The use of competition as a conflict-handling style aimed at win-lose end results has been highlighted by some researchers to be common during project execution. However, the impact of such competition on project performance remains largely under-researched. This article seeks to address this gap in the existing literature. A system dynamics simulation model of competition between two key project participants (client and engineering consultant) was formulated through a mixed methods research methodology incorporating the system dynamics approach. Data gathered for two sets of unique projects were used separately to conduct model calibrations, simulation experiments, and impact analyses. The results suggested that the competition negatively influenced project performance.
{"title":"IMPACT OF PROJECT PARTICIPANTS’ COMPETITION ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE","authors":"A. M. Chitongo, L. Pretorius","doi":"10.7166/31-2-2258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-2258","url":null,"abstract":"The use of competition as a conflict-handling style aimed at win-lose end results has been highlighted by some researchers to be common during project execution. However, the impact of such competition on project performance remains largely under-researched. This article seeks to address this gap in the existing literature. A system dynamics simulation model of competition between two key project participants (client and engineering consultant) was formulated through a mixed methods research methodology incorporating the system dynamics approach. Data gathered for two sets of unique projects were used separately to conduct model calibrations, simulation experiments, and impact analyses. The results suggested that the competition negatively influenced project performance.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"76-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45977135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Revolutionary advances in the information and communication technology field pave the way for automation and data exchange in the heavy industry sector. Currently, Industry 4.0 solutions are more readily accepted in factories and in more advanced economies, where good infrastructure is in place to facilitate these solutions. In the context of these heavy industries, wide-area wireless telemetry networks play an important role in facilitating accessibility and allowing for real-time monitoring and data transmission over wide geographical distances. This paper emphasises the value of a new wireless telemetry monitoring and diagnostic system that allows for the development of a detailed troubleshooting methodology when communication disruptions occur. The system was implemented on an existing telemetry system that is used by an energy services company to maintain the operational status of various remote information systems. The network is also used to facilitate various demand-side management projects throughout the Republic of South Africa. The results obtained show that the proposed system can enhance the robustness of existing Industrial Internet of Things infrastructure, and this promotes the adoption of Industry 4.0 concepts in the heavy industry sector.
{"title":"THE VALUE OF A TELEMETRY MONITORING SYSTEM IN SUSTAINING THE OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS","authors":"J. Prinsloo, M. Mathews, J. Vosloo","doi":"10.7166/31-2-2200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-2200","url":null,"abstract":"Revolutionary advances in the information and communication technology field pave the way for automation and data exchange in the heavy industry sector. Currently, Industry 4.0 solutions are more readily accepted in factories and in more advanced economies, where good infrastructure is in place to facilitate these solutions. In the context of these heavy industries, wide-area wireless telemetry networks play an important role in facilitating accessibility and allowing for real-time monitoring and data transmission over wide geographical distances. This paper emphasises the value of a new wireless telemetry monitoring and diagnostic system that allows for the development of a detailed troubleshooting methodology when communication disruptions occur. The system was implemented on an existing telemetry system that is used by an energy services company to maintain the operational status of various remote information systems. The network is also used to facilitate various demand-side management projects throughout the Republic of South Africa. The results obtained show that the proposed system can enhance the robustness of existing Industrial Internet of Things infrastructure, and this promotes the adoption of Industry 4.0 concepts in the heavy industry sector.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"129-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41400572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organisations implement lean in production to improve continuously, but implementation may be unsuccessful due to ineffective leadership. Also, organisations have not eliminated the eighth lean waste — namely, the waste of unused employee creativity. The research investigated standard work for leaders in reducing unused employee creativity. The case study, conducted in an automobile manufacturer, indicated that worker ideas increased when employees were trained in lean, and when standard work for leaders was implemented. The research concluded that standard work for leaders reduces the waste of unused employee creativity, and suggests a lean implementation model that can be validated with further work.
{"title":"IMPACT OF STANDARD WORK FOR LEADERS ON REDUCING UNUSED EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY DURING LEAN IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Michael Mogaramedi, H. Nel, A. Marnewick","doi":"10.7166/31-2-1842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-1842","url":null,"abstract":"Organisations implement lean in production to improve continuously, but implementation may be unsuccessful due to ineffective leadership. Also, organisations have not eliminated the eighth lean waste — namely, the waste of unused employee creativity. The research investigated standard work for leaders in reducing unused employee creativity. The case study, conducted in an automobile manufacturer, indicated that worker ideas increased when employees were trained in lean, and when standard work for leaders was implemented. The research concluded that standard work for leaders reduces the waste of unused employee creativity, and suggests a lean implementation model that can be validated with further work.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48888575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organisations are finding it increasingly difficult to create value in the current dynamic, globalised, interconnected, and ever more complex business and technology environments. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIR) is set to increase these challenges as a result of the increasing complexity and dynamic changes in market, societal, and technological trends. While current technological trends potentially offer great value to organisations, emerging technological implementations and transformations often fail to realise the desired value-creation outcomes. Following an exploratory study with qualitative interviews, it was determined that most of these challenges to technology-enabled value-creation initiatives, in the current FIR related environment, can be linked to a dynamic capabilities perspective of strategic management. This perspective encompasses the enabling capabilities and strategic alignment between the external environment, an organisation’s strategies, its strategy execution, and its capability creation, adaptation, and management.
{"title":"THE MAJOR CHALLENGES FACING ORGANISATIONS TO CREATE TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED VALUE IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: A DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES PERSPECTIVE IN SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"Jonatan Jacobs, M. Pretorius","doi":"10.7166/31-2-2345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-2345","url":null,"abstract":"Organisations are finding it increasingly difficult to create value in the current dynamic, globalised, interconnected, and ever more complex business and technology environments. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIR) is set to increase these challenges as a result of the increasing complexity and dynamic changes in market, societal, and technological trends. While current technological trends potentially offer great value to organisations, emerging technological implementations and transformations often fail to realise the desired value-creation outcomes. Following an exploratory study with qualitative interviews, it was determined that most of these challenges to technology-enabled value-creation initiatives, in the current FIR related environment, can be linked to a dynamic capabilities perspective of strategic management. This perspective encompasses the enabling capabilities and strategic alignment between the external environment, an organisation’s strategies, its strategy execution, and its capability creation, adaptation, and management.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"40-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44164280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Providing efficient healthcare is more important today than ever before. Simulation is a well-established technique that has been used to understand and improve systems in various applications. It seems that simulation implementation in the healthcare industry is surrounded by a number of issues. Research on the subject has been mostly restricted to the analysis of academic literature, with a few industrial surveys. This empirical study contributes to our understanding of simulation application in Saudi healthcare services. The findings include an analysis of performance improvement methodologies currently in use, as well as simulation applications, barriers, and potential.
{"title":"SIMULATION IN SAUDI HEALTHCARE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY REVEALING THE CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS","authors":"A. Alrabghi","doi":"10.7166/31-2-2307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-2307","url":null,"abstract":"Providing efficient healthcare is more important today than ever before. Simulation is a well-established technique that has been used to understand and improve systems in various applications. It seems that simulation implementation in the healthcare industry is surrounded by a number of issues. Research on the subject has been mostly restricted to the analysis of academic literature, with a few industrial surveys. This empirical study contributes to our understanding of simulation application in Saudi healthcare services. The findings include an analysis of performance improvement methodologies currently in use, as well as simulation applications, barriers, and potential.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48252891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electric vehicles (EVs) offer ideal opportunities to reduce the negative effects of transport. Demographic changes have led to an increase in the demand for home healthcare services and the transporting of healthcare staff. This paper is an attempt to introduce and address the multi-period electric home healthcare routeing and scheduling problem with nonlinear charging (E-HHCRSP-NL) to handle decisions such as allocating the EVs used by healthcare staff for clients based on their characteristics, determining the EV routes, tracking their charge state, and choosing the most convenient charging locations. The problem is solved using a newly developed hybrid evolutionary variable neighbourhood search algorithm (HE-VNS). The computational results of the newly created instances indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
{"title":"THE MULTI-PERIOD ELECTRIC HOME HEALTHCARE ROUTEING AND SCHEDULING PROBLEM WITH NONLINEAR CHARGING","authors":"Mehmet Erdem","doi":"10.7166/31-2-2153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-2153","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicles (EVs) offer ideal opportunities to reduce the negative effects of transport. Demographic changes have led to an increase in the demand for home healthcare services and the transporting of healthcare staff. This paper is an attempt to introduce and address the multi-period electric home healthcare routeing and scheduling problem with nonlinear charging (E-HHCRSP-NL) to handle decisions such as allocating the EVs used by healthcare staff for clients based on their characteristics, determining the EV routes, tracking their charge state, and choosing the most convenient charging locations. The problem is solved using a newly developed hybrid evolutionary variable neighbourhood search algorithm (HE-VNS). The computational results of the newly created instances indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"92-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48091356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trying to find a parking space in a parking lot is a routine activity for most people in our society. However, in managing the sustained growth rate in the number of vehicle users, the demand on such parking facilities is likely to remain under constant pressure. Both the users and the management of parking lots use various strategies in dealing with the requirement for suitable parking facilities. This paper presents a computational model using an agent-based modelling technique to simulate two commonly used strategies applied to choosing a parking spot under various demand and supply conditions. The model is unique in the current literature, as it is specifically designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies. The analysis of the experimental results shows that, in most conditions, accepting the first available parking spot and then walking to the destination performed better than driving as close as possible to the destination and then searching for an available parking spot.
{"title":"AN AGENT-BASED SIMULATION OF AN ALTERNATIVE PARKING BAY CHOICE STRATEGY","authors":"M. Lall","doi":"10.7166/31-2-2314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-2-2314","url":null,"abstract":"Trying to find a parking space in a parking lot is a routine activity for most people in our society. However, in managing the sustained growth rate in the number of vehicle users, the demand on such parking facilities is likely to remain under constant pressure. Both the users and the management of parking lots use various strategies in dealing with the requirement for suitable parking facilities. This paper presents a computational model using an agent-based modelling technique to simulate two commonly used strategies applied to choosing a parking spot under various demand and supply conditions. The model is unique in the current literature, as it is specifically designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies. The analysis of the experimental results shows that, in most conditions, accepting the first available parking spot and then walking to the destination performed better than driving as close as possible to the destination and then searching for an available parking spot.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42216273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Market flexibility can be described as the ability to react competently to customers’ fluctuating demands. This ability has become critical to the survival of small to medium-sized enterprises. This study aimed at improving small to medium-sized manufacturers’ flexibility. The framework proposed in this paper has a mixed make-to-order and make-to-stock strategy, supported by a manual assembly line setup based on workers’ movements at its core. The hybrid system designed through this study allows small to medium-sized manufacturers to improve their responsiveness to the current dynamically changing market environment, and to stay competitive by providing them with the tools for fast customer response and financial expansion.
{"title":"HYBRID MANUFACTURING FRAMEWORK TO IMPROVE SMALL TO MEDIUM-SIZED MANUFACTURERS’ FLEXIBILITY TO MARKET TURBULENCE IN A MULTI–PRODUCT ENVIRONMENT: CASE STUDY OF A MANUAL ASSEMBLY LINE","authors":"Thierry Abedi Mukalay","doi":"10.7166/31-1-2184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-1-2184","url":null,"abstract":"Market flexibility can be described as the ability to react competently to customers’ fluctuating demands. This ability has become critical to the survival of small to medium-sized enterprises. This study aimed at improving small to medium-sized manufacturers’ flexibility. The framework proposed in this paper has a mixed make-to-order and make-to-stock strategy, supported by a manual assembly line setup based on workers’ movements at its core. The hybrid system designed through this study allows small to medium-sized manufacturers to improve their responsiveness to the current dynamically changing market environment, and to stay competitive by providing them with the tools for fast customer response and financial expansion.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"144-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42967490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the industrial world inches ever closer to adopting the Industry 4.0 paradigm, it becomes necessary to evolve a model industrial engineering (IE) learning facility framework that is comprehensive enough to accommodate the full range of exposures required to give students a total practical learning experience. This paper formulates a description model (morphology) and classification scheme for an IE learning facility that considers various levels of automation, including Industry 4.0, to support holistic IE education and training in South Africa. The literature is searched to investigate the state of the art in IE practical learning infrastructure. A questionnaire survey then determines the current status and practices among universities offering industrial engineering. This is followed by the construction of a learning facility framework embodying a mix of facility types, along with a delineation of their relevant characteristics, niches, and strengths that can be customised and deployed to maximise the practical experiences of students.
{"title":"A FRAMEWORK FOR AN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING LEARNING FACILITY PARADIGM TOWARD INDUSTRY 4.0","authors":"S. M. Sackey, A. Bester, D. Adams","doi":"10.7166/31-1-1796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-1-1796","url":null,"abstract":"As the industrial world inches ever closer to adopting the Industry 4.0 paradigm, it becomes necessary to evolve a model industrial engineering (IE) learning facility framework that is comprehensive enough to accommodate the full range of exposures required to give students a total practical learning experience. This paper formulates a description model (morphology) and classification scheme for an IE learning facility that considers various levels of automation, including Industry 4.0, to support holistic IE education and training in South Africa. The literature is searched to investigate the state of the art in IE practical learning infrastructure. A questionnaire survey then determines the current status and practices among universities offering industrial engineering. This is followed by the construction of a learning facility framework embodying a mix of facility types, along with a delineation of their relevant characteristics, niches, and strengths that can be customised and deployed to maximise the practical experiences of students.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48141472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this work was to analyse the cost and the benefit of extending the useful life of bandsaws by improving their wear resistance in a parawood saw mill. Changeover of worn bandsaw causes downtime 15 minutes. Saw blade change frequency is two to four times per shift, at a sawn rate of 90-120 cubic feet per day. Reduced wear bandsaws can be accomplished by flame hardening, which would reduce grinding cost and losses from changeover downtime. This article therefore analyses scenarios of rubber wood processing plants in Thailand with between nine and sixty sawmills per plant and 300 working days per year. The annual scenarios analysis, based on saw blade grinding and additional flame hardening cost, has an annual fixed cost and variables cost. Implementing the flame hardening increases the costs by THB 80 319.53 to 1 021 737.99 per year. The benefits in this study indicate that reduced wear on bandsaws by implementing a flame hardening process in rubber parawood factories is economical, with benefits in the range of THB 643 577.34 to 11 446 939.60 per year.
{"title":"THE COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF REDUCED WEAR BANDSAWS","authors":"Thiensak Chucheep, N. Mahathaninwong, S. Janudom","doi":"10.7166/31-1-2154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/31-1-2154","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to analyse the cost and the benefit of extending the useful life of bandsaws by improving their wear resistance in a parawood saw mill. Changeover of worn bandsaw causes downtime 15 minutes. Saw blade change frequency is two to four times per shift, at a sawn rate of 90-120 cubic feet per day. Reduced wear bandsaws can be accomplished by flame hardening, which would reduce grinding cost and losses from changeover downtime. This article therefore analyses scenarios of rubber wood processing plants in Thailand with between nine and sixty sawmills per plant and 300 working days per year. The annual scenarios analysis, based on saw blade grinding and additional flame hardening cost, has an annual fixed cost and variables cost. Implementing the flame hardening increases the costs by THB 80 319.53 to 1 021 737.99 per year. The benefits in this study indicate that reduced wear on bandsaws by implementing a flame hardening process in rubber parawood factories is economical, with benefits in the range of THB 643 577.34 to 11 446 939.60 per year.","PeriodicalId":49493,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42425562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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