Technovation最新文献_第2页

How could Generative AI support and add value to non-technology companies – A qualitative study 生成式人工智能如何支持非技术公司并为其增值--一项定性研究

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103124

Sachin Modgil , Shivam Gupta , Arpan Kumar Kar , Tuure Tuunanen

With the spread of generative AI, non-technology companies are also adopting it at a faster rate. Therefore, this study aims to study the appropriation of Generative AI to create value to non-technology businesses through a knowledge based view of the firm. To achieve this objective, we followed a semi-structured interview schedule, where 98 qualitative data points were collected and analysed. We follow open, axial and selective coding along with Gioia methodology for analysis. Findings indicate that companies employ Generative AI for risk management, where potential threats, impact of possible hazards and degree of uncertainty in the business environment are considered in decision-making. Generative AI also helps in knowledge integration, where assimilation, adaptation, application and implementation are achieved. Findings also suggest that an improved business outlook can be achieved regarding accurate demand forecasting, real-time insights, contextual understanding and alignment to the vision through Generative AI. It is also observed that companies are investing in Generative AI to achieve competitive advantage and greater significance. The contribution of this study lies in the development of four propositions and a framework for generative AI-driven value for non-technology companies. The framework also uncovers the internal flow among key elements from risk identification to integration to developing the outlook and driving utility.

随着生成式人工智能的普及，非技术企业也在以更快的速度采用它。因此，本研究旨在通过基于知识的企业视角，研究如何利用生成式人工智能为非技术企业创造价值。为实现这一目标，我们采用了半结构式访谈方法，收集并分析了 98 个定性数据点。我们采用开放式、轴向和选择性编码以及 Gioia 方法进行分析。研究结果表明，企业采用生成式人工智能进行风险管理，在决策中考虑潜在威胁、可能发生的危险的影响以及商业环境的不确定性程度。生成式人工智能还有助于知识整合，实现同化、适应、应用和实施。研究结果还表明，通过生成式人工智能，可以在准确的需求预测、实时洞察、背景理解和与愿景保持一致等方面改善业务前景。研究还发现，企业正在投资生成式人工智能，以实现竞争优势和更大的意义。本研究的贡献在于为非技术公司开发了四个命题和一个生成式人工智能驱动价值的框架。该框架还揭示了从风险识别到整合，再到发展前景和驱动效用等关键要素之间的内部流程。

{"title":"How could Generative AI support and add value to non-technology companies – A qualitative study","authors":"Sachin Modgil , Shivam Gupta , Arpan Kumar Kar , Tuure Tuunanen","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the spread of generative AI, non-technology companies are also adopting it at a faster rate. Therefore, this study aims to study the appropriation of Generative AI to create value to non-technology businesses through a knowledge based view of the firm. To achieve this objective, we followed a semi-structured interview schedule, where 98 qualitative data points were collected and analysed. We follow open, axial and selective coding along with Gioia methodology for analysis. Findings indicate that companies employ Generative AI for risk management, where potential threats, impact of possible hazards and degree of uncertainty in the business environment are considered in decision-making. Generative AI also helps in knowledge integration, where assimilation, adaptation, application and implementation are achieved. Findings also suggest that an improved business outlook can be achieved regarding accurate demand forecasting, real-time insights, contextual understanding and alignment to the vision through Generative AI. It is also observed that companies are investing in Generative AI to achieve competitive advantage and greater significance. The contribution of this study lies in the development of four propositions and a framework for generative AI-driven value for non-technology companies. The framework also uncovers the internal flow among key elements from risk identification to integration to developing the outlook and driving utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103124"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revolution or inflated expectations? Exploring the impact of generative AI on ideation in a practical sustainability context 革命还是期望过高？探索生成式人工智能在实际可持续发展背景下对构思的影响

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103123

Anja Eisenreich , Julian Just , Daniela Gimenez-Jimenez , Johann Füller

The integration of generative AI (GenAI) into corporate innovation processes represents a significant shift in ideation methodologies. This study examines the comparative effectiveness of AI-generated ideation and traditional expert workshops. In collaboration with BSH Home Appliances Group (BSH), ideas were generated and evaluated using both expert-based and AI-based methods in the context of sustainable packaging. The main quantitative analysis focuses on the quality dimensions of novelty, value, and feasibility. The results indicate that GenAI models such as ChatGPT not only match, but also occasionally outperform, those generated by expert sessions in terms of generating highly novel ideas. However, this increased novelty comes with a trade-off in perceived feasibility, highlighting a critical balance that must be managed in innovation efforts. A complementary qualitative analysis provides insights into potential barriers to integrating AI into ideation at the personal and organizational levels. Depending on the innovation setting, AI-based idea stimulation may limit the creativity and motivation of experts. Therefore, the form of AI integration should be adapted to the company's innovation context and should contribute to organizational learning. On the basis of these findings, guidelines are provided on how to effectively apply, and benefit from the use of, AI as a non-human intermediary to enhance the ideation process.

将人工智能生成技术（GenAI）融入企业创新流程代表着构思方法的重大转变。本研究探讨了人工智能生成式构思与传统专家研讨会的比较效果。通过与 BSH 家电集团（BSH）合作，以可持续包装为背景，使用基于专家和基于人工智能的方法生成并评估了创意。主要的定量分析侧重于新颖性、价值和可行性等质量维度。结果表明，ChatGPT 等 GenAI 模型在产生高度新颖的想法方面不仅能与专家会议产生的想法相媲美，有时甚至还优于专家会议产生的想法。然而，这种新颖性的提高伴随着可感知可行性的降低，突出了创新工作中必须把握的关键平衡。一项补充性定性分析深入揭示了在个人和组织层面将人工智能融入构思的潜在障碍。根据创新环境的不同，基于人工智能的创意激发可能会限制专家的创造力和积极性。因此，人工智能的整合形式应适应公司的创新环境，并应有助于组织学习。在这些研究结果的基础上，本文就如何有效应用人工智能作为非人类中介来加强构思过程并从中获益提供了指导。

{"title":"Revolution or inflated expectations? Exploring the impact of generative AI on ideation in a practical sustainability context","authors":"Anja Eisenreich , Julian Just , Daniela Gimenez-Jimenez , Johann Füller","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of generative AI (GenAI) into corporate innovation processes represents a significant shift in ideation methodologies. This study examines the comparative effectiveness of AI-generated ideation and traditional expert workshops. In collaboration with BSH Home Appliances Group (BSH), ideas were generated and evaluated using both expert-based and AI-based methods in the context of sustainable packaging. The main quantitative analysis focuses on the quality dimensions of novelty, value, and feasibility. The results indicate that GenAI models such as ChatGPT not only match, but also occasionally outperform, those generated by expert sessions in terms of generating highly novel ideas. However, this increased novelty comes with a trade-off in perceived feasibility, highlighting a critical balance that must be managed in innovation efforts. A complementary qualitative analysis provides insights into potential barriers to integrating AI into ideation at the personal and organizational levels. Depending on the innovation setting, AI-based idea stimulation may limit the creativity and motivation of experts. Therefore, the form of AI integration should be adapted to the company's innovation context and should contribute to organizational learning. On the basis of these findings, guidelines are provided on how to effectively apply, and benefit from the use of, AI as a non-human intermediary to enhance the ideation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103123"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond economic convenience: Unveiling the motives for engaging in food sharing initiatives 超越经济便利：揭示参与食物共享行动的动机

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103119

Jessica Bosisio , Gioele Zamparo , Alice Mazzucchelli , Roberto Chierici , Michela Cesarina Mason

Food waste is a major global problem nowadays because it negatively affects the environment, society, and the economy. Food sharing has lately emerged as an innovative solution to this problem, but little is known about the behavioral intentions of consumers with regard to food sharing initiatives. In this study, we use the theory of consumption values along with a mixed methods approach to analyze the key motives underlying consumers' intentions for using food sharing platforms. We develop a conceptual model to this end, and collect, analyze, and triangulate data to test it by using both a qualitative and a quantitative approach. The results highlight the relevance of epistemic, conditional, and social values in a communitarian sense in driving people's engagement in food sharing. Functional values were found to have a secondary importance for both users and non-users in this regard. A comparison between users and non-users also revealed that emotional values constitute an important factor for the latter. The study contributes to both theory and practice by highlighting the importance of such initiatives in addressing not only environmental issues, but also social needs, and hence contributing to the sustainable development of local communities.

食物浪费是当今一个重大的全球性问题，因为它会对环境、社会和经济产生负面影响。近来，食物共享已成为解决这一问题的创新方案，但人们对消费者使用食物共享的行为意向却知之甚少。在本研究中，我们运用消费价值观理论和混合方法，分析了消费者使用食品共享平台的主要动机。为此，我们建立了一个概念模型，并通过定性和定量方法收集、分析和三角测量数据，以检验该模型。研究结果凸显了认识价值、条件价值和社群意义上的社会价值在推动人们参与食物分享方面的相关性。在这方面，功能价值对使用者和非使用者来说都是次要的。对使用者和非使用者进行比较后还发现，情感价值观是后者的一个重要因素。本研究强调了此类倡议在解决环境问题和社会需求方面的重要性，从而有助于当地社区的可持续发展，对理论和实践都有所贡献。

{"title":"Beyond economic convenience: Unveiling the motives for engaging in food sharing initiatives","authors":"Jessica Bosisio , Gioele Zamparo , Alice Mazzucchelli , Roberto Chierici , Michela Cesarina Mason","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food waste is a major global problem nowadays because it negatively affects the environment, society, and the economy. Food sharing has lately emerged as an innovative solution to this problem, but little is known about the behavioral intentions of consumers with regard to food sharing initiatives. In this study, we use the theory of consumption values along with a mixed methods approach to analyze the key motives underlying consumers' intentions for using food sharing platforms. We develop a conceptual model to this end, and collect, analyze, and triangulate data to test it by using both a qualitative and a quantitative approach. The results highlight the relevance of epistemic, conditional, and social values in a communitarian sense in driving people's engagement in food sharing. Functional values were found to have a secondary importance for both users and non-users in this regard. A comparison between users and non-users also revealed that emotional values constitute an important factor for the latter. The study contributes to both theory and practice by highlighting the importance of such initiatives in addressing not only environmental issues, but also social needs, and hence contributing to the sustainable development of local communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103119"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing discriminatory bias in artificial intelligence systems operated by companies: An analysis of end-user perspectives 解决公司运营的人工智能系统中的歧视性偏见：对最终用户观点的分析

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103118

Rafael Lucas Borba , Iuri Emmanuel de Paula Ferreira , Paulo Henrique Bertucci Ramos

The use of AI in different applications for different purposes has raised concerns due to discriminatory biases that have been identified in the technology. This paper aims to identify and analyze some of the main measures proposed by Bill No. 2338/23 of the Federative Republic of Brazil to combat discriminatory bias that companies should adopt to provide and/or operate fair and non-discriminatory AIs. To do so, it will first attempt to measure and analyze people's perceptions of the possibility that AI systems are discriminatory. For this a qualitative descriptive exploratory was made using as a reference sample the inhabitants of the Southeast region of Brasil. The survey results suggest that people are more aware that AIs are not neutral and that they may come to incorporate and reproduce prejudices and discriminations present in society. The incorporation of such biases is the result of issues related to the quality and diversity of the data used, inaccuracies in the algorithms employed, and biases on the part of both developers and operators. Thus, this work sought to reduce this gap and at the same time break the barrier of the lack of dialogue with the public in order to contribute to a democratic debate with society.

人工智能在不同应用领域的不同用途引起了人们的关注，原因是在该技术中发现了歧视性偏见。本文旨在确定和分析巴西联邦共和国第 2338/23 号法案提出的一些主要措施，以打击歧视性偏见，公司应采取这些措施来提供和/或运行公平和非歧视性的人工智能。为此，本报告将首先尝试衡量和分析人们对人工智能系统可能具有歧视性的看法。为此，我们以巴西东南部地区的居民为参考样本，进行了定性描述探索。调查结果表明，人们更加意识到人工智能并非中立，它们可能会吸收和复制社会中存在的偏见和歧视。造成这种偏见的原因包括所使用数据的质量和多样性、所使用算法的不准确性以及开发人员和操作人员的偏见。因此，这项工作试图缩小这一差距，同时打破与公众缺乏对话的障碍，以促进与社会的民主辩论。

{"title":"Addressing discriminatory bias in artificial intelligence systems operated by companies: An analysis of end-user perspectives","authors":"Rafael Lucas Borba , Iuri Emmanuel de Paula Ferreira , Paulo Henrique Bertucci Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of AI in different applications for different purposes has raised concerns due to discriminatory biases that have been identified in the technology. This paper aims to identify and analyze some of the main measures proposed by Bill No. 2338/23 of the Federative Republic of Brazil to combat discriminatory bias that companies should adopt to provide and/or operate fair and non-discriminatory AIs. To do so, it will first attempt to measure and analyze people's perceptions of the possibility that AI systems are discriminatory. For this a qualitative descriptive exploratory was made using as a reference sample the inhabitants of the Southeast region of Brasil. The survey results suggest that people are more aware that AIs are not neutral and that they may come to incorporate and reproduce prejudices and discriminations present in society. The incorporation of such biases is the result of issues related to the quality and diversity of the data used, inaccuracies in the algorithms employed, and biases on the part of both developers and operators. Thus, this work sought to reduce this gap and at the same time break the barrier of the lack of dialogue with the public in order to contribute to a democratic debate with society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103118"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing industrial AI capabilities: An organisational learning perspective 发展工业人工智能能力：组织学习视角

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103120

Paavo Ritala , Päivi Aaltonen , Mika Ruokonen , Andre Nemeh

Incumbent industrial firms are putting in a lot of effort in developing capabilities for machine learning (ML) systems that help them better predict and perform a variety of industrial and business processes and decisions. Given the data-, process-, and organizational structure-related requirements for effective implementation of such systems, these organizations encounter a major challenge in developing capabilities in this context. However, the existing literature has yet to unravel the organizational processes and practices associated with artificial intelligence (AI) capability development and deployment in industrial incumbent firms. The present study frames AI adoption in established industrial firms as a process of history-embedded, situated organizational learning involving explorative and exploitative learning. Based on a qualitative study of seven firms utilizing ML algorithms in their industrial and business processes, we develop a grounded model that explains AI capability building as both enabled and constrained by perceptual and functional triggers and barriers, leveraged via communicative and structural practices, and resulting in ongoing and interdependent processes of exploration and exploitation. The study contributes to the literature by showing how the convergence of organizational learning and AI technology's unique features promotes a distinct dynamic of AI capability building and deployment.

现有的工业企业正在花大力气开发机器学习（ML）系统的能力，以帮助它们更好地预测和执行各种工业和业务流程及决策。鉴于有效实施此类系统需要满足与数据、流程和组织结构相关的要求，这些组织在开发这方面的能力时遇到了重大挑战。然而，现有文献尚未揭示工业现有企业中与人工智能（AI）能力开发和部署相关的组织流程和实践。本研究将老牌工业企业采用人工智能的过程视为一个历史嵌入式、情景化的组织学习过程，其中涉及探索性学习和利用性学习。基于对七家在其工业和业务流程中使用人工智能算法的公司进行的定性研究，我们建立了一个基础模型，解释了人工智能能力建设既受感知和功能触发因素及障碍的影响，又受其制约，通过沟通和结构实践加以利用，并导致持续和相互依存的探索和利用过程。本研究通过展示组织学习与人工智能技术独特功能的融合如何促进人工智能能力建设和部署的独特动态，为相关文献做出了贡献。

{"title":"Developing industrial AI capabilities: An organisational learning perspective","authors":"Paavo Ritala , Päivi Aaltonen , Mika Ruokonen , Andre Nemeh","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incumbent industrial firms are putting in a lot of effort in developing capabilities for machine learning (ML) systems that help them better predict and perform a variety of industrial and business processes and decisions. Given the data-, process-, and organizational structure-related requirements for effective implementation of such systems, these organizations encounter a major challenge in developing capabilities in this context. However, the existing literature has yet to unravel the organizational processes and practices associated with artificial intelligence (AI) capability development and deployment in industrial incumbent firms. The present study frames AI adoption in established industrial firms as a process of history-embedded, situated organizational learning involving explorative and exploitative learning. Based on a qualitative study of seven firms utilizing ML algorithms in their industrial and business processes, we develop a grounded model that explains AI capability building as both enabled and constrained by perceptual and functional triggers and barriers, leveraged via communicative and structural practices, and resulting in ongoing and interdependent processes of exploration and exploitation. The study contributes to the literature by showing how the convergence of organizational learning and AI technology's unique features promotes a distinct dynamic of AI capability building and deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103120"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The more, the merrier or the less is more? The role of firm capabilities and industry in the knowledge spillover of innovation 越多越好还是越少越好？企业能力和行业在创新知识溢出中的作用

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103115

David Bruce Audretsch , Maksim Belitski , Anna Spadavecchia , Shaker A. Zahra

This study advances our understanding of the complementary and substitute relationships between investment in firm capabilities and two types of knowledge spillovers. We use three matched databases of 15,259 most innovative firms in the United Kingdom (UK) during 2002–2014 to demonstrate the joint effect of knowledge spillovers within and between industries and firm capabilities on firm innovation. This study furthers our understanding in three significant ways. First, it supports the dual nature of the R&D story. Secondly, it demonstrates that the relationship between knowledge spillovers and firm innovation is nuanced and depends on the extent to which a firm decides to invest in internal R&D, leading to either a substitution or complementarity effect between R&D and a type of knowledge spillover. Thirdly, the relationship may be different across industries. While all industries benefit from investment in internal R&D and spillovers, the creative industry does not experience the substitution effect, and knowledge-intensive business services exhibit both substitution and complementarity effects, which are accelerated by internal investment in R&D.

本研究加深了我们对企业能力投资与两类知识外溢之间的互补和替代关系的理解。我们利用 2002-2014 年间英国 15,259 家最具创新性企业的三个匹配数据库，证明了行业内和行业间的知识外溢与企业能力对企业创新的共同影响。这项研究从三个重要方面加深了我们的理解。首先，它支持研发故事的双重性质。其次，它证明了知识外溢与企业创新之间的关系是微妙的，取决于企业决定投资于内部研发的程度，从而导致研发与某类知识外溢之间的替代或互补效应。第三，不同行业之间的关系可能不同。虽然所有行业都能从内部研发投资和溢出效应中获益，但创意产业不会出现替代效应，而知识密集型商业服务业则同时表现出替代效应和互补效应，内部研发投资会加速这种效应。

{"title":"The more, the merrier or the less is more? The role of firm capabilities and industry in the knowledge spillover of innovation","authors":"David Bruce Audretsch , Maksim Belitski , Anna Spadavecchia , Shaker A. Zahra","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study advances our understanding of the complementary and substitute relationships between investment in firm capabilities and two types of knowledge spillovers. We use three matched databases of 15,259 most innovative firms in the United Kingdom (UK) during 2002–2014 to demonstrate the joint effect of knowledge spillovers within and between industries and firm capabilities on firm innovation. This study furthers our understanding in three significant ways. First, it supports the dual nature of the R&D story. Secondly, it demonstrates that the relationship between knowledge spillovers and firm innovation is nuanced and depends on the extent to which a firm decides to invest in internal R&D, leading to either a substitution or complementarity effect between R&D and a type of knowledge spillover. Thirdly, the relationship may be different across industries. While all industries benefit from investment in internal R&D and spillovers, the creative industry does not experience the substitution effect, and knowledge-intensive business services exhibit both substitution and complementarity effects, which are accelerated by internal investment in R&D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103115"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ballasts of the entrepreneurial ecosystem 创业生态系统的镇流器

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103113

Thomas G. Pittz

Entrepreneurial ecosystem research has developed into a distinct field of study and extant frameworks and models consider the heterogeneous characteristics of ecosystems as a focal point for policymakers seeking to bolster regional entrepreneurial performance. Despite theoretical consensus on these issues, however, entrepreneurial ecosystem research has achieved only modest results in practice for catalyzing entrepreneurial activity. This is largely due to current models providing opaque targets for policymakers to focus their energies, a quandary that this qualitative study attempts to resolve. This research suggests that practical results can be improved by concentrating resource allocations on regional entrepreneurial ecosystem ballasts, which represent the various stakeholders who serve important roles as connectors, vettors, promoters, and chroniclers to catalyze entrepreneurial activity and support cultural heterogeneity. Concomitantly, this research also builds upon previous scholarship which has attempted to connect ecosystem attributes with the benefits that they provide to entrepreneurs.

创业生态系统研究已发展成为一个独特的研究领域，现有的框架和模型将生态系统的异质性特征视为决策者寻求提高地区创业绩效的焦点。尽管理论界对这些问题已达成共识，但创业生态系统研究在催化创业活动的实践中却收效甚微。这在很大程度上是由于当前的模式为政策制定者提供了不透明的目标，使其无法集中精力，而本定性研究正是要解决这一窘境。这项研究表明，将资源分配集中在地区创业生态系统的 "压舱石 "上，可以改善实际效果。"压舱石 "代表了各种利益相关者，他们在催化创业活动和支持文化异质性方面发挥着连接者、审核者、推动者和记录者的重要作用。与此同时，本研究还借鉴了以往的研究成果，试图将生态系统的属性与创业者的利益联系起来。

引用次数: 0

Beyond complementarity and substitutability? Understanding relational governance and formal contracts in university-industry collaborations for innovation 超越互补性和可替代性？了解产学合作创新中的关系治理和正式合同

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103100

Hsing-fen Lee , Marcela Miozzo

Despite recent attention in the literature on the governance of inter-organisational relationships to a process perspective, existing literature tends to neglect the heterogeneity between parties and the various paths and outcomes through which organisations manage to work together towards agreed goals and overcome their conflicts and contradictions. Inter-organisational collaborations for innovation (and university-industry collaborations in particular) involve many trade-offs and a complex process of joint problem-solving and knowledge transfer. We draw on an original survey of university academics and their collaborations for innovation with industry, and employ a configuration approach and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore the interrelated and complex dynamics. We find that in university-industry collaborations aimed at upstream research involving novel scientific knowledge, where goals and deliverables are ambiguous and uncertain, two mechanisms support the collaboration. These include, first, a combination of relational governance and formal contracts and, second, relational governance alone. In contrast, in collaborations for the setting up of spin-offs, where goals and deliverables are specific and clear, only a combination of relational governance and formal contracts supports the collaborations. Formal contracts are always core to facilitating such collaborations. We uncover how different dimensions of relational governance are conducive to the development of, and knowledge transfer in, the different types of collaborations in combination with formal contracts. We thus go beyond debates over the complementarity or substitutability of relational governance and formal contracts in inter-organisational collaborations by exploring in more detail the nature, paths and outcomes of such relationships. We also contribute to extending the university-industry collaboration literature by showing the governance conditions associated with knowledge exchange attributes of different types and phases of university-industry collaborations.

尽管近期有关组织间关系治理的文献关注过程视角，但现有文献往往忽视了各方之间的异质性，以及各组织为实现商定目标、克服冲突和矛盾而共同努力的各种途径和结果。组织间的创新合作（尤其是产学合作）涉及许多权衡，以及共同解决问题和知识转移的复杂过程。我们借鉴了一项针对大学学术界及其与产业界创新合作的原创调查，并采用配置法和模糊集定性比较分析来探索相互关联的复杂动态。我们发现，在以涉及新科学知识的上游研究为目标的产学合作中，目标和交付成果是模糊和不确定的，有两种机制支持着合作。首先是关系管理与正式合同的结合，其次是单纯的关系管理。与此相反，在为建立附带利益而开展的合作中，目标和成果是具体而明确的，只有关系治理和正式合同相结合才能为合作提供支持。正式合同始终是促进此类合作的核心。我们揭示了关系治理的不同层面如何与正式合同相结合，促进不同类型合作的发展和知识转移。因此，我们超越了关于组织间合作中关系治理和正式合同的互补性或替代性的争论，更详细地探讨了这种关系的性质、路径和结果。我们还通过展示不同类型和不同阶段的产学合作中与知识交流属性相关的治理条件，为扩展产学合作文献做出了贡献。

{"title":"Beyond complementarity and substitutability? Understanding relational governance and formal contracts in university-industry collaborations for innovation","authors":"Hsing-fen Lee , Marcela Miozzo","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite recent attention in the literature on the governance of inter-organisational relationships to a process perspective, existing literature tends to neglect the heterogeneity between parties and the various paths and outcomes through which organisations manage to work together towards agreed goals and overcome their conflicts and contradictions. Inter-organisational collaborations for innovation (and university-industry collaborations in particular) involve many trade-offs and a complex process of joint problem-solving and knowledge transfer. We draw on an original survey of university academics and their collaborations for innovation with industry, and employ a configuration approach and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore the interrelated and complex dynamics. We find that in university-industry collaborations aimed at upstream research involving novel scientific knowledge, where goals and deliverables are ambiguous and uncertain, two mechanisms support the collaboration. These include, first, a combination of relational governance and formal contracts and, second, relational governance alone. In contrast, in collaborations for the setting up of spin-offs, where goals and deliverables are specific and clear, only a combination of relational governance and formal contracts supports the collaborations. Formal contracts are always core to facilitating such collaborations. We uncover how different dimensions of relational governance are conducive to the development of, and knowledge transfer in, the different types of collaborations in combination with formal contracts. We thus go beyond debates over the complementarity or substitutability of relational governance and formal contracts in inter-organisational collaborations by exploring in more detail the nature, paths and outcomes of such relationships. We also contribute to extending the university-industry collaboration literature by showing the governance conditions associated with knowledge exchange attributes of different types and phases of university-industry collaborations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103100"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Power dynamics in transaction platforms: Adaptive strategies of platform-dependent entrepreneurs 交易平台中的权力动态：依赖平台的企业家的适应战略

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103114

Kisito F. Nzembayie , Natasha Evers , David Urbano

This study investigates the adaptive strategies of platform-dependent entrepreneurs (PDEs) to mitigate venture survival risks associated with power asymmetries on transaction platforms. Using an embedded single case study design, we explore the decade-long survival of a PDE's firm in EdTech, focusing on its relationship with two dominant platforms, Google Search and AdSense. Our findings culminate in a robust framework that elucidates the strategic responses of PDEs to the challenges of power imbalance and its exercise through platform governance. Critically, the study reveals that PDEs assert their self-determination in a two-step process that is best observed over time. Strategic subjectification, followed by multihoming and diversification, can be observed over a long temporal duration, emerging as crucial mechanisms for managing dependency risks. This study contributes to the platform strategy literature by shifting the focus from owners to participants, simultaneously illuminating entrepreneurial resilience amid power-related uncertainties.

本研究探讨了依赖平台的创业者（PDEs）为降低与交易平台上权力不对称相关的风险企业生存风险而采取的适应性策略。通过嵌入式单一案例研究设计，我们探讨了教育科技领域一家 PDE 公司长达十年的生存状况，重点关注其与谷歌搜索和 AdSense 这两个主导平台的关系。我们的研究结果最终形成了一个稳健的框架，阐明了 PDE 应对权力不平衡挑战的战略对策，以及通过平台管理实现权力不平衡的方法。重要的是，这项研究揭示了 PDE 在一个两步过程中坚持其自决权，这个过程随着时间的推移得到了最好的观察。战略主体化以及随后的多重归属和多样化可以在很长一段时间内观察到，成为管理依赖风险的关键机制。本研究将焦点从所有者转向参与者，同时阐明了企业在与权力相关的不确定性中的应变能力，从而为平台战略文献做出了贡献。

引用次数: 0

Technical environment matters: The effect of dynamic network capability on innovation based on a moderated mediation analysis 技术环境很重要：基于调节中介分析的动态网络能力对创新的影响

IF 11.1 1区管理学 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Technovation

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103116

Yan Wang , Naiding Yang , Sayed Muhammad Fawad Sharif , Mingzhen Zhang , Min Guo

In the era of networked research and development, where the environment is continuously changing and evolving, complex product innovation requires the ongoing configuration of external partnerships. This necessity highlights the growing importance of dynamic network capability (DNC). However, the existing literature on how DNC influences innovation remains inadequate, which significantly hinders both the theoretical and practical development of DNC. Drawing on dynamic capabilities theory and social embeddedness theory, this paper investigates the effect of DNC on innovation, focusing on the mediating role of dynamic positioning and the moderating role of the technical environment. Based on data from a sample of 270 complex product firms across eight key cities in China, the results indicate that DNC is significantly and positively correlated with complex product innovation. Moreover, dynamic positioning, characterized by increased centrality (CI), acts as a mediator in this relationship. The technical environment plays a dual role in this context: externally (industry), technological turbulence (TT) amplifies the impact of DNC on CI, while internally (product), technological complexity (TC) diminishes this impact. Further moderated mediation analysis supports these findings, showing that TT enhances the mediating effect of CI on the relationship between DNC and innovation, whereas TC weakens this effect. Interestingly, TT and TC do not jointly moderate the above relationship. When both internal (product) and external (industry) technical environments are considered simultaneously, the moderating effect of external (industry) TT proves to be more significant.

在环境不断变化和发展的网络化研发时代，复杂的产品创新需要不断建立外部合作伙伴关系。这种必要性凸显了动态网络能力（DNC）日益增长的重要性。然而，关于动态网络能力如何影响创新的现有文献仍然不足，这极大地阻碍了动态网络能力的理论和实践发展。本文借鉴动态能力理论和社会嵌入理论，研究了 DNC 对创新的影响，重点关注动态定位的中介作用和技术环境的调节作用。基于中国八个重点城市 270 家复杂产品企业的样本数据，结果表明 DNC 与复杂产品创新显著正相关。此外，以中心度（CI）增加为特征的动态定位在这一关系中起到了中介作用。在这种情况下，技术环境扮演着双重角色：从外部（行业）看，技术动荡（TT）扩大了 DNC 对 CI 的影响，而从内部（产品）看，技术复杂性（TC）则削弱了这种影响。进一步的调节中介分析支持这些结论，显示技术动荡增强了 CI 对 DNC 与创新之间关系的中介效应，而技术复杂性则削弱了这种效应。有趣的是，TT 和 TC 并没有共同调节上述关系。当同时考虑内部（产品）和外部（行业）技术环境时，外部（行业）TT 的调节作用更为显著。

{"title":"Technical environment matters: The effect of dynamic network capability on innovation based on a moderated mediation analysis","authors":"Yan Wang , Naiding Yang , Sayed Muhammad Fawad Sharif , Mingzhen Zhang , Min Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the era of networked research and development, where the environment is continuously changing and evolving, complex product innovation requires the ongoing configuration of external partnerships. This necessity highlights the growing importance of dynamic network capability (DNC). However, the existing literature on how DNC influences innovation remains inadequate, which significantly hinders both the theoretical and practical development of DNC. Drawing on dynamic capabilities theory and social embeddedness theory, this paper investigates the effect of DNC on innovation, focusing on the mediating role of dynamic positioning and the moderating role of the technical environment. Based on data from a sample of 270 complex product firms across eight key cities in China, the results indicate that DNC is significantly and positively correlated with complex product innovation. Moreover, dynamic positioning, characterized by increased centrality (CI), acts as a mediator in this relationship. The technical environment plays a dual role in this context: externally (industry), technological turbulence (TT) amplifies the impact of DNC on CI, while internally (product), technological complexity (TC) diminishes this impact. Further moderated mediation analysis supports these findings, showing that TT enhances the mediating effect of CI on the relationship between DNC and innovation, whereas TC weakens this effect. Interestingly, TT and TC do not jointly moderate the above relationship. When both internal (product) and external (industry) technical environments are considered simultaneously, the moderating effect of external (industry) TT proves to be more significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49444,"journal":{"name":"Technovation","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103116"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0