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Studyholism and Health Outcomes: Could Internet Addiction Make the Difference? 学习主义和健康结果:网瘾会产生影响吗?
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231192233
Danila Molinaro, Y. Loscalzo, Carmela Buono, Ludovica Del Giudice, Alessio Lustro, Chiara Ghislieri, P. Spagnoli
Recently, Loscalzo and Giannini have proposed Studyholism as a possible new clinical condition, highlighting its potential antecedents and outcomes. The present study investigates the moderating role of Internet addiction in the relationship between Studyholism, academic exhaustion and insomnia. Three hundred and eighteen Italian university students (85.50% female; mean age = 22.98 ± 4.34) participated in the survey during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The two moderation models were tested using the structural equation model with Mplus 7. Results showed a significant direct effect of Studyholism on both academic exhaustion and insomnia and also confirmed the moderating role of Internet addiction in the aforementioned relationships. Although there is a linear relationship between Studyholism and the outcomes, at lower levels of Internet addiction, there is a greater effect of Studyholism on both academic exhaustion and insomnia than at medium and high levels of Internet addiction. Based on these findings, we suggest screening students who report insomnia and academic exhaustion for both Internet addiction and Studyholism, as they might both contribute to these negative health-related aspects.
最近,Loscalzo和Giannini提出整体性学习症可能是一种新的临床症状,并强调了其潜在的前因和结果。本研究旨在探讨网络成瘾在学习主义、学习疲劳和失眠之间的调节作用。318名意大利大学生(85.50%为女性;平均年龄= 22.98±4.34)在第三波疫情期间参加调查。采用Mplus 7结构方程模型对两种调节模型进行检验。研究结果表明,整体学习对学业疲劳和失眠均有显著的直接影响,同时也证实了网络成瘾在上述关系中的调节作用。虽然学习狂与结果之间存在线性关系,但在较低水平的网络成瘾中,学习狂对学习疲劳和失眠的影响大于中等和高水平的网络成瘾。基于这些发现,我们建议对报告失眠和学业疲惫的学生进行网络成瘾和学习狂的筛查,因为它们都可能导致这些负面的健康相关方面。
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引用次数: 0
Guaranteed Incentives and Prize Drawings: Effects on Participation, Data Quality, and Costs in a Web Survey of College Students on Sensitive Topics 保证激励和抽奖:对大学生敏感话题网络调查中参与度、数据质量和成本的影响
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231189853
Jennifer Dykema, John Stevenson, Cameron P. Jones, Brendan F Day
Many studies rely on traditional web survey methods in which all contacts with sample members are through email and the questionnaire is administered exclusively online. Because it is difficult to effectively administer prepaid incentives via email, researchers frequently employ lotteries or prize draws as incentives even though their influence on survey participation is small. The current study examines whether a prize draw is more effective if it is divided into a few larger amounts versus several smaller amounts and compares prize draws to a small but guaranteed postpaid incentive. Data are from the 2019 Campus Climate Survey on Sexual Assault and Sexual Misconduct. Sample members include 38,434 undergraduate and graduate students at a large Midwestern university who were randomly assigned to receive: a guaranteed $5 Amazon gift card; entry into a high-payout drawing for one of four $500 prizes; or entry into a low-payout drawing for one of twenty $100 prizes. Results indicate the guaranteed incentive increased response rates, with no difference between the prize draws. While results from various data quality outcomes show the guaranteed incentive reduced break-off rates and the high-payout drawing increased item nonresponse, there were no differences across incentive conditions in rates of speeding, reporting of sensitive data, straightlining, or sample representativeness. As expected, the prize draws had much lower overall and per complete costs.
许多研究依靠传统的网络调查方法,所有与样本成员的联系都是通过电子邮件进行的,调查问卷完全在网上进行。由于很难通过电子邮件有效地管理预付奖励,研究人员经常使用彩票或抽奖作为奖励,尽管它们对调查参与的影响很小。目前的研究考察了将抽奖分成几个较大的金额和几个较小的金额是否更有效,并将抽奖与小额但保证支付的奖励进行了比较。数据来自2019年关于性侵犯和性行为不端的校园气候调查。样本成员包括中西部一所大型大学的38434名本科生和研究生,他们被随机分配收到:一张保证价值5美元的亚马逊礼品卡;进入高奖金抽奖,从四个500美元的奖金中获得一个;或者参加一个低奖金抽奖,从20个100美元的奖品中选择一个。结果表明,保证激励增加了回复率,抽奖之间没有区别。虽然来自各种数据质量结果的结果表明,有保证的激励减少了中断率,高支付的抽奖增加了项目不反应,但在加速率、敏感数据报告率、直线性或样本代表性方面,激励条件没有差异。正如预期的那样,抽奖的总成本和单位成本要低得多。
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引用次数: 0
Monitoring Looting at Cultural Heritage Sites: Applying Deep Learning on Optical Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Data as a Solution 文化遗址掠夺监测:将深度学习应用于光学无人机数据的解决方案
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231188471
M. Altaweel, A. Khelifi, Mohammad Maher Shana’ah
The looting of cultural heritage sites has been a growing problem and threatens national economies, social identity, destroys research potential, and traumatizes communities. For many countries, the challenge in protecting heritage is that there are often too few resources, particularly paid site guards, while sites can also be in remote locations. Here, we develop a new approach that applies deep learning methods to detect the presence of looting at heritage sites using optical imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We present results that demonstrate the accuracy, precision, and recall of our approach. Results show that optical UAV data can be an easy way for authorities to monitor heritage sites, demonstrating the utility of deep learning in aiding the protection of heritage sites by automating the detection of any new damage to sites. We discuss the impact and potential for deep learning to be used as a tool for the protection of heritage sites. How the approach could be improved with new data is also discussed. Additionally, the code and data used are provided as part of the outputs.
掠夺文化遗产一直是一个日益严重的问题,威胁着国家经济和社会认同,破坏了研究潜力,并给社区带来创伤。对许多国家来说,保护遗产的挑战是资源往往太少,尤其是有偿的遗址保护员,而遗址也可能位于偏远地区。在这里,我们开发了一种新方法,该方法应用深度学习方法,使用无人机的光学图像来检测遗产地是否存在抢劫行为。我们给出的结果证明了我们方法的准确性、准确性和召回率。结果表明,光学无人机数据可以成为当局监测遗产地的一种简单方法,证明了深度学习通过自动检测遗址的任何新损坏来帮助保护遗产地的效用。我们讨论了深度学习作为遗产保护工具的影响和潜力。还讨论了如何利用新数据改进该方法。此外,所使用的代码和数据作为输出的一部分提供。
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引用次数: 0
TikTok and Civic Activity Among Young Adults TikTok与年轻人的公民活动
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231188470
Kenneth W. Moffett, L. Rice
TikTok is known for its lighthearted dance and lip-synch videos, yet videos with the hashtag #politics have garnered nearly 14 billion views. Does young adults’ politically oriented expression on TikTok lead to increased civic engagement offline? TikTok helps incorporate young adults into political social networks that may encourage additional civic activity. In addition, the playful, humorous nature of TikTok-based political expression encourages young adults to develop participatory, political selves. Using data from a 2020 survey of Americans between 18 and 25 years old, we find that posting political videos on TikTok connects with higher offline civic engagement. The results suggest that playful political expression is an important feature for promoting young adult civic engagement.
TikTok以其轻松的舞蹈和假唱视频而闻名,但带有#政治#标签的视频已经获得了近140亿的浏览量。年轻人在TikTok上以政治为导向的表达是否会导致线下公民参与度的提高?TikTok帮助年轻人融入政治社交网络,这可能会鼓励更多的公民活动。此外,基于TikTok的政治表达的趣味性、幽默性鼓励年轻人发展参与式的政治自我。使用2020年对18至25岁美国人的调查数据,我们发现在TikTok上发布政治视频与更高的线下公民参与度有关。研究结果表明,好玩的政治表达是促进年轻人公民参与的一个重要特征。
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引用次数: 0
Not All Bots are Created Equal: The Impact of Bots Classification Techniques on Identification of Discursive Behaviors Around the COVID-19 Vaccine and Climate Change 并非所有的机器人都是平等的:机器人分类技术对识别COVID-19疫苗和气候变化周围话语行为的影响
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231188472
Rui Wang, Dror Walter, Y. Ophir
As concerns about social bots online increase, studies have attempted to explore the discourse they produce, and its effects on individuals and the public at large. We argue that the common reliance on aggregated scores of binary classifiers for bot detection may have yielded biased or inaccurate results. To test this possibility, we systematically compare the differences between non-bots and bots using binary and non-binary classifiers (classified into the categories of astroturf, self-declared, spammers, fake followers, and Other). We use two Twitter corpora, about COVID-19 vaccines ( N = 1,697,280) and climate change ( N = 1,062,522). We find that both in terms of volume and thematic content, the use of binary classifiers may hinder, distort, or mask differences between humans and bots, that could only be discerned when observing specific bot types. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
随着人们对在线社交机器人的担忧日益增加,一些研究试图探索它们产生的话语,以及它们对个人和公众的影响。我们认为,通常依赖于二进制分类器的汇总分数进行机器人检测可能会产生有偏差或不准确的结果。为了测试这种可能性,我们系统地比较了非机器人和机器人之间的差异,使用二进制和非二进制分类器(分类为人造草坪,自我声明,垃圾邮件发送者,虚假追随者和其他)。我们使用两个Twitter语料库,关于COVID-19疫苗(N = 1,697,280)和气候变化(N = 1,062,522)。我们发现,在数量和主题内容方面,使用二元分类器可能会阻碍、扭曲或掩盖人类和机器人之间的差异,这些差异只有在观察特定的机器人类型时才能辨别出来。我们讨论了这些发现的理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating Human Insights Into Text Analysis: Semi-Supervised Topic Modeling of Emerging Food-Technology Businesses’ Brand Communication on Social Media 将人类洞察融入文本分析:新兴食品科技企业社交媒体品牌传播的半监督话题建模
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231184532
Leona Yi-Fan Su, Tianli Chen, Yee Man Margaret Ng, Ziyang Gong, Yi-Cheng Wang
Textual social media data have become indispensable to researchers’ understanding of message strategies and other marketing practices. In a new departure for the field of brand communication, this study adopts and extends a semi-supervised machine-learning approach, guided latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), which incorporates human insights into the discovery and classification of topics. We used it to analyze tweets from businesses involved with an emerging food technology, cultured meat, and delineated four key message strategies used by these brands: providing functional, educational, corporate social responsibility, and relational content. We further ascertained the relationships between brands and the key topics embedded in their Twitter data. A comparison of model performance suggests that guided LDA can be an advantageous alternative to traditional LDA, which is characterized by high efficiency and immense popularity among researchers, but—because of its unsupervised nature—yields findings that can be difficult to interpret. The present study therefore has critical theoretical and methodological implications for communication and marketing scholars.
文本社交媒体数据已经成为研究人员理解信息策略和其他营销实践不可或缺的一部分。在品牌传播领域,本研究采用并扩展了一种半监督机器学习方法,即引导潜在狄利克雷分配(LDA),该方法将人类的见解融入到主题的发现和分类中。我们用它来分析涉及新兴食品技术——人造肉的企业的推文,并描绘出这些品牌使用的四种关键信息策略:提供功能性、教育性、企业社会责任和关系内容。我们进一步确定了品牌与其Twitter数据中嵌入的关键主题之间的关系。模型性能的比较表明,引导LDA可能是传统LDA的一个有利选择,传统LDA的特点是效率高,在研究人员中广受欢迎,但由于其无监督的性质,产生的结果可能难以解释。因此,本研究对传播和营销学者具有重要的理论和方法意义。
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引用次数: 0
Incorporating Virtual Reality in Public Health Campaigns: COVID-19 as the Context 将虚拟现实融入公共卫生运动:以新冠肺炎为背景
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231185257
Zhan Xu, Veronica U. Weser, Luluo Peng, Mary Laffidy
One of the greatest challenges for public health campaigns is communicating health risks due to the existence of psychological distance. Using COVID-19 as a context, this study designed and tested virtual reality (VR) campaigns based on construal level theory. It assessed the immediate and after-effects of VR on COVID-19 preventive intentions/behaviors and risk perceptions. A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned to see one of four messages: a VR message emphasizing self-interest, a VR message emphasizing other-interest, a print message emphasizing self-interest, or a print message emphasizing other-interest. Preventive intentions/behaviors were assessed at three different times: before, immediately after, and one week after the experimental treatment. Immediately following message exposure, participants exposed to the VR messages perceived a higher level of self-risk than those exposed to print messages. Disgust and fear mediated these effects. One week following message exposure, unvaccinated participants exposed to the VR messages had a higher intention to get vaccinated than those exposed to print messages. Recommendations on how to effectively utilize VR in health interventions are provided.
公共卫生运动面临的最大挑战之一是沟通由于心理距离的存在而带来的健康风险。本研究以新冠肺炎为背景,设计并测试了基于建构层面理论的虚拟现实(VR)活动。它评估了VR对新冠肺炎预防意图/行为和风险认知的直接和事后影响。共有120名参与者被随机分配观看四条信息中的一条:强调自身利益的虚拟现实信息、强调其他兴趣的虚拟现实消息、强调自我利益的印刷信息或强调其他利益的印刷消息。在三个不同的时间评估预防意图/行为:实验治疗前、治疗后立即和治疗后一周。信息暴露后,暴露于VR信息的参与者比暴露于打印信息的参与者感知到更高水平的自我风险。厌恶和恐惧介导了这些影响。在信息暴露一周后,接触VR信息的未接种疫苗的参与者比接触打印信息的参与者更有接种疫苗的意愿。提供了关于如何在健康干预中有效利用虚拟现实的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic Analysis of the Timing of Survey Participation: An Application of Event History Analysis of the Stochastic Process of Response in a Probability-Based Multi-Wave Panel With Computer-Assisted Interview Modes 参与调查时间的动态分析:事件历史分析在基于概率的多波面板随机响应过程中的应用
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231183871
R. Becker
The response patterns across the fieldwork period are analyzed in the context of a panel study with a sequential mixed-mode design including a self-administered online questionnaire and a computer-assisted telephone interview. Since the timing of participation is modelled as a stochastic process of individuals’ response behaviour, event history analysis is applied to reveal time-constant and time-varying factors that influence this process. Different distributions of panelists’ propensity for taking part in the web-based survey or, alternatively, in the computer-assisted telephone interview can be considered by hazard rate analysis. Piecewise constant rate models and analysis of sub-episodes demonstrate that it is possible to describe the time-related development of response rates by reference to individuals’ characteristics, resources and abilities, as well as panelists’ experience with previous panel waves. Finally, it is shown that exogenous factors, such as a mixed-mode survey design, the incentives offered to participants and the reminders that are sent out, contribute significantly to time-related response after the invitation to participate in a survey with a sequential mixed-mode design. Overall, this contribution calls for a dynamic analysis of response behaviour instead of the categorization of response groups.
通过连续混合模式设计的小组研究,包括自我管理的在线问卷和计算机辅助的电话访谈,分析了整个实地调查期间的反应模式。由于参与的时间被建模为个体反应行为的随机过程,事件历史分析被用于揭示影响这一过程的时间常数和时变因素。小组成员参与网络调查或计算机辅助电话访谈的倾向的不同分布可以通过危险率分析来考虑。分段恒率模型和对次级情节的分析表明,可以通过参考个人的特征、资源和能力,以及小组成员在以前小组浪潮中的经验,来描述反应率与时间相关的发展。最后,研究表明,外生因素,如混合模式调查设计、向参与者提供的激励和发出的提醒,在邀请参加顺序混合模式设计的调查后,对时间相关反应有显著影响。总的来说,这一贡献要求对响应行为进行动态分析,而不是对响应组进行分类。
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引用次数: 0
Emoji as a Social Presence Tool Among Arab Digital Media Users: Do the Demographic Variables of the Sender Play a Role? 表情符号作为阿拉伯数字媒体用户的社交存在工具:发送者的人口变量是否起作用?
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1177/08944393231181638
Shuaa Aljasir
To contribute to the current knowledge, this research was conducted, perhaps for the first time, among 1354 Arab users of digital media platforms to investigate emoji as a social presence tool and how the variables of the gender, generation, and the sender’s relationship to the receiver affect the usage and interpretation of the appropriateness of these graphical icons. Among the significant results of this study, generation and gender explained a significant amount of the variance in the frequency and motivation index. Interestingly, there was a significant, three-way interaction among senders’ gender, raters’ gender, and salience. The analysis also showed that the generation and relationship of the sender had a statistically significant effect on appropriateness ratings.
为了对现有知识有所贡献,这项研究可能是第一次在1354名阿拉伯数字媒体平台用户中进行,以调查表情符号作为一种社交存在工具,以及性别、世代和发送者与接收者的关系等变量如何影响这些图形图标的使用和适当性的解释。在本研究的显著结果中,年龄和性别解释了频率和动机指数的显著差异。有趣的是,在发送者的性别、评分者的性别和显著性之间存在显著的三方互动。分析还表明,发件人的年龄和关系对适当性评分有统计学上显著的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Standby Ties that Mobilize: Social Media Platforms and Civic Engagement. 备用关系动员:社会媒体平台和公民参与。
IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/08944393211067687
Shelley Boulianne

Nonprofit organizations and groups depend on donations and volunteers for their survival. Digital media can help by offering a platform for making online donations and facilitating online volunteering, but also by identifying and connecting with people who are sympathetic to an organization's mission. This article employs four-country (USA, UK, France, and Canada) representative survey data (n = 6291) to examine the use of social media for establishing connections between citizens and organizations as well as the relationship of these connections to online and offline volunteering and donating. Across all social media platforms considered (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), I find significant positive correlations of following nonprofits with online and offline volunteering and donating. However, Facebook has a slightly larger role, which may be attributed to its overall popularity, which can incentivize organizations' more intense use of this platform.

非营利组织和团体依靠捐赠和志愿者来生存。数字媒体可以提供一个在线捐赠和促进在线志愿服务的平台,但也可以识别和联系那些同情组织使命的人。本文采用四个国家(美国、英国、法国和加拿大)的代表性调查数据(n = 6291)来研究使用社交媒体建立公民和组织之间的联系,以及这些联系与在线和离线志愿服务和捐赠的关系。在所有考虑的社交媒体平台(Facebook, Instagram和Twitter)中,我发现关注非营利组织与在线和离线志愿服务和捐赠之间存在显著的正相关。然而,Facebook的作用稍大一些,这可能归因于它的整体受欢迎程度,这可以激励组织更频繁地使用这个平台。
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引用次数: 4
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