Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Interactive effects of social media use and puberty on resting-state cortical activity and mental health symptoms","authors":"Nathan M. Petro ,&nbsp;Giorgia Picci ,&nbsp;Lauren K. Webert ,&nbsp;Mikki Schantell ,&nbsp;Jake J. Son ,&nbsp;Thomas W. Ward ,&nbsp;Kellen M. McDonald ,&nbsp;Cooper L. Livermore ,&nbsp;Abraham D. Killanin ,&nbsp;Danielle L. Rice ,&nbsp;Grace C. Ende ,&nbsp;Anna T. Coutant ,&nbsp;Erica L. Steiner ,&nbsp;Tony W. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescence is a period of profound biopsychosocial development, with pubertally-driven neural reorganization as social demands increase in peer contexts. The explosive increase in social media access has fundamentally changed peer interactions among youth, creating an urgent need to understand its impact on neurobiological development and mental health. Extant literature indicates that using social media promotes social comparison and feedback seeking (SCFS) behaviors in youth, which portend increased risk for mental health disorders, but little is known about its impact on neurobiological development. We assessed social media behaviors, mental health symptoms, and spontaneous cortical activity using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in 80 typically developing youth (8–16 years) and tested how self-reported pubertal stage moderates their relationship. More mature adolescents who engaged in more SCFS showed weaker fusiform/parahippocampal alpha and medial prefrontal beta activity, and increased symptoms of anxiety and attention problems. Engaging in SCFS on social media during adolescence may thus relate to developmental differences in brain regions that undergo considerable development during puberty. These results are consistent with works indicating altered neurodevelopmental trajectories within association cortices surrounding the onset of many mental health disorders. Importantly, later pubertal stages may be most sensitive to the detrimental effects of social media use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 101479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between mesolimbic connectivity, and alcohol use from adolescence to adulthood","authors":"Angelica M. Morales ,&nbsp;Scott A. Jones ,&nbsp;Birgitta Carlson ,&nbsp;Dakota Kliamovich ,&nbsp;Joseph Dehoney ,&nbsp;Brooke L. Simpson ,&nbsp;Kalene A. Dominguez-Savage ,&nbsp;Kristina O. Hernandez ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Lopez ,&nbsp;Fiona C. Baker ,&nbsp;Duncan B. Clark ,&nbsp;David B. Goldston ,&nbsp;Beatriz Luna ,&nbsp;Kate B. Nooner ,&nbsp;Eva M. Muller-Oehring ,&nbsp;Susan F. Tapert ,&nbsp;Wesley K. Thompson ,&nbsp;Bonnie J. Nagel","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to limbic regions play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of substance use; however, the relationship between mesolimbic resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and alcohol use during development remains unclear. We examined the associations between alcohol use and VTA RSFC to subcortical structures in 796 participants (12–21 years old at baseline, 51 % female) across 9 waves of longitudinal data from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence. Linear mixed effects models included interactions between age, sex, and alcohol use, and best fitting models were selected using log-likelihood ratio tests. Results demonstrated a positive association between alcohol use and VTA RSFC to the nucleus accumbens. Age was associated with VTA RSFC to the amygdala and hippocampus, and an age-by-alcohol use interaction on VTA-globus pallidus connectivity was driven by a positive association between alcohol and VTA-globus pallidus RSFC in adolescence, but not adulthood. On average, male participants exhibited greater VTA RSFC to the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, caudate, hippocampus, globus pallidus, and thalamus. Differences in VTA RSFC related to age, sex, and alcohol, may inform our understanding of neurobiological risk and resilience for alcohol use and other psychiatric disorders</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Donde están? Hispanic/Latine inclusion, diversity and representation in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HBCD)","authors":"Florencia Anunziata ,&nbsp;Cynthia Cisneros ,&nbsp;Maria Isabella Natale Castillo ,&nbsp;Alexandra Perez ,&nbsp;Valeria Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Sheila De La Cruz ,&nbsp;Karla Estrada ,&nbsp;Abigaile Durbal ,&nbsp;Mishaska Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Lidia Enriquez Marquez ,&nbsp;Janet Nuñez ,&nbsp;Myriam Peralta-Carcelen ,&nbsp;Jessica Lee Wisnowski ,&nbsp;on behalf of the HBCD Spanish Language and Culture Committee","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. Central to its mission of reducing health disparities is the establishment of the Spanish Language and Culture Committee (SLCC) within the HBCD framework, a significant step towards demographic representation and inclusivity in research. By addressing linguistic and sociocultural barriers and embracing the diverse identities of Hispanic/Latine individuals nationwide, the SLCC aims to promote inclusion, equity, and representation of all Hispanic/Latine subgroups, a population that has been historically misrepresented in health research. In this paper we describe the role of the SLCC in advocating for Hispanic/Latine families within the study, ensuring their inclusion from inception. This report also provides an overview of the SLCC organization, workflow, challenges and lessons learned thus far to reduce stigma and improve study outcomes, highlighting recruitment and retention strategies for the Hispanic/Latine population, and expanding outreach to promote inclusion across diverse Hispanic/Latine subgroups in the United States.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between parental psychopathology and youth functional emotion regulation brain networks","authors":"Valerie Karl ,&nbsp;Dani Beck ,&nbsp;Espen Eilertsen ,&nbsp;Carmen Morawetz ,&nbsp;Thea Wiker ,&nbsp;Eira R. Aksnes ,&nbsp;Linn.B. Norbom ,&nbsp;Lia Ferschmann ,&nbsp;Niamh MacSweeney ,&nbsp;Irene Voldsbekk ,&nbsp;Ole A. Andreassen ,&nbsp;Lars T. Westlye ,&nbsp;Dylan G. Gee ,&nbsp;Haakon Engen ,&nbsp;Christian K. Tamnes","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental mental health is associated with children’s emotion regulation (ER) and risk for psychopathology. The relationship between parental psychopathology and children’s functional ER networks and whether connectivity patterns mediate the relationship between parent and youth psychopathology remains unexplored. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 4202, mean age = 10.0) and a multilevel approach, we analyzed the relationship between self-reported parental psychopathology and their offsprings’ connectivity of four ER networks, as well as associations with self-reported youth psychopathology at a 3-year follow-up. Parental internalizing and total problems were associated with 1) higher connectivity between a subcortical-cortical integrative and ventrolateral prefrontal cortical (PFC) network, 2) lower connectivity between dorsolateral and ventrolateral PFC networks involved in cognitive aspects of ER, and 3) lower connectivity within a subcortical ER network (<em>β</em> = −0.05–0.04). Parental externalizing and total problems were associated with lower connectivity within the integrative network (<em>β</em>_<em>ext</em> = −0.05; <em>β</em>_<em>tot</em> = −0.04). Mediation analyses yielded direct effects of parental to youth psychopathology, but no mediation effect of ER network connectivity. Overall, our results show that ER network connectivity in youth is related to parental psychopathology, yet do not explain intergenerational transmission of psychopathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A data integration method for new advances in development cognitive neuroscience","authors":"Kelsey L. Canada ,&nbsp;Tracy Riggins ,&nbsp;Simona Ghetti ,&nbsp;Noa Ofen ,&nbsp;Ana.M. Daugherty","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Combining existing datasets to investigate key questions in developmental cognitive neuroscience brings exciting opportunities and unique challenges. However, many data pooling methods require identical or harmonized methodologies that are often not feasible. We propose Integrative Data Analysis (IDA) as a promising framework to advance developmental cognitive neuroscience with secondary data analysis. IDA serves to test hypotheses by combining data of the same construct from commensurate (but not identical) measures. To overcome idiosyncrasies of neuroimaging data, IDA explicitly evaluates if measures across studies assess the same construct. Moreover, IDA allows investigators to examine meaningful individual variability by de-confounding source-specific differences. To demonstrate IDA’s potential, we explain foundational concepts, outline necessary steps, and apply IDA to volumetric measures of hippocampal subfields from 443 4- to 17-year-olds across three independent studies. We identified commensurate measures of Cornu Ammonis (CA) 1, dentate gyrus (DG)/CA3, and Subiculum (Sub). Model testing supported use of IDA to create IDA factor scores. We found age-related differences in DG/CA3, not but CA1 and Sub volume in the integrated dataset. By successfully demonstrating IDA, our hope is that future innovations come from the combination of existing neuroimaging data to create representative integrated samples when testing critical developmental questions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling the unique contributions of age, pubertal stage, and pubertal hormones to brain structure in childhood and adolescence","authors":"Mark Curtis ,&nbsp;John C. Flournoy ,&nbsp;Sridhar Kandala ,&nbsp;Ashley F.P. Sanders ,&nbsp;Michael P. Harms ,&nbsp;Adam Omary ,&nbsp;Leah H. Somerville ,&nbsp;Deanna M. Barch","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Puberty and associated changes in pubertal hormones influence structural brain development. Hormones such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and progesterone remain understudied, and it remains unclear how these aspects of puberty contribute uniquely to structural brain development. We used the Human Connectome Project in Development cross-sectional sample of 1304 youth (aged 5–21 years) to investigate unique contributions of sex, age, pubertal stage, DHEA, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone to cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume development within functionally-relevant networks. Sex and age explain the most unique variance in all three aspects of structural development. Pubertal stage and pubertal hormones uniquely contribute more to cortical surface area, compared to thickness. Among the pubertal hormones, progesterone contributed unique variance to surface area in the default mode network, as well as to thickness in the orbito-affective network. Pubertal mechanisms also contributed unique variance to subcortical volumes. This demonstrates unique relations of understudied pubertal hormones to brain structure development and may help understand risk for psychopathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101473"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing diversity in neuroimaging research: Participant-driven recommendations from a qualitative study of an under-represented sample","authors":"Kefan C. Wu ,&nbsp;Sunghyun Hong ,&nbsp;Fernanda L. Cross ,&nbsp;Isaiah Sypher ,&nbsp;Vonnie C. McLoyd ,&nbsp;Edward D. Huntley ,&nbsp;Luke W. Hyde ,&nbsp;Colter Mitchell ,&nbsp;Christopher S. Monk","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the generalizability of neuroimaging studies requires actively engaging participants from under-represented communities. This paper leverages qualitative data to outline participant-driven recommendations for incorporating under-represented populations in neuroimaging protocols. Thirty-one participants, who had participated in neuroimaging research or could be eligible for one as part of an ongoing longitudinal study, engaged in semi-structured one-on-one interviews (84 % under-represented ethnic-racial identities and low-income backgrounds). Through thematic analysis, we identified nine relevant research practices from participants' reports, highlighting aspects of their experience that they appreciated and suggestions for improvement: (1) forming a diverse research team comprising members with whom participants can interact as equals; (2) increasing accessibility to research by providing transportation and flexible scheduling; (3) providing family-oriented spaces; (4) enriching the campus visits to include optional on-campus activities to connect with the University; (5) developing safe strategies to accommodate participants with tattoos during the MRI; (6) incorporating engaging and interactive tasks during neuroimaging sessions; (7) providing small gifts, such as a picture of one’s brain, in addition to financial compensation; (8) sharing research findings with the research participants; and (9) fostering long-term bidirectional relationships. The findings may be used to develop best practices for enhancing participant diversity in future neuroimaging studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101474"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal Granger causal connectivity based on altered gray matter volume and associated neurotransmitters of adolescents with internet gaming disorder revealed by a multimodal neuroimaging study","authors":"Xiaoyu Niu ,&nbsp;Mengzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Gao ,&nbsp;Jinghan Dang ,&nbsp;Jieping Sun ,&nbsp;Qiuying Tao ,&nbsp;Yan Lang ,&nbsp;Weijian Wang ,&nbsp;Yarui Wei ,&nbsp;Shaoqiang Han ,&nbsp;Huayan Xu ,&nbsp;Yingkun Guo ,&nbsp;Jingliang Cheng ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although prior studies have revealed alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) among individuals with internet gaming disorder (IGD). The brain's multifaceted functions hinge crucially on the intricate connections and communication among distinct regions. However, the intricate interaction of information between brain regions with altered GMV and other regions, and how they synchronize with various neurotransmitter systems, remains enigmatic. Therefore, we aimed to integrate structural, functional and molecular data to explore the GMV-based Granger causal connectivity abnormalities and their correlated neurotransmitter systems in IGD adolescents. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was firstly performed to investigate GMV differences between 37 IGD adolescents and 35 matched controls. Brain regions with altered GMV were selected as seeds for further Granger causality analysis (GCA). Two-sample <em>t</em> tests were performed using the SPM12 toolkit to compare the GMV and Granger causal connectivity between IGD and control groups (GRF corrected, <em>P</em>_voxel&lt;0.005, <em>P</em>_cluster&lt;0.05). Then, GMV-based Granger causal connectivity was spatially correlated with PET- and SPECT-derived maps covering multifarious neurotransmitter systems. Multiple comparison correction was performed using false discovery rate (FDR). Compared with controls, IGD adolescents showed higher GMV in the caudate nucleus and lingual gyrus. For the GCA, IGD adolescents showed higher Granger causal connectivity from insula, putamen, supplementary motor area (SMA) and middle cingulum cortex (MCC) to the caudate nucleus, and lower Granger causal connectivity from superior/inferior parietal gyrus (SPG/IPG) and middle occipital gyrus (MOG) to the lingual gyrus. Besides, GMV-based Granger causal connectivity of IGD adolescents were associated with the dopaminergic, serotonergic, GABAergic and noradrenaline systems. This study revealed that the caudate nucleus and lingual gyrus may be the key sites of neuroanatomical changes in IGD adolescents, and whole-brain Granger causal connectivity abnormalities based on altered GMV involved large brain networks including reward, cognitive control, and visual attention networks, and these abnormalities are associated with a variety of neurotransmitter systems, which may be associated with higher reward sensitivity, cognitive control, and attention control dysfunction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A four-factor model of executive function: Predicting physical and academic outcomes from cognitive assessments in adolescents","authors":"Alejandro D. Meruelo ,&nbsp;Tommy Gunawan ,&nbsp;Michael L. Thomas ,&nbsp;Vijay A. Ramchandani","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impulsivity and cognitive function are essential for understanding behavioral regulation, particularly in relation to health-risk behaviors like substance use, physical activity, and academic performance. This study examined the factor structure underlying executive function in adolescents using the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. We explored how parental monitoring moderates, and peer network health and perceived stress mediate, relationships between cognitive function and outcomes such as BMI, physical activity, and academic performance. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on 2228 observations identified a four-factor model (BIC = −97.92, RMSEA = 0.040, TLI = 0.936), validated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (CFI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.055). Structural equation modeling (SEM) on 5902 observations showed that parental monitoring moderated Factor 1 (adaptive impulsivity) in relation to physical activity and academic performance, while peer network health mediated Factor 2 (emotional impulsivity) effects on BMI and physical activity. This model underscores the influence of peer relationships, parental involvement, and stress on cognitive, health, and academic outcomes, suggesting that interventions enhancing peer support, reducing stress, and promoting healthy behaviors may improve adolescent well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encoding models for developmental cognitive computational neuroscience: Promise, challenges, and potential","authors":"Tomoya Nakai ,&nbsp;Charlotte Constant-Varlet ,&nbsp;Jérôme Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive computational neuroscience has received broad attention in recent years as an emerging area integrating cognitive science, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence. At the heart of this field, approaches using encoding models allow for explaining brain activity from latent and high-dimensional features, including artificial neural networks. With the notable exception of temporal response function models that are applied to electroencephalography, most prior studies have focused on adult subjects, making it difficult to capture how brain representations change with learning and development. Here, we argue that future developmental cognitive neuroscience studies would benefit from approaches relying on encoding models. We provide an overview of encoding models used in adult functional magnetic resonance imaging research. This research has notably used data with a small number of subjects, but with a large number of samples per subject. Studies using encoding models also generally require task-based neuroimaging data. Though these represent challenges for developmental studies, we argue that these challenges may be overcome by using functional alignment techniques and naturalistic paradigms. These methods would facilitate encoding model analysis in developmental neuroimaging research, which may lead to important theoretical advances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}