Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases最新文献_第5页

First molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, and hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in bovine colostrum 牛初乳中边缘无形体、牛巴贝斯虫和嗜血支原体的首次分子检测

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102553

Mayara Campos Lombardi , Nicolas Colácio , Camila de Valgas e Bastos , Sandra Gesteira Coelho , Tiago Facury Moreira , Rodrigo Melo Meneses , Antônio Último de Carvalho , Elias Jorge Facury-Filho , Júlia Angélica Gonçalves Silveira

Bovine colostrum (BC) is widely recognized for its fundamental role in the nutrition and protection of newborn calves. However, it may also contain pathogens, and research is still limited to a few agents. This study aimed to assess the presence of Anaplasma marginale (msp4), Babesia bovis (cytb), B. bigemina (cytb), and hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. (hemoplasmas) (16S rRNA or gapN) in BC and blood by molecular investigation. Aseptically collected blood (5 mL) and colostrum (40 mL) were obtained once from 104 Holstein cows from a commercial dairy herd in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil, within the first 24 hours after parturition. Blood analyses by PCR revealed the frequencies of 95.19% (99/104) for A. marginale, 62.5% (65/104) for B. bigemina, 52.88% (55/104) for B. bovis, and 74.85% (82/104) for hemoplasmas. The most prevalent blood co-infection was A. marginale plus hemoplasmas. The investigation in BC by PCR showed that the agents were present in 22.12% of the samples, with frequencies of 12.12% (12/99) for A. marginale, 10.91% (6/55) for B. bovis, and 6.1% (5/82) for hemoplasmas. No co-infection was identified. These findings highlight the relevance of management for control of the hemopathogens, and demonstrate the need for further investigation into the viability of the microorganisms and their epidemiological role, once the vertical transmission is an important route for some pathogens.

牛初乳（BC）在新生牛犊的营养和保护中发挥着重要作用。然而，它也可能含有病原体，研究仍然局限于少数几种病原体。本研究旨在通过分子研究评估BC和血液中是否存在边缘性无形体（msp4）、牛巴贝斯虫（cytb）、双胞杆菌（cytb）和嗜血性支原体（plasma）（16S rRNA或gapN）。在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州南部一个商业奶牛场的104头荷斯坦奶牛分娩后24小时内，一次性无菌采集血液（5 mL）和初乳（40 mL）。PCR检测结果显示，边缘弧菌、双头弧菌、牛弧菌和血浆的检出率分别为95.19%（99/104）、62.5%（65/104）、52.88%（55/104）和74.85%（82/104）。血液共感染以边缘弧菌加血浆最为常见。用PCR法对BC标本进行调查，发现22.12%的标本中存在上述病原体，其中边缘弧菌12.12%(12/99)，牛弧菌10.91%(6/55)，血浆6.1%（5/82）。未发现合并感染。这些发现突出了血液病原体控制管理的相关性，并表明，一旦垂直传播成为某些病原体的重要途径，就需要进一步调查微生物的生存能力及其流行病学作用。

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引用次数: 0

Infection caused by a parasite most closely related to Hepatozoon luiperdjie in cats from Hungary 匈牙利猫中由一种与吕佩杰肝虫最密切相关的寄生虫引起的感染

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102556

Gergő Kürtös , Nóra Rácz , Viktória Kassay , Krisztián Olaszy , Zsuzsanna Vizi , Anna Szilasi , Nóra Takács , Gergő Keve , Barbara Tuska-Szalay , Sándor Hornok

Feline hepatozoonosis, due to Hepatozoon felis, has been recently reported in wild cats from Central Europe. At the same time, only two isolated cases were reported in domestic cats, one in Austria, and another in Hungary. In the southern part of Central Europe, Hungary, three cats were presented at two small animal clinics in the course of 1.5 months, their most important clinical findings included anaemia (for all three cats), malignant neoplasia (case #1), chyloabdomen, splenomegaly and hepatic nodules (case #2), and dyspnoea (case #3). Hepatozoon gamonts measuring 12.3 × 6 μm were present in 0.1–0.3 % of the neutrophilic granulocytes. A nearly 1700 bp-long-part of the 18S rRNA gene of this species showed only 98.3 % and 97.7 % sequence identities with H. felis and H. silvestris, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of this long part of the 18S rRNA gene, this protozoon clustered separately, with moderately high (87 %) support, from H. felis and was a sister species to H. silvestris. In a shorter part of the 18S rRNA gene, the Hepatozoon species in this study had 99.6 % sequence identity to Hepatozoon luiperdjie, and they clustered together phylogenetically, although with low (56 %) support. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships, the protozoan parasite emerging among domestic cats in the southern part of Central Europe is a species most closely related to H. luiperdjie. The emergence of this protozoan parasite in the region warrants monitoring among domestic cats in other countries of Central Europe.

猫肝人畜共患病是由猫肝人畜共患病引起的，最近在中欧的野猫中有报道。同时，在家猫中只报告了两例孤立病例，一例在奥地利，另一例在匈牙利。在匈牙利中欧南部，三只猫在1.5个月的时间里被送到两个小动物诊所，它们最重要的临床表现包括贫血（所有三只猫）、恶性肿瘤（病例1）、乳糜腹、脾肿大和肝结节（病例2）以及呼吸困难（病例3）。0.1 ~ 0.3%的嗜中性粒细胞中存在12.3 × 6 μm大小的肝虫体。该物种18S rRNA基因近1700 bp的部分序列与felis H.和silvestris H.分别只有98.3%和97.7%的序列同源性。基于对18S rRNA基因长片段的系统发育分析，该原生动物与H. felis有较高的相似性（87%），是H. silvestris的姊妹种。在18S rRNA基因较短的部分，本研究的肝zoon物种与luiperdjie有99.6%的序列同源性，尽管支持度较低（56%），但它们在系统发育上聚集在一起。基于形态特征和系统发育关系，中欧南部家猫中出现的原生动物寄生虫是与吕佩杰亲缘关系最密切的一种。该地区出现的这种原生动物寄生虫值得在中欧其他国家的家猫中进行监测。

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引用次数: 0

Ferritin-mediated regulation of gut microbiota homeostasis promotes blood-feeding adaptation in the tick Haemaphysalis doenitzi 铁蛋白介导的肠道微生物群稳态调节促进蜱血蜱的吸血适应。

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102554

Zhihua Gao , Xiaofeng Xu , Yanqing Shi , Jiayi Zhang, Weijia Xing, Xinyu Zhang, Weikang Zhao, Ruya Cao, Xiaolong Yang

As obligate hematophagous parasites, ticks have evolved to cope with substantial amounts of iron and exogenous microorganisms present in host blood during feeding. In ticks, ferritin plays an important role in maintaining the oxidative balance of gut and the homeostasis of the microbial community structure, but its regulatory mechanism has not yet been clarified. This study successfully identified a ferritin gene from Haemaphysalis doenitzi, named Hd-fer, and further studied the function of Hd-fer. The results showed that rHd-fer had antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity. The expression of Hd-fer gene in the ovary and midgut was significantly higher than other organs, and the expression in adults was significantly higher than other stages. The Hd-fer gene knock-out significantly changed the abundance of the midgut microbial community, and the relative abundance decreased generally, while the relative abundance of Achromobacter increased. The knockout of Hd-fer gene also significantly changed the structural composition of the midgut microbial species, and pathogenic microorganisms showed a growing trend, producing their unique microbial genera, including Barnesiellaceae, Carnobacterium and Pediococcus. The RNA interference of Hd-fer led to prolonging the tick's blood sucking time and reducing engorged weight. The results of this study showed that Hd-fer may affect the stability of the midgut microbial community structure by regulating iron availability, which in turn plays an important role in the survival and reproduction of ticks. These findings provide novel insights into the role of ferritin in tick biology and highlight its potential as a target for controlling tick-borne diseases.

作为专性食血寄生虫，蜱虫已经进化到能够应对宿主血液中大量的铁和外源微生物。在蜱中，铁蛋白在维持肠道氧化平衡和微生物群落结构的稳态中起着重要作用，但其调控机制尚不清楚。本研究成功地从多尼茨血蜱中鉴定出一个铁蛋白基因，命名为Hd-fer，并进一步研究了Hd-fer的功能。结果表明，黄芪多糖具有抗氧化和抑菌活性。Hd-fer基因在卵巢和中肠的表达量显著高于其他脏器，在成虫中的表达量显著高于其他脏器。Hd-fer基因敲除显著改变了中肠微生物群落的丰度，其相对丰度普遍降低，而无色杆菌的相对丰度升高。Hd-fer基因的敲除也显著改变了中肠微生物种类的结构组成，致病微生物呈增长趋势，产生了其独特的微生物属，包括Barnesiellaceae、Carnobacterium和Pediococcus。Hd-fer的RNA干扰导致蜱虫吸血时间延长，充血体重减轻。本研究结果表明，Hd-fer可能通过调节铁的有效性来影响中肠微生物群落结构的稳定性，从而在蜱的生存和繁殖中发挥重要作用。这些发现为铁蛋白在蜱生物学中的作用提供了新的见解，并突出了它作为控制蜱传疾病的靶点的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity of equine piroplasmosis agents in Guadeloupe (Caribbeans): first report of Theileria haneyi, evaluation of diagnostic tools and impact of horse movement 瓜德罗普岛（加勒比地区）马螺形体病病原的遗传多样性：哈尼氏螺杆菌的首次报告、诊断工具的评估和马运动的影响

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102547

Mickaël Mège , Claire Bonsergent , Laetitia Viry , Mélanie Dhune , Sylvie Lecollinet , Laurence Malandrin

Equine piroplasmosis is a major tick-borne horse disease, caused by the intracellular development of piroplasms (Theileria equi sensu lato and Babesia caballi), with significant economic and sanitary consequences. In 2024, 203 blood samples were collected in Guadeloupe (Caribbean) from asymptomatic horses. Using an 18S rRNA nested PCR (nPCR) specific for each equine genus parasite, 79 samples tested positive for Theileria equi and 9 for Babesia caballi, resulting in respective prevalence of 38.9% and 4.4%. Three horses were co-infected. For B. caballi, 18S rRNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of the genotype A only. For T. equi, the genotypes A and C were evidenced as mono-infections A (16/79, 20.3% of the infected horses) or mono-infections C (15/79, 19.0% of the infected horses). Interestingly, mono-infections with T. equi genotype E (17/79, 21.5% of the infected horses) were also detected, but only on horses imported from Europe and especially from metropolitan France, where this genotype is dominant. Further characterization using published T. equi ema-1 and T. haneyi specific nPCRs revealed two major points. First, most 18S rRNA genotype C isolates (13/15) were detected using the T. haneyi specific nPCR. Second, the genotype E of T. equi could not be detected by any of these two nPCRs. Co-infection occurrence and types were then evaluated using a combination of the three analyses: 18S rRNA sequencing, T. haneyi specific nPCR and T. equi ema-1 nPCR. Horses co-infected with the genotypes A and C (T. haneyi) represented the main population (32/79, 40.5% of the infected horses), while the co-infections AE (5/79, 6.3% of the horses) and CE (2/79, 2.5% of the horses) were rare. One horse was detected with a triple infection ACE. Taking into account all detected genotypes (120), 45.0% of the isolates belonged to the genotype A (54/120), 38.3% to the genotype C T. haneyi (46/120) and 16.7% to the Eurasian genotype E (20/120). The rarity of co-infections with the genotype E and the absence of this genotype on locally born horses suggest the absence of transmission of the genotype E by locally present vector ticks.

This work represents the first molecular record of Theileria haneyi in South and Central America and in the Caribbeans. We also demonstrate the introduction of T. equi genotype E from Europe with infected horses but not its installation, as well as a diagnostic issue to detect this genotype using PCR targeting ema-1 gene.

马螺浆虫病是一种主要的蜱传马疾病，由螺浆虫（马感螺杆菌和巴贝斯虫）的细胞内发育引起，具有重大的经济和卫生后果。2024年，在瓜德罗普岛（加勒比）从无症状马身上采集了203份血液样本。采用针对马属寄生虫的18S rRNA巢式PCR （nPCR）检测，马伊勒菌阳性79份，卡巴贝斯虫阳性9份，阳性率分别为38.9%和4.4%。三匹马同时感染。对caballi的18S rRNA序列分析显示，caballi只存在A基因型。马弓形虫基因型A和C分别为单感染A（16/79, 20.3%）和单感染C（15/79, 19.0%）。有趣的是，马T. E基因型的单一感染（17/79,21.5%的感染马）也被检测到，但仅在从欧洲进口的马，特别是从法国大城市进口的马，这种基因型占主导地位。利用已发表的T. equi ma-1和T. haneyi特异性npcr进一步表征揭示了两个主要观点。首先，大多数18S rRNA基因型C分离株（13/15）采用哈尼伊t特异性nPCR检测。第二，这两种npcr均未检测到马氏弓形虫的E基因型。然后，利用18S rRNA测序、哈尼伊T.特异性nPCR和马T. -1 nPCR三种分析方法的组合来评估合并感染的发生和类型。同时感染基因型A和基因型C （T. haneyi）的马占主要群体（32/79,40.5%），而同时感染AE（5/79, 6.3%）和CE（2/79, 2.5%）的马较少。一匹马被检测出三重感染ACE。综合所有检测到的基因型（120株），45.0%为A基因型（54/120），38.3%为C T. haneyi基因型（46/120），16.7%为欧亚基因型E（20/120）。与E基因型合并感染的罕见性以及在当地出生的马身上不存在该基因型，表明E基因型没有通过当地存在的媒介蜱传播。这项工作代表了南、中美洲和加勒比地区的第一个哈尼氏菌分子记录。我们还演示了从欧洲引入马T.马基因型E，但没有安装，以及使用针对ema-1基因的PCR检测该基因型的诊断问题。

{"title":"Genetic diversity of equine piroplasmosis agents in Guadeloupe (Caribbeans): first report of Theileria haneyi, evaluation of diagnostic tools and impact of horse movement","authors":"Mickaël Mège , Claire Bonsergent , Laetitia Viry , Mélanie Dhune , Sylvie Lecollinet , Laurence Malandrin","doi":"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equine piroplasmosis is a major tick-borne horse disease, caused by the intracellular development of piroplasms (Theileria equi sensu lato and Babesia caballi), with significant economic and sanitary consequences. In 2024, 203 blood samples were collected in Guadeloupe (Caribbean) from asymptomatic horses. Using an 18S rRNA nested PCR (nPCR) specific for each equine genus parasite, 79 samples tested positive for Theileria equi and 9 for Babesia caballi, resulting in respective prevalence of 38.9% and 4.4%. Three horses were co-infected. For B. caballi, 18S rRNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of the genotype A only. For T. equi, the genotypes A and C were evidenced as mono-infections A (16/79, 20.3% of the infected horses) or mono-infections C (15/79, 19.0% of the infected horses). Interestingly, mono-infections with T. equi genotype E (17/79, 21.5% of the infected horses) were also detected, but only on horses imported from Europe and especially from metropolitan France, where this genotype is dominant. Further characterization using published T. equi ema-1 and T. haneyi specific nPCRs revealed two major points. First, most 18S rRNA genotype C isolates (13/15) were detected using the T. haneyi specific nPCR. Second, the genotype E of T. equi could not be detected by any of these two nPCRs. Co-infection occurrence and types were then evaluated using a combination of the three analyses: 18S rRNA sequencing, T. haneyi specific nPCR and T. equi ema-1 nPCR. Horses co-infected with the genotypes A and C (T. haneyi) represented the main population (32/79, 40.5% of the infected horses), while the co-infections AE (5/79, 6.3% of the horses) and CE (2/79, 2.5% of the horses) were rare. One horse was detected with a triple infection ACE. Taking into account all detected genotypes (120), 45.0% of the isolates belonged to the genotype A (54/120), 38.3% to the genotype C T. haneyi (46/120) and 16.7% to the Eurasian genotype E (20/120). The rarity of co-infections with the genotype E and the absence of this genotype on locally born horses suggest the absence of transmission of the genotype E by locally present vector ticks.</div><div>This work represents the first molecular record of Theileria haneyi in South and Central America and in the Caribbeans. We also demonstrate the introduction of T. equi genotype E from Europe with infected horses but not its installation, as well as a diagnostic issue to detect this genotype using PCR targeting ema-1 gene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49320,"journal":{"name":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 102547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Various small mammal hosts are involved in the transmission cycle of zoonotic Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Southeastern Canada 在加拿大东南部，各种小型哺乳动物宿主参与了人畜共患病嗜吞噬细胞无原体的传播周期

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102551

Raphaëlle Audet-Legault , Cécile Aenishaenslin , Geneviève Baron , Heather Coatsworth , Marion Desmarchelier , Vanessa Gabriele-Rivet , Patrick A․ Leighton , Jérôme Pelletier , Jean-Philippe Rocheleau , Catherine Bouchard

Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a tick-borne disease emerging in North America, caused by the zoonotic variant Ap-ha (human active) of the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. This research aimed to understand the reservoir competency of small mammals for Ap-ha in the province of Québec, Canada. To achieve this aim, wild small mammals were sampled from June to August in 2022 and 2023 and tested for Ap and its variants (Ap-ha, Ap-v1) using qPCR targeting the msp2 and 16S genes. In total, 547 small mammals from nine different taxa were live captured across two years. Nearly half (48.2 %) of small mammals carried at least one Ixodes scapularis tick larva and 29.3 % carried at least one I. scapularis nymph. The odds of Ap infection were three times higher in eastern chipmunks (OR = 2.98, p < 0.05) and five times lower in red squirrels (OR = 0.21, p < 0.01) when compared to Peromyscus spp. mice. When infected, Peromyscus mice and eastern chipmunks transmitted the infection on average to 6.8 % (CI95: 24.9–48.7) and 52.9 % (CI95: 16.7–89.1) of feeding larvae, respectively. An Ap variant could be identified in 90 % (109/121) of infected small mammals, all of which were the Ap-ha strain. In conclusion, eastern chipmunks and Peromyscus mice should be considered as reservoir hosts contributing to the transmission and emergence of anaplasmosis in Canada. This study also confirms the circulation of the Ap-ha variant within host and tick communities in Southeastern Canada.

人粒细胞无形体病（HGA）是一种在北美出现的蜱传疾病，由嗜吞噬细胞无形体菌的人畜共患变异Ap-ha（人活性）引起。本研究旨在了解加拿大曲海省Ap-ha小型哺乳动物的水库能力。为了实现这一目标，研究人员于2022年和2023年6月至8月取样了野生小型哺乳动物，并采用针对msp2和16S基因的qPCR检测了Ap及其变体（Ap-ha, Ap-v1）。在两年的时间里，总共捕获了来自9个不同分类群的547种小型哺乳动物。近一半（48.2%）的小兽类携带至少1只肩胛骨伊蚊幼虫，29.3%的小兽类携带至少1只肩胛骨伊蚊若虫。与Peromyscus sp .小鼠相比，东部花栗鼠感染Ap的几率是前者的3倍（OR = 2.98, p < 0.05），红松鼠感染Ap的几率是后者的5倍（OR = 0.21, p < 0.01）。经感染后，Peromyscus小鼠和东部花栗鼠的平均感染率分别为6.8% （CI95: 24.9 ~ 48.7）和52.9% （CI95: 16.7 ~ 89.1）。在90%（109/121）的感染小兽类中鉴定出Ap变异，均为Ap-ha株。综上所述，东部花栗鼠和Peromyscus小鼠应被认为是导致加拿大无形体病传播和出现的宿主。这项研究还证实了Ap-ha变异在加拿大东南部宿主和蜱虫群落中的传播。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing disease surveillance in rhinoceroses: A multiplex real-time PCR assay for detecting Theileria bicornis and Babesia bicornis 推进犀牛疾病监测：双角勒氏菌和巴贝斯虫多重实时PCR检测

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102552

Naledi P. Sekgobela , Ilse Vorster , Milana Troskie , Melvyn Quan , David E. Zimmerman , Ayesha Hassim , Luis Neves , Raksha V. Bhoora

Black (Diceros bicornis) and white (Ceratotherium simum) rhinoceroses in Southern Africa face multiple threats, including poaching, habitat loss, and translocation stress. Infections with Theileria bicornis (in both rhino species) and Babesia bicornis (confirmed only in black rhinos) add further health risks, with stressors such as translocation potentially increasing susceptibility. Effective management requires sensitive molecular diagnostic assays for accurate detection and surveillance. To address this, we developed a multiplex qPCR assay (MqTbBb) using species-specific TaqMan™ minor groove binder (MGB) probes for the simultaneous detection of T. bicornis and B. bicornis. The assay targets 18S rRNA gene regions, amplifying an 87 bp fragment for T. bicornis and a 51 bp fragment for B. bicornis, with efficiencies of 100 % and 98 %, respectively. Probit analysis determined a 95 % Limit of detection of 1.00 × 10⁻⁶ % and 6.27 × 10⁻⁶ % equivalent parasitized erythrocytes for T. bicornis and B. bicornis, respectively. No cross-reactivity was observed with other related protozoa tested. A total of 223 field samples from rhinos (101 black and 122 white) in Mpumalanga province were screened using both the MqTbBb and Reverse Line Blot (RLB) hybridization assays. The MqTbBb detected T. bicornis in 57 % of black and 99 % of white rhinos, with co-infections in 40 % of black rhinos. RLB detected T. bicornis in 96 % of black and 95 % of white rhinos, with a Babesia catch-all probe signal in 75 % and 32 %, respectively. B. bicornis was not detected by RLB and was never detected as a single infection by qPCR. These findings highlight high T. bicornis prevalence and rare B. bicornis infections (co-infections). The MqTbBb assay strengthens detection, surveillance, and conservation efforts.

非洲南部的黑犀牛（Diceros bicornis）和白犀牛（Ceratotherium simum）面临多种威胁，包括偷猎、栖息地丧失和迁移压力。双角梭菌（在两种犀牛中）和巴贝斯虫（仅在黑犀牛中得到证实）的感染进一步增加了健康风险，易位等压力因素可能会增加易感性。有效的管理需要灵敏的分子诊断分析来准确检测和监测。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一种多重qPCR检测（MqTbBb），使用物种特异性TaqMan™次要凹槽结合物（MGB）探针同时检测双角锥虫和双角锥虫。该方法以18S rRNA基因区域为靶点，分别扩增了双角天牛的87 bp和51 bp片段，扩增效率分别为100%和98%。概率分析确定了双角锥虫和双角锥虫寄生红细胞的检出限分别为1.00 × 10⁻26 %和6.27 × 10⁻26 %。与所测其他相关原生动物无交叉反应。采用MqTbBb和RLB杂交技术对普马兰加省223份野外犀牛样本（101头黑犀牛和122头白犀牛）进行了筛选。MqTbBb在57%的黑犀牛和99%的白犀牛中检测到双角锥虫，在40%的黑犀牛中检测到双角锥虫。RLB在96%的黑犀牛和95%的白犀牛中检测到双角锥虫，巴贝斯虫捕获信号分别为75%和32%。RLB未检测到双角锥虫，qPCR未检测到单一感染。这些发现突出了双角锥虫的高患病率和罕见的双角锥虫感染（合并感染）。MqTbBb检测加强了检测、监测和保护工作。

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引用次数: 0

Expression patterns of chemokine mediators and TLR10 in natural bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis infections 趋化因子介质和TLR10在天然牛巴贝斯虫病和无形体病感染中的表达模式

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102546

Mayne Barboza Sarti , Geovana Menegão de Souza , Camila Fagionato Agostinho , Gustavo Henrique Carvalho Borges , Flávia Fernanda Carneiro Santana , Luciana Morita Katiki , Anibal Eugênio Vercesi Filho , Ana Gonçalves Domingos , Rodrigo Giglioti

Cattle tick fever, caused by the protozoa Babesia bovis and B. bigemina and the rickettsial bacterium Anaplasma marginale, represents a significant constraint to livestock productivity worldwide. Taurine cattle are considered more susceptible to these hemoparasites than zebuine breeds. Chemokines and Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) play key roles in immune processes such as chemotaxis and inflammation, primarily through interactions with respective receptors. This study assessed the relationship between the expression of four chemokine-related genes (ccr3, cxcl12, cxcl8, and cxcr1) and one TLR (tlr10) with the infection levels of B. bovis, B. bigemina, and A. marginale in 24 naturally infected calves from two genetic groups (Angus [n = 13; 100% taurine] and Ultrablack [n = 11; 82% Angus, 18% zebuine]). Blood samples were collected every 30 days over six time points (Nov 2021–Apr 2022). DNA was used to quantify hemoparasite loads by qPCR (log DNA copy number, CNlog), while RNA was used for RT-qPCR-based gene expression analysis. A mixed model was used to assess associations between gene expression and infection levels, controlling for evaluation, sex, genetic group, and their interactions. All genes, except cxcl12, showed significant associations with at least one hemoparasite. Higher B. bovis and B. bigemina CNlog values were linked to reduced expression of most genes, whereas A. marginale infection was associated with increased gene expression. These findings highlight distinct immune modulation strategies by hemoparasites and underscore the need for species-specific interventions. Further studies are required to explore the mechanisms by which these mediators influence susceptibility or resistance in cattle.

牛蜱热是由牛巴贝斯虫和双头贝斯虫原生动物以及立克次体无原体边缘细菌引起的，是世界范围内牲畜生产力的一个重大制约因素。牛磺酸牛被认为比zebuine品种更容易感染这些血液寄生虫。趋化因子和toll样受体（TLRs）主要通过与各自受体的相互作用，在趋化和炎症等免疫过程中发挥关键作用。本研究评估了来自两个遗传群体（安格斯[n = 13； 100%牛乳]和超黑[n = 11； 82%安格斯，18% zebuine]）的24头自然感染小牛的4个趋化因子相关基因（ccr3、cxcl12、cxcl8和cxcr1）和1个TLR （tlr10）的表达与牛双头牛双头牛和边缘化牛双头牛感染水平的关系。在6个时间点（2021年11月- 2022年4月）每30天采集一次血样。采用DNA qPCR （log DNA拷贝数，CNlog）定量血寄生虫负荷，采用RNA rt -qPCR进行基因表达分析。混合模型用于评估基因表达与感染水平之间的关系，控制评估、性别、遗传群体及其相互作用。除excl12外，所有基因均与至少一种血液寄生虫有显著关联。较高的B. bovis和B. bigemina CNlog值与大多数基因表达降低有关，而A. marginale感染与基因表达增加有关。这些发现强调了血液寄生虫独特的免疫调节策略，并强调了物种特异性干预的必要性。需要进一步的研究来探索这些介质影响牛的易感性或抗性的机制。

{"title":"Expression patterns of chemokine mediators and TLR10 in natural bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis infections","authors":"Mayne Barboza Sarti , Geovana Menegão de Souza , Camila Fagionato Agostinho , Gustavo Henrique Carvalho Borges , Flávia Fernanda Carneiro Santana , Luciana Morita Katiki , Anibal Eugênio Vercesi Filho , Ana Gonçalves Domingos , Rodrigo Giglioti","doi":"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cattle tick fever, caused by the protozoa Babesia bovis and B. bigemina and the rickettsial bacterium Anaplasma marginale, represents a significant constraint to livestock productivity worldwide. Taurine cattle are considered more susceptible to these hemoparasites than zebuine breeds. Chemokines and Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) play key roles in immune processes such as chemotaxis and inflammation, primarily through interactions with respective receptors. This study assessed the relationship between the expression of four chemokine-related genes (ccr3, cxcl12, cxcl8, and cxcr1) and one TLR (tlr10) with the infection levels of B. bovis, B. bigemina, and A. marginale in 24 naturally infected calves from two genetic groups (Angus [n = 13; 100% taurine] and Ultrablack [n = 11; 82% Angus, 18% zebuine]). Blood samples were collected every 30 days over six time points (Nov 2021–Apr 2022). DNA was used to quantify hemoparasite loads by qPCR (log DNA copy number, CNlog), while RNA was used for RT-qPCR-based gene expression analysis. A mixed model was used to assess associations between gene expression and infection levels, controlling for evaluation, sex, genetic group, and their interactions. All genes, except cxcl12, showed significant associations with at least one hemoparasite. Higher B. bovis and B. bigemina CNlog values were linked to reduced expression of most genes, whereas A. marginale infection was associated with increased gene expression. These findings highlight distinct immune modulation strategies by hemoparasites and underscore the need for species-specific interventions. Further studies are required to explore the mechanisms by which these mediators influence susceptibility or resistance in cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49320,"journal":{"name":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 102546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assortative mating in Ixodes scapularis Say, 1821 (Acari: Ixodidae) 肩胛骨伊蚊的分类交配，1821（蜱螨亚纲：伊蚊科）。

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102550

Lorenza Beati , Matteo Montagna , Jean Tsao , Thierry de Meeûs

Mate choice influences levels of inbreeding and genetic diversity in natural populations. Positive assortative mating (PAM), for instance, has been described in Ixodes ricinus L., but this behavior has yet to be investigated in the closely related Ixodes scapularis Say, 1821. By analyzing nine microsatellite loci of 30 females and 30 males removed in copula from hunter-harvested deer specimens at the Savannah River Site (South Carolina) during the hunting season of fall 2010, we found a weak but significant assortative pairing signature in a population that, otherwise, appeared genetically homogeneous. This indicated that in spite of a low average relative relatedness between members of the same pair, the difference between observed and all other possible male-female pairs was highly significant. The results suggested that our non-coding microsatellite loci were drafted by genes coding for PAM, through genetic hitchhiking. To explain our data, such genes would need to be homogeneously distributed in the genome and span from a few genes with major effects on PAM to many genes with moderate or weak effects on PAM.

配偶选择影响着自然种群的近亲繁殖水平和遗传多样性。例如，正分类交配（PAM）已经在蓖麻伊蚊（Ixodes ricinus L.）中被描述，但这种行为尚未在密切相关的肩胛骨伊蚊（Ixodes肩胛骨伊蚊，1821）中被调查。通过分析2010年秋季狩猎季节从萨凡纳河遗址（南卡罗来纳州）采集的30只雌鹿和30只雄鹿标本的9个微卫星位点，我们在种群中发现了一个微弱但重要的分类配对特征，否则，它们在遗传上是同质的。这表明，尽管同一配对的成员之间的平均相对亲缘关系较低，但观察到的与所有其他可能的雄性-雌性配对之间的差异非常显著。结果表明，我们的非编码微卫星位点是由PAM编码基因通过搭便车的方式起草的。为了解释我们的数据，这些基因需要均匀分布在基因组中，并且从少数对PAM有主要影响的基因到许多对PAM有中等或弱影响的基因。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of the number of Lyme neuroborreliosis cases in European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) data and national public surveillance reports, 2018–2023 2018-2023年欧洲疾病预防控制中心（ECDC）数据和国家公共监测报告中莱姆病神经螺旋体病病例数的比较

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102542

Alexander Davidson , Frederick J. Angulo , Julie Davis , Kate Halsby , Gordon Brestrich , Jennifer C. Moïsi , James H. Stark

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common vector-borne disease in Europe. At least 29 European Economic Area (EEA) countries publish online LB surveillance reports. However, countries have different criteria for what is notifiable for LB surveillance, limiting comparability. EEA countries began reporting Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) cases, a disseminated LB manifestation, to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in 2018, using a uniform case definition. This analysis compared LNB data from ECDC and national surveillance reports to evaluate their utility in monitoring LB in Europe. LNB surveillance data from 2018 to 2023 were downloaded from ECDC. Nationally reported online LB surveillance data from EEA countries were identified and reviewed. Countries that reported LNB cases in national surveillance and to ECDC were included and case data were compared. Of 31 EEA countries during 2018 to 2023, 11 (35 %) differentiated LNB cases in their national published LB surveillance; eight of these also reported to ECDC. The number of LNB cases published in national reports in these eight countries did not exactly match the number of LNB cases reported to ECDC but overall disease trends were similar. Comparing the LNB cases from eight countries in ECDC and national surveillance demonstrates that both capture evolving LNB disease trends despite some differences in the number of cases reported to each. To allow for more robust comparisons of LB burden and trends across Europe, harmonizing case definitions and reporting mechanisms for LB would provide great value.

莱姆病（LB）是欧洲最常见的媒介传播疾病。至少有29个欧洲经济区（EEA）国家发布在线LB监测报告。然而，各国对LB监测应通报的内容有不同的标准，限制了可比性。欧洲经济区国家于2018年开始使用统一的病例定义向欧洲疾病预防和控制中心（ECDC）报告莱姆病神经螺旋体病（LNB）病例，这是一种播散性LB表现。该分析比较了ECDC的LNB数据和国家监测报告，以评估其在欧洲监测LB的效用。2018 - 2023年LNB监测数据下载自ECDC。确定并审查了欧洲经济区国家报告的全国在线LB监测数据。纳入了在国家监测中报告LNB病例的国家和向ECDC报告LNB病例的国家，并比较了病例数据。在2018年至2023年期间，31个欧洲经济区国家中，11个（35%）在其国家公布的LB监测中区分了LNB病例；其中8家也向ECDC报告。在这8个国家的国家报告中公布的LNB病例数与向ECDC报告的LNB病例数并不完全匹配，但总体疾病趋势相似。比较八个国家在ECDC和国家监测方面的LNB病例表明，尽管各自报告的病例数存在一些差异，但两者都捕捉到了LNB疾病的发展趋势。为了对整个欧洲的LB负担和趋势进行更有力的比较，统一LB的病例定义和报告机制将具有很大的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Rickettsial exposure in ruminants from Somalia 索马里反刍动物的立克次体暴露

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102543

Aamir M. Osman , Igor S. Silito , Ahmed A. Hassan-Kadle , Mohamed A. Shair , Abdalla M. Ibrahim , Maria Carolina A. Serpa , Thállitha S.W.J. Vieira , Marcelo B. Labruna , Rafael F.C. Vieira

Rickettsia spp. are Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria, with Rickettsia africae being transmitted by Amblyomma ticks and posing a zoonotic risk. The status of diseases like rickettsiosis is largely unknown in Somalia. Our study investigates rickettsial exposure in livestock across two different regions in the country. A cross-sectional study collected 372 (190 goats, 133 cattle, 49 sheep) serum samples from the Benadir and Lower Shabelle regions of Somalia. Indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) were used to detect anti-R. africae and anti-Rickettsia rhipicephali antibodies, with sera diluted in two-fold increments starting at 1:64. Out of 372 samples, 188/372 (50.5 %) (endpoint titer: 64–2048) were seropositive for rickettsial antigens, with R. africae alone detected in 78/372 (21.0 %) and R. rhipicephali alone in 38/372 (10.2 %). Co-reactivity to both rickettsial antigens occurred in 72/372 (19.4 %) of samples. Cattle showed the highest seroreactivity at 90.2 %, mainly for R. africae, followed by sheep at 28.6 %, and goats at 28.4 %. Cattle and sheep were more likely to be seropositive than goats (OR: 24.5 and 1.1, respectively). This study provides the first serological evidence of Rickettsia spp. in ruminants from Somalia. Our findings suggest heightened susceptibility in cattle, posing health risks to humans, especially if cattle are considered sentinels for human exposure to R. africae.

立克次体属革兰氏阴性专性细胞内细菌，非洲立克次体由蜱虫传播，具有人畜共患风险。在索马里，立克次体病等疾病的状况基本上是未知的。我们的研究调查了该国两个不同地区牲畜的立克次体暴露情况。横断面研究从索马里的贝纳迪尔和下谢贝利地区收集了372份血清样本（190只山羊、133头牛、49只绵羊）。间接免疫荧光法（IFA）检测抗r。非洲和抗根瘤体立克次体抗体，从1:64开始以两倍的增量稀释血清。在372份样本中，188/372份（50.5%）（终点滴度：64-2048）立克次体抗原血清阳性，其中78/372份（21.0%）检测到单独的非洲血吸虫，38/372份（10.2%）检测到单独的鼻管绦虫。372份样本中有72份（19.4%）对两种立克次体抗原发生共反应。牛的血清反应率最高，为90.2%，主要是非洲鼠，其次是绵羊（28.6%）和山羊（28.4%）。牛和绵羊比山羊更有可能呈血清阳性（OR分别为24.5和1.1）。本研究首次提供了索马里反刍动物立克次体的血清学证据。我们的研究结果表明，牛的易感性增加，对人类构成健康风险，特别是如果牛被认为是人类接触非洲R.的哨兵。

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引用次数: 0