Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.11.008
Chih-Ping Chen
{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a 1.244-Mb 5q34 deletion encompassing GABRB2, GABRA6, GABRA1 and GABRG2 in a fetus with an aberrant chromosome 5 or add(5)(q33.1) at amniocentesis","authors":"Chih-Ping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 136-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.10.003
Ming-Chao Huang , Jian-Pei Huang , Hsin-Ling Lee
Objective
To compare competency outcomes between Taiwan's traditional 4-year and reformed 3-year obstetrics and gynecology (Ob-Gyn) residency programs implemented after the 2013 medical education reform.
Materials and methods
Ninety-eight first-time examinees in the 2024 TAOG specialist examination were analyzed: 70 completed the traditional 7-year medical curriculum, followed by 1 year of PGY training and 4 years of Ob-Gyn residency; 28 followed the reformed 6-year medical curriculum, completed PGY1, transitioned into Ob-Gyn PGY2, and subsequently finished a 3-year residency. All candidates underwent milestone-based assessments across six ACGME core competencies. Examination pass rates and mean scores were compared.
Results
The 3-year group achieved a 100 % pass rate, compared with 92.9 % in the 4-year group. Mean exam scores were similar between groups (multiple choice 80.7 vs. 80.6; oral 72.9 vs. 71.0; image-based 55.9 vs. 55.9). Milestone assessments showed slightly higher scores in the 4-year group (overall 4.1 vs. 3.9), but differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The reformed 3-year program yielded competency and certification outcomes equivalent to the traditional 4-year pathway, supporting the feasibility of shortened, competency-based residency training in Taiwan.
目的比较2013年医学教育改革后台湾传统4年制与改革后3年制妇产科住院医师的胜任力结果。材料与方法对2024年TAOG专科考试首次参加考试的98名考生进行分析：70名完成了传统的7年医学课程，随后进行了1年的PGY培训和4年的妇产科住院医师培训；28人完成了改革后的6年医学课程，完成了PGY1，过渡到妇产科PGY2，随后完成了3年的住院医师。所有候选人都在六个ACGME核心能力方面进行了里程碑式的评估。比较考试通过率和平均分。结果3年组通过率为100%，4年组通过率为92.9%。各组平均考试成绩相似（选择题80.7 vs. 80.6；口语72.9 vs. 71.0；图像55.9 vs. 55.9）。里程碑评估显示4年组的得分略高（总体4.1比3.9），但差异无统计学意义。结论改革后的3年培训项目与传统的4年培训项目的能力和认证结果相当，支持台湾缩短的、基于能力的住院医师培训的可行性。
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of Taiwan's medical education reform: A milestone-based comparison of two Ob-Gyn training models","authors":"Ming-Chao Huang , Jian-Pei Huang , Hsin-Ling Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare competency outcomes between Taiwan's traditional 4-year and reformed 3-year obstetrics and gynecology (Ob-Gyn) residency programs implemented after the 2013 medical education reform.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Ninety-eight first-time examinees in the 2024 TAOG specialist examination were analyzed: 70 completed the traditional 7-year medical curriculum, followed by 1 year of PGY training and 4 years of Ob-Gyn residency; 28 followed the reformed 6-year medical curriculum, completed PGY1, transitioned into Ob-Gyn PGY2, and subsequently finished a 3-year residency. All candidates underwent milestone-based assessments across six ACGME core competencies. Examination pass rates and mean scores were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 3-year group achieved a 100 % pass rate, compared with 92.9 % in the 4-year group. Mean exam scores were similar between groups (multiple choice 80.7 vs. 80.6; oral 72.9 vs. 71.0; image-based 55.9 vs. 55.9). Milestone assessments showed slightly higher scores in the 4-year group (overall 4.1 vs. 3.9), but differences were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The reformed 3-year program yielded competency and certification outcomes equivalent to the traditional 4-year pathway, supporting the feasibility of shortened, competency-based residency training in Taiwan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 60-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.05.021
Gwo-Chin Ma , Chi-Fang Lin , Wen-Hsiang Lin , Shun-Ping Chang , Dong-Jay Lee , Mei-Hui Lee , Yi-Shing Lin , Ming Chen
Objective
Hidden translocations (HTs) are balanced chromosomal exchanges that evade detection by conventional cytogenetic analyses. Their clinical identification is challenging but may be inferred from atypical findings of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).
Case report
PGT was performed for a family with multiple congenital anomalies and recurrent pregnancy loss, in which only a 3.6 Mb deletion at 11p15.1p14.3 of uncertain clinical significance and a clinically relevant 2.9 Mb deletion at 15q26.1 in the affected father were initially identified. Linkage analysis focusing on the 15q26.1 deletion revealed an atypical allele segregation pattern. Meanwhile, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) repeatedly detected a 15q26.2q26.3 duplication together with an 18q22.3q23 deletion in embryos, suggesting a parental HT involving 15qter and 18qter. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) subsequently confirmed a HT occurring in cis with the paternal 15q26.1 deletion.
Conclusion
This case illustrates how integrating PGT findings with parental analyses can reveal cryptic structural rearrangements. The combined use of linkage analysis and aCGH enabled accurate detection of embryo aneuploidies and structural variants, helping prevent the transmission of pathogenic alterations and improving reproductive outcomes.
{"title":"Hidden translocation between 15qter and 18qter impressed during cycles of preimplantation genetic testing using linkage analyses and chromosome microarray subsequently verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization","authors":"Gwo-Chin Ma , Chi-Fang Lin , Wen-Hsiang Lin , Shun-Ping Chang , Dong-Jay Lee , Mei-Hui Lee , Yi-Shing Lin , Ming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hidden translocations (HTs) are balanced chromosomal exchanges that evade detection by conventional cytogenetic analyses. Their clinical identification is challenging but may be inferred from atypical findings of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>PGT was performed for a family with multiple congenital anomalies and recurrent pregnancy loss, in which only a 3.6 Mb deletion at 11p15.1p14.3 of uncertain clinical significance and a clinically relevant 2.9 Mb deletion at 15q26.1 in the affected father were initially identified. Linkage analysis focusing on the 15q26.1 deletion revealed an atypical allele segregation pattern. Meanwhile, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) repeatedly detected a 15q26.2q26.3 duplication together with an 18q22.3q23 deletion in embryos, suggesting a parental HT involving 15qter and 18qter. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) subsequently confirmed a HT occurring in <em>cis</em> with the paternal 15q26.1 deletion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case illustrates how integrating PGT findings with parental analyses can reveal cryptic structural rearrangements. The combined use of linkage analysis and aCGH enabled accurate detection of embryo aneuploidies and structural variants, helping prevent the transmission of pathogenic alterations and improving reproductive outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.09.021
Wenbo Luo , Qing Dai , Hui You , Yulin Jiang
Objective
We present prenatal diagnosis of Neu-Laxova syndrome with compound heterozygous variants in PHGDH in a fetus presenting increased nuchal translucency (NT) and severe early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) of a dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancy.
Case report
A 36-year-old, gravida 3, para 1, woman with an adverse pregnancy history of fetus demise, now bearing a DCDA twin pregnancy conceived by IVF-ET, underwent amniocentesis at 17+2 weeks of gestation because of one of the twin presenting increased NT at 13 + 1 weeks of gestation, and karyotype, FISH and SNP revealed no genetic abnormity. Since 22 weeks of gestation, severe FGR was presented in ultrasound in the fetus with increased NT. Fetal ultrasonic cardiogram at 26 + 1 weeks of gestation reported no abnormity. Trio-WES prescribed at 29+4 weeks of gestation revealed compound heterozygous variants in the affected fetus in PHGDH (NM_006623.4): a known missense variant c.488G > A (p.Arg163Gln) (ClinVar; [VCV000139535.8]) inherited from the father and a novel missense variant c.1129G > C (p.Gly377Arg) inherited from the mother. Brain fetal MRI performed at 36 + 6 weeks of gestation showed callosal agenesis, meanwhile, fetal ultrasound at 36 + 6 weeks of gestation re-confirmed microcephaly and micrognathia in the affected fetus.
Conclusion
A novel likely pathological missense variant causing NLS: NM_006623.4(PHGDH):c.1129G > C (p.Gly377Arg) was reported. Trio WES shall be prescribed sequentially after a normal SNP result for fetus with early-onset severe FGR to rule out pathological genetic causes and provide guidance for future reproduction.
目的介绍双绒毛膜双羊膜（DCDA）双胎妊娠出现颈部透明度增高（NT）和严重早发型胎儿生长受限（FGR）的新生儿新拉索娃综合征伴PHGDH复合杂合变异体的产前诊断。病例报告：1例36岁，妊娠3期，第1段，有胎死腹中不良妊娠史的女性，现为DCDA双胎IVF-ET妊娠，妊娠17+2周因其中一胎妊娠13 + 1周出现NT增高而行羊膜穿刺术，核型、FISH和SNP未发现遗传异常。从妊娠22周开始，超声显示胎儿严重FGR伴NT增高，妊娠26 + 1周胎儿超声心动图未见异常。妊娠29+4周的Trio-WES显示，PHGDH （NM_006623.4）患儿中存在复合杂合变异体：遗传自父亲的已知错义变异体C .488 g > a (p.Arg163Gln) （ClinVar; [VCV000139535.8]）和遗传自母亲的新型错义变异体C . 1129g > C （p.Gly377Arg）。孕36 + 6周脑胎儿MRI显示胼胝体发育不全，孕36 + 6周胎儿超声再次确认患儿小头畸形、小颌畸形。结论一种新的可能引起NLS的病理性错义变异：NM_006623.4(PHGDH):c。报道了1129G >； C （p.Gly377Arg）。对于早发性重度FGR胎儿，在SNP结果正常后，依次进行三组WES，排除病理性遗传原因，为今后的生育提供指导。
{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis of Neu-Laxova syndrome with compound heterozygous variants in PHGDH in a fetus presenting increased nuchal translucency and severe early-onset fetal growth restriction in a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy","authors":"Wenbo Luo , Qing Dai , Hui You , Yulin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We present prenatal diagnosis of Neu-Laxova syndrome with compound heterozygous variants in PHGDH in a fetus presenting increased nuchal translucency (NT) and severe early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) of a dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>A 36-year-old, gravida 3, para 1, woman with an adverse pregnancy history of fetus demise, now bearing a DCDA twin pregnancy conceived by IVF-ET, underwent amniocentesis at 17<sup>+2</sup> weeks of gestation because of one of the twin presenting increased NT at 13 + 1 weeks of gestation, and karyotype, FISH and SNP revealed no genetic abnormity. Since 22 weeks of gestation, severe FGR was presented in ultrasound in the fetus with increased NT. Fetal ultrasonic cardiogram at 26 + 1 weeks of gestation reported no abnormity. Trio-WES prescribed at 29<sup>+4</sup> weeks of gestation revealed compound heterozygous variants in the affected fetus in PHGDH (NM_006623.4): a known missense variant c.488G > A (p.Arg163Gln) (ClinVar; [VCV000139535.8]) inherited from the father and a novel missense variant c.1129G > C (p.Gly377Arg) inherited from the mother. Brain fetal MRI performed at 36 + 6 weeks of gestation showed callosal agenesis, meanwhile, fetal ultrasound at 36 + 6 weeks of gestation re-confirmed microcephaly and micrognathia in the affected fetus.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A novel likely pathological missense variant causing NLS: NM_006623.4(PHGDH):c.1129G > C (p.Gly377Arg) was reported. Trio WES shall be prescribed sequentially after a normal SNP result for fetus with early-onset severe FGR to rule out pathological genetic causes and provide guidance for future reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 95-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.08.005
Jonghyun Kim , Dong-Hyun Lee , Young-Ju Jeong
Objective
Enteric duplication cysts are a rare congenital malformation that consists of a cystic formation adjacent to the native gastrointestinal tract. A double wall appearance on fetal abdominal sonography is highly suggestive of its diagnosis. However, this sign also can be seen in an ovarian cyst, a mesenteric cyst, and a Meckel's diverticulum. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report of accurate prenatal diagnosis based upon the presence of a Y-configuration and peristalsis on prenatal sonography. We herein present prenatal and postnatal images including ultrasonogram and discuss the differential sonographic findings of an intra-abdominal cystic mass.
Case report
A 28-year-old pregnant woman, gravida 1, para 1, was referred to our hospital at 29 + 3 weeks' gestation for the evaluation of a fetal intra-abdominal cystic mass. On an ultrasound examination, a thick-walled, unilocular cystic mass, measuring 1.42 × 0.93 cm in diameter was detected. A double-layered wall was seen on the bottom line of the cystic mass. A serial ultrasound examination showed the enlargement of the cystic mass with advancing pregnancy. In addition to the multilayered wall, a Y-configuration was demonstrated in the sharing muscular wall, and real time peristaltic movements were visualized at 39 + 3 weeks’ gestation. With all these findings taken together, we made a diagnosis of an enteric duplication cyst with confidence.
Conclusion
Prenatal sonography alone can be used for the accurate diagnosis of an ileal duplication cyst, allowing a laparoscopic-assisted surgical treatment following birth before the onset of symptoms or complications.
{"title":"Visualization of a Y-configuration and peristalsis on prenatal sonography: The pathognomonic sign of an ileal duplication cyst","authors":"Jonghyun Kim , Dong-Hyun Lee , Young-Ju Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Enteric duplication cysts are a rare congenital malformation that consists of a cystic formation adjacent to the native gastrointestinal tract. A double wall appearance on fetal abdominal sonography is highly suggestive of its diagnosis. However, this sign also can be seen in an ovarian cyst, a mesenteric cyst, and a Meckel's diverticulum. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report of accurate prenatal diagnosis based upon the presence of a Y-configuration and peristalsis on prenatal sonography. We herein present prenatal and postnatal images including ultrasonogram and discuss the differential sonographic findings of an intra-abdominal cystic mass.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>A 28-year-old pregnant woman, gravida 1, para 1, was referred to our hospital at 29 + 3 weeks' gestation for the evaluation of a fetal intra-abdominal cystic mass. On an ultrasound examination, a thick-walled, unilocular cystic mass, measuring 1.42 × 0.93 cm in diameter was detected. A double-layered wall was seen on the bottom line of the cystic mass. A serial ultrasound examination showed the enlargement of the cystic mass with advancing pregnancy. In addition to the multilayered wall, a Y-configuration was demonstrated in the sharing muscular wall, and real time peristaltic movements were visualized at 39 + 3 weeks’ gestation. With all these findings taken together, we made a diagnosis of an enteric duplication cyst with confidence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prenatal sonography alone can be used for the accurate diagnosis of an ileal duplication cyst, allowing a laparoscopic-assisted surgical treatment following birth before the onset of symptoms or complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 114-118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.12.003
Szu-Ting Yang , Che-Wei Chang , Peng-Hui Wang
Objective
The methods of laparoscopic staging surgery (LSS) for endometrial cancer can generally be classified into two approaches: laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH)-based LSS and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH)-based LSS. This study aims to compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes between LAVH-based LSS and TLH-based LSS.
Materials and methods
Between January 2019 to December 2024, 118 patients who underwent laparoscopic staging surgery were retrospectively observed. Patient characteristics, such as age, BMI, parity, disease extension, histology subtypes, estimated blood loss, operative time, complications and recurrence were collected and analyzed.
Results
TLH was associated with significantly lower estimated blood loss compared with LAVH (119.0 ± 69.9 vs. 218.5 ± 375.1 mL, p = 0.036). TLH also offered a tendency of shorter operative time but without significance (197.40 ± 50.74 vs. 214.41 ± 66.89 min, p = 0.135). While hospital stay, complication rate, and 30-day re-hospitalization were comparable between groups. Four recurrences were observed, all in the LAVH group. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant difference in progression-free survival (p = 0.300).
Conclusion
TLH-based LSS in early-stage EC appears a safe approach, offering reduced blood loss without compromising perioperative or oncologic outcomes compared with LAVH-based LSS.
目的腹腔镜子宫内膜癌分期手术（LSS）的方法一般可分为腹腔镜辅助阴道子宫切除术（LAVH）和全腹腔镜子宫切除术（TLH）两种。本研究旨在比较基于lavh的LSS和基于tlh的LSS的围手术期和肿瘤预后。材料与方法回顾性观察2019年1月至2024年12月期间行腹腔镜分期手术的118例患者。收集和分析患者的年龄、BMI、胎次、疾病扩展、组织学亚型、估计失血量、手术时间、并发症和复发等特征。结果与LAVH相比，stlh的估计失血量显著降低（119.0±69.9 mL比218.5±375.1 mL, p = 0.036）。TLH也有缩短手术时间的趋势（197.40±50.74 vs 214.41±66.89 min, p = 0.135），但无统计学意义。两组间住院时间、并发症发生率和30天再住院时间具有可比性。4例复发均发生在LAVH组。Kaplan-Meier分析显示无进展生存期无显著差异（p = 0.300）。结论基于tlh的LSS治疗早期EC是一种安全的方法，与基于lavh的LSS相比，可以减少失血量，而不会影响围手术期或肿瘤预后。
{"title":"Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy versus total laparoscopic hysterectomy in endometrial cancer: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Szu-Ting Yang , Che-Wei Chang , Peng-Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The methods of laparoscopic staging surgery (LSS) for endometrial cancer can generally be classified into two approaches: laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH)-based LSS and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH)-based LSS. This study aims to compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes between LAVH-based LSS and TLH-based LSS.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Between January 2019 to December 2024, 118 patients who underwent laparoscopic staging surgery were retrospectively observed. Patient characteristics, such as age, BMI, parity, disease extension, histology subtypes, estimated blood loss, operative time, complications and recurrence were collected and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TLH was associated with significantly lower estimated blood loss compared with LAVH (119.0 ± 69.9 <em>vs</em>. 218.5 ± 375.1 mL, <em>p</em> = 0.036). TLH also offered a tendency of shorter operative time but without significance (197.40 ± 50.74 <em>vs</em>. 214.41 ± 66.89 min, <em>p</em> = 0.135). While hospital stay, complication rate, and 30-day re-hospitalization were comparable between groups. Four recurrences were observed, all in the LAVH group. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant difference in progression-free survival (<em>p</em> = 0.300).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TLH-based LSS in early-stage EC appears a safe approach, offering reduced blood loss without compromising perioperative or oncologic outcomes compared with LAVH-based LSS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 70-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.12.001
Peng-Hui Wang , Szu-Ting Yang , Chia-Hao Liu , Che-Wei Chang , Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro
Epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment, characterized by vague symptoms and signs, delayed diagnosis and frequent advanced stage (ad). Initial the standard of care (SOC) treatment includes intensive cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and platinum-paclitaxel chemotherapy with/without adding anti-angiogenetic agent and/or following poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) maintenance therapy based on biomarker-guided recommendation, such as BRCA mutation and/or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD significance). However, OC-associated high recurrence rates and development of chemoresistance to recurrent OC (rOC) result in the therapeutic failure and subsequent fatal outcomes. All suggest the current treatment for platinum-resistant rOC (PR-rOC) patients is clinically unmet. Therefore, better understandings of underlying mechanisms and molecular changes of cancer cells may offer hints to overcome the chemoresistance in OC. Chemoresistance may be derived from “naïve” (underlying or primary) hereditary or acquired adaption (secondary or induced), which are involved in an increasing ability to self-repairing DNA, dysregulated autophagy process and evasion of apoptosis and alternation in mitochondrial pathways as well as metabolic adaptions, changing signaling pathway for proliferation and survival, and modifying genetic and epigenetic resolution, contributing to sustaining proliferative signaling, resisting cell death, evading growth suppressor, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastases, deregulating cellular energetics, reaching cellular senescence and stemness, and epigenetic reprogramming of cancer cells. The first part is a brief review for PR-rOC, including mechanisms, and combating strategies but only limited to cytoreductive surgery for treating PR-rOC patients.
{"title":"Chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (I)","authors":"Peng-Hui Wang , Szu-Ting Yang , Chia-Hao Liu , Che-Wei Chang , Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment, characterized by vague symptoms and signs, delayed diagnosis and frequent advanced stage (ad). Initial the standard of care (SOC) treatment includes intensive cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and platinum-paclitaxel chemotherapy with/without adding anti-angiogenetic agent and/or following poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) maintenance therapy based on biomarker-guided recommendation, such as BRCA mutation and/or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD significance). However, OC-associated high recurrence rates and development of chemoresistance to recurrent OC (rOC) result in the therapeutic failure and subsequent fatal outcomes. All suggest the current treatment for platinum-resistant rOC (PR-rOC) patients is clinically unmet. Therefore, better understandings of underlying mechanisms and molecular changes of cancer cells may offer hints to overcome the chemoresistance in OC. Chemoresistance may be derived from “naïve” (underlying or primary) hereditary or acquired adaption (secondary or induced), which are involved in an increasing ability to self-repairing DNA, dysregulated autophagy process and evasion of apoptosis and alternation in mitochondrial pathways as well as metabolic adaptions, changing signaling pathway for proliferation and survival, and modifying genetic and epigenetic resolution, contributing to sustaining proliferative signaling, resisting cell death, evading growth suppressor, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastases, deregulating cellular energetics, reaching cellular senescence and stemness, and epigenetic reprogramming of cancer cells. The first part is a brief review for PR-rOC, including mechanisms, and combating strategies but only limited to cytoreductive surgery for treating PR-rOC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2024.08.018
Hsuan-wei Huang , Kuo-Chung Lan
Objective
To report four cases of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with discordance between chorionicity and embryo transfer number.
Design
A case series.
Materials and Results
Four cases underwent ART treatment in Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2018 and 2020: a 34-year-old woman who underwent an IVF-frozen cycle with embryo transfer of one blastocyst and one morula, resulting in a quintuplet pregnancy. The ultrasound of the quintuplets showed four gestational sacs, one of which was a blighted ovum (one empty gestational sac), and one of the remaining three was a monochorionic-monoamniotic twin (MCMA); a 39-year-old woman who underwent an IVF-frozen cycle with the transfer of two blastocysts, resulting in a quintuplet pregnancy. The ultrasound of the quintuplets showed four completely separate chorionic sacs, one of which was a blighted ovum, and one of the remaining three was a monochorionic-diamniotic (MCDA) twin; a 33-year-old woman who underwent an IVF-frozen cycle and a 36-year-old woman who underwent an IVF fresh cycle, both with single blastocyst transfer, resulting in twin pregnancies with two completely separate chorionic sacs with one blighted ovum. Excluding the possibility of spontaneous ovulation and conception and laboratory procedure errors, these four cases demonstrate monozygotic splitting after the blastocyst stage, challenging the existing dogma that only monochorionic can develop after day three post-fertilization.
Conclusions
The accepted theory of monozygotic twinning resulting from the splitting of an embryo per a strict postfertilization timing protocol must be re-examined with the advent of discordance between chorionicity and embryo transfer number. Reducing the number of embryo transfers in IVF treatment is important.
{"title":"Discordance between chorionicity and embryo transfer number: Four cases report and literature review","authors":"Hsuan-wei Huang , Kuo-Chung Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2024.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2024.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To report four cases of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with discordance between chorionicity and embryo transfer number.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A case series.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Results</h3><div>Four cases underwent ART treatment in Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2018 and 2020: a 34-year-old woman who underwent an IVF-frozen cycle with embryo transfer of one blastocyst and one morula, resulting in a quintuplet pregnancy. The ultrasound of the quintuplets showed four gestational sacs, one of which was a blighted ovum (one empty gestational sac), and one of the remaining three was a monochorionic-monoamniotic twin (MCMA); a 39-year-old woman who underwent an IVF-frozen cycle with the transfer of two blastocysts, resulting in a quintuplet pregnancy. The ultrasound of the quintuplets showed four completely separate chorionic sacs, one of which was a blighted ovum, and one of the remaining three was a monochorionic-diamniotic (MCDA) twin; a 33-year-old woman who underwent an IVF-frozen cycle and a 36-year-old woman who underwent an IVF fresh cycle, both with single blastocyst transfer, resulting in twin pregnancies with two completely separate chorionic sacs with one blighted ovum. Excluding the possibility of spontaneous ovulation and conception and laboratory procedure errors, these four cases demonstrate monozygotic splitting after the blastocyst stage, challenging the existing dogma that only monochorionic can develop after day three post-fertilization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The accepted theory of monozygotic twinning resulting from the splitting of an embryo per a strict postfertilization timing protocol must be re-examined with the advent of discordance between chorionicity and embryo transfer number. Reducing the number of embryo transfers in IVF treatment is important.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 55-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To present a case of successful surgical treatment of uterine abscesses in a woman with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.
Case report
A 40-year-old nulliparous woman with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and a history of laparoscopic myomectomy in 2017, transvaginal oocyte retrieval in May 2020 and laparotomy adenomyomectomy in September 2020, visited the hospital with persistent lower abdominal pain and vaginal discharge. Transvaginal ultrasound and computed tomography revealed several abscesses in the myometrium that were surgically removed through laparotomy and hysteroscopy, which led to a complete resolution of symptoms.
Conclusions
The patient recovered well without experiencing any recurrent abscesses in the following six months after operation. This case highlights the complexities of managing uterine abscesses in patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, who often require interdisciplinary treatments.
{"title":"Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease with multiple myometrium abscesses: A case report and literature review","authors":"Wen-Chi Hsieh , Kok-Min Seow , Lee-Wen Huang , Yieh-Loong Tsai , Wei-Jiun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To present a case of successful surgical treatment of uterine abscesses in a woman with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>A 40-year-old nulliparous woman with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and a history of laparoscopic myomectomy in 2017, transvaginal oocyte retrieval in May 2020 and laparotomy adenomyomectomy in September 2020, visited the hospital with persistent lower abdominal pain and vaginal discharge. Transvaginal ultrasound and computed tomography revealed several abscesses in the myometrium that were surgically removed through laparotomy and hysteroscopy, which led to a complete resolution of symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The patient recovered well without experiencing any recurrent abscesses in the following six months after operation. This case highlights the complexities of managing uterine abscesses in patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, who often require interdisciplinary treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2025.10.004
Shyam Sundar Sah, Abhishek Kumbhalwar
{"title":"Comment on “Cervical pessary for preterm-birth prevention among pregnant women with a short cervix: A prospective cohort study”","authors":"Shyam Sundar Sah, Abhishek Kumbhalwar","doi":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjog.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49449,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 168-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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