Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience最新文献

Early childhood family threat and longitudinal amygdala-mPFC circuit development: Examining cortical thickness and gray matter-white matter contrast 童年早期的家庭威胁与杏仁核-前脑皮质回路的纵向发展：检查皮质厚度和灰质-白质对比

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101462

Early threat-associated cortical thinning may be interpreted as accelerated cortical development. However, non-adaptive processes may show similar macrostructural changes. Examining cortical thickness (CT) together with grey/white-matter contrast (GWC), a proxy for intracortical myelination, may enhance the interpretation of CT findings. In this prospective study, we examined associations between early life family-related threat (harsh parenting, family conflict, and neighborhood safety) and CT and GWC development from late childhood to middle adolescence. MRI was acquired from 4200 children (2069 boys) from the Generation R study at ages 8, 10 and 14 years (in total 6114 scans), of whom 1697 children had >1 scans. Linear mixed effect models were used to examine family factor-by-age interactions on amygdala volume, caudal and rostral anterior cingulate (ACC) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) CT and GWC. A neighborhood safety-by-age-interaction was found for rostral ACC GWC, suggesting less developmental change in children from unsafe neighborhoods. Moreover, after more stringent correction for motion, family conflict was associated with greater developmental change in CT but less developmental change in GWC. Results suggest that early threat may blunt ACC GWC development. Our results, therefore, do not provide evidence for accelerated threat-associated structural development of the amygdala-mPFC circuit between ages 8–14 years.

早期与威胁相关的皮质变薄可能被解释为皮质发育加速。然而，非适应过程也可能表现出类似的宏观结构变化。将皮质厚度（CT）与灰质/白质对比度（GWC）（皮质内髓鞘化的替代物）一起检查，可能会增强对 CT 结果的解释。在这项前瞻性研究中，我们研究了早期生活中与家庭相关的威胁（严厉的养育方式、家庭冲突和邻里安全）与儿童晚期至青春期中期的 CT 和 GWC 发展之间的关系。我们采集了R一代研究中4200名儿童（2069名男孩）8岁、10岁和14岁时的核磁共振成像（共6114次扫描），其中1697名儿童接受了>1扫描。线性混合效应模型用于研究家庭因素与年龄之间在杏仁核体积、前扣带回尾部和喙部以及内侧眶额皮层 CT 和 GWC 方面的相互作用。研究发现，喙状扣带回 GWC 与邻里安全存在年龄交互作用，这表明来自不安全邻里的儿童的发育变化较小。此外，在对运动进行更严格的校正后，家庭冲突与 CT 的较大发育变化相关，但与 GWC 的较小发育变化相关。结果表明，早期威胁可能会阻碍儿童听觉协调中心 GWC 的发展。因此，我们的研究结果并不能证明，在8-14岁期间，杏仁核-前额叶回路上与威胁相关的结构发展会加速。

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引用次数: 0

Measurement of emerging neurocognitive and language skills in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study 在 HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) 研究中测量新出现的神经认知和语言技能。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101461

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The study plans enrolling over 7000 families across 27 sites. This manuscript presents the measures from the Neurocognition and Language Workgroup. Constructs were selected for their importance in normative development, evidence for altered trajectories associated with environmental influences, and predictive validity for child outcomes. Evaluation of measures considered psychometric properties, brevity, and developmental and cultural appropriateness. Both performance measures and caregiver report were used wherever possible. A balance of norm-referenced global measures of development (e.g., Bayley Scales of Infant Development-4) and more specific laboratory measures (e.g., deferred imitation) are included in the HBCD study battery. Domains of assessment include sensory processing, visual-spatial reasoning, expressive and receptive language, executive function, memory, numeracy, adaptive behavior, and neuromotor. Strategies for staff training and quality control procedures, as well as anticipated measures to be added as the cohort ages, are reviewed. The HBCD study presents a unique opportunity to examine early brain and neurodevelopment in young children through a lens that accounts for prenatal exposures, health and socio-economic disparities.

HEALthy Brain and Child Development（HBCD）研究是一项多地点前瞻性纵向队列研究，将从产前开始，计划到幼儿期，对人脑、认知、行为、社交和情感发育进行研究。该研究计划在 27 个地点招募 7000 多个家庭。本手稿介绍了神经认知和语言工作组的测量方法。之所以选择这些概念，是因为它们在规范发展中的重要性、与环境影响相关的改变轨迹的证据，以及对儿童结果的预测有效性。对测量结果的评估考虑了心理测量学特性、简洁性以及发展和文化适宜性。在可能的情况下，我们同时使用了表现测量和护理人员报告。在 HBCD 研究中，既有参照常模的全面发展测量（如 Bayley 婴儿发展量表-4），也有更具体的实验室测量（如延迟模仿）。评估领域包括感觉处理、视觉空间推理、表达性和接受性语言、执行功能、记忆、计算、适应行为和神经运动。报告还回顾了人员培训和质量控制程序的策略，以及随着组群年龄的增长而增加的预期评估指标。HBCD 研究提供了一个独特的机会，通过考虑产前暴露、健康和社会经济差异的视角来研究幼儿的早期大脑和神经发育。

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive control processes and emotion regulation in adolescence: Examining the impact of affective inhibition and heart-rate-variability on emotion regulation dynamics in daily life 青春期的认知控制过程和情绪调节：研究情感抑制和心率变异对日常生活中情绪调节动态的影响

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101454

Cognitive control processes likely influence the extent to which adolescents can successfully regulate their emotions. This study examined whether individual differences in affective inhibition and heart rate variability (HRV), as a peripheral index of cognitive control, moderated the association between momentary emotion regulation and negative affect (NA). Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) over 14 days were obtained in 235 adolescents (M_age = 13.48 years; 106 females). At each assessment, participants reported their current NA and the extent to which they used cognitive reappraisal and rumination. Moreover, at three time points (approximately 1 year, 6 months, and just before the EMA), affective inhibition was assessed using an affective go/no-go task and HRV was recorded at rest. Results indicate that adolescents with lower affective inhibition reported lower average levels of daily rumination. However, affective inhibition did not moderate the association between either daily cognitive reappraisal or rumination and momentary NA. Consistent with hypotheses, the association between momentary rumination and NA was weaker in adolescents showing higher levels of resting HRV. Overall, findings may underscore the importance of interventions targeting HRV as a malleable factor for enhancing adolescents’ affective well-being.

认知控制过程可能会影响青少年成功调节情绪的程度。本研究探讨了情感抑制和心率变异性（作为认知控制的外围指标）的个体差异是否会调节瞬间情绪调节与负性情感（NA）之间的关联。我们对 235 名青少年（年龄 = 13.48 岁；106 名女性）进行了为期 14 天的生态瞬间评估（EMA）。在每次评估中，参与者都会报告他们当前的消极情绪以及他们使用认知重评和反刍的程度。此外，在三个时间点（约 1 年、6 个月和就在 EMA 之前），使用情感去/不去任务评估情感抑制，并记录休息时的心率变异。结果表明，情感抑制能力较低的青少年每天反刍的平均水平较低。然而，情感抑制并不能调节日常认知再评价或反刍与瞬间妄想之间的关系。与假设一致的是，在静息心率变异水平较高的青少年中，瞬间反刍与NA之间的关联较弱。总之，研究结果可能强调了针对心率变异的干预措施的重要性，因为心率变异是提高青少年情感幸福感的一个可塑因素。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the late maturation of an intrinsic episodic memory network: A resting-state fMRI study 探索内在外显记忆网络的晚期成熟：静息态 fMRI 研究。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101453

Previous research suggests that episodic memory relies on functional neural networks,which are present even in the absence of an explicit task. The regions that integrate.these networks and the developmental changes in intrinsic functional connectivity.remain elusive. In the present study, we outlined an intrinsic episodic memory network.(iEMN) based on a systematic selection of functional connectivity studies, and.inspected network differences in resting-state fMRI between adolescents (13–17 years.old) and adults (23–27 years old) from the publicly available NKI-Rockland Sample.Through a review of brain regions commonly associated with episodic memory.networks, we identified a potential iEMN composed by 14 bilateral ROIs, distributed.across temporal, frontal and parietal lobes. Within this network, we found an increase.in resting-state connectivity from adolescents to adults between the right temporal pole.and two regions in the right lateral prefrontal cortex. We argue that the coordination of.these brain regions, connecting areas of semantic processing and areas of controlled.retrieval, arises as an important feature towards the full maturation of the episodic.memory system. The findings add to evidence suggesting that adolescence is a key.period in memory development and highlights the role of intrinsic functional.connectivity in such development.

以往的研究表明，外显记忆依赖于功能神经网络，这些网络即使在没有明确任务的情况下也会存在。整合这些网络的区域以及内在功能连接的发展变化仍然难以捉摸。在本研究中，我们在系统选择功能连接研究的基础上，勾勒出了一个内在外显记忆网络（iEMN），并从公开的 NKI-Rockland 样本中检测了青少年（13-17 岁）和成人（23-27 岁）之间静息态 fMRI 的网络差异。通过回顾通常与外显记忆网络相关的大脑区域，我们确定了一个潜在的 iEMN，它由 14 个双侧 ROI 组成，分布在颞叶、额叶和顶叶。在这个网络中，我们发现从青少年到成人，右侧颞极和右侧前额叶皮层的两个区域之间的静息状态连接性有所增加。我们认为，这些连接语义处理区和受控检索区的脑区之间的协调，是外显记忆系统完全成熟的一个重要特征。这些发现补充了表明青春期是记忆发展关键时期的证据，并强调了内在功能连接在这种发展中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Brain structures with stronger genetic associations are not less associated with family- and state-level economic contexts 遗传关联性较强的大脑结构与家庭和州一级的经济环境关联性并不小。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101455

We investigate whether neural, cognitive, and psychopathology phenotypes that are more strongly related to genetic differences are less strongly associated with family- and state-level economic contexts (N = 5374 individuals with 1KG-EUR-like genotypes with 870 twins, from the Adolescent Behavior and Cognitive Development study). We estimated the twin- and SNP-based heritability of each phenotype, as well as its association with an educational attainment polygenic index (EA PGI). We further examined associations with family socioeconomic status (SES) and tested whether SES-related differences were moderated by state cost of living and social safety net programs (Medicaid expansion and cash assistance). SES was broadly associated with cognition, psychopathology, brain volumes, and cortical surface areas, even after controlling for the EA PGI. Brain phenotypes that were more heritable or more strongly associated with the EA PGI were not, overall, less related to SES, nor were SES-related differences in these phenotypes less moderated by macroeconomic context and policy. Informing a long-running theoretical debate, and contra to widespread lay beliefs, results suggest that aspects of child brain development that are more strongly related to genetic differences are not, in general, less associated with socioeconomic contexts and policies.

我们研究了与遗传差异关系更密切的神经、认知和精神病理学表型是否与家庭和国家层面的经济环境关系不大（N = 5374 个具有 1KG-EUR 类基因型的个体，其中有 870 个双胞胎，来自青少年行为和认知发展研究）。我们估算了每种表型的双胞胎遗传率和基于 SNP 的遗传率，以及其与教育程度多基因指数（EA PGI）的关联。我们进一步研究了与家庭社会经济地位（SES）的关联，并检验了与家庭社会经济地位相关的差异是否受到州生活成本和社会安全网计划（医疗补助扩展和现金援助）的调节。即使在控制了 EA PGI 后，社会经济地位仍与认知、精神病理学、脑容量和皮质表面积广泛相关。总体而言，遗传性更强或与 EA PGI 关联性更强的大脑表型与社会经济地位的相关性并不低，这些表型中与社会经济地位相关的差异受宏观经济环境和政策的调节作用也不低。研究结果表明，儿童大脑发育中与遗传差异关系更密切的方面与社会经济背景和政策的关系总体上并不较小，这为长期的理论争论提供了依据，同时也与普遍的非专业观点相悖。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal two-time point longitudinal models for estimating individual-level change: Asymptotic insights and practical implications 用于估计个体水平变化的最佳两时间点纵向模型：渐近的见解和实际意义

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101450

Based on findings from a simulation study, Parsons and McCormick (2024) argued that growth models with exactly two time points are poorly-suited to model individual differences in linear slopes in developmental studies. Their argument is based on an empirical investigation of the increase in precision to measure individual differences in linear slopes if studies are progressively extended by adding an extra measurement occasion after one unit of time (e.g., year) has passed. They concluded that two-time point models are inadequate to reliably model change at the individual level and that these models should focus on group-level effects. Here, we show that these limitations can be addressed by deconfounding the influence of study duration and the influence of adding an extra measurement occasion on precision to estimate individual differences in linear slopes. We use asymptotic results to gauge and compare precision of linear change models representing different study designs, and show that it is primarily the longer time span that increases precision, not the extra waves. Further, we show how the asymptotic results can be used to also consider irregularly spaced intervals as well as planned and unplanned missing data. In conclusion, we like to stress that true linear change can indeed be captured well with only two time points if careful study design planning is applied before running a study.

根据模拟研究的结果，Parsons 和 McCormick（2024 年）认为，有两个时间点的成长模型不适合用来模拟发展研究中线性斜率的个体差异。他们的论点基于一项实证调查，即如果在一个时间单位（如一年）之后增加一个额外的测量场合，从而逐步扩大研究范围，那么线性斜率个体差异的测量精度就会提高。他们的结论是，两时间点模型不足以可靠地模拟个体层面的变化，这些模型应侧重于群体层面的效应。在这里，我们证明了这些局限性可以通过消除研究持续时间的影响和增加额外测量场合对精确度的影响来解决，从而估计线性斜率的个体差异。我们使用渐近结果来衡量和比较代表不同研究设计的线性变化模型的精确度，并表明主要是较长的时间跨度提高了精确度，而不是额外的波次。此外，我们还展示了如何利用渐近结果来考虑不规则间隔以及计划内和计划外的缺失数据。总之，我们要强调的是，如果在开展研究之前进行了仔细的研究设计规划，那么只需两个时间点就能很好地捕捉到真正的线性变化。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol 量化 HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) 研究中的大脑发育情况：磁共振成像和光谱分析方案

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101452

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The acquisition of multimodal magnetic resonance-based brain development data is central to the study’s core protocol. However, application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods in this population is complicated by technical challenges and difficulties of imaging in early life. Overcoming these challenges requires an innovative and harmonized approach, combining age-appropriate acquisition protocols together with specialized pediatric neuroimaging strategies. The HBCD MRI Working Group aimed to establish a core acquisition protocol for all 27 HBCD Study recruitment sites to measure brain structure, function, microstructure, and metabolites. Acquisition parameters of individual modalities have been matched across MRI scanner platforms for harmonized acquisitions and state-of-the-art technologies are employed to enable faster and motion-robust imaging. Here, we provide an overview of the HBCD MRI protocol, including decisions of individual modalities and preliminary data. The result will be an unparalleled resource for examining early neurodevelopment which enables the larger scientific community to assess normative trajectories from birth through childhood and to examine the genetic, biological, and environmental factors that help shape the developing brain.

HEALthy Brain and Child Development（HBCD）研究是一项多站点前瞻性纵向队列研究，将从产前开始并计划到幼儿期对人脑、认知、行为、社交和情感发育进行研究。获取基于多模态磁共振的大脑发育数据是该研究核心方案的核心。然而，在这一人群中应用磁共振成像（MRI）方法面临着技术挑战和生命早期成像的困难。要克服这些挑战，就必须采用创新、协调的方法，将与年龄相适应的采集方案与专门的儿科神经成像策略相结合。HBCD MRI 工作组旨在为所有 27 个 HBCD 研究招募点制定核心采集方案，以测量大脑结构、功能、微观结构和代谢物。为了统一采集，核磁共振扫描仪平台上的各种模式的采集参数都已匹配，并采用了最先进的技术，以实现更快和运动稳定的成像。在此，我们将概述 HBCD MRI 方案，包括各种模式的决策和初步数据。其结果将成为研究早期神经发育的无与伦比的资源，使广大科学界能够评估从出生到童年的正常轨迹，并研究有助于塑造大脑发育的遗传、生物和环境因素。

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引用次数: 0

Maturational changes in frontal EEG alpha and theta activity from infancy into early childhood and the relation with self-regulation in boys and girls 额叶脑电图阿尔法和θ活动从婴儿期到幼儿期的成熟变化以及与男孩和女孩自我调节的关系

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101445

There is increasing interest in examining the development of frontal EEG power in relation to self-regulation in early childhood. However, the majority of previous studies solely focuses on the brain’s alpha rhythm and little is known about the differences between young boys and girls. The aim of the current study was therefore to gain more insight into the neural mechanisms involved in the emergence of self-regulation. The sample consisted of 442 children and data were collected at approximately 5 months, 10 months, and around 3 years of age. Latent growth curve models indicated that,while the neurobiological foundations of self-regulation are established during infancy,it is the maturation of the frontal alpha rhythm that contributes to variations in both observed and parent-reported self-regulation. In addition, it appears that boys might have a greater reliance on external regulation than girls during early childhood, as evident by higher scores of girls on both measures of self-regulation. More insight into the role of external regulators in brain maturation can help to implement interventions aimed at establishing bottom-up self-regulatory skills early in life, in order to provide the necessary foundations for the emergence of top-down self-regulatory skills in the preschool period.

越来越多的人开始关注额叶脑电图与幼儿期自我调节能力相关的发展。然而，以往的研究大多只关注大脑的阿尔法节律，对男孩和女孩之间的差异知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在深入了解自我调节出现的神经机制。样本由 442 名儿童组成，数据收集时间分别为 5 个月、10 个月和 3 岁左右。潜伏生长曲线模型表明，虽然自我调节的神经生物学基础在婴儿期就已建立，但额叶阿尔法节律的成熟才是导致观察到的和家长报告的自我调节出现差异的原因。此外，在幼儿期，男孩似乎比女孩更依赖外部调节，这一点从女孩在自我调节的两项测量中得分更高可以看出。更深入地了解外部调节在大脑成熟过程中的作用，有助于实施干预措施，在生命早期建立自下而上的自我调节技能，从而为学龄前自上而下的自我调节技能的形成奠定必要的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Biospecimens in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: Rationale and protocol HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) 研究中的生物样本：理由和方案

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101451

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The longitudinal collection of biological samples from over 7000 birthing parents and their children within the HBCD study enables research on pre- and postnatal exposures (e.g., substance use, toxicants, nutrition), and biological processes (e.g., genetics, epigenetic signatures, proteins, metabolites) on neurobehavioral developmental outcomes. The following biosamples are collected from the birthing parent: 1) blood (i.e., whole blood, serum, plasma, buffy coat, and dried blood spots) during pregnancy, 2) nail clippings during pregnancy and one month postpartum, 3) urine during pregnancy, and 4) saliva during pregnancy and at in-person postnatal assessments. The following samples are collected from the child at in-person study assessments: 1) saliva, 2) stool, and 3) urine. Additionally, placenta tissue, cord blood, and cord tissue are collected by a subset of HBCD sites. Here, we describe the rationale for the collection of these biospecimens, their current and potential future uses, the collection protocol, and collection success rates during piloting. This information will assist research teams in the planning of future studies utilizing this collection of biological samples.

HEALthy Brain and Child Development（HBCD）研究是一项多站点前瞻性纵向队列研究，将从产前开始，对人脑、认知、行为、社会和情感发育进行研究，并计划研究到幼儿期。在 HBCD 研究中，对 7000 多名生育父母及其子女的生物样本进行纵向收集，可以研究产前和产后暴露（如药物使用、毒物、营养）以及生物过程（如遗传学、表观遗传学特征、蛋白质、代谢物）对神经行为发育结果的影响。从分娩父母处采集以下生物样本：1）怀孕期间的血液（即全血、血清、血浆、水衣和干血斑）；2）怀孕期间和产后一个月的指甲剪；3）怀孕期间的尿液；4）怀孕期间和产后评估时的唾液。在亲自进行研究评估时，将采集儿童的以下样本：1）唾液；2）粪便；3）尿液。此外，部分 HBCD 检测点还采集胎盘组织、脐带血和脐带组织。在此，我们将介绍收集这些生物样本的理由、其当前和未来的潜在用途、收集方案以及试点期间的收集成功率。这些信息将有助于研究团队规划未来使用这些生物样本的研究。

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引用次数: 0

The development and structure of the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study EEG protocol HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) 研究脑电图协议的开发和结构。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101447

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of two brain imaging modalities central to the HBCD Study. EEG records electrical signals from the scalp that reflect electrical brain activity. In addition, the EEG signal can be synchronized to the presentation of discrete stimuli (auditory or visual) to measure specific cognitive processes with excellent temporal precision (e.g., event-related potentials; ERPs). EEG is particularly helpful for the HBCD Study as it can be used with awake, alert infants, and can be acquired continuously across development. The current paper reviews the HBCD Study’s EEG/ERP protocol: (a) the selection and development of the tasks (Video Resting State, Visual Evoked Potential, Auditory Oddball, Face Processing); (b) the implementation of common cross-site acquisition parameters and hardware, site setup, training, and initial piloting; (c) the development of the preprocessing pipelines and creation of derivatives; and (d) the incorporation of equity and inclusion considerations. The paper also provides an overview of the functioning of the EEG Workgroup and the input from members across all steps of protocol development and piloting.

HEALthy Brain and Child Development（HBCD）研究是一项多站点前瞻性纵向队列研究，将从产前开始并计划到幼儿期对人脑、认知、行为、社交和情感发育进行研究。脑电图（EEG）是 HBCD 研究的两种核心脑成像模式之一。脑电图记录来自头皮的电信号，反映大脑的电活动。此外，脑电图信号可与离散刺激（听觉或视觉）的呈现同步，从而以极佳的时间精度测量特定的认知过程（如事件相关电位；ERPs）。脑电图对 HBCD 研究特别有帮助，因为它可用于清醒、警觉的婴儿，并可在整个发育过程中持续采集。本文回顾了 HBCD 研究的脑电图/ERP 协议：(a) 任务（视频静息状态、视觉诱发电位、听觉怪球、面部处理）的选择和开发；(b) 通用跨站点采集参数和硬件的实施、站点设置、培训和初步试点；(c) 预处理管道的开发和衍生工具的创建；(d) 公平性和包容性考虑因素的纳入。本文还概述了脑电图工作组的运作情况，以及工作组成员在协议制定和试点的各个步骤中提供的意见和建议。

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引用次数: 0