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Exploring the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Adolescent Suicide Prevention: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions. 探索人工智能在预防青少年自杀中的潜力:当前应用、挑战和未来方向》。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2291945
Xiaoming Li, Fenglan Chen, Lijun Ma

ObjectiveThe global surge in adolescent suicide necessitates the development of innovative and efficacious preventive measures. Traditionally, various approaches have been used, but with limited success. However, with the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), new possibilities have emerged. This paper reviews the potentials and challenges of integrating AI into suicide prevention strategies, focusing on adolescents. Method: This narrative review assesses the impact of AI on suicide prevention strategies, the strategies and cases of AI applications in adolescent suicide prevention, as well as the challenges faced. Through searches on the PubMed, web of science, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases, 19 relevant articles were included in the review. Results: AI has significantly improved risk assessment and predictive modeling for identifying suicidal behavior. It has enabled the analysis of textual data through natural language processing and fostered novel intervention strategies. Although AI applications, such as chatbots and monitoring systems, show promise, they must navigate challenges like data privacy and ethical considerations. The research underscores the potential of AI to enhance future suicide prevention efforts through personalized interventions and integration with emerging technologies. Conclusion: AI possesses transformative potential for adolescent suicide prevention by offering targeted and adaptive solutions, while they also raise crucial ethical and practical considerations. Looking forward, AI can play a critical role in mitigating adolescent suicide rates, marking a new frontier in mental health care.

目标全球青少年自杀人数激增,因此有必要制定创新而有效的预防措施。传统上,人们采用了各种方法,但成效有限。然而,随着人工智能(AI)的快速发展,出现了新的可能性。本文以青少年为重点,回顾了将人工智能融入自杀预防策略的潜力和挑战。方法:这篇叙述性综述评估了人工智能对自杀预防策略的影响、人工智能在青少年自杀预防中的应用策略和案例,以及面临的挑战。通过在 PubMed、web of science、PsycINFO 和 EMBASE 数据库中搜索,19 篇相关文章被纳入综述。研究结果人工智能大大改进了风险评估和识别自杀行为的预测模型。它通过自然语言处理实现了对文本数据的分析,并促进了新型干预策略的发展。尽管聊天机器人和监控系统等人工智能应用前景广阔,但它们必须应对数据隐私和伦理考虑等挑战。这项研究强调了人工智能的潜力,即通过个性化干预和与新兴技术的整合,加强未来的自杀预防工作。结论通过提供有针对性和适应性的解决方案,人工智能在预防青少年自杀方面具有变革潜力,同时它们也提出了重要的伦理和实际问题。展望未来,人工智能将在降低青少年自杀率方面发挥关键作用,成为心理健康护理的新领域。
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引用次数: 0
Suicide in Military and Veteran Populations: A View Across the Five Eyes Nations. 军人和退伍军人群体中的自杀现象:纵观五眼国家。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2024.2306794
Nicole Sadler, David Pedlar, Robert Ursano

Objective: This commentary highlights challenges and opportunities in suicide prevention across the military and veteran populations of the Five Eyes nations.

Methods: Trends in suicides and suicidality in military and veteran populations are outlined, as well as identified risk and protective factors, and approaches to suicide prevention.

Results: Suicide risk is higher in veterans compared to current serving and community samples. Despite extensive research, the causation, prediction, and prevention of suicide, is still not well understood. We propose areas for further attention in prevention strategies.

Conclusion: Suicide and suicidality are issues of concern in military and veteran populations. Suicide prevention requires commitment to continuous improvement through research, analysis, and incorporation of evolving best practice.

目的:本评论强调了五眼国家在预防军人和退伍军人自杀方面所面临的挑战和机遇:本评论强调了 "五眼 "国家的军人和退伍军人在预防自杀方面面临的挑战和机遇:方法:概述军人和退伍军人自杀和自杀倾向的趋势,以及已确定的风险和保护因素以及预防自杀的方法:结果:与现役军人和社区样本相比,退伍军人的自杀风险更高。尽管开展了大量研究,但人们对自杀的成因、预测和预防仍不甚了解。我们提出了预防策略中需要进一步关注的领域:自杀和自杀倾向是军人和退伍军人群体关注的问题。预防自杀需要致力于通过研究、分析和不断发展的最佳实践来持续改进。
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引用次数: 0
What We Do Unwittingly. 我们在不知不觉中做了什么
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2024.2385085
Jon G Allen
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引用次数: 0
Peer Bullying and Psychiatric Diagnoses in Adolescents with Nonsuicidal Self-Injury. 非自杀性自伤青少年中的同伴欺凌和精神病诊断。
IF 4.6 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2024.2379752
Elif Güngördü, Hamza Ayaydin

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, peer bullying rates and NSSI characteristics in adolescents who engage in self-injuring behavior.

Materials and methods: This case-controlled cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 March 2020 and 1 May 2021 in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Paediatrics outpatient clinic of a hospital in the Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The data of 50 adolescents with NSSI and 60 adolescents without NSSI attending school were compared. The data in the study were obtained using sociodemographic form prepared by the researchers, the Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Interview Schedule for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version-Dsm-5, Peer Bullying Scale Adolescent Form and Self-Injurious Behaviour Assessment Inventory.

Results: Fifty adolescents (70% female) with a mean age of 15.4 years (S.D. = 1.4) with NSSI were included as case group and 60 adolescents (66.7% female) with a mean age of 15.5 years (S.D. = 1.3) without NSSI were included as control group. Banging/hitting self was the most common NSSI method, while affect regulation was the most common function. In the case group, verbal, isolation and damage to belongings among the victim subtypes in the last year were found to be significantly higher than in the control group. It was found that there was a positive correlation between the variety of self-injury methods and bullying exposure scores in adolescents with NSSI. Depression disorders, anxiety disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder diagnoses were found to be more prevalent in the group with NSSI.

Conclusions: Based on the finding, it was found that psychiatric diagnoses are more common in adolescents with NSSI, peer bullying subtypes are seen at a higher rate, and as bullying scores increase, the variety of NSSI methods also increases. It is thought that providing psychiatric evaluation and treatment for adolescents with NSSI, establishing cooperation with school and family for peer bullying, developing preventive mental health policies and effective intervention programmes may be beneficial.

研究目的本研究旨在确定有自伤行为的青少年的合并精神病诊断、同伴欺凌率和NSSI特征:这项病例对照横断面研究于 2020 年 3 月 1 日至 2021 年 5 月 1 日在土耳其东南部安纳托利亚地区一家医院的儿童和青少年精神病学及儿科门诊进行。研究人员比较了50名有NSSI的青少年和60名没有NSSI的在校青少年的数据。研究数据通过研究人员准备的社会人口学表格、学龄儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症访谈表--现在版和终生版--Dsm-5、青少年同伴欺凌量表和自伤行为评估量表获得:病例组包括 50 名有 NSSI 的青少年(70% 为女性),平均年龄为 15.4 岁(S.D. = 1.4);对照组包括 60 名没有 NSSI 的青少年(66.7% 为女性),平均年龄为 15.5 岁(S.D. = 1.3)。殴打/击打自己是最常见的 NSSI 方法,而情绪调节则是最常见的功能。在病例组中,过去一年中受害者亚型中的言语、孤立和财物损坏明显高于对照组。研究发现,在有 NSSI 的青少年中,自我伤害方式的多样性与欺凌暴露得分之间存在正相关。抑郁障碍、焦虑障碍、对立违抗障碍、注意缺陷多动障碍、品行障碍和创伤后应激障碍等诊断在有 NSSI 的青少年中更为普遍:根据研究结果,我们发现在有 NSSI 的青少年中,精神科诊断更为常见,同伴欺凌亚型的发生率更高,而且随着欺凌得分的增加,NSSI 方式的多样性也在增加。人们认为,为有 NSSI 的青少年提供精神评估和治疗,与学校和家庭建立针对同伴欺凌的合作关系,制定预防性心理健康政策和有效的干预方案可能会有所裨益。
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引用次数: 0
Let's Talk about Bruno: Encanto as a Medium to Teach Psychodynamic Theory. 让我们谈谈布鲁诺:即兴唱法作为一种媒介来教授心理动力学理论。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2022.2113318
Derrick Knox, Glennie Leshen

Encanto is a journey of self-discovery, empowerment, understanding and addressing deep rooted familial and childhood trauma, and reframing our negative thoughts and behaviors into positive ones. It also provides opportunities to sing-along to some of the catchiest earworms to top the Billboard Hot 100 in years. This masterpiece of a film can be used to educate medical students and psychiatry residents on psychodynamic theory in a low-stakes and safe environment to provide insight into our thoughts and feelings, which can be the first step to recovery.

Encanto是一个自我发现、赋权、理解和解决根深蒂固的家庭和童年创伤的旅程,并将我们的消极思想和行为重塑为积极的。它还提供了一个机会,可以跟着一些最朗朗上口的歌曲一起唱,这些歌曲多年来一直登顶公告牌百强单曲榜。这部电影的杰作可以用来在一个低风险和安全的环境中教育医学生和精神病学住院医生心理动力学理论,从而深入了解我们的思想和感受,这可能是康复的第一步。
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引用次数: 0
Advancing Concerns of Spanish-Speaking Physical Injury Survivors: Equitable Trauma Care System Service Delivery. 提高讲西班牙语的身体伤害幸存者的关注度:公平的创伤护理系统服务提供。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2238573
Alvaro La Rosa, Khadija Abu, Alexandra Hernandez, Douglas Zatzick

Objective: Few investigations have focused specifically on engaging Spanish-speaking patients in early post-injury comparative effectiveness trials. The goal of this study was to identify and categorize hospitalized Spanish-speaking injury survivors' posttraumatic concerns. Method: A secondary analysis of baseline data collected as part of a larger randomized comparative effectiveness trial was conducted. Participants were 22 male and female Spanish, non-English, speaking survivors of intentional and unintentional injuries, ages ≥ 18. At baseline, while hospitalized, each patient was asked to describe the nature and severity of their post-injury concerns. Patient concern narratives were audio-recorded and later transcribed. Raters coded patients' transcribed concerns into content domains. The associations between patient self-reported concern severity and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms assessed with the PTSD Checklist and depressive symptoms assessed with the PHQ-9 were also ascertained. Results: The concerns of Spanish-speaking patients were reliably categorized into previously described content domains (i.e., work and finance, physical health, social, psychological, medical, and legal domains). The composite Kappa statistic across domains was 0.83 (95% Confidence Interval = 0.74, 0.92). Spanish-speaking patients also expressed novel concerns, including immigration, discriminatory experiences, and Coronavirus pandemic, related concerns. The number of severe patient concerns was highly correlated with PHQ-9 depressive symptom levels (= 0.52, < .05). Conclusions: The concerns of Spanish-speaking trauma survivors can be readily elicited and reliably interpreted. Future research could integrate concern narrative elicitation and amelioration into stepped care intervention procedures in order to engage diverse Spanish-speaking injury survivors and advance equitable trauma care system service delivery.

目的:很少有研究专门针对让讲西班牙语的患者参与早期伤后比较效益试验。本研究的目的是对住院的讲西班牙语的受伤幸存者的创伤后顾虑进行识别和分类。方法:对收集到的基线数据进行二次分析:对作为大型随机比较效益试验一部分而收集的基线数据进行二次分析。参与者为 22 名男性和女性西班牙语非英语幸存者,年龄≥ 18 岁。在住院期间的基线阶段,每位患者都被要求描述其受伤后担忧的性质和严重程度。患者的担忧叙述被录音,随后被转录。评分员将患者转录的关注点按内容领域进行编码。此外,还确定了患者自我报告的担忧严重程度与创伤后应激障碍症状(以创伤后应激障碍核对表进行评估)和抑郁症状(以 PHQ-9 进行评估)之间的关联。研究结果讲西班牙语的患者所担心的问题被可靠地归类为之前描述过的内容领域(即工作和财务、身体健康、社会、心理、医疗和法律领域)。各领域的综合 Kappa 统计量为 0.83(95% 置信区间 = 0.74,0.92)。讲西班牙语的患者也表达了新的担忧,包括移民、歧视经历和冠状病毒大流行等相关担忧。患者严重担忧的数量与 PHQ-9 抑郁症状水平高度相关(r = 0.52,p < .05)。结论讲西班牙语的创伤幸存者的担忧可以很容易地被激发出来并得到可靠的解释。未来的研究可以将关切叙事的激发和改善纳入阶梯式护理干预程序,以便让不同的讲西班牙语的创伤幸存者参与进来,促进创伤护理系统服务的公平提供。
{"title":"Advancing Concerns of Spanish-Speaking Physical Injury Survivors: Equitable Trauma Care System Service Delivery.","authors":"Alvaro La Rosa, Khadija Abu, Alexandra Hernandez, Douglas Zatzick","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2238573","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2238573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> Few investigations have focused specifically on engaging Spanish-speaking patients in early post-injury comparative effectiveness trials. The goal of this study was to identify and categorize hospitalized Spanish-speaking injury survivors' posttraumatic concerns. <i>Method:</i> A secondary analysis of baseline data collected as part of a larger randomized comparative effectiveness trial was conducted. Participants were 22 male and female Spanish, non-English, speaking survivors of intentional and unintentional injuries, ages ≥ 18. At baseline, while hospitalized, each patient was asked to describe the nature and severity of their post-injury concerns. Patient concern narratives were audio-recorded and later transcribed. Raters coded patients' transcribed concerns into content domains. The associations between patient self-reported concern severity and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms assessed with the PTSD Checklist and depressive symptoms assessed with the PHQ-9 were also ascertained. <i>Results:</i> The concerns of Spanish-speaking patients were reliably categorized into previously described content domains (i.e., work and finance, physical health, social, psychological, medical, and legal domains). The composite Kappa statistic across domains was 0.83 (95% Confidence Interval = 0.74, 0.92). Spanish-speaking patients also expressed novel concerns, including immigration, discriminatory experiences, and Coronavirus pandemic, related concerns. The number of severe patient concerns was highly correlated with PHQ-9 depressive symptom levels (<i>r </i>= 0.52, <i>p </i>< .05). <i>Conclusions:</i> The concerns of Spanish-speaking trauma survivors can be readily elicited and reliably interpreted. Future research could integrate concern narrative elicitation and amelioration into stepped care intervention procedures in order to engage diverse Spanish-speaking injury survivors and advance equitable trauma care system service delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":" ","pages":"364-371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9942437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why Psychiatrists Should Read (and Watch) the Lord of the Rings. 为什么精神病学家应该阅读(并观看)《指环王》。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2253665
Landon L Van Dell, David A Nissan, Samuel C Collier

Stories have, throughout all of time, given human beings an opportunity to contrast our own experiences and thoughts with a character's. To imagine another's situation, empathize with it, and then learn of their struggles or achievements, is an excellent opportunity for us to grow. It is transformative. These meaningful messages should be examined, rather than simply dismissed. Medicine has learned much from examining animals, nature, and history. Is it outlandish to consider the possibility that examination of Middle Earth, Hobbits and Elves, could be equally useful? When we consider psychiatric illness or distress, we are examining many very complicated processes happening within an individual's mind. Similarly, when we read or watch a well-done novel or film, the impact can be very far from fictitious. We experience the story with the characters, often reciprocating their emotions and deliberating on their decisions. To chalk this experience up as "fake" would be a disservice. After all, the effects of the physical world and a person's imagination can have comparable reverberations throughout the psyche. Stories have considerable impact on our psychological health, and the insight that we extract from them can improve overall emotional wellbeing. The Lord of the Rings is a classic and brilliantly depicted narrative. Despite many characters being of different species, they teach very tangible human lessons. This article will explore some of these lessons, all the while considering their influence and importance in life, whether psychiatrically beneficial or destructive. Specifically, six lessons will be discussed.

一直以来,故事都给了人类一个将我们自己的经历和想法与角色的经历和思想进行对比的机会。想象他人的处境,感同身受,然后了解他们的奋斗或成就,是我们成长的绝佳机会。它具有变革性。这些有意义的信息应该加以审查,而不是简单地不予理会。医学从研究动物、自然和历史中学到了很多东西。考虑到对中土大陆、霍比特人和精灵的研究同样有用的可能性,这是不是很奇怪?当我们考虑精神疾病或痛苦时,我们正在研究一个人脑海中发生的许多非常复杂的过程。同样,当我们阅读或观看一部出色的小说或电影时,其影响可能远非虚构。我们与角色一起体验这个故事,经常反复表达他们的情绪,思考他们的决定。把这种经历归为“假的”是一种伤害。毕竟,物质世界和一个人的想象力的影响可以在整个心理中产生类似的反响。故事对我们的心理健康有着相当大的影响,我们从中汲取的洞察力可以改善整体情绪健康。《指环王》是一部经典而精彩的叙事作品。尽管许多角色来自不同的物种,但它们给人类带来了非常具体的教训。这篇文章将探讨其中的一些教训,同时考虑到它们在生活中的影响和重要性,无论是对精神有益还是具有破坏性。具体而言,将讨论六个经验教训。
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引用次数: 0
Sustaining Resilience of Healthcare Workers and Leaders during a Pandemic: A Protocol to Support Coping during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 在大流行期间保持医护人员和领导者的应变能力:在 COVID-19 大流行期间支持应对方案》。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2246847
Pavlos Kasdovasilis, Neil Cook, Alexander Montasem

Objective: One way healthcare organisations can support their staff is through supervision. Supervision is typically defined as a process in which professionals receive support and guidance from more experienced colleagues. In this brief review we propose a tailored protocol for supporting support workers during a pandemic. Method: We collected narrative data from difference sources including a systematic meta ethnography and used expert advise in order to tailor the protocol. Results: This protocol can be used by management teams (e.g., senior support workers, team leaders, registered managers, and operation managers) without any prior experience of supervision. The protocol suggested includes a template with easy-to-follow instructions. Conclusions: It provides an easy step-by-step guide that simplifies the process whilst maintaining the depth needed to ensure effective supervision.

目的:医疗机构为员工提供支持的一种方式是监督。监督通常被定义为专业人员从更有经验的同事那里获得支持和指导的过程。在这篇简短的综述中,我们提出了在大流行期间为支持工作者提供支持的定制方案。方法:我们收集了不同来源的叙述性数据,包括系统的元人种学研究,并利用专家建议来定制协议。结果:管理团队(如高级支持工作者、团队领导、注册经理和运营经理)在没有任何监督经验的情况下也可以使用该方案。所建议的规程包括一个模板,其中包含易于遵循的说明。结论它提供了一个简便的分步指南,既简化了过程,又保持了确保有效督导所需的深度。
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引用次数: 0
Context and Mood Effects in Interpreting Ambiguous Facial Expressions. 语境和情绪效应在解释模糊面部表情中的作用。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2022.2105603
Marco Kramer, Christine Heinisch, Patrick Baumgart, Martin Brüne, Georg Juckel
Dear Editor, We have recently read that the typical bias toward a negative valence in the classification of ambiguous facial expressions shifts toward positivity through mindfulness interventions (Harp et al., 2022). In general, the classification and interpretation of facial emotions is influenced by a pattern of external cues (e.g., the expresser, visual cues, auditive and verbal cues, body language) and internal cues of the perceiver (e.g., cultural background, mood, personality traits, social learning, psychiatric and neurological disorders, mindfulness; Newen et al., 2015). However, it remains unclear which of these cues are critical in the classification of ambiguous faces. Thus, we performed a pilot study which examined the emotion classification of seven ambiguous facial expressions that were presented on a computer screen in front of eight different emotional contexts suggestive of happiness, fear, anger, disgust and sadness in a randomized order (see, Figure 1), and afterward in their original context. The analyzed sample comprised 38 healthy participants (21 females and 17 males) at a mean age of 22.21 years (SD = 3.138). Mood, life events, and personality were examined using selfreport questionnaires and participants rated their subjective use of context-, eyeand faceinformation by use of a slider bar. A series of explorative paired Wilcoxon tests revealed that emotional contexts affected the classification of ambiguous facial expressions. Results were most concise in a highly salient context suggesting disgust (a picture of maggots), which led to a significantly more frequent classification of disgust than all other emotions. Regarding the other emotional contexts except for contexts suggesting happiness, participants significantly more frequently classified the emotion suggested by the context than most other emotions. Across all emotional conditions, participants more frequently classified emotions of negative valence (fear, anger, sadness, disgust). In the original context, faces were instead classified predominantly as happy, followed by surprise. Bivariate Spearman correlational analyses between the self-reported information and emotional classifications revealed that the participants’ subjective use of contextual but not facial information, the irritability and fear experience subscales of the mood questionnaire (Eigenschaftswörterliste/EWL-K, Janke & Debus, 1978) and
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引用次数: 0
Crowds and Other Collectives: Complexities of Human Behaviors in Mass Emergencies. 人群和其他集体:大规模紧急事件中人类行为的复杂性》。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2289816
Beverley Raphael
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引用次数: 0
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