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Thermal potential of a geothermal earth-to-air heat exchanger in six climatic conditions of México 青海6种气候条件下地热地空换热器的热势
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020016
M. Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. Xamán, Y. Chávez, I. Hernández-Pérez, E. Simá
In this paper, the thermal and ventilation potential of a geothermal Earth-to-Air Heat exchanger (EAHE) is studied for six weather in Mexico. The cities for the study and their climate were Villahermosa (hot-humid), Merida (hot-sub humid), Monterrey (dry), Juarez City (very dry), Zacualtipan-Hidalgo (warm-humid) and Mexico City (warm-sub-humid). The thermal behavior of the EAHE was modeled numerically for the corresponding warmest and coldest days of the year for each city and three values of Reynolds number. The 24 hrs simulations were carried out with an in-house code using data every 10 minutes. To get the results, 5,184 computational runs were necessary. The results showed that the EAHE has poor ventilation potential for climates with high levels of humidity such as Villahermosa, while for cities with low levels of humidity such as Chihuahua, the ventilation potential increases significantly, the rest of the cities fall in between. As for its application in Mexico, the results show that the EAHE is highly recommended for dry climates such as at the north of the country and not recommended for humid climates such as at the south and south-east of the country.
本文研究了墨西哥地热地空换热器(EAHE)在6个天气条件下的热风潜势。研究的城市及其气候是维拉埃尔莫萨(湿热)、梅里达(亚湿热)、蒙特雷(干燥)、华雷斯市(非常干燥)、扎卡阿尔蒂潘-伊达尔戈(温暖湿润)和墨西哥城(温暖亚湿润)。采用三种雷诺数数值模拟了各城市相应的最暖日和最冷日EAHE的热行为。24小时的模拟是用内部代码进行的,每10分钟使用一次数据。为了得到结果,需要5,184次计算运行。结果表明,对于比利亚赫莫萨等湿度较高的气候,EAHE的通风潜力较差,而对于奇瓦瓦等湿度较低的城市,EAHE的通风潜力显著增加,其余城市介于两者之间。对于其在墨西哥的应用,结果表明,EAHE在该国北部等干燥气候中非常推荐,而在该国南部和东南部等潮湿气候中不推荐。
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引用次数: 12
Experimental investigation into characterization and machining of Al + SiCp nano-composites using coated carbide tool 涂层硬质合金刀具制备Al + SiCp纳米复合材料的实验研究
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020015
P. Swain, K. D. Mohapatra, R. Das, A. Sahoo, A. Panda
The current research paper discusses the characterization and machining (turning) operation of aluminium (Al) and silicon carbide nano particle (SiCp) nano composite. The paper reveals proper distribution of silicon carbide nano particles (25nm) with aluminium metal matrix. Initially, tensile test has been carried on metal matrix nano composite to study its different properties. It was noticed that the properties of Al-SiCp increases by increasing the weight percentage of SiCp. Viker hardness test has also been conducted to find out the hardness of metal matrix nano composites. Different techniques i.e. Optical microscopy EDX-Analysis were utilized to find out various ingredients of the nano-composite material. The experimental study was carried out using Taguchi L16 orthogonal array by taking three different factors at four different levels each. The response parameters i.e. flank wear of coated carbide insert and surface roughness of Al-SiCp has been optimized by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Various graphs like main effect plot and normal probability plot have been plotted and studied properly. Different optical images of coated insert carbide tools (Insert CNMG 12040822TN 6010) at different runs were conducted to visualize the effects of process and response parameters. From the ANOVA table, it was found that cutting speed as well as depth of cut are found to the most vital parameters in influencing the responses for VBc and depth of cut and feed are found to the most significant parameters in influencing the responses for Ra.
本研究主要讨论了铝(Al)和碳化硅(SiCp)纳米复合材料的表征和加工(车削)操作。本文揭示了以铝为基体的25nm碳化硅纳米颗粒的合理分布。首先对金属基纳米复合材料进行拉伸试验,研究其不同的性能。结果表明,随着SiCp质量分数的增加,Al-SiCp的性能有所提高。对金属基纳米复合材料进行了硬度测试。利用不同的技术,如光学显微镜edx分析,找出纳米复合材料的各种成分。实验研究采用田口L16正交阵列,采用3个不同因子,各取4个不同水平。采用主成分分析(PCA)对涂层硬质合金刀片的侧面磨损和Al-SiCp表面粗糙度等响应参数进行了优化。绘制并研究了主效应图、正态概率图等各种图形。对硬质合金刀具(insert CNMG 12040822TN 6010)在不同运行状态下的不同光学图像进行了分析,以显示工艺参数和响应参数的影响。从方差分析表中可以发现,切削速度和切削深度是影响VBc响应的最重要参数,而切削深度和进料深度是影响Ra响应的最重要参数。
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引用次数: 16
A multiobjective optimization of journal bearing with double parabolic profiles and groove textures under steady operating conditions 稳定工况下双抛物型和沟槽结构滑动轴承的多目标优化
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020017
Chongpei Liu, Ning Zhong, Xi-qun Lu, Bin Zhao
The double parabolic profiles can help journal bearing to reduce bushing edge wear, but it also reduces load carrying capacity and increases friction loss. To overcome these drawbacks, in this study, a multiobjective optimization of journal bearing with double parabolic profiles and groove textures is researched under steady operating conditions using Taguchi and grey relational analysis methods. Firstly, a lubrication model with journal misalignment, elastic deformation, asperity contact, thermal effect is established and formation cause of drawbacks is illustrated. Then, an orthogonal test with considering six factors, i.e., groove number, groove depth, groove length, axial width of double parabolic profiles, radial height of double parabolic profiles and groove location is conducted, meanwhile the effects and significances of each factor on response variables are revealed. Finally, an optimal parameters combination of six factors is determined by grey relational analysis, which gives maximum load carrying capacity and minimum friction loss. Overall, this study may give guidance on journal bearing design to enhance its tribological performance.
双抛物线轮廓可以帮助轴颈轴承减少衬套边缘磨损,但也会降低承载能力,增加摩擦损失。为了克服这些缺点,本研究采用田口分析和灰色关联分析方法,研究了稳定工况下双抛物线型和沟槽结构滑动轴承的多目标优化问题。首先,建立了含轴颈错位、弹性变形、粗糙接触、热效应的润滑模型,并分析了缺陷的形成原因。然后,在考虑沟槽数、沟槽深度、沟槽长度、双抛物线型轴向宽度、双抛物线型径向高度和沟槽位置6个因素的情况下,进行正交试验,揭示各因素对响应变量的影响及意义。最后,通过灰色关联分析确定6个因素的最优参数组合,使承载能力最大,摩擦损失最小。研究结果可为提高滑动轴承的摩擦学性能提供指导。
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引用次数: 4
Planar tool radius compensation for CNC systems based on NURBS interpolation 基于NURBS插补的数控系统平面刀具半径补偿
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2019044
Jiangang Li, Qian Wang, Ganggang Zhong
This paper introduces the realization of a tool radius compensation algorithm for NURBS trajectory. First, a single-segment NURBS trajectory tool radius compensation algorithm is developed. Different from the straight line and arc trajectory, the self-intersection phenomenon is prone to happen when calculating a single NURBS tool center trajectory, and the self-intersection will cause the overcut of workpiece. To avoid this situation, the algorithm introduced in this paper can detect whether the NURBS tool center track has caused overcut, and deal with the self-processing. Second, the tool radius compensation algorithm with multi-segment NURBS trajectory is implemented. The focus of this part is the tool radius compensation of the trajectory transfer, and the trajectory transfer is divided into two types: the extension type and the shortened type. For the shortened type transfer, cross-processing is needed to avoid the overcut of workpiece at the transfer. When calculating the tool radius compensation of the shortened type, we not only need to find the intersection of the tool center trajectory of two adjacent NURBS curves, but also need to select the intersection we need when a number of intersections exist. For the extension type transfer, in order to ensure the continuity of the tool center trajectory, we need to extend the tool center trajectory or add arc-segment at the transfer. The proposed algorithm can automatically decide where to extend the tool center trajectory or add arc-segment to achieve the best efficiency. Finally, the algorithm can output the calculated NURBS tool center trajectory in the form of linear segment interpolation G code or NURBS interpolation G code according to the processing needs. Simulations on VERICUT and experiments on three-axis CNC machine tool shows the effectiveness and validation of the tool path compensation algorithm.
介绍了一种NURBS轨迹刀具半径补偿算法的实现。首先,提出了一种单段NURBS轨迹刀具半径补偿算法。与直线和圆弧轨迹不同,在计算单个NURBS刀具中心轨迹时容易发生自相交现象,自相交会造成工件过切。为了避免这种情况,本文介绍的算法能够检测出NURBS刀具中心轨迹是否造成过切,并进行自处理。其次,实现了多段NURBS轨迹的刀具半径补偿算法;该部分的重点是轨迹传递的刀具半径补偿,轨迹传递分为两种类型:扩展型和缩短型。对于缩短型转移,需要进行交叉加工,以避免工件在转移时的过切。在计算缩短型刀具半径补偿时,不仅需要找到两条相邻NURBS曲线的刀具中心轨迹的交点,而且需要在存在多个交点时选择我们需要的交点。对于延伸式传递,为了保证刀具中心轨迹的连续性,需要在传递处延长刀具中心轨迹或增加圆弧段。该算法可以自动决定在何处延长刀具中心轨迹或增加圆弧段,以达到最佳效率。最后,该算法可根据加工需要以线段插补G码或NURBS插补G码的形式输出计算得到的NURBS刀具中心轨迹。在VERICUT上的仿真和三轴数控机床上的实验验证了该算法的有效性和有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Experimental comparison of the seizure loads of gray iron journal bearing and aluminum alloy journal bearing under aligned and misaligned conditions 灰口铸铁轴颈轴承与铝合金轴颈轴承对中与不对中载荷的实验比较
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020038
Xiuli Zhang, Z. Yin, Qin Dong, Jun Cao
Materials, surface roughness of bearing and shaft, and journal misalignment affect the seizure load of journal bearing. To improve the load carrying capacity of bearing and obtain better friction pair, this paper studies experimentally the seizure loads of a gray iron journal bearing and two kinds of aluminum alloy journal bearings under both aligned and misaligned conditions. Three shafts are used to study the effects of journal surface roughness and DLC coating. The journal center locus is recorded. Results show that the combination of DLC coating and the aluminum alloy with lower hardness has the largest seizure load and inclined angle, followed by the combinations of DLC coating and gray iron, and 40Cr steel and gray iron. The surface roughness values of bearing and shaft have a considerable negative effect on seizure load, especially for aligned condition.
材料、轴承和轴的表面粗糙度以及轴颈不对中影响轴颈轴承的捕获载荷。为了提高轴承的承载能力,获得更好的摩擦副,本文对一种灰铁轴颈轴承和两种铝合金轴颈轴承在对准和不对准条件下的载荷进行了实验研究。用三个轴研究轴颈表面粗糙度和DLC涂层的影响。记录日志中心轨迹。结果表明:DLC涂层与硬度较低的铝合金组合的载荷和倾斜角最大,其次是DLC涂层与灰铸铁组合,40Cr钢与灰铸铁组合的载荷和倾斜角最大;轴承和轴的表面粗糙度值对夹持载荷有相当大的负面影响,特别是在对准条件下。
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引用次数: 1
Resonance track‐and‐dwell testing for crack length measurement on 304L stainless steel 304L不锈钢裂纹长度测量的共振轨迹和驻留测试
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020089
C. Gautrelet, L. Khalij, M. Machado
Experimental vibration-fatigue tests were conducted with sine resonance track‐and‐dwell (SRTD) tool by using an electrodynamic shaker on specimens made of 304L stainless steel. Due to cyclic fatigue resulting in stiffness loss, it can be found that the resonant frequency decreases when the specimen experiences substantial crack growth, especially for out-of-plane bending mode. The specimens were equipped by a crack propagation gauge (CPG) to monitor the crack growth. However, the presence of crack was detected late by these gauges. The deviation of the resonance frequency was therefore analysed from the time response measurements, and the results were confronted to the CPG measurements to conclude on the validity of the detection threshold provided by the literature.
在304L不锈钢试样上,利用电动激振器,采用正弦共振跟踪-停留(SRTD)工具进行了振动疲劳试验。由于循环疲劳导致刚度损失,当试件出现较大的裂纹扩展时,特别是在面外弯曲模式下,试件的共振频率降低。在试样上安装裂纹扩展计(CPG)以监测裂纹扩展情况。然而,裂纹的存在很晚才被这些仪表检测到。因此,从时间响应测量中分析共振频率的偏差,并将结果与CPG测量结果进行对比,得出文献提供的检测阈值的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
The influence of the shaft angle value on the normal stress and displacement repartition by bevel gear pairs − a TCA investigation 轴角值对锥齿轮副法向应力和位移重分配的影响- TCA研究
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/MECA/2020098
Sándor Bodzás
Five types of bevel gear pairs having straight teeth were designed to analyze the effect of the modification of the shaft angle. This angle is the parameter − subject of TCA. After the geometric design process and the creation and assembly of the CAD models, Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA) was performed in order to get the mechanical parameters focusing of the tooth roots of the connecting teeth. We repeated this process five times since the load torques were also changed. The received mechanical parameters on the teeth connection of the pinion and the driven gear were analyzed with taking in consideration all four-tooth root surfaces that limit the contacting teeth pair. Finally, we referred to the useful selection of the appropriate gear pair for the engineering application.
设计了5种直齿锥齿轮副,分析了轴角变化的影响。这个角度是TCA的参数主题。在完成几何设计过程和CAD模型的创建与装配后,进行齿接触分析(Tooth Contact Analysis, TCA),以获得连接齿齿根的力学参数聚焦。我们重复这个过程五次,因为负载扭矩也发生了变化。考虑限制接触齿对的所有四齿根面,对接收到的小齿轮与从动齿轮齿连接的力学参数进行了分析。最后,我们参考了工程应用中合适齿轮副的有用选择。
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引用次数: 0
Design and anylysis of gamma type Stirling engine 伽玛型斯特林发动机的设计与分析
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020062
D. J. Vahid, Hojjat Danandeh Oskouei
This article discusses how to design and manufacture a gamma type Stirling engine. The Stirling engine is an external combustion engine that does not produce any pollution. In this study, we studied the design and manufacturing of industrial Stirling engine. After designing and manufacturing all the parts, the designed Stirling engine has been launched by a 550-watt electric heater and has been tested in two uninsured and insulated modes. In non-insulated mode, the motor had a power of 68.69 watts with a yield of 12.66% and, when the motor is insulated, it had a power of 86.48 watts with a yield of 15.72%.
本文讨论了如何设计和制造伽玛型斯特林发动机。斯特林发动机是一种不产生任何污染的外燃机。本课题对工业斯特林发动机的设计与制造进行了研究。在设计和制造了所有部件之后,设计的斯特林发动机已经通过550瓦的电加热器启动,并在两种无保险和绝缘的模式下进行了测试。在非绝缘状态下,电机功率为68.69瓦,产量为12.66%;在绝缘状态下,电机功率为86.48瓦,产量为15.72%。
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引用次数: 1
Detection method of combustion oscillation characteristics under strong noise background 强噪声背景下燃烧振荡特性的检测方法
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020085
Yunkun Wei, Tianhong Zhang, Zhonglin Lin, Qiling Xie, Yan Zhang
After the lean fuel premixed combustion technology is applied to aero engines, severe combustion oscillations will be cased and led to hidden safety hazards such as engine vibration, further energy waste and other problems. Therefore, it is increasingly important to actively control combustion oscillations. In this paper, a multispectral radiation thermometry (MRT) is used to analyze the hydroxyl group, which is a measurable research object in the combustion chamber of an aero engine, and to fit the functional relationship between the radiation intensity ratio and the temperature in different bands. The theoretical value of the error is <2%. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of weak detection signal and excessive interference signal, an improved frequency domain filtering method based on fast Fourier transform is designed. Besides, the FPGA platform is used to ensure the real-time performance of the temperature measurement system, and simulations and experiments are performed. An oscillating signal with an oscillation frequency of 315 Hz is obtained on the established test platform, and the error is only 1.42%.
稀薄燃料预混燃烧技术应用于航空发动机后,会产生剧烈的燃烧振荡,导致发动机振动、进一步的能源浪费等安全隐患。因此,主动控制燃烧振荡变得越来越重要。本文采用多光谱辐射测温仪(MRT)对某型航空发动机燃烧室内的可测研究对象羟基进行了分析,拟合了不同波段辐射强度比与温度的函数关系。误差的理论值<2%。同时,为了解决检测信号微弱和干扰信号过多的问题,设计了一种基于快速傅立叶变换的改进频域滤波方法。此外,利用FPGA平台保证了温度测量系统的实时性,并进行了仿真和实验。在所建立的测试平台上获得了振荡频率为315 Hz的振荡信号,误差仅为1.42%。
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引用次数: 1
A mixed PGD-a priori time basis strategy for the simulation of cyclic transient thermal behavior 循环瞬态热行为模拟的混合pgd -先验时基策略
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/meca/2020082
A. A. Takash, M. Beringhier, M. Hammoud, J. Grandidier
The knowledge of the service life of polymers under cyclic loading, widely used in industrial applications, is required and usually based on the use of methods necessitating an accurate prediction of the stabilized cycle. This implies a large computation time using the Finite Element Method (FEM) since it requires a large number of cycles for polymers. To alleviate this difficulty, a model order reduction method can be used. In this paper, a mixed strategy is investigated. Through the Proper Generalized Decomposition Method (PGD) framework, this strategy combines the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to create a priori time basis and the FEM to compute the related spatial modes. The method is applied to 3D thermal problems under cyclic loadings. The robustness of the proposed strategy is discussed for various boundary conditions, multi-times, and different cyclic loadings. A large time saving is obtained proving the interest of this alternative strategy to deal with fatigue simulations.
在工业应用中广泛使用的聚合物在循环载荷下的使用寿命的知识是必需的,并且通常基于使用需要精确预测稳定周期的方法。这意味着使用有限元法(FEM)计算时间很长,因为它需要大量的聚合物循环。为了减轻这一困难,可以使用模型降阶方法。本文研究了一种混合策略。该策略通过适当的广义分解方法(PGD)框架,将快速傅里叶变换(FFT)建立先验时间基与有限元方法相结合,计算相关空间模态。将该方法应用于循环载荷作用下的三维热问题。讨论了该策略在各种边界条件、多次循环载荷和不同循环载荷下的鲁棒性。结果表明,该方法在处理疲劳仿真时节省了大量的时间。
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引用次数: 0
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