Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2023.2166871
E. Amissah, T. Adjei-Gyapong, Philip Antwi‐Agyei, Eric Asamoah, R. Abaidoo, E. Jeppesen, M. Andersen, E. Baidoo
Abstract Land use changes affect soil and biomass carbon sequestration potential of the agroecosystems of most Sub-Sahara Africa facing rising temperatures due to global climate change. One such ecosystem is the Owabi reservoir catchment in Ghana, which has undergone extensive changes in land use through urbanization. Our study aimed to determine the impact of the spatial and temporal variability of the different land uses on soil and biomass carbon storage in the Owabi catchment. Land use/cover maps were elaborated using SPOT satellite images of 30 × 30-m resolution and Erdas Imagine and ArcGIS Pro softwares. Soil and vegetation were sampled along three transects in the Y plane in early 2014. Nested plot design and temporary sample plots of 50 × 50 m were demarcated within a 1 ha plot in each of the land uses. Trees, herbs and litter were sampled to assess aboveground carbon, and soil samples were taken at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm depth. Belowground (root) biomass was calculated using the root:shoot ratio. Seven (7) land use types – dense forest, sparse forest, grassland, cropland, wetland, settlement, and excavated land – were identified and differences in carbon stocks were assessed. Soil carbon stock (0–30 cm) ranged from 51.80 Mg/ha in dense forest to 7.00 Mg/ha in excavated land. Our study showed that the conversion of forest lands to other land uses through excavation resulted in about 30-folds loss in carbon and also a major loss of carbon in the catchment from c. 1.4 × 106 Mg C in 1990 to 0.55 × 106 Mg C in 2014. Enhancing forests or growing trees to sequester carbon seems to be the optimum choice among the seven land uses if the introduction of payment for environmental services options is considered.
{"title":"Implications of changes in land use on soil and biomass carbon sequestration: a case study from the Owabi reservoir catchment in Ghana","authors":"E. Amissah, T. Adjei-Gyapong, Philip Antwi‐Agyei, Eric Asamoah, R. Abaidoo, E. Jeppesen, M. Andersen, E. Baidoo","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2023.2166871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2023.2166871","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Land use changes affect soil and biomass carbon sequestration potential of the agroecosystems of most Sub-Sahara Africa facing rising temperatures due to global climate change. One such ecosystem is the Owabi reservoir catchment in Ghana, which has undergone extensive changes in land use through urbanization. Our study aimed to determine the impact of the spatial and temporal variability of the different land uses on soil and biomass carbon storage in the Owabi catchment. Land use/cover maps were elaborated using SPOT satellite images of 30 × 30-m resolution and Erdas Imagine and ArcGIS Pro softwares. Soil and vegetation were sampled along three transects in the Y plane in early 2014. Nested plot design and temporary sample plots of 50 × 50 m were demarcated within a 1 ha plot in each of the land uses. Trees, herbs and litter were sampled to assess aboveground carbon, and soil samples were taken at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm depth. Belowground (root) biomass was calculated using the root:shoot ratio. Seven (7) land use types – dense forest, sparse forest, grassland, cropland, wetland, settlement, and excavated land – were identified and differences in carbon stocks were assessed. Soil carbon stock (0–30 cm) ranged from 51.80 Mg/ha in dense forest to 7.00 Mg/ha in excavated land. Our study showed that the conversion of forest lands to other land uses through excavation resulted in about 30-folds loss in carbon and also a major loss of carbon in the catchment from c. 1.4 × 106 Mg C in 1990 to 0.55 × 106 Mg C in 2014. Enhancing forests or growing trees to sequester carbon seems to be the optimum choice among the seven land uses if the introduction of payment for environmental services options is considered.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45199501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2023.2173655
C. Bateki, S. Wassie, A. Wilkes
Abstract The livestock sector in low- and middle-income countries could contribute significantly to reduce the rate of growth and/or the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions required to achieve the 1.5 °C target of the Paris Agreement. Yet, the sector is also expected to contribute to food and income security in these countries. Using an extensive dataset on the Ethiopian livestock sector, we assessed the potential of selected interventions to increase supply of animal source protein (ASP) and reduce GHG emissions intensity or absolute emissions at national level. The business as usual (BAU) scenario was modelled by extrapolating the historical trends observed during the base years (i.e. 2010 – 2020) to the period between 2021 and 2030. Four scenarios were modelled including structural changes in cattle herd (S1) and chicken flock (S3) composition, increased milk yields of dairy cattle (S2), and a combination of all strategies (S4). We found that the total ASP produced and supplied per capita, as well as total GHG emissions increased between 2021 and 2030 across all scenarios while emission intensities per unit ASP produced decreased. However, by 2030, the total GHG emissions in S1 (i.e. 146.7 MtCO2e) were lower than in the BAU scenario (i.e. 149.0 MtCO2e) while the total ASP supplied per capita was higher in the former (i.e. 6.84 kg) than the latter (i.e. 6.24 kg). These findings suggest that structural changes at herd level could reduce total GHG emissions and concomitantly increase ASP supply. Therefore, structural transformation could be a highly relevant policy option for low- and middle- income countries, where the livestock sector must address multiple goals including food and income security, and global climate commitments.
{"title":"The contribution of livestock to climate change mitigation: a perspective from a low-income country","authors":"C. Bateki, S. Wassie, A. Wilkes","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2023.2173655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2023.2173655","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The livestock sector in low- and middle-income countries could contribute significantly to reduce the rate of growth and/or the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions required to achieve the 1.5 °C target of the Paris Agreement. Yet, the sector is also expected to contribute to food and income security in these countries. Using an extensive dataset on the Ethiopian livestock sector, we assessed the potential of selected interventions to increase supply of animal source protein (ASP) and reduce GHG emissions intensity or absolute emissions at national level. The business as usual (BAU) scenario was modelled by extrapolating the historical trends observed during the base years (i.e. 2010 – 2020) to the period between 2021 and 2030. Four scenarios were modelled including structural changes in cattle herd (S1) and chicken flock (S3) composition, increased milk yields of dairy cattle (S2), and a combination of all strategies (S4). We found that the total ASP produced and supplied per capita, as well as total GHG emissions increased between 2021 and 2030 across all scenarios while emission intensities per unit ASP produced decreased. However, by 2030, the total GHG emissions in S1 (i.e. 146.7 MtCO2e) were lower than in the BAU scenario (i.e. 149.0 MtCO2e) while the total ASP supplied per capita was higher in the former (i.e. 6.84 kg) than the latter (i.e. 6.24 kg). These findings suggest that structural changes at herd level could reduce total GHG emissions and concomitantly increase ASP supply. Therefore, structural transformation could be a highly relevant policy option for low- and middle- income countries, where the livestock sector must address multiple goals including food and income security, and global climate commitments.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44726617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-11DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2023.2165162
Zhe Liu, I. Ahmad, Zainab Perveen, Shahzad Alvi
Abstract The developing countries rely heavily on imports of capital goods to spur economic growth. When the economy grows, energy consumption rises, adversely impacting climate change. The low levels of renewable energy share in total energy consumption, developing nations confront a difficult task in achieving the SDGs targets related to an increase in renewable energy share and access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy. Finding solutions to increase renewable energy usage is critical. International trade is an unavoidable part of development, prompting us to consider the impact of imports on renewable energy usage. This study explores the effects of imports of capital goods from China, EU and USA on renewable energy consumption in developing countries by using panel data from 20 countries spanning 2000–2018. It is found that capital goods imported from China in developing countries negatively impact renewable energy consumption while imports from EU have a positive impact on renewable energy consumption. However, in the case of US it is found negative but insignificant. The role of economic, social, and political globalization is explored, and it is found that three types of globalization are positively and significantly linked with renewable energy consumption. Thus, this study recommends that trade policies complement domestic efforts toward increasing renewable energy production and consumption in developing countries.
{"title":"Do the globalization and imports of capital goods from EU, US and China determine the use of renewable energy in developing countries?","authors":"Zhe Liu, I. Ahmad, Zainab Perveen, Shahzad Alvi","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2023.2165162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2023.2165162","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The developing countries rely heavily on imports of capital goods to spur economic growth. When the economy grows, energy consumption rises, adversely impacting climate change. The low levels of renewable energy share in total energy consumption, developing nations confront a difficult task in achieving the SDGs targets related to an increase in renewable energy share and access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy. Finding solutions to increase renewable energy usage is critical. International trade is an unavoidable part of development, prompting us to consider the impact of imports on renewable energy usage. This study explores the effects of imports of capital goods from China, EU and USA on renewable energy consumption in developing countries by using panel data from 20 countries spanning 2000–2018. It is found that capital goods imported from China in developing countries negatively impact renewable energy consumption while imports from EU have a positive impact on renewable energy consumption. However, in the case of US it is found negative but insignificant. The role of economic, social, and political globalization is explored, and it is found that three types of globalization are positively and significantly linked with renewable energy consumption. Thus, this study recommends that trade policies complement domestic efforts toward increasing renewable energy production and consumption in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-21DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2023.2217423
I. Perissi, Aled Jones
In the present study, for the first time, an effort sharing approach based on Inertia and Capability principles is proposed to assess European Union (EU27) carbon budget distribution among the Member States. This is done within the context of achieving the Green Deal objective and EU27 carbon neutrality by 2050. An in-depth analysis is carried out about the role of Economic Decoupling embedded in the Capability principle to evaluate the correlation between the expected increase of economic production and the level of carbon intensity in the Member States. As decarbonization is a dynamic process, the study proposes a simple mathematical model as a policy tool to assess and redistribute Member States carbon budgets as frequently as necessary to encourage progress or overcome the difficulties each Member State may face during the decarbonization pathways.
{"title":"Influence of economic decoupling in assessing carbon budget quotas for the European Union","authors":"I. Perissi, Aled Jones","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2023.2217423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2023.2217423","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, for the first time, an effort sharing approach based on Inertia and Capability principles is proposed to assess European Union (EU27) carbon budget distribution among the Member States. This is done within the context of achieving the Green Deal objective and EU27 carbon neutrality by 2050. An in-depth analysis is carried out about the role of Economic Decoupling embedded in the Capability principle to evaluate the correlation between the expected increase of economic production and the level of carbon intensity in the Member States. As decarbonization is a dynamic process, the study proposes a simple mathematical model as a policy tool to assess and redistribute Member States carbon budgets as frequently as necessary to encourage progress or overcome the difficulties each Member State may face during the decarbonization pathways.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44784968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2022.2144763
Ming-Chung Chang
Abstract This research aims to find the best carbon tax regime for the achievement of net-zero carbon emissions and promotion of social welfare level. We discuss two regimes in this study, including carbon tax on total social welfare level (CTTW) and carbon tax on single social welfare level (CTSW). Findings show that the best regime depends on product substitution and product price elasticity of demand. Industrial transformation not only causes changes in product substitution and product price elasticity of demand, but also makes these two regimes have different effects on the achievement of net-zero carbon emissions and promotion of social welfare level.
{"title":"Carbon tax effect difference on net-zero carbon emissions target and social welfare level promotion","authors":"Ming-Chung Chang","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2022.2144763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2022.2144763","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research aims to find the best carbon tax regime for the achievement of net-zero carbon emissions and promotion of social welfare level. We discuss two regimes in this study, including carbon tax on total social welfare level (CTTW) and carbon tax on single social welfare level (CTSW). Findings show that the best regime depends on product substitution and product price elasticity of demand. Industrial transformation not only causes changes in product substitution and product price elasticity of demand, but also makes these two regimes have different effects on the achievement of net-zero carbon emissions and promotion of social welfare level.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"581 - 593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47843122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2021.2022537
Xiying Luo, Ruimin Zhang, Wei Liu
Abstract Using sample firms from eight energy-intensive industries included in the State Council of China’s Notice on the Pilot Work of Carbon Emission Trading from 2015 to 2019, this study examines the relationship between environmental legitimacy pressure and impression management of carbon information disclosure, and explores the moderating effect of political connection on this relationship. The baseline results show that environmental legitimacy pressure is positively associated with impression management of carbon information disclosure, and political connection moderates this relationship, that is, the positive association between environmental legitimacy pressure and impression management of carbon information disclosure in politically-connected firms is stronger than that in non-politically-connected firms. The results are robust to various sensitivity tests. Further analyses show that (i) the positive association between environmental legitimacy pressure and impression management of carbon information disclosure in non-state owned enterprises (non-SOEs) is stronger than that in SOEs, (ii) firms facing higher negative environmental legitimacy pressure have stronger motivation to conduct impression management of carbon information disclosure, (iii) firms facing environmental legitimacy pressure conduct both selective disclosure and expressive manipulation but they have stronger motivation to conduct expressive manipulation. This study extends the literature on impression management of carbon information disclosure. The findings in this study provide policy implications not only for China but also for countries with large carbon emission.
{"title":"Environmental legitimacy pressure, political connection and impression management of carbon information disclosure","authors":"Xiying Luo, Ruimin Zhang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2021.2022537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2021.2022537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using sample firms from eight energy-intensive industries included in the State Council of China’s Notice on the Pilot Work of Carbon Emission Trading from 2015 to 2019, this study examines the relationship between environmental legitimacy pressure and impression management of carbon information disclosure, and explores the moderating effect of political connection on this relationship. The baseline results show that environmental legitimacy pressure is positively associated with impression management of carbon information disclosure, and political connection moderates this relationship, that is, the positive association between environmental legitimacy pressure and impression management of carbon information disclosure in politically-connected firms is stronger than that in non-politically-connected firms. The results are robust to various sensitivity tests. Further analyses show that (i) the positive association between environmental legitimacy pressure and impression management of carbon information disclosure in non-state owned enterprises (non-SOEs) is stronger than that in SOEs, (ii) firms facing higher negative environmental legitimacy pressure have stronger motivation to conduct impression management of carbon information disclosure, (iii) firms facing environmental legitimacy pressure conduct both selective disclosure and expressive manipulation but they have stronger motivation to conduct expressive manipulation. This study extends the literature on impression management of carbon information disclosure. The findings in this study provide policy implications not only for China but also for countries with large carbon emission.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"90 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48247007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2022.2135459
H. Black, M. S. Reed, H. Kendall, R. Parkhurst, N. Cannon, P. Chapman, Matthew Orman, J. Phelps, Hannah Rudman, Sarah Whalley, J. Yeluripati, G. Ziv
Abstract Soils have the potential to sequester and store significant amounts of carbon, contributing towards climate change mitigation. Soil carbon markets are emerging to pay farmers for management changes that absorb atmospheric carbon, governed by codes that ensure eligibility, additionality and permanence whilst protecting against leakage and reversals. This paper presents the first global comparative analysis of farmland soil carbon codes, providing new insights into the range of approaches governing this global marketplace. To do this, the paper developed an analytical framework for the systematic comparison of codes which was used to identify commonalities and differences in approaches, methods, administration, commercialisation and operations for 12 publicly available codes from around the world. Codes used a range of mechanisms to manage additionality, uncertainty and risks, baselines, measurement, reporting and verification, auditing, resale of carbon units, bundling and stacking, stakeholder engagement and market integrity. The paper concludes by discussing existing approaches and codes that could be adapted for use in the UK and evaluates the need for an over-arching standard for soil carbon codes in the UK and internationally, to which existing codes and other schemes already generating soil carbon credits could be assessed and benchmarked. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"What makes an operational farm soil carbon code? Insights from a global comparison of existing soil carbon codes using a structured analytical framework","authors":"H. Black, M. S. Reed, H. Kendall, R. Parkhurst, N. Cannon, P. Chapman, Matthew Orman, J. Phelps, Hannah Rudman, Sarah Whalley, J. Yeluripati, G. Ziv","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2022.2135459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2022.2135459","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Soils have the potential to sequester and store significant amounts of carbon, contributing towards climate change mitigation. Soil carbon markets are emerging to pay farmers for management changes that absorb atmospheric carbon, governed by codes that ensure eligibility, additionality and permanence whilst protecting against leakage and reversals. This paper presents the first global comparative analysis of farmland soil carbon codes, providing new insights into the range of approaches governing this global marketplace. To do this, the paper developed an analytical framework for the systematic comparison of codes which was used to identify commonalities and differences in approaches, methods, administration, commercialisation and operations for 12 publicly available codes from around the world. Codes used a range of mechanisms to manage additionality, uncertainty and risks, baselines, measurement, reporting and verification, auditing, resale of carbon units, bundling and stacking, stakeholder engagement and market integrity. The paper concludes by discussing existing approaches and codes that could be adapted for use in the UK and evaluates the need for an over-arching standard for soil carbon codes in the UK and internationally, to which existing codes and other schemes already generating soil carbon credits could be assessed and benchmarked. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"554 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43266897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2022.2135238
M. Gillenwater
Abstract Clearly defined principles are essential elements of GHG accounting and reporting guidelines, protocols, and standards to address the unavoidable expert judgments that must be applied to address ambiguities in these documents. The IPCC guidelines identify transparency, accuracy, completeness, (time series) consistency, and comparability as its foundational data quality principles. The principles of conservativeness, relevance, and comparability see varied use across major GHG accounting references. These differences in principles, especially with respect to the principle of comparability, indicate there are underlying problems with many GHG accounting protocols and standards now heavily referenced and applied.
{"title":"Examining the impact of GHG accounting principles","authors":"M. Gillenwater","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2022.2135238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2022.2135238","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Clearly defined principles are essential elements of GHG accounting and reporting guidelines, protocols, and standards to address the unavoidable expert judgments that must be applied to address ambiguities in these documents. The IPCC guidelines identify transparency, accuracy, completeness, (time series) consistency, and comparability as its foundational data quality principles. The principles of conservativeness, relevance, and comparability see varied use across major GHG accounting references. These differences in principles, especially with respect to the principle of comparability, indicate there are underlying problems with many GHG accounting protocols and standards now heavily referenced and applied.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"550 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47892966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2022.2074313
F. P. M. Dias, W. M. Leandro, P. Fernandes, F. Xavier
Abstract Agricultural expansion directly impacts the dynamics of organic carbon (C) in the soil. After land use change, agricultural systems with greater resilience of soil C stocks could be preferentially adopted. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of short-term conversion of grassland into different agricultural systems on soil organic C stocks and their resilience in a site-specific region of Brazilian Cerrado in the State of Goiás. The following systems were evaluated: pasture (PAST), no-tillage system (NT), four organic production systems (ORG) at different years of cultivation (2, 6, 8 and 10 years), and a continuous monoculture corn cropping system (CC). An area of native Cerrado (‘Savanna’, CE) was selected and sampled for use as a steady state reference point. Resilience of soil organic C was measured based on calculation of the C resilience index and C management index. Soil C stocks in the 0-0.40 m depth varied from 61 to 111 Mg ha−1 and were reduced by 33% when converting from CE to cultivation regardless of management system. The labile C contents varied from 425 to 900 mg kg−1, and increased when PAST soils were converted to ORG cultivation. The highest values of C resilience and management indexes occurred in the ORG-2 and ORG-6 soils, showing that organic systems can recover organic C levels in the soil faster than other agricultural systems. On the other hand, no-tillage system when converted from pasture presents the lowest potential of soil C resilience in short-term in the site-specific conditions of studied Cerrado of Goiás State.
农业扩张直接影响土壤有机碳(C)动态。土地利用变化后，可优先采用土壤碳储量弹性较大的农业系统。本研究的目的是确定在Goiás巴西塞拉多州的特定地点，草地短期转化为不同的农业系统对土壤有机碳储量及其恢复力的影响。对不同种植年限(2年、6年、8年和10年)的4种有机生产制度(ORG)和单作玉米连作制度(CC)进行了评价。塞拉多原生地区(“稀树草原”，CE)被选中并取样作为稳定状态参考点。在计算土壤有机碳恢复指数和碳管理指数的基础上，测定了土壤有机碳的恢复能力。0-0.40 m深度的土壤碳储量变化在61 ~ 111 Mg ha - 1之间，无论管理制度如何，从土壤碳转化为耕作的土壤碳储量都减少了33%。活性碳含量在425 ~ 900 mg kg - 1之间变化，在过去土壤转为有机栽培后，活性碳含量增加。土壤C恢复力和管理指标均以ORG-2和ORG-6土壤最高，说明有机系统比其他农业系统能更快地恢复土壤中的有机C水平。另一方面，在Goiás州塞拉多研究的立地特定条件下，免耕制度由牧场转化为土壤C的短期恢复潜力最低。
{"title":"Impact of short-term land-use change on soil organic carbon dynamics in transitional agro-ecosystems: a case study in the Brazilian Cerrado","authors":"F. P. M. Dias, W. M. Leandro, P. Fernandes, F. Xavier","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2022.2074313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2022.2074313","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Agricultural expansion directly impacts the dynamics of organic carbon (C) in the soil. After land use change, agricultural systems with greater resilience of soil C stocks could be preferentially adopted. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of short-term conversion of grassland into different agricultural systems on soil organic C stocks and their resilience in a site-specific region of Brazilian Cerrado in the State of Goiás. The following systems were evaluated: pasture (PAST), no-tillage system (NT), four organic production systems (ORG) at different years of cultivation (2, 6, 8 and 10 years), and a continuous monoculture corn cropping system (CC). An area of native Cerrado (‘Savanna’, CE) was selected and sampled for use as a steady state reference point. Resilience of soil organic C was measured based on calculation of the C resilience index and C management index. Soil C stocks in the 0-0.40 m depth varied from 61 to 111 Mg ha−1 and were reduced by 33% when converting from CE to cultivation regardless of management system. The labile C contents varied from 425 to 900 mg kg−1, and increased when PAST soils were converted to ORG cultivation. The highest values of C resilience and management indexes occurred in the ORG-2 and ORG-6 soils, showing that organic systems can recover organic C levels in the soil faster than other agricultural systems. On the other hand, no-tillage system when converted from pasture presents the lowest potential of soil C resilience in short-term in the site-specific conditions of studied Cerrado of Goiás State.","PeriodicalId":48941,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"238 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45018070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17583004.2022.2117082
R. Ghimire, D. Clay, S. Thapa, B. Hurd
Abstract By storing carbon (C), soil provide natural solutions to climate change. However, implementing C sequestration practices on a large scale is complex because sequestration rates vary with climatic conditions, soil types and agricultural management. Researchers face challenges identifying effective C sequestration practices in arid and semi-arid regions because precipitation limits plant biomass production. We discuss the “more carbon per drop” approach to enhance C sequestration in a water-limited environment. This approach emphasizes increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by enhancing water use efficiency and soil water storage. Agricultural strategies that increase the amount and diversity of C inputs, improve nutrient availability for crops, and minimize soil disturbance can simultaneously sequester soil C and enhance soil water storage. Strategies for enhancing SOC sequestration while increasing soil water storage could benefit farmers in arid and semi-arid regions because they can maintain a net-zero or net-negative C footprint. Therefore, implementing policies that promote SOC sequestration and soil water storage could provide natural climate solutions to the vast areas of the world facing water limitations. KEY POLICY HIGHLIGHTS SOC sequestration in a water-limited environment is challenging; more carbon per drop simultaneously increases SOC and soil water storage The social, economic, and cultural challenges of changing management practices for C sequestration could be addressed through a diverse set of incentives Incentivizing conventional SOC sequestration practices while investing in research and development of new frontier technologies could provide a win–win solution
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