Erwinia amylovora causes fire blight mainly on pear, apple and quince trees. This bacterial pathogen also infects other Rosaceous plants, such as blackberry and raspberry. A race structure was established between an isolate of E. amylovora and berries using 40 wild blackberry and 7 wild raspberry genotypes. In pathogenicity tests, wild blackberry and raspberry genotypes had three phenotypic reactions: enhanced susceptibility, moderate susceptibility and resistance. We noted a higher bacterial growth of over 300 × 109 cfu mL-1 in plants with enhanced susceptibility, with resistant genotypes showing a bacterial growth of around 150 × 109 cfu mL-1. These results are also associated with symptoms observed at 29 days post-inoculation. This resistance is being evaluated to control fire blight.
{"title":"Blackberry and raspberry are alternative resistance sources to fire blight","authors":"O. Calis, C. Cekic, S. Kara, Demet Celik Ertekin","doi":"10.7202/1040510AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1040510AR","url":null,"abstract":"Erwinia amylovora causes fire blight mainly on pear, apple and quince trees. This bacterial pathogen also infects other Rosaceous plants, such as blackberry and raspberry. A race structure was established between an isolate of E. amylovora and berries using 40 wild blackberry and 7 wild raspberry genotypes. In pathogenicity tests, wild blackberry and raspberry genotypes had three phenotypic reactions: enhanced susceptibility, moderate susceptibility and resistance. We noted a higher bacterial growth of over 300 × 109 cfu mL-1 in plants with enhanced susceptibility, with resistant genotypes showing a bacterial growth of around 150 × 109 cfu mL-1. These results are also associated with symptoms observed at 29 days post-inoculation. This resistance is being evaluated to control fire blight.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"55 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90881607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charles Vincent, Stéphane Dumont, Pierre de Tonnancour
The occurrence of the North American native grape rootworm, Fidia viticida Walsh (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is reported for the first time in Quebec. During the summer of 2016, adults were beaten from Virginia creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, and riverbank grape, Vitis riparia, along the Papineau-Leblanc Highway in Laval, Quebec. Fidia viticida is a pest of cultivated grapes in the Lake Erie area. Its current pest status in Canada is unknown.
{"title":"The grape rootworm, Fidia viticida (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), newly recorded from Quebec","authors":"Charles Vincent, Stéphane Dumont, Pierre de Tonnancour","doi":"10.7202/1040511AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1040511AR","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of the North American native grape rootworm, Fidia viticida Walsh (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is reported for the first time in Quebec. During the summer of 2016, adults were beaten from Virginia creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, and riverbank grape, Vitis riparia, along the Papineau-Leblanc Highway in Laval, Quebec. Fidia viticida is a pest of cultivated grapes in the Lake Erie area. Its current pest status in Canada is unknown.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"56 1","pages":"17-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84752995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pierre Desrochers, Vicky Huppé, J. Leclerc, P. Chevalier
A la suite de la mediatisation de cas recents de contamination domiciliaire par la merule pleureuse, Serpula lacrymans, nous examinons la prevalence historique de celle-ci au Canada a partir de donnees provenant des herbiers mycologiques et des collections de cultures de Ressources naturelles Canada en comparaison avec celle rapportee en Europe et aux Etats-Unis. A partir des connaissances developpees en Europe sur la merule, nous decrivons sa biologie, sa detection, la prevention de sa contamination et la restauration des bâtiments affectes dans le contexte reglementaire quebecois et canadien.
{"title":"La mérule pleureuse, Serpula lacrymans : revue de la situation historique et des interventions possibles","authors":"Pierre Desrochers, Vicky Huppé, J. Leclerc, P. Chevalier","doi":"10.7202/1046726AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1046726AR","url":null,"abstract":"A la suite de la mediatisation de cas recents de contamination domiciliaire par la merule pleureuse, Serpula lacrymans, nous examinons la prevalence historique de celle-ci au Canada a partir de donnees provenant des herbiers mycologiques et des collections de cultures de Ressources naturelles Canada en comparaison avec celle rapportee en Europe et aux Etats-Unis. A partir des connaissances developpees en Europe sur la merule, nous decrivons sa biologie, sa detection, la prevention de sa contamination et la restauration des bâtiments affectes dans le contexte reglementaire quebecois et canadien.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"92 1","pages":"44-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76048244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Rioux, S. Pouleur, P. Randall, A. Vanasse, T. Turkington, Y. Dion, K. Belkacemi
To find seed treatments that are acceptable for organic cereal production, we tested the efficacy of three treatments, i.e. dry heat, a low dose of acetic acid vapours (AAV-L), and a high dose of AAV (AAV-H), to control Fusarium graminearum (Fg) and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs), two seed-borne pathogens affecting emergence and yield in barley and wheat. These treatments were compared with a control (no treatment) and Vitaflo®-280. Treatments were applied on six barley and six wheat seed lots contaminated with Fg at a rate of > 20% (i.e. > 20% of seeds contaminated) and/or Bs at a rate of > 50%. For all Fg-contaminated lots, the three non-chemical treatments reduced the contamination rate under the rejection threshold of 15%, which is the Danish recommendation for Fusarium spp. For Bs-contaminated lots, AAV-H reduced contamination the most, followed by AAV-L, and then by dry heat, which had no effect on barley. However, these treatments did not reduce Bs contamination under the rejection threshold of 30%, except for AAV-H in one barley lot and dry heat in one wheat lot. Also, AAV-H reduced the germination in three wheat lots and in the hulless barley AC Hawkeye, and this had negative effects on grain yield for two of the wheat lots. AAV-H had no effect on grain yield in the other lots, and neither did the other treatments in any of the lots. Dry heat was effective for controlling Fg in both cereals, whereas AAV-H showed some potential to control both pathogens, but only in covered grains. None of the treatments evaluated appears to be appropriate for reducing contamination by either pathogens in wheat and barley.
{"title":"Efficacy of acetic acid vapours and dry heat to control Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana in barley and wheat seeds","authors":"S. Rioux, S. Pouleur, P. Randall, A. Vanasse, T. Turkington, Y. Dion, K. Belkacemi","doi":"10.7202/1037531AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1037531AR","url":null,"abstract":"To find seed treatments that are acceptable for organic cereal production, we tested the efficacy of three treatments, i.e. dry heat, a low dose of acetic acid vapours (AAV-L), and a high dose of AAV (AAV-H), to control Fusarium graminearum (Fg) and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs), two seed-borne pathogens affecting emergence and yield in barley and wheat. These treatments were compared with a control (no treatment) and Vitaflo®-280. Treatments were applied on six barley and six wheat seed lots contaminated with Fg at a rate of > 20% (i.e. > 20% of seeds contaminated) and/or Bs at a rate of > 50%. For all Fg-contaminated lots, the three non-chemical treatments reduced the contamination rate under the rejection threshold of 15%, which is the Danish recommendation for Fusarium spp. For Bs-contaminated lots, AAV-H reduced contamination the most, followed by AAV-L, and then by dry heat, which had no effect on barley. However, these treatments did not reduce Bs contamination under the rejection threshold of 30%, except for AAV-H in one barley lot and dry heat in one wheat lot. Also, AAV-H reduced the germination in three wheat lots and in the hulless barley AC Hawkeye, and this had negative effects on grain yield for two of the wheat lots. AAV-H had no effect on grain yield in the other lots, and neither did the other treatments in any of the lots. Dry heat was effective for controlling Fg in both cereals, whereas AAV-H showed some potential to control both pathogens, but only in covered grains. None of the treatments evaluated appears to be appropriate for reducing contamination by either pathogens in wheat and barley.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84099763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Mimee, Annie-Ève Gagnon, Katia Colton-Gagnon, É. Tremblay
Le nematode a kyste du soja (NKS), Heterodera glycines, est un nematode phytoparasite causant des pertes de rendement considerables dans la culture de soja. Il a ete detecte pour la premiere fois au Quebec en 2013. Nous presentons ici les resultats d’une enquete visant a determiner les regions affectees par ce ravageur et la densite de populations presentes au Quebec. Au cours des trois dernieres annees (2013-2015), le NKS a ete detecte dans 54 echantillons (32 % des champs testes) repartis dans les 10 regions productrices de soja du Quebec. Les densites de populations trouvees etaient par contre tres faibles, a la limite de detection. Parmi les regions testees, l’Estrie presentait la plus forte proportion de champs positifs (63 %). Etonnamment, cette proportion n’etait que de 7 % en Monteregie-Ouest, la ou la premiere detection a pourtant eu lieu et ou se concentre la production de soja. Dans l’ensemble, la qualite des kystes recuperes etait pauvre et le nombre d’oeufs tres faible. Meme si les populations sont encore negligeables, le NKS est bel et bien present au Quebec et il ne pourra pas etre eradique. Diverses mesures devraient donc etre mises en oeuvre afin de limiter la dispersion et l’accroissement des populations de ce ravageur important.
{"title":"Portrait de la situation du nématode à kyste du soja (Heterodera glycines) au Québec (2013-2015)","authors":"Benjamin Mimee, Annie-Ève Gagnon, Katia Colton-Gagnon, É. Tremblay","doi":"10.7202/1038941AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1038941AR","url":null,"abstract":"Le nematode a kyste du soja (NKS), Heterodera glycines, est un nematode phytoparasite causant des pertes de rendement considerables dans la culture de soja. Il a ete detecte pour la premiere fois au Quebec en 2013. Nous presentons ici les resultats d’une enquete visant a determiner les regions affectees par ce ravageur et la densite de populations presentes au Quebec. Au cours des trois dernieres annees (2013-2015), le NKS a ete detecte dans 54 echantillons (32 % des champs testes) repartis dans les 10 regions productrices de soja du Quebec. Les densites de populations trouvees etaient par contre tres faibles, a la limite de detection. Parmi les regions testees, l’Estrie presentait la plus forte proportion de champs positifs (63 %). Etonnamment, cette proportion n’etait que de 7 % en Monteregie-Ouest, la ou la premiere detection a pourtant eu lieu et ou se concentre la production de soja. Dans l’ensemble, la qualite des kystes recuperes etait pauvre et le nombre d’oeufs tres faible. Meme si les populations sont encore negligeables, le NKS est bel et bien present au Quebec et il ne pourra pas etre eradique. Diverses mesures devraient donc etre mises en oeuvre afin de limiter la dispersion et l’accroissement des populations de ce ravageur important.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"1 1","pages":"33-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89155233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stripe rust, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the world’s most important diseases of wheat. In Canada, stripe rust is found mainly in the western provinces (British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan) and, more recently, in the provinces of Manitoba and Ontario. Here, we report the first detection of stripe rust on wheat in the province of Quebec, Canada. Leaves showing yellowish sporulation arranged in narrow stripes were found in wheat performance trials at the research station of Universite Laval, in Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures. Morphological identification was confirmed by several PCR assays targeting specific genomic sequences and a rDNA gene segment (ITS2/28S).
小麦条锈病(Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)是全球最重要的小麦病害之一。在加拿大，条锈病主要在西部省份(不列颠哥伦比亚省、阿尔伯塔省和萨斯喀彻温省)发现，最近在马尼托巴省和安大略省发现。在此，我们报告了加拿大魁北克省首次检测到小麦条锈病。在位于圣奥古斯丁-德斯莫雷的拉瓦尔大学研究站进行的小麦性能试验中，发现了黄色孢子排列成窄条纹的叶片。形态学鉴定通过针对特定基因组序列和rDNA基因片段(ITS2/28S)的多次PCR检测得到证实。
{"title":"First report of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) on wheat in Quebec, Canada","authors":"S. Rioux, B. Mimee, A. Gagnon, S. Hambleton","doi":"10.7202/1028400AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1028400AR","url":null,"abstract":"Stripe rust, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the world’s most important diseases of wheat. In Canada, stripe rust is found mainly in the western provinces (British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan) and, more recently, in the provinces of Manitoba and Ontario. Here, we report the first detection of stripe rust on wheat in the province of Quebec, Canada. Leaves showing yellowish sporulation arranged in narrow stripes were found in wheat performance trials at the research station of Universite Laval, in Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures. Morphological identification was confirmed by several PCR assays targeting specific genomic sequences and a rDNA gene segment (ITS2/28S).","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"52 1","pages":"7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81468949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne-Frédérique Gendron St-Marseille, G. Bélair, Jacques Brodeur, Gaëtan Bourgeois, Benjamin Mimee
Au Canada, le nematode a kyste du soya, Heterodera glycines (NKS), a d’abord ete detecte en Ontario en 1988 et plus recemment au Quebec en 2013. Il est la principale cause des pertes economiques associees a la production de soya au Canada et aux Etats-Unis. Les moyens de lutte contre ce ravageur sont limites et reposent essentiellement sur l’exploitation des genes de resistance naturels du soya. II est primordial d’etudier la reponse du NKS ainsi que celle de son hote sous le climat du Quebec afin de developper des strategies de lutte efficaces. De plus, les fluctuations de temperature associees aux changements climatiques modifieront les traits biologiques du NKS, la phenologie de son hote et leur interaction. Cela pourrait ainsi affecter l’efficacite et la durabilite des outils de gestion. Dans ce contexte, l’impact des changements climatiques anticipes sur les interactions entre le nematode a kyste du soya et son hote principal, le soya, sera presente.
{"title":"Impact des changements climatiques sur les interactions moléculaires entre le nématode à kyste du soya (Heterodera glycines) et son hôte principal, le soya (Glycine max)","authors":"Anne-Frédérique Gendron St-Marseille, G. Bélair, Jacques Brodeur, Gaëtan Bourgeois, Benjamin Mimee","doi":"10.7202/1035304AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1035304AR","url":null,"abstract":"Au Canada, le nematode a kyste du soya, Heterodera glycines (NKS), a d’abord ete detecte en Ontario en 1988 et plus recemment au Quebec en 2013. Il est la principale cause des pertes economiques associees a la production de soya au Canada et aux Etats-Unis. Les moyens de lutte contre ce ravageur sont limites et reposent essentiellement sur l’exploitation des genes de resistance naturels du soya. II est primordial d’etudier la reponse du NKS ainsi que celle de son hote sous le climat du Quebec afin de developper des strategies de lutte efficaces. De plus, les fluctuations de temperature associees aux changements climatiques modifieront les traits biologiques du NKS, la phenologie de son hote et leur interaction. Cela pourrait ainsi affecter l’efficacite et la durabilite des outils de gestion. Dans ce contexte, l’impact des changements climatiques anticipes sur les interactions entre le nematode a kyste du soya et son hote principal, le soya, sera presente.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"30 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84298153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Saguez, J. Lasnier, M. D. Schwartz, Charles Vincent
Atractotomus mali (Meyer-Dur, 1843) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a zoophytophagous insect associated with orchards in Europe and North America. In Canada, it has previously been reported in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) orchards in several provinces, but mainly in Nova Scotia, where it induced more damage on fruit than predatory effects. During the summer of 2014, we collected 33 specimens in an apple orchard in Magog (QC, Canada), using a tapping method. This study constitutes the first record of A. mali in Quebec.
{"title":"First record of the zoophytophagous plant bug Atractotomus mali (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Quebec orchards","authors":"J. Saguez, J. Lasnier, M. D. Schwartz, Charles Vincent","doi":"10.7202/1035303AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1035303AR","url":null,"abstract":"Atractotomus mali (Meyer-Dur, 1843) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a zoophytophagous insect associated with orchards in Europe and North America. In Canada, it has previously been reported in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) orchards in several provinces, but mainly in Nova Scotia, where it induced more damage on fruit than predatory effects. During the summer of 2014, we collected 33 specimens in an apple orchard in Magog (QC, Canada), using a tapping method. This study constitutes the first record of A. mali in Quebec.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"57 1","pages":"38-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88343394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La maladie corticale du hetre (MCH) est de plus en plus frequente dans les forets de l’est de l’Amerique du Nord. Des chercheurs ont avance l’hypothese que l’expansion de cette maladie pourrait etre en partie liee au statut nutritif des arbres. Pour tester cette hypothese, nous avons verifie la relation entre l’apparition de cette maladie et la composition du feuillage du hetre (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) dans les stations du Reseau d’etude et de surveillance des ecosystemes forestiers du Quebec. Sur les 14 stations contenant du hetre, cinq presentaient des symptomes de la maladie entre 2006 et 2012. Les arbres infectes etaient en moyenne de plus grand diametre que ceux qui ne l’etaient pas. La presence de la MCH etait liee en partie a la composition foliaire des arbres (pseudo-R2 : 0,551). L’analyse indique que plus le rapport N/P du feuillage du hetre est eleve, plus la probabilite d’infection par la MCH est importante; et plus les rapports Zn/Mn et Mg/K du feuillage sont eleves, plus la probabilite d’infection par la MCH est faible. Ces rapports donnent a penser que les conditions d’acidification du sol et de drainage influencent la vigueur des arbres et, consequemment, leur vulnerabilite a la MCH.
hetre皮质病(hcm)在北美东部森林中越来越常见。研究人员推测，这种疾病的传播可能部分与树木的营养状况有关。为了验证这一假设，我们在Reseau d ' etude et de surveillance des ecosystemes forestiers du Quebec的站点上验证了这种疾病的发生与山毛榉(Fagus granfolia Ehrh.)叶片组成之间的关系。在2006年至2012年期间，14个含有hetre的站点中有5个出现了这种疾病的症状。平均而言，受感染的树木比未受感染的树木直径大。hcm的存在部分与树木的叶片组成有关(伪r2: 0.551)。分析表明，hetre叶片氮磷比越高，MCH感染的可能性越大;叶片Zn/Mn和Mg/K比值越高，MCH感染的可能性越低。这些报告表明，土壤酸化和排水条件影响树木的活力，从而影响树木对hcm的脆弱性。
{"title":"Relation entre la composition foliaire et la présence de la maladie corticale du hêtre dans les stations du Réseau d’étude et de surveillance des écosystèmes forestiers du Québec","authors":"R. Ouimet, L. Duchesne, Jean-David Moore","doi":"10.7202/1031956AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1031956AR","url":null,"abstract":"La maladie corticale du hetre (MCH) est de plus en plus frequente dans les forets de l’est de l’Amerique du Nord. Des chercheurs ont avance l’hypothese que l’expansion de cette maladie pourrait etre en partie liee au statut nutritif des arbres. Pour tester cette hypothese, nous avons verifie la relation entre l’apparition de cette maladie et la composition du feuillage du hetre (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) dans les stations du Reseau d’etude et de surveillance des ecosystemes forestiers du Quebec. Sur les 14 stations contenant du hetre, cinq presentaient des symptomes de la maladie entre 2006 et 2012. Les arbres infectes etaient en moyenne de plus grand diametre que ceux qui ne l’etaient pas. La presence de la MCH etait liee en partie a la composition foliaire des arbres (pseudo-R2 : 0,551). L’analyse indique que plus le rapport N/P du feuillage du hetre est eleve, plus la probabilite d’infection par la MCH est importante; et plus les rapports Zn/Mn et Mg/K du feuillage sont eleves, plus la probabilite d’infection par la MCH est faible. Ces rapports donnent a penser que les conditions d’acidification du sol et de drainage influencent la vigueur des arbres et, consequemment, leur vulnerabilite a la MCH.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"24 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87769756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The susceptibility of adults and larvae of the Japanese beetle to isolates of the fungi Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Metarhizium anisopliae, Lecanicillium longisporum and L. muscarium (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) was evaluated in laboratory bioassays. The presence of intra- and interspecific variations regarding the pathogenicity of the isolates was investigated. Results show that most of the fungal isolates caused mortality in adults and larvae. Isolates M. anisopliae INRS 705 and B. bassiana INRS 236 induced 70.3% and 65.2% of mortality in P. japonica adults, respectively, and both caused the death of about 37% of larvae. Of the 17 tested isolates, 13 caused larval mortality. However, no significant difference was found between the susceptibility of larvae to isolates from different species and those from a same species. Lecanicillium species are undoubtedly not pathogenic to adults and seem to have few effects on larvae. Based on the results obtained with the selected isolates, intra- and interspecific differences relative to the pathogenicity of the isolates appeared to be present. Overall, this study expanded the knowledge about P. japonica susceptibility towards entomopathogenic Hypocreales fungi. The implications of this study regarding the development of a biological control agent are discussed.
{"title":"Susceptibility of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Newman) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), to entomopathogenic Hypocreales fungi","authors":"F. Giroux, R. Lavallée, É. Bauce, C. Guertin","doi":"10.7202/1028399AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1028399AR","url":null,"abstract":"The susceptibility of adults and larvae of the Japanese beetle to isolates of the fungi Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Metarhizium anisopliae, Lecanicillium longisporum and L. muscarium (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) was evaluated in laboratory bioassays. The presence of intra- and interspecific variations regarding the pathogenicity of the isolates was investigated. Results show that most of the fungal isolates caused mortality in adults and larvae. Isolates M. anisopliae INRS 705 and B. bassiana INRS 236 induced 70.3% and 65.2% of mortality in P. japonica adults, respectively, and both caused the death of about 37% of larvae. Of the 17 tested isolates, 13 caused larval mortality. However, no significant difference was found between the susceptibility of larvae to isolates from different species and those from a same species. Lecanicillium species are undoubtedly not pathogenic to adults and seem to have few effects on larvae. Based on the results obtained with the selected isolates, intra- and interspecific differences relative to the pathogenicity of the isolates appeared to be present. Overall, this study expanded the knowledge about P. japonica susceptibility towards entomopathogenic Hypocreales fungi. The implications of this study regarding the development of a biological control agent are discussed.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74106456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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