就全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率而言,客观测量值(RR 范围:0.86-0.90)与最大运动量估算值(RR 范围:0.85-0.86)、亚最大运动量估算值(RR 范围:0.91-0.94)和非运动量估算值(RR 范围:0.81-0.85)之间,每增加 1 MET 的死亡率在统计学上没有显著差异。在评估不同人群的死亡风险时,估算的 CRF 可作为客观测量 CRF 的一种实用而可靠的替代方法。我们的研究结果强调了较高的 CRF 对健康的益处,并主张将其纳入临床实践,以加强风险分层。
{"title":"Comparison of objectively measured and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness to predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies representing 35 cohorts and 3.8 million observations.","authors":"Ben Singh,Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez,Bruno G G da Costa,José Castro-Piñero,Jean-Philippe Chaput,Magdalena Cuenca-García,Carol Maher,Nuria Marín-Jiménez,Ryan McGrath,Pablo Molina-Garcí,Jonathan Myers,Bethany Gower,Francisco B Ortega,Justin J Lang,Grant R Tomkinson","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful health marker recommended by the American Heart Association as a clinical vital sign. Comparing the predictive validity of objectively measured CRF (the \"gold standard\") and estimated CRF is clinically relevant because estimated CRF is more feasible. Our objective was to meta-analyze cohort studies to compare the associations of objectively measured, exercise-estimated, and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults.METHODSSystematic searches were conducted in 9 databases (MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library) up to April 11, 2024. We included full-text refereed cohort studies published in English that quantified the association (using risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs)) of objectively measured, exercise-estimated, and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and CVD mortality in adults. CRF was expressed as metabolic equivalents (METs) of task. Pooled relative risks (RR) for all-cause and CVD mortality per 1-MET (3.5 mL/kg/min) higher level of CRF were quantified using random-effects models.RESULTSForty-two studies representing 35 cohorts and 3,813,484 observations (81% male) (362,771 all-cause and 56,471 CVD deaths) were included. The pooled RRs for all-cause and CVD mortality per higher MET were 0.86 (95%CI: 0.83-0.88) and 0.84 (95%CI: 0.80-0.87), respectively. For both all-cause and CVD mortality, there were no statistically significant differences in RR per higher MET between objectively measured (RR range: 0.86-0.90) and maximal exercise-estimated (RR range: 0.85-0.86), submaximal exercise-estimated (RR range: 0.91-0.94), and non-exercise-estimated CRF (RR range: 0.81-0.85).CONCLUSIONObjectively measured and estimated CRF showed similar dose-response associations for all-cause and CVD mortality in adults. Estimated CRF could provide a practical and robust alternative to objectively measured CRF for assessing mortality risk across diverse populations. Our findings underscore the health-related benefits of higher CRF and advocate for its integration into clinical practice to enhance risk stratification.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commentary on “Association of accelerometer-measured sleep duration and different intensities of physical activity with incident type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort study” 关于 "一项基于人群的队列研究中,加速度计测量的睡眠时间和不同强度的体力活动与 2 型糖尿病发病率的关系 "的评论
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100984
Barbara E. Ainsworth, Haili Tian
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引用次数: 0
Managing lower extremity loading in distance running by altering sagittal plane trunk leaning: Trunk lean: Redistribute loading in running. 通过改变矢状面躯干倾斜来控制长跑中的下肢负荷:躯干倾斜:重新分配跑步时的负荷。
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100985
Luca Braun,Patrick Mai,Markus Hipper,Yannick Denis,Janina Helwig,Bastian Anedda,Burkay Utku,Dominic Gehring,Steffen Willwacher
BACKGROUNDTrunk lean angle is an underrepresented biomechanical variable for modulating and redistributing lower extremity joint loading and potentially reducing the risk of running-related overuse injuries. The purpose of this study was to systematically alter the trunk lean angle in distance running using an auditory real-time feedback approach and to derive dose-response relationships between sagittal plane trunk lean angle and lower extremity (cumulative) joint loading to guide overuse load management in clinical practice.METHODSThirty recreational runners (15 males and 15 females) ran at a constant speed of 2.5 m/s at 5 systematically varied trunk lean conditions on a force-instrumented treadmill while kinematic and kinetic data were captured.RESULTSA change in trunk lean angle from -2° (extension) to 28° (flexion) resulted in a systematic increase in stance phase angular impulse, cumulative impulse, and peak moment at the hip joint in the sagittal and transversal plane. In contrast, a systematic decrease in these parameters at the knee joint in the sagittal plane and the hip joint in the frontal plane was found (p < 0.001). Linear fitting revealed that with every degree of anterior trunk leaning, the cumulative hip joint extension loading increases by 3.26 Nm·s/kg/1000 m, while simultaneously decreasing knee joint extension loading by 1.08 Nm·s/kg/1000 m.CONCLUSIONTrunk leaning can reduce knee joint loading and hip joint abduction loading, at the cost of hip joint loading in the sagittal and transversal planes during distance running. Modulating lower extremity joint loading by altering trunk lean angle is an effective strategy to redistribute joint load between/within the knee and hip joints. When implementing anterior trunk leaning in clinical practice, the increased demands on the hip musculature, dynamic stability, and the potential trade-off with running economy should be considered.
背景躯干倾角是一个未得到充分反映的生物力学变量,它可以调节和重新分配下肢关节负荷,并有可能降低与跑步相关的过度劳损风险。本研究的目的是利用听觉实时反馈方法系统地改变长跑中的躯干倾斜角,并得出矢状面躯干倾斜角与下肢(累积)关节负荷之间的剂量-反应关系,以指导临床实践中的过度使用负荷管理。结果躯干倾斜角度从-2°(伸展)到 28°(屈曲)的变化导致矢状面和横向面上站立阶段角冲量、累积冲量和髋关节峰值力矩的系统性增加。相反,在矢状面的膝关节和正面的髋关节处,这些参数出现了系统性下降(p < 0.001)。线性拟合结果显示,躯干前倾每增加一度,髋关节伸展负荷的累积值就会增加 3.26 Nm-s/kg/1000m,同时膝关节伸展负荷减少 1.08 Nm-s/kg/1000m。通过改变躯干倾斜角度来调节下肢关节负荷是在膝关节和髋关节之间/内部重新分配关节负荷的有效策略。在临床实践中实施躯干前倾时,应考虑到对髋关节肌肉组织、动态稳定性的更高要求,以及对跑步经济性的潜在权衡。
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引用次数: 0
Comment on “Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week: An analysis with 707,616 adolescents” 关于 "每周 1 天或更多天自我报告至少 60 分钟中强度体育活动的全球流行率和性别不平等:对 707 616 名青少年的分析" 发表评论
IF 11.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100983
Barbara E. Ainsworth, Haili Tian
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引用次数: 0
Are female athlete specific health considerations being assessed and addressed in preparticipation examinations? A scoping review and proposed framework. 女运动员的特殊健康考虑因素是否在赛前检查中得到了评估和解决?范围审查和拟议框架。
IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100981
Jenna M Schulz, Lois Pohlod, Samantha Myers, Jason Chung, Jane S Thornton

Background: Preparticipation examinations (PPEs) are unstandardized screening tools routinely used to collect an athlete's baseline health information prior to the start of a new competitive season. However, many PPEs include minimal and often nonspecific questions related to the health concerns of female athletes. A lack of female athlete specific health questions could result in missed red flags and subsequent injury or illness. As such, the objectives of this scoping review were to (a) determine what female athlete specific health questions currently exist in PPEs in the scientific literature to prevent injury and illness, and (b) map the results against the health domains outlined in the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement supplement on the female athlete.

Methods: We searched Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline Ovid, and SPORTDiscus from inception to December 2022. Any study with female athlete specific health PPE questions or recommendations for questions (i.e., menstrual health, eating habits, musculoskeletal health, etc.) was included. Three reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by full text articles for eligibility and data extraction, with conflicts resolved by a third-party reviewer. Extracted data were summarized into 3 determined groupings.

Results: Of the 1356 studies screened, 41 were included in this study. Forty studies (98%) included questions/recommendations related to menstrual health. Thirty-one studies (76%) had questions/recommendations concerning disordered eating/eating habits. Twenty-four studies (59%) referred to body weight/image, and 16 studies (39%) referred to musculoskeletal health. No studies included questions on all IOC female athlete health domains.

Conclusion: There is currently a gap in female athlete specific health content included in PPEs. A more comprehensive, standardized PPE with a focus on inclusion of female athlete specific health questions and considerations should be developed to improve health and optimal participation of female athletes around the world.

背景:参赛前检查(PPE)是一种未标准化的筛查工具,通常用于在新赛季开始前收集运动员的基本健康信息。然而,许多 PPE 只包含极少的、通常是非特定的与女运动员健康问题相关的问题。如果缺乏针对女运动员的健康问题,就可能会错过危险信号,进而导致伤病。因此,本次范围审查的目的是:(a) 确定目前科学文献中的体育运动项目中存在哪些针对女运动员的健康问题,以预防伤病;(b) 将审查结果与国际奥林匹克委员会(IOC)关于女运动员的共识声明补充中列出的健康领域进行对比:我们检索了从开始到 2022 年 12 月的 Embase、Scopus、CINAHL、Medline Ovid 和 SPORTDiscus。任何涉及女运动员特定健康 PPE 问题或问题建议(如月经健康、饮食习惯、肌肉骨骼健康等)的研究均被纳入其中。三位审稿人分别独立筛选标题和摘要,然后对文章全文进行资格审查和数据提取,并由第三方审稿人解决冲突问题。提取的数据归纳为 3 个确定的组别:在筛选出的 1356 项研究中,有 41 项被纳入本研究。40项研究(98%)包含与月经健康相关的问题/建议。31项研究(76%)提出了有关饮食失调/饮食习惯的问题/建议。24 项研究(59%)涉及体重/形象,16 项研究(39%)涉及肌肉骨骼健康。没有一项研究包含国际奥委会女运动员健康的所有领域:结论:目前,PPE 中包含的针对女运动员的健康内容还存在差距。应开发一种更全面、更标准化的 PPE,重点纳入针对女运动员的健康问题和注意事项,以改善世界各地女运动员的健康状况,使她们以最佳状态参赛。
{"title":"Are female athlete specific health considerations being assessed and addressed in preparticipation examinations? A scoping review and proposed framework.","authors":"Jenna M Schulz, Lois Pohlod, Samantha Myers, Jason Chung, Jane S Thornton","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preparticipation examinations (PPEs) are unstandardized screening tools routinely used to collect an athlete's baseline health information prior to the start of a new competitive season. However, many PPEs include minimal and often nonspecific questions related to the health concerns of female athletes. A lack of female athlete specific health questions could result in missed red flags and subsequent injury or illness. As such, the objectives of this scoping review were to (a) determine what female athlete specific health questions currently exist in PPEs in the scientific literature to prevent injury and illness, and (b) map the results against the health domains outlined in the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement supplement on the female athlete.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline Ovid, and SPORTDiscus from inception to December 2022. Any study with female athlete specific health PPE questions or recommendations for questions (i.e., menstrual health, eating habits, musculoskeletal health, etc.) was included. Three reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by full text articles for eligibility and data extraction, with conflicts resolved by a third-party reviewer. Extracted data were summarized into 3 determined groupings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1356 studies screened, 41 were included in this study. Forty studies (98%) included questions/recommendations related to menstrual health. Thirty-one studies (76%) had questions/recommendations concerning disordered eating/eating habits. Twenty-four studies (59%) referred to body weight/image, and 16 studies (39%) referred to musculoskeletal health. No studies included questions on all IOC female athlete health domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is currently a gap in female athlete specific health content included in PPEs. A more comprehensive, standardized PPE with a focus on inclusion of female athlete specific health questions and considerations should be developed to improve health and optimal participation of female athletes around the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Journal of Sport and Health Science
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