Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases最新文献_第10页

Rhipicephalus microplus voraxin-alpha contains B-cell epitopes that reduce ticks’ biological fitness in immunized cattle 微头蜱含有b细胞表位，可降低免疫牛蜱的生物适应性

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102516

Daniel Gustavo López-Díaz , María Martina Esperanza Pérez-Soria , José Rodrigo Morales-García , Rafael Jiménez-Ocampo , Gabriela Aguilar-Tipacamú , Massaro W. Ueti , Juan Mosqueda

Rhipicephalus microplus ticks are a serious pest of cattle in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly due to the losses they cause by reducing meat and milk production, as well as causing hide damage, in addition to their role as vectors of babesiosis and anaplasmosis. Integrated tick control must include the use of anti-tick vaccines to reduce tick populations and mitigate the ecological impact associated with the extensive use of acaricides. To develop improved vaccines, evaluation of new tick antigens is essential. Voraxin, mainly described as a testes-derived protein, is transferred from males to females during copulation, and it is crucial for stimulating engorgement in female ticks and for the development of their organs. In this study, R. microplus voraxin-alpha (voraxin-α) was amplified and sequenced, four peptides with predicted B-cell epitopes were designed and their immunogenic properties were evaluated. Each peptide was mixed with a commercial adjuvant and inoculated into two cattle from a tick-free region to corroborate if they were truly immunogenic. The antibody responses to each peptide were assessed using indirect ELISA. Two peptides were immunogenic and were selected for further testing involving immunization and experimental infestation with 10,000 larvae and two cattle per evaluated peptide. Immunization with peptide 3 reduced tick survival in 17 %, oviposition in 14 % and egg hatching in 22 %, while peptide 4 impaired oviposition in 18 % and egg hatching in 18 %. No effect on weight was observed. In conclusion, ticks fed on cattle producing specific antibodies against voraxin-α B-cell epitopes, have a reduced survival, oviposition and fertility, which are important biological parameters, related to tick fitness. Vaccine trials are required to evaluate this antigen as a vaccine candidate against R. microplus.

微头蜱是热带和亚热带地区牛的一种严重害虫，主要是因为它们除了作为巴贝斯虫病和无形体病的媒介外，还会减少肉和奶的产量，造成损失，并造成兽皮损伤。综合蜱虫控制必须包括使用抗蜱虫疫苗，以减少蜱虫种群并减轻与广泛使用杀螨剂相关的生态影响。为了开发改进的疫苗，对新的蜱虫抗原进行评估是必不可少的。Voraxin主要被描述为一种来自睾丸的蛋白质，在交配过程中从雄性转移到雌性，对刺激雌性蜱虫的充血和器官发育至关重要。本研究扩增并测序了R. microplus voraxin-α (voraxin-α)，设计了4条具有预测b细胞表位的多肽，并对其免疫原性进行了评价。每个肽与一种商业佐剂混合，并接种到来自无蜱地区的两头牛身上，以证实它们是否真的具有免疫原性。采用间接ELISA法检测各肽的抗体反应。其中两种多肽具有免疫原性，并被选中进行进一步的免疫测试和实验感染，每个评估的多肽有1万只幼虫和2头牛。肽3免疫减少了17%的蜱虫存活率，14%的蜱虫产卵率和22%的蜱虫孵化率，肽4免疫减少了18%的蜱虫产卵率和18%的蜱虫孵化率。没有观察到对体重的影响。综上所述，以牛为食的蜱产生针对voraxin-α b细胞表位的特异性抗体，其存活率、产卵率和繁殖力均降低，这是与蜱适合度相关的重要生物学参数。需要进行疫苗试验，以评估该抗原是否可作为抗微致病菌的候选疫苗。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence and diversity of Borrelia spp. in questing ticks from urban green spaces in Lithuania 立陶宛城市绿地蜱虫中疏螺旋体的流行和多样性

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102512

Justina Snegiriovaitė, Indrė Lipatova, Miglė Razgūnaitė, Algimantas Paulauskas, Jana Radzijevskaja

Lithuania is a highly endemic area for Lyme borreliosis (LB), and Ixodes ricinus, the primary vector of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in Europe, is widespread throughout the country. While previous studies conducted in Lithuania have examined the prevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l. in natural habitats, comprehensive data on the distribution of ticks and their infection with tick-borne pathogens in urban areas remain largely unknown. This study aimed to assess the risk of LB by analyzing tick abundance and the prevalence of Borrelia spp. in ticks collected from urban green spaces across ten Lithuanian counties. A total of 3628 ticks were collected, comprising two species: I. ricinus (n = 3599) and Dermacentor reticulatus (n = 29). Ticks were found in 43 out of 52 investigated locations. Molecular analyses detected B. burgdorferi s.l. in 22.89 % of I. ricinus and 3.45 % of D. reticulatus specimens, while Borrelia miyamotoi was found in 3.97 % of I. ricinus and 3.45 % of D. reticulatus. Five species from B. burgdorferi s.l. complex were identified: B. afzelii, B. garinii, B. burgdorferi s.s., B. lusitaniae, and B. valaisiana. Co-infections with different Borrelia spp. were observed in 0.72 % of I. ricinus ticks. Borrelia-infected ticks were detected at 38 of 43 locations (88.37 %), with the prevalence of infection ranging from 3.70 % to 41.53 %. These findings indicate that urban green spaces in Lithuania provide suitable habitats for ticks, with varying risks of human-tick contact and tick-borne infections, underscoring the potential public health risk of LB in Lithuanian cities. Further evaluation of tick distribution and the prevalence of Borrelia spp. is necessary to monitor how climate change and urbanization affect pathogen circulation and infection risk.

立陶宛是莱姆博氏疏螺旋体（LB）的高度流行地区，欧洲感氏伯氏疏螺旋体（s.l）的主要媒介蓖麻伊蚊（Ixodes ricinus）在全国广泛传播。虽然以前在立陶宛进行的研究已经检查了自然栖息地伯氏疏螺旋体s.l.的流行情况，但关于蜱的分布及其在城市地区感染蜱传病原体的综合数据在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究旨在通过分析立陶宛10个县城市绿地收集的蜱的丰度和伯氏疏螺旋体的流行程度，评估LB的风险。共采集蜱3628只，其中蓖麻蜱3599只，网状皮蜱29只。在52个调查地点中，有43个发现了蜱虫。在22.89%的蓖麻蠓和3.45%的网纹蠓中检出伯氏疏螺旋体，在3.97%的蓖麻蠓和3.45%的网纹蠓中检出宫氏疏螺旋体。从伯氏疏螺旋体复合体中鉴定出5种：阿氏疏螺旋体、加里尼疏螺旋体、伯氏疏螺旋体、卢西塔尼亚疏螺旋体和瓦莱西亚疏螺旋体。0.72%的蓖麻蜱同时感染不同伯氏疏螺旋体。43个地点中有38个（88.37%）检出感染伯氏螺旋体蜱，感染率为3.70% ~ 41.53%。这些发现表明，立陶宛的城市绿地为蜱虫提供了适宜的栖息地，人类与蜱虫接触和蜱虫传播感染的风险各不相同，强调了立陶宛城市LB的潜在公共卫生风险。有必要进一步评估蜱的分布和疏螺旋体的流行情况，以监测气候变化和城市化对病原体循环和感染风险的影响。

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引用次数: 0

A full-length 16S survey using Nanopore sequencing to uncover the bacterial microbiome in Ixodes ricinus ticks from a single UK woodland, collected across three springs (2019-2021) 一项使用纳米孔测序的全长16S调查，揭示了来自英国单一林地的蓖麻蜱的细菌微生物组，收集时间为2019-2021年的三个春季。

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102506

Mia L. White , Jack M. Crook , Kayleigh M. Hansford , Daniel P. Carter , Michael J. Elmore , Colin Johnston , Sara Gandy , Kuiama Lewandowski , Alexander Vaux , Karen L. Osman , Richard Vipond , Jolyon M. Medlock , Edward J Feil , Steven T. Pullan

Ixodes ricinus is a key vector of several bacterial pathogens, including Borrelia and Rickettsia species. To assess bacterial prevalence and diversity, we characterised the microbiome of ticks collected from a single UK woodland, comparing different woodland types, life stages (adult male, female, and nymph), and sampling years (spring 2019–2021). Unlike previous studies that target short regions of the 16S rRNA gene, we used Nanopore sequencing to generate full-length 16S reads, allowing for higher taxonomic resolution. Our results showed significant microbiome differences across life stages, but not by woodland type or year. Rickettsia was the most abundant taxon, with prevalence varying by life stage and year. Borrelia was present in all life stages but absent in 2021 samples. Anaplasma abundance varied significantly by year and life stage, peaking in nymphs from Pine woodland. Bartonella was found across all woodland types, with the highest abundance in nymphs from Oak-dominated areas.

蓖麻粘菌是几种细菌病原体的主要媒介，包括伯氏疏螺旋体和立克次体。为了评估细菌的流行率和多样性，我们对从英国单一林地收集的蜱虫的微生物组进行了表征，比较了不同的林地类型、生命阶段（成年雄性、雌性和蛹）和采样年份（2019-2021年春季）。与以往的研究不同，我们的研究目标是16S rRNA基因的短区域，我们使用纳米孔测序来生成全长16S reads，从而实现更高的分类分辨率。我们的研究结果表明，微生物组在不同的生命阶段存在显著差异，但在林地类型或年份之间没有差异。立克次体是最丰富的分类群，其流行率随生命阶段和年份的变化而变化。伯氏疏螺旋体存在于所有生命阶段，但在2021年的样本中不存在。无原体丰度在不同的年份和生命阶段差异显著，在松林若虫中最高。巴尔通体在所有林地类型中均有发现，以橡树为主地区若虫的丰度最高。

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引用次数: 0

Should we consider tularemia in travelers returning from North Africa? 我们是否应该考虑从北非返回的旅行者感染土拉菌病？

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102511

Souheil Zayet , Isabelle Pelloux , Max Maurin , Vincent Gendrin , Jean-Baptiste Vuillemenot , Pauline Granier , Julie Plantin , Thierry Spicarolen , Timothée Klopfenstein

We report a rare case of cervical lymphadenopathy tularemia from North Africa in a French immunocompromised traveler returning from Egypt after participating in an outdoor travel involving dromedary camels. The timeline and clinical course support tularemia as a cause of infection in this patient. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology and polymerase chain reaction methods. A concurrent Epstein-Barr virus-infectious mononucleosis complicated the diagnosis of tularemia. Treatment was successful after surgical procedures in addition to two different antimicrobial regimens: doxycycline followed by fluoroquinolones.

我们报告一个罕见的病例宫颈淋巴结病土拉热病从北非在法国免疫功能低下的旅行者从埃及参加了一个户外旅行涉及单峰骆驼返回。时间线和临床病程支持兔热病是该患者感染的原因。血清学和聚合酶链反应证实了诊断。eb病毒感染性单核细胞增多症并发并发兔热病的诊断。手术后治疗成功，另外还有两种不同的抗菌方案：强力霉素和氟喹诺酮类药物。

引用次数: 0

Comparative distribution and population genetics of bisexual and parthenogenetic Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) in the Republic of Korea 韩国双性和孤雌亚洲长角蜱（长角血蜱）的比较分布和种群遗传学

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102507

Jiseok Kim , Donghun Kim

The Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) is an ectoparasite that transmits several pathogens, including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, to humans and animals. Wild populations of H. longicornis are maintained by both bisexual and asexual reproductive strategies. This study examined the geographical distribution and genetic differentiation of bisexual and parthenogenetic H. longicornis populations collected from 12 cities across the Republic of Korea: Chuncheon (CC), Sokcho (SC), Samcheok (SCH), Ganghwa (GH), Sangju (SJ), Ulsan (US), Jinju (JNJ), Boryeong (BR), Gochang (GC), Jindo (JD), Jeju (JJ), and Seogwipo (SG). Based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, parthenogenetic and bisexual individuals were found to coexist at varying proportions depending on the region. Parthenogenetic individuals were more dominant in the northeastern regions (CC, US, SJ, SC, GH, and SCH), while bisexual individuals were more abundant in the southwestern regions (SG, BR, JD, JJ, GC, and JNJ). Population genetic analysis based on concatenated mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome B (CytB) genes revealed that the genetic structure of female ticks was primarily influenced by their reproductive strategy (bisexual or parthenogenetic), rather than by geographic origin. Demographic analysis detected evidence of population expansion in both northeastern (CC, SC, and SCH) and southwestern (JD and SG) regions. These findings enhance the understanding of H. longicornis population dynamics in the Republic of Korea.

亚洲长角蜱（长角血蜱）是一种外寄生虫，可向人类和动物传播几种病原体，包括伴血小板减少综合征的严重发热病毒。长角瓢虫的野生种群是通过双性和无性繁殖策略维持的。本研究对韩国春川（CC）、束草（SC）、三陟（SCH）、江华（GH）、尚州（SJ）、蔚山（US）、晋州（JNJ）、保宁（BR）、高昌（GC）、珍岛（JD）、济州（JJ）和西归浦（SG）等12个城市的两性和孤雌长角瓢虫种群的地理分布和遗传分化进行了研究。根据16S核糖体DNA序列分析，发现孤雌和双性恋个体在不同地区以不同比例共存。单性生殖个体在东北地区（CC、US、SJ、SC、GH和SCH）占主导地位，而双性生殖个体在西南地区（SG、BR、JD、JJ、GC和JNJ）占主导地位。基于线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I （COI）和细胞色素B （CytB）基因串联的群体遗传分析表明，雌性蜱的遗传结构主要受其生殖策略（双性恋或孤雌生殖）的影响，而不是地理来源的影响。人口统计学分析发现，在东北（CC、SC和SCH）和西南（JD和SG）地区都有人口扩张的证据。这些发现有助于加深对韩国长角蜱种群动态的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Using meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of Lyme borreliosis clinical manifestations in Denmark, Ireland and Sweden based on publicly-available Lyme neuroborreliosis data 基于公开的莱姆病神经螺旋体病数据，采用荟萃分析估计丹麦、爱尔兰和瑞典莱姆病临床表现的发病率

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102509

Gordon Brestrich , Madiha Shafquat , Frederick J. Angulo , Alexander Davidson , Ye Tan , Kate Halsby , Julie Davis , Jennifer C Moïsi , James H. Stark

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe and can manifest as localized erythema migrans (EM) or further disseminate into Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), Lyme arthritis (LA) or other manifestations. However, public health surveillance in Denmark and Ireland only captures LNB, while published LB data for Sweden only includes LNB. To enhance the understanding of LB disease burden in these countries, this study aimed to estimate LB incidence by clinical manifestation using the ratio of each manifestation to LNB. These ratios were derived using random effects meta-analysis of published data from other European countries. We estimated the ratios for EM/LNB, LA/LNB and other manifestations/LNB to be 42.8 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 36.4–50.4), 0.9 (95 % CI: 0.7–1.0), and 0.8 (95 % CI; 0.4–1.4), respectively. Applying these ratios to the LNB incidence resulted in an estimated overall LB incidence of 151.5 cases per 100,000 population per year (PPY) in Denmark, 285.2 per 100,000 PPY in Sweden and 9.5 per 100,000 PPY in Ireland. These correspond to >36,000 LB cases per year compared to approximately 800 LNB cases reported in these three countries. Furthermore, the estimated incidence of disseminated manifestations was 8.7 and 16.4 per 100,000 PPY in Denmark and Sweden, respectively. These estimates across LB manifestations highlight the LB health burden on the national healthcare systems. Future studies that directly estimate the incidence of medically-attended LB from healthcare registries, claims data or administrative medical records may help validate these estimates.

莱姆病（Lyme borreliosis， LB）是欧洲最常见的蜱传疾病，可表现为局部移行性红斑（EM）或进一步传播为莱姆病神经螺旋体病（Lyme neuroborreliosis， LNB）、莱姆病关节炎（Lyme arthritis， LA）或其他表现。然而，丹麦和爱尔兰的公共卫生监测仅捕获LNB，而瑞典公布的LB数据仅包括LNB。为了加强对这些国家LB疾病负担的了解，本研究旨在通过临床表现估计LB发病率，使用各种表现与LNB的比例。这些比率是通过对其他欧洲国家发表的数据进行随机效应荟萃分析得出的。我们估计EM/LNB， LA/LNB和其他表现/LNB的比率为42.8(95%可信区间[CI]: 36.4-50.4), 0.9 （95% CI: 0.7-1.0）和0.8 (95% CI；分别为0.4 - -1.4)。将这些比率应用于LNB发病率，结果估计丹麦的LB总发病率为每10万人每年151.5例，瑞典为每10万人每年285.2例，爱尔兰为每10万人每年9.5例。这相当于每年36000例LB病例，而这三个国家报告的LB病例约为800例。此外，在丹麦和瑞典，播散性表现的估计发病率分别为每10万PPY 8.7和16.4。这些横跨LB表现的估计突出了LB对国家医疗保健系统的健康负担。未来的研究将从医疗保健登记、索赔数据或行政医疗记录中直接估计医疗护理LB的发生率，这可能有助于验证这些估计。

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引用次数: 0

First report of the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus in Norway 挪威首次发现针叶林扁虱

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102508

Andrea Cotes-Perdomo , Arnulf Soleng , Kristian Alfsnes , Åshild Andreassen

The distribution range of the taiga tick, Ixodes persulcatus, has increased in the last decade in Northern Europe. We performed samplings at nine locations in Nordland County, east and northeast of Brønnøysund, south of the Arctic Circle in July 2023. Four of 62 ticks collected were identified as I. persulcatus (one female, two males and one nymph), the remaining were identified as Ixodes ricinus (9 females, 2 males and 47 nymphs). This is the first report of I. persulcatus in Norway. Given the importance of I. persulcatus as vector of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and more pathogenic subtypes of the tick-borne encephalitis virus, more research should be done focusing on its distribution, ecology and associated pathogens in Norway.

针叶林扁虱的分布范围在过去十年中在北欧有所扩大。我们于2023年7月在北极圈以南Brønnøysund东部和东北部的Nordland县的9个地点进行了采样。采集到的62只蜱中，有4只为过土蜱（1雌2雄1若虫），其余为蓖麻伊蚊（9雌2雄47若虫）。这是挪威首次报道的一种植物。鉴于过sulcati作为伯氏疏螺旋体（Borrelia burgdorferi）和蜱传脑炎病毒（tick-borne encephalitis virus）更多致病性亚型媒介的重要性，应针对其在挪威的分布、生态和相关病原体开展更多研究。

引用次数: 0

Exploring Borrelia in Australia: Isolation, genomic characterisation, and host and vector associations 探索澳大利亚伯氏疏螺旋体：分离，基因组特征，宿主和媒介关联

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102505

Alexander W. Gofton , Makenna Short , Michelle Michie , Dakota Gallaway , Ina Smith , Kim Blasdell , Anjana Karawita , Melissa J. Klein , Catherine A. Herbert , Stephen C. Barker

Borrelia are tick-borne spirochetes that include important pathogens that cause Lyme borreliosis and relapsing fevers. While multiple Borrelia species have been identified in Australia, further research is needed to understand their ecological roles and potential zoonotic risks. This study aimed to isolate and characterise two Australian Borrelia species—Borrelia tachyglossi and Borrelia sp. HB—through in vitro culture, genomic sequencing, and molecular surveys of ticks and vertebrate hosts. Despite extensive efforts, Borrelia sp. HB could not be cultured from Haemaphysalis bancrofti ticks, and its prevalence in questing ticks was low (0.14 %). Additionally, molecular screening of 504 wildlife hosts found no evidence of Borrelia sp. HB infection, suggesting a cryptic or highly restricted enzootic cycle. In contrast, B. tachyglossi was successfully cultured from Bothriocroton concolor ticks collected from echidnas (Tachyglossus aculeatus), enabling complete genome sequencing. Complement-mediated bactericidal assays demonstrated that B. tachyglossi is highly susceptible to human innate immunity, indicating it is unlikely to be pathogenic. Molecular surveys of wildlife-associated ticks revealed a broad diversity of reptile-associated Borrelia species in monitor lizards and snakes, reinforcing the hypothesis that Australian Borrelia persist in host-specific enzootic cycles. Our findings confirm that Borrelia species in Australia belong exclusively to the relapsing fever and reptile-associated clades, with no evidence of B. burgdorferi sensu lato. These results improve our understanding of Borrelia diversity in Australia and highlight the need for further research into their ecology, vector competence, and evolutionary history.

疏螺旋体是蜱传播的螺旋体，包括导致莱姆病和回归热的重要病原体。虽然在澳大利亚已经发现了多种疏螺旋体，但需要进一步研究以了解它们的生态作用和潜在的人畜共患风险。本研究旨在通过体外培养、基因组测序和蜱虫和脊椎动物宿主的分子调查，分离和表征两种澳大利亚伯氏疏螺旋体——快舌伯氏疏螺旋体和伯氏疏螺旋体。尽管进行了广泛的努力，但无法从班氏血蜱中培养出伯氏疏螺旋体HB，其在探索蜱中的流行率很低（0.14%）。此外，504个野生动物宿主的分子筛选未发现伯氏疏螺旋体HB感染的证据，表明存在隐性或高度限制性的地方性动物循环。相比之下，从针鼹（Tachyglossus aculeatus）收集的Bothriocroton concolor蜱中成功培养出了B. tachyglossi，并进行了全基因组测序。补体介导的杀菌试验表明，速舌芽胞杆菌对人类先天免疫高度敏感，表明它不太可能具有致病性。对野生动物相关蜱虫的分子调查显示，与爬行动物相关的伯氏疏螺旋体在监测蜥蜴和蛇中具有广泛的多样性，这加强了澳大利亚伯氏疏螺旋体在宿主特异性地方性动物循环中持续存在的假设。我们的研究结果证实，澳大利亚的伯氏疏螺旋体物种完全属于回归热和爬行动物相关的分支，没有证据表明伯氏疏螺旋体的存在。这些结果提高了我们对澳大利亚伯氏疏螺旋体多样性的认识，并强调了对其生态学、媒介能力和进化史进行进一步研究的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Subolesin gene structure and mRNA isoform diversity in South African R. microplus ticks: Relevance for understanding subolesin-based tick vaccines 南非microplus蜱虫亚胚芽素基因结构和mRNA异构体多样性：与理解基于亚胚芽素的蜱虫疫苗的相关性

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102502

Elsje Christine Rabie, Christine Maritz-Olivier

Designing a universal vaccine against ticks, capable of protecting a wide range of species, has long been an appealing goal. One antigen that has been proposed for a universal tick vaccine is Subolesin. Despite its intracellular and mostly nuclear location, this antigen has seen some success in bovine vaccine trials. The mechanism behind the observed efficacy remains elusive and may be due to various isoforms being produced in tick cells. By means of RNA sequencing and mapping to the annotated genome of R. microplus, this study confirms the presence of a single subolesin gene along with four distinct transcripts, resulting in three protein variants. However, none of the putative protein variants have extracellular location signals or known functional motifs. Furthermore, this study offers insights into the antigenic diversity of Subolesin isoforms and their expression across multiple life stages in R. microplus ticks from South Africa. This study also raise the question regarding the contrast between Subolesin's nuclear location, function, and its observed efficacy in bovine vaccine trials as an antigen accessible to the host immune system. Future studies evaluating antisera cross-reactivity with other tick proteins is therefore essential to fully understand subolesin as a protective antigen.

长期以来，设计一种针对蜱虫的通用疫苗，能够保护广泛的物种，一直是一个吸引人的目标。一种被提议用于通用蜱疫苗的抗原是苏波莱素。尽管这种抗原位于细胞内且主要位于细胞核内，但它在牛疫苗试验中取得了一些成功。观察到的功效背后的机制仍然难以捉摸，可能是由于蜱细胞中产生了各种同种异构体。通过RNA测序和标记基因组图谱，本研究证实了一个亚胚芽素基因的存在以及四个不同的转录本，导致三种蛋白质变异。然而，没有一个假定的蛋白质变异具有细胞外定位信号或已知的功能基序。此外，本研究还深入了解了南非小蜱在多个生命阶段中Subolesin亚型的抗原多样性及其表达。本研究还提出了关于Subolesin的核位置、功能及其在牛疫苗试验中作为宿主免疫系统可及的抗原所观察到的效力之间的对比的问题。因此，评估与其他蜱虫蛋白的抗血清交叉反应性的未来研究对于充分了解亚素作为保护性抗原至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

First report of phoretic deutonymphs of Thyreophagus corticalis (Michael, 1885) (Acari: Acaridae) on Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ixodida: Ixodidae) 食Thyreophagus corticalis (Michael, 1885)（蜱螨亚纲：蜱螨科）在蓖麻伊蚊（Linnaeus, 1758）（蜱螨亚纲：蜱螨科）上的嗜螨双螨首次报道

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102504

Diana Rueda-Ramírez , Sara Weilage , Anna Obiegala , Lidia Chitimia-Dobler , Martin Pfeffer

Phoretic deutonymphs of Thyreophagus corticalis (Michael, 1885) were found associated with a male and nymphs of Ixodes ricinus during a sampling conducted in May 2024 in the district of Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, using the flagging method. A total of six deutonymphs were detected on four of the 652 ticks collected at four out of 25 sampling sites, indicating a geographically restricted and low incidence. This account is the first report of a phoretic association of T. corticalis with I. ricinus. We consider this phoretic association likely to be coincidental, possibly resulting from the ticks coming into contact with organic or decaying material at these four sampling sites where T. corticalis populations occurred.

2024年5月，在德国巴登-符腾堡州罗伊特林根地区，用标记法对一株蓖麻伊蚊（Ixodes ricinus）的雄性和雌性进行了抽样调查，发现了一株食腺腺螨（michael1885）的双翅虫。在25个采样点中，4个采样点共采集到652只蜱，其中4只蜱检出6只双形螨，地理分布受限，发病率低。这是第一个关于皮质绦虫与蓖麻绦虫的遗传关联的报道。我们认为这种联系可能是巧合，可能是由于蜱接触到有机或腐烂的物质在这四个采样点的皮质蜱种群发生。

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