Rangeland Ecology & Management最新文献_第8页

Wildfire and Postfire Restoration Treatments Have Lasting Effects on Rodent Habitat and Community Composition 野火和火灾后恢复处理对啮齿动物栖息地和群落组成的持久影响

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.07.006

Savannah L. Bartel, Robert S. Arkle, David S. Pilliod

Rangeland fires can quickly change the structure of wildlife habitat and cause changes that persist for years to decades. To facilitate habitat recovery, postfire restoration actions often involve sowing seeds of native and nonnative perennial grasses and shrubs. Empirical information on whether such restoration activities are effective and how wildlife will respond is unknown. We evaluated the effects of wildfire and postfire seeding on rodent communities in sagebrush steppe by measuring environmental characteristics and live-trapping rodents at three wildfire locations in the northern Great Basin that burned 2–14 yr prior. Sampled plots were either 1) burned (control), 2) burned and seeded with nonnative species, 3) burned and seeded with native species, or 4) not burned (reference). Unburned reference plots had 95.7% more shrub cover and less cover of nonnative annual grasses than all burned plots. Burned plots seeded with native species had greater cover of native perennial grasses and less bare ground compared with burned plots seeded with nonnative species or control plots. Wildfire and postfire seeding significantly changed rodent community composition but not species richness. American deermouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) and least chipmunk (Tamias minimus) were less likely to occur in burned plots than in unburned reference plots. Ord’s kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) and Piute ground squirrel (Urocitellus mollis) were more likely to occur in burned plots than in unburned reference plots. Sagebrush vole (Lemmiscus curtatus) was more likely to occur in burned plots with native seeding than with all other treatments. Species’ responses to wildfire and seeding reflected their relationships to cover of shrubs, perennial grasses, and nonnative annual grasses. These results suggest that wildfire and postfire seeding have long-lasting effects on wildlife communities. Landscape-level rodent diversity may be enhanced when small-scale disturbances or restoration actions increase landscape heterogeneity.

牧场火灾可以迅速改变野生动物栖息地的结构，并导致持续数年至数十年的变化。为了促进栖息地的恢复，火灾后的恢复行动通常包括播种本地和非本地多年生草和灌木的种子。关于这种恢复活动是否有效以及野生动物将如何反应的经验信息尚不清楚。通过测量2-14年前大盆地北部三个野火地点的环境特征和捕获啮齿动物，我们评估了野火和火灾后播种对鼠类群落的影响。采样样地分为1)焚烧（对照）、2)焚烧后播种非本地物种、3)焚烧后播种本地物种和4)不焚烧（对照）。未烧毁参考样地的灌木盖度比所有烧毁样地高95.7%，而非本地一年生草盖度比所有烧毁样地低。与外源种和对照地相比，以本地种播种的烧毁样地的本地多年生牧草盖度更高，裸地较少。野火和火灾后播种对啮齿动物群落组成有显著影响，但对物种丰富度没有显著影响。美洲鹿鼠（Peromyscus maniculatus）和最小花栗鼠（Tamias minimus）在燃烧样地出现的可能性低于未燃烧样地。大袋鼠鼠（Dipodomys ordii）和普特地松鼠（Urocitellus mollis）在燃烧样地比未燃烧样地更容易发生。山楂田鼠（Lemmiscus curtatus）在烧地发生的几率高于其他处理。物种对野火和播种的响应反映了它们与灌木、多年生禾本科和外来一年生禾本科植被覆盖的关系。这些结果表明，野火和火灾后播种对野生动物群落有长期影响。当小规模干扰或恢复活动增加景观异质性时，景观级啮齿动物多样性可能会增强。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Well-Connected Core Areas Retain Ecological Integrity of Sagebrush Ecosystems Amidst Overall Declines From 2001–2021” [Rangeland Ecology & Management Volume 97, November 2024, Pages 41-50] “连接良好的核心区在2001-2021年总体下降中保持了山艾树生态系统的生态完整性”的勘误表[牧场生态与管理卷97,2024年11月，41-50页]

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.014

David M. Theobald , Alexander V. Kumar , Kevin Doherty , Katherine A. Zeller , Todd B. Cross

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Drought Impact on Rangelands Using Multi-Index Remote Sensing Approach 基于多指数遥感的草地干旱影响评价

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.018

Zhewen Zhao , Rana Waqar Aslam , Iram Naz , Zohaib Afzal , Anum Liaqut , Muhammad Azeem Liaquat , Hela Elmannai , Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain

This study evaluates drought impacts on rangeland ecosystems in during 2024 using multiple remote sensing indices and land use/land cover analysis. The research integrates vegetation-related indices (NDVI, VCI, VHI, ESI), water-related indices (NDWI, SMI, SPI, TCI), and drought-specific indices (PDSI, DSI, NDDI, LST) to assess drought severity across the region's limited rangeland resources. Land Use/Land Cover classification reveals that rangelands occupy only 1,319.3 km² (1%) of the total area, predominantly in western and southwestern regions where drought conditions are more severe. Rangelands exhibit poor vegetation health with low NDVI values (0.12–0.25) and below-normal vegetation conditions (VCI 25–45), particularly in western areas where VHI values fall below 30. Water-related indices show severe moisture deficits, with negative NDWI values (–0.35 to –0.45) and low soil moisture (SMI 0.07–0.11). Comprehensive drought indices confirm moderate to severe drought conditions, with PDSI values ranging from –40 to –80 and DSI values between –25 and –40. Correlation analysis reveals generally weak relationships among indices (coefficients between –0.25 and 0.25), supporting the value of a multi-index approach. Comparative analysis shows that rangelands experience greater drought stress than irrigated croplands but less extreme conditions than bare ground areas, with intermediate NDVI (0.18), NDWI (–0.39), and PDSI (–45.2) values. These findings provide critical information for developing targeted drought management policies and adaptive rangeland conservation strategies in arid regions. The multi-index approach provides a framework for comprehensive drought assessment in rangeland ecosystems.

利用多种遥感指标和土地利用/土地覆被分析，评价了2024年干旱对草地生态系统的影响。该研究综合了植被相关指数（NDVI、VCI、VHI、ESI）、水相关指数（NDWI、SMI、SPI、TCI）和干旱相关指数（PDSI、DSI、NDDI、LST），评估了该地区有限牧场资源的干旱严重程度。土地利用/土地覆盖分类显示，放牧地仅占总面积的1319.3 km²（1%），主要分布在干旱较为严重的西部和西南部地区。牧地植被健康状况较差，NDVI值较低（0.12-0.25），植被条件低于正常（VCI 25-45），特别是在VHI值低于30的西部地区。水分相关指数表现出严重的水分亏缺，NDWI为负（-0.35 ~ -0.45），土壤湿度低（SMI 0.07 ~ 0.11）。综合干旱指数显示，PDSI值介于-40 ~ -80之间，DSI值介于-25 ~ -40之间。相关分析揭示了指数之间的一般弱关系（系数在-0.25和0.25之间），支持多指数方法的价值。对比分析表明，放牧区干旱胁迫程度高于灌溉区，但极端条件低于裸地，NDVI（0.18）、NDWI（-0.39）和PDSI（-45.2）处于中等水平。这些发现为制定干旱地区有针对性的干旱管理政策和适应性牧地保护战略提供了重要信息。多指标方法为草地生态系统干旱综合评价提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Pyric Herbivory With Multiple Livestock Species: Similarities in Selection Between Cattle and Goats 多家畜种的草食性：牛与山羊选择的相似性

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.07.002

Alexander G. Barnes , Laura E. Goodman , Barney Luttbeg , Bryan D. Murray , Samuel D. Fuhlendorf

Pyric herbivory, the interaction between fire and grazing, is an ecological process in rangeland ecosystems. While cattle selection of burned patches is documented, the effects of a second herbivore species, like goats, remain unclear. This study examined patch selection patterns of cattle and goats when provided with both burned or unburned areas with patches varying in time since fire (TSF) and burn season. We hypothesized that both livestock species would select for recently burned patches, with cattle selection being more season-dependent than goats. We also hypothesized that the proportion of time allocated to the most recently burned patches would not significantly differ between livestock species. We compared TSF across burn seasons and quantified patch selection using Ivlev’s electivity index. Our results showed that both livestock species selected for recently burned patches, with selection decreasing as TSF increased. For cattle, patch selection was influenced by TSF and burn season. Goat patch selection was also related to TSF, but showed more variability in response to burn season and TSF duration. In dormant season burns, both livestock species selected for the most recently burned patches, while selection following growing season burns peaked at 6–11 months TSF. The observed patterns suggest that including goats in cattle operations that use pyric herbivory will not alter overall preference for burned areas.

草食是草地生态系统中火与放牧相互作用的一个生态过程。虽然有文献记载了牛对烧伤地区的选择，但另一种食草动物的影响，如山羊，仍不清楚。本研究考察了牛和山羊在火灾（TSF）和燃烧季节随时间变化的烧伤或未烧伤地区的斑块选择模式。我们假设这两种牲畜都会选择最近被烧毁的斑块，牛的选择比山羊更依赖于季节。我们还假设，分配给最近被烧毁的斑块的时间比例在牲畜种类之间没有显著差异。我们比较了不同烧伤季节的TSF，并使用Ivlev选择性指数量化了斑块选择。结果表明，两种家畜都选择了最近被烧毁的斑块，随着TSF的增加，选择逐渐减少。对牛来说，斑块选择受热场和烧伤季节的影响。山羊斑块选择也与TSF有关，但对烧伤季节和TSF持续时间的反应表现出更大的变异性。在休眠季节烧伤中，两种家畜都选择了最近烧伤的斑块，而在生长季节烧伤后的选择在6-11个月的TSF时达到顶峰。观察到的模式表明，将山羊纳入使用热草食的养牛场不会改变对烧伤地区的总体偏好。

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引用次数: 0

Pollination Needs and Diverse Bees of a Prospective Fuelbreak Wildflower, Curlycup Gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa)(Asteraceae) 菊科植物卷叶菊的传粉需求及蜜蜂多样性

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.016

James H. Cane , Byron G. Love , Skyler Burrows , Alexander Fortin , Kelsey K. Graham

The arid sagebrush steppe of the US Intermountain West is prone to immense and costly wildfires. To disrupt the continuity of flammable vegetation, regional public land managers have begun clearing linear fuelbreaks that are currently seeded to a wind-pollinated Asian forb, forage kochia. A native fire-resistant alternative, Grindelia squarrosa, merits seeding with kochia. It readily colonizes disturbed sites and offers a profusion of late-season flowers to native bees. Field experiments showed that bee visitation is essential for its pollination. Compared with geitonogamous selfing, outcrossing yielded fourfold more filled achenes that were twice as likely to germinate. Collectively, our 15 regional surveys of bees foraging at G. squarrosa flowers were diverse (23 bee genera from five families) and all native, but for honeybees. Most of these species and three-fourths of their surveyed individuals nest below ground, where their progeny are safe from the surface heat of fire. Because G. squarrosa is a biennial, annual pollination by wild bees will be needed to assure ample seed to perpetuate populations sown in fuelbreaks of the US sagebrush steppe. In turn, G. squarrosa offers both pollen and nectar over many weeks that native bees avidly collect and cache for their progeny, as well as feeding future queens of resident social species.

美国西部山间干旱的山艾草草原容易发生巨大而昂贵的野火。为了破坏可燃植被的连续性，地区公共土地管理者已经开始清理线性的燃料中断，这些燃料中断目前种植在一种风媒传粉的亚洲草本植物——草食草上。一种本地的耐火替代品，粉砂，值得与小红花一起播种。它很容易在受干扰的地方定居，并为本地蜜蜂提供大量的晚季花朵。田间试验表明，蜜蜂的拜访对其授粉至关重要。与同族自交相比，异交产生的瘦果是同族自交的四倍，萌发的可能性是同族自交的两倍。总的来说，我们的15个区域调查显示，采食野蔷薇花的蜜蜂种类繁多（5科23个蜂属），除蜜蜂外均为本地蜜蜂。这些物种中的大多数和四分之三的被调查个体在地下筑巢，在那里它们的后代是安全的，不受地表火的影响。由于squarrosa是两年生植物，因此需要每年由野生蜜蜂授粉，以确保充足的种子，以使在美国山艾草草原的燃料中断中播种的种群永续。反过来，squarrosa在数周内提供花粉和花蜜，本土蜜蜂贪婪地收集和储存这些花粉和花蜜给它们的后代，以及喂养未来的常驻社会物种的女王。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of Cattle Grazing on Food Web Dynamics: Meso-predators and Rodents in a Sagebrush Ecosystem 放牧对食物网动态的影响：山艾草生态系统中观捕食者和啮齿动物

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.007

Vanessa M. Schroeder , Dustin D. Johnson , W. Douglas Robinson , David W. Bohnert , Jonathan B. Dinkins

We used a network of motion-sensitive cameras and weekly transect surveys during a replicated cattle grazing experiment to assess the influence of dormant season grazing, spring-summer rotational grazing, and grazing exclusion on the activity of rodent, meso-mammalian, lagomorph and reptilian species in southeast Oregon, USA, from 2018–2021. Activity of chipmunks (Neotamias spp.) and mice (subfamily Neotominae), was lower in moderate intensity rotationally grazed pastures compared to nongrazed pastures. When considering differences with respect to rotation (spring or summer) or cattle presence, we found evidence for reduced activity of most rodents (including chipmunks, ground squirrels [Urocitellus spp.], kangaroo rats [family Heteromyidae], and mice), with the largest reductions during summer grazing. We did not observe a direct effect of grazing on meso-predators, including American badgers (Taxidea taxus), and coyotes (Canis latrans). Perennial forb cover was associated with increased ground squirrel activity and coyote and badger occupancy, suggesting indirect effects stemming from vegetation food resources. Our results suggest grazing influences the activity and occupancy of many species within the sagebrush ecosystem food web, which has implications for several species of management concern. As the sagebrush ecosystem continues to shrink, managers should consider the influences of grazing management on the dynamics of species interactions, including predator-prey relationships.

2018-2021年，在美国俄勒冈州东南部进行了一项重复放牧实验，利用运动敏感摄像机网络和每周样带调查，评估了休牧期放牧、春夏轮牧和禁牧对啮齿动物、中哺乳动物、狐形动物和爬行动物活动的影响。在中等强度轮牧的草场上，花栗鼠（Neotamias spp.）和小鼠（Neotominae亚科）的活性低于未放牧的草场。在考虑轮换（春季或夏季）或牛的存在方面的差异时，我们发现大多数啮齿动物（包括花栗鼠，地松鼠[乌尾鼠属]，袋鼠鼠[杂家鼠科]和小鼠）的活动减少的证据，夏季放牧期间减少最多。我们没有观察到放牧对中掠食者的直接影响，包括美洲獾（Taxidea taxus）和土狼（Canis latrans）。多年生牧草覆盖增加了地松鼠活动、土狼和獾的占用，表明植被食物资源的间接影响。我们的研究结果表明，放牧影响了山艾草生态系统食物网中许多物种的活动和占用，这对一些物种的管理关注具有启示意义。随着山艾草生态系统的持续萎缩，管理者应该考虑放牧管理对物种相互作用动态的影响，包括捕食者-猎物关系。

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引用次数: 0

Monitoring and Prediction of Land Use and Land Cover Using Remote Sensing and CA-ANN 基于遥感和CA-ANN的土地利用和土地覆盖监测与预测

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.015

Frank Juma Ong’ondo , Shrinidhi Ambinakudige , Philista Adhiambo Malaki , Hafez Ahmad , Qingmin Meng , Domnic Kiprono Chesire , Kuria Anthony , Yahia Said

Human-driven land cover change poses a significant challenge to the sustainability of protected areas worldwide. Monitoring these dynamics and projecting future trends is crucial for effective conservation strategies. This study uses Nairobi National Park and its surrounding areas in Kenya as a case study to assess land cover change from 2016 to 2023 and project trends through 2040. We applied Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques, using Landsat imagery classified with the Random Forest (RF) algorithm in Google Earth Engine (GEE), to map land cover across eight classes. We projected future changes using a cellular automata–artificial neural network model, achieving 84.4% accuracy. Results revealed significant increases in built-up areas and agricultural land, accompanied by declines in forest, shrubland, woodland, water bodies, and bare soil. Projections indicate continued urban expansion and woodland growth, while agricultural land, bare soil, water bodies, and forests will decrease sharply. These findings highlight the urgent need for integrated land use planning and proactive conservation policies to manage rapid urban growth while preserving the ecological functions of protected areas and their surrounding landscapes.

人为驱动的土地覆盖变化对全球保护区的可持续性构成了重大挑战。监测这些动态和预测未来趋势对于有效的保护战略至关重要。本研究以肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园及其周边地区为例，评估了2016年至2023年的土地覆盖变化以及到2040年的项目趋势。我们应用地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感技术，利用谷歌Earth Engine （GEE）中随机森林（RF）算法分类的Landsat图像，绘制了8类土地覆盖图。我们使用元胞自动机-人工神经网络模型预测未来的变化，准确率达到84.4%。结果表明，建成区和农用地显著增加，森林、灌丛、林地、水体和裸地减少。预测表明，城市扩张和林地增长将继续，而农业用地、裸露土壤、水体和森林将急剧减少。这些发现突出表明，迫切需要进行综合土地利用规划和积极的保护政策，以管理快速的城市增长，同时保护保护区及其周围景观的生态功能。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of Overhead Vegetation and Economic impact on Nest Success of Ground-Nesting Birds in Chinese Grasslands: A Case Study From Inner Mongolia 中国草原上植被对地面筑巢鸟类筑巢成功率的影响及其经济效应——以内蒙古为例

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.013

Hongtao Liu

China’s semi-arid grasslands, particularly in Inner Mongolia, are undergoing rapid ecological changes due to overgrazing, agricultural expansion, and land degradation—threatening the reproductive success of native ground-nesting birds. This study investigates how overhead vegetation structure influences nest site selection and survival of the Mongolian Lark (Melanocorypha mongolica) and examines the broader economic implications of habitat degradation on avian reproductive success. Across 4 breeding seasons (2018–2022), 147 nests were monitored, revealing a 73% failure rate—predation being the primary cause. Using logistic regression and habitat modeling, results showed that denser overhead vegetation significantly improved daily nest survival rates, highlighting its protective role against aerial predators and microclimatic stress. Birds showed a clear preference for structurally complex, shrubby grasslands with tall clumps and high upper visual obstruction, while edges and perches had minimal influence on site selection. These findings underscore the ecological value of maintaining vegetation heterogeneity and suggest that preserving or restoring such features has cost-effective benefits for avian biodiversity. Economically, the conservation of structurally intact grasslands could reduce the need for costly species protection programs by enhancing natural nest survival. Therefore, habitat management strategies that promote tall, overhead vegetation in grasslands represent not only an ecological priority but also a sustainable investment in biodiversity conservation.

由于过度放牧、农业扩张和土地退化，中国半干旱草原，特别是内蒙古，正经历着快速的生态变化，威胁着本土地面筑巢鸟类的繁殖成功。本研究探讨了架空植被结构如何影响蒙古云雀（Melanocorypha mongolica）的巢址选择和生存，并探讨了栖息地退化对鸟类繁殖成功的更广泛的经济影响。在4个繁殖季节（2018-2022），对147个巢穴进行了监测，发现73%的失败率-捕食是主要原因。通过logistic回归和生境建模，结果表明，密集的架空植被显著提高了巢的日存活率，突出了其对空中捕食者和小气候胁迫的保护作用。鸟类对结构复杂、高丛、高视觉障碍的灌木林草地表现出明显的偏好，而边缘和栖息点对选址的影响最小。这些发现强调了维持植被异质性的生态价值，并表明保护或恢复这些特征对鸟类生物多样性具有经济效益。从经济上讲，保护结构完整的草原可以通过提高自然巢穴的存活率来减少对昂贵的物种保护计划的需求。因此，促进草原高架植被的生境管理策略不仅是生态优先事项，也是生物多样性保护的可持续投资。

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引用次数: 0

Risks and Rewards of Pre-emergent Herbicide (Indaziflam) to Defend Core Sagebrush-Steppe Ecosystems Under Suboptimal Precipitation 在次优降水条件下，预萌发除草剂（Indaziflam）保护核心山艾草-草原生态系统的风险与收益

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.006

Brynne E. Lazarus, Matthew J. Germino

Protection of intact habitat from the spread of invasive plants is a global priority, especially where invaders alter wildfire occurrence. Invasion of perennial sagebrush-steppe ecosystems by cheatgrass and other fire-promoting exotic annual grasses (EAGs) is one of the most notorious examples of this problem. Protection and expansion of the remaining intact “core” sagebrush areas are key management goals, and whether this can be accomplished by temporarily inhibiting annual plant populations with pre-emergent herbicides is a key question. We applied indaziflam in fall 2019 to replicate plots within two sagebrush-steppe sites in the Northern Great Basin, USA: 1) a relatively intact, uninvaded, unburned “core” site and 2) a partially invaded site that burned in the 2015 Soda Wildfire. Vegetation cover, density, and growth responses of native perennials were measured annually to 2024. We asked whether our treatments “defended” and “grew” core sagebrush areas. EAG cover remained <15% in indaziflam-treated plots while increasing to >30% in control plots by the fifth year after treatment at the unburned site but did not differ with treatment at the burned site. Native perennial grasses, forbs, and big sagebrush cover and growth did not differ with indaziflam treatment at either site. Moss cover was temporarily lower in indaziflam-treated plots at the unburned site, and cover of a native annual forb was significantly lower in indaziflam-treated plots throughout the study across both sites. Despite posttreatment drought and apparent patchiness in treatment implementation, our treatments “defended the core” by preventing crossing of the 20% EAG invasion threshold in the unburned site but not did not “grow the core.” Our results provide an example of a case in which proactive protection may be easier to accomplish than reactive restoration. Herbicide treatment effects may be sensitive to weather and application details. Implementation monitoring could help explain variability and improve success.

保护完整的栖息地免受入侵植物的传播是全球的优先事项，特别是在入侵者改变野火发生的地方。欺骗草和其他促火的外来一年生草（EAGs）对多年生山艾灌木-草原生态系统的入侵是这一问题最臭名昭著的例子之一。保护和扩大剩下的完整的“核心”山艾灌木区域是关键的管理目标，这是否可以通过临时抑制年度植物种群来实现，这是一个关键问题。我们于2019年秋季使用indaziflam在美国北部大盆地的两个山艾草草原遗址中复制了地块：1)一个相对完整、未被入侵、未被烧毁的“核心”遗址；2)一个在2015年苏打野火中被部分入侵的遗址。到2024年，每年测量本地多年生植物的植被覆盖度、密度和生长响应。我们询问我们的治疗方法是否“保护”和“生长”了山艾树的核心区域。在茚地夫兰处理地块，eeg覆盖率保持在15%，而在未烧伤地块处理后的第5年，对照地块的eeg覆盖率增加到30%，但与烧伤地块的处理没有差异。原生多年生草本植物、草本植物和大山艾的盖度和生长与茚地夫拉姆处理没有显著差异。在整个研究过程中，在未燃烧的地点，茚地夫兰处理过的地块上，苔藓的盖度暂时较低，在两个地点，茚地夫兰处理过的地块上，本地一年生草本植物的盖度显著较低。尽管处理后的干旱和治疗实施中明显的斑块，我们的处理通过防止在未燃烧部位越过20%的eeg入侵阈值来“保护核心”，但没有“生长核心”。我们的结果提供了一个案例的例子，其中主动保护可能比被动恢复更容易完成。除草剂的处理效果可能对天气和施用细节很敏感。实施监控可以帮助解释可变性并提高成功率。

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引用次数: 0

Deeper Seeding Allows Bunchgrass Establishment While the Pre-emergent Herbicide Indaziflam Controls Invasive Annual Grasses 较深的播种有利于束草的形成，而萌发前除草剂吲达西弗拉姆控制入侵的一年生草

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.06.009

Kirk W. Davies , Danielle R. Clenet , Peter J. Olsoy , Chad S. Boyd , Stella M. Copeland , Erik P. Hamerlynck , Rory C. O’Connor , Jon D. Bates

Restoration of annual grass-invaded rangelands is often a management priority. Pre-emergent herbicides are an effective restoration tool to reduce annual grasses but can negatively impact seeded vegetation. Hence, seeding is often delayed until herbicide activity has abated. With indaziflam, a pre-emergent with longer soil activity, seeding may need to be delayed for several years. It would be advantageous if seeded species could establish while indaziflam controls annual grasses, as competition with annual grasses would be limited, and forage production and vegetation cover of the soil surface would recover sooner. Seeding deeper in the soil may allow seeded species to largely avoid herbicide activity, but seeded species may struggle to emerge from greater seeding depths. We investigated seeding squirreltail and crested wheatgrass at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-cm seeding depths just prior to a fall indaziflam application at two sites in 2 yr. Seeding at ∼1-cm is the recommended practice for both bunchgrasses. Seedling density in late June was greater at the 3 and 5 cm seeding depths and likely greater at the 7 cm depths than at the 1-cm depth. Seedling height was greater at the 3-, 5-, and 7-cm depths than at the 1-cm depth. Seedling density and height did not vary among the 3-, 5-, and 7-cm depths. This suggests that indaziflam largely did not penetrate below the first centimeter or two of the soil the growing season after application. Seeding at depths of 3–7 cm is likely a viable strategy for allowing some seeded species to establish while indaziflam controls annual grasses. Additional evaluations across a gradient of soil and site characteristics, with different plant species and functional groups, and other pre-emergent herbicides are needed to refine this restoration strategy and identify its benefits and limitations.

恢复一年生草地通常是管理工作的重点。苗期除草剂是减少一年生草的有效恢复工具，但对种子植被有负面影响。因此，播种往往推迟到除草剂活性减弱。使用indaziflam，一种具有较长土壤活性的萌芽前植物，播种可能需要推迟几年。当茚地夫拉姆控制一年生草时，种子物种的建立将是有利的，因为与一年生草的竞争将受到限制，饲料产量和土壤表面植被覆盖将更快恢复。在土壤深处播种可能使种子物种在很大程度上避免除草剂的影响，但种子物种可能很难从更大的播种深度中出现。我们在两个地点进行了为期2年的鼠尾草和冠状小麦草播种试验，播种深度分别为1、3、5和7厘米，然后在秋季施用茚地芬。这两种禾草的推荐播种深度均为1厘米。6月下旬苗木密度在3和5 cm播种深度大于1 cm播种深度，7 cm播种深度可能大于1 cm播种深度。幼苗高度在3、5和7 cm处大于1 cm处。苗木密度和幼苗高度在3、5和7 cm深度间无显著差异。这表明，在施用后的生长季节，茚地夫拉姆基本上没有渗透到土壤的头一两厘米以下。当茚地夫拉姆控制一年生草时，在3-7厘米深处播种可能是一种可行的策略，可以使一些种子物种得以建立。需要对不同的土壤和场地特征、不同的植物种类和功能群以及其他苗期前除草剂进行进一步的评估，以完善这一恢复策略，并确定其优势和局限性。

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