Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology最新文献

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phenylketonuria (PKU) on mandibular bone structure by comparing the bone of PKU patients with healthy controls using fractal analysis (FA) and the radiomorphometric indices of mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI).

Study design: In total, 32 patients with PKU were analyzed and compared with the control participants. Regions of interest in panoramic radiographs were selected and the fractal dimension (FD) obtained from FA was calculated. MCW was defined as the cortical thickness of the inferior border of the mandible at the level of the mental foramen. MCI classified the endosteal edge of the mandibular cortex as C1: straight and sharp, C2: the presence lacunar resorption spaces, and C3: distinctly porous and severely eroded. The significance level was P < .05.

Results: All FD and MCW values were significantly lower in the PKU patients. The prevalence of C1 was significantly lower and prevalence of C2 was significantly higher in the PKU group.

Conclusions: The differences in FD and radiomorphometric indices between patients with PKU and healthy controls may indicate a potential impact of PKU on mandibular bone structure.

Objective: To make a clinical-biological characterization of this pathology and assess the survival of these patients and the associated prognostic factors.

Study design: A retrospective observational study was designed to identify primary extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the head and neck diagnosed between January 1, 2005, and January 1, 2016. Cases were considered if they presented with a single tumor in situ or if the extranodal component was clinically predominant.

Results: A total of 145 patients were included. Localized stages (I-II) were present in 69.3%. Overall, 91.8% were B-cell phenotype, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the most frequent. Overall, 78% of patients were treated with immunochemotherapy. The overall survival at 3 and 5 years was 75% and 73%, respectively. Adverse prognostic factors were: low hemoglobin, elevated ß2-microglobulin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), stage III/IV, and B symptomatology at diagnosis. The progression-free survival at 3 and 5 years was 71% and 68%. Risk factors for relapse were high ß2-microglobulin, high LDH, and stage III-IV at diagnosis.

Conclusions: These pathologies show a good response to treatment with immuno-polychemotherapy. Factors associated with a worse prognosis included low hemoglobin, elevated levels of ß2-microglobulin and LDH, elevated ECOG, stage III/IV, and B symptomatology at diagnosis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore coping strategies adopted by patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and investigate the reasons for delayed healthcare-seeking help STUDY DESIGN: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews based on the Semi-Structured Self-Regulatory Model (SRM) with participants diagnosed with advanced OSCC, between 2021 and 2023. The sample size was determined based on the saturation point. In this context, saturation refers to the point when no new issues emerge, signaling sufficient sample size. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using framework analysis.

Results: The sample consisted of 15 patients, 13 male and 2 female, aged between 52 and 80 years (mean 64.5, SD ± 7.5). Four types of coping strategies causing delayed help-seeking emerged: 1) self-medication, 2) seeking medical appointments, 3) abandoning consultations (or treatment), and 4) consulting general dental practitioners. Participants believed that the disease could heal spontaneously and did not consider seeking health help immediately. Socio-economic factors and lack of knowledge on the part of healthcare professionals may have influenced the delay in the diagnosis CONCLUSION: Patients with advanced OSCC demonstrated inadequate disease awareness, oral cancer knowledge, misdiagnosis, and insufficient referrals to specialized treatments.