Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101346
Jianhao Shen, Swapnajit Chakravarty
We experimentally demonstrate an array of bus-coupled compact one-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavities with large extinction, high-quality factor, and large free spectral range (FSR) exceeding 300 nm centered on the telecom wavelength at 1550 nm. We present designs for an oxide-clad bus-coupled PC switch with 0.96 dB insertion loss, 4.33 dB extinction, and ∼260 aJ/bit switching energy by careful control of the cavity geometry as well as p-n junction doping. We also demonstrate that air-clad bus-coupled PC switches can operate with 1 dB insertion loss, 3 dB extinction, and ∼80 aJ/bit switching energy. We present a design route integrating phase change materials that can undergo a controlled transition between amorphous to crystalline material phases of the PCMs for a large change in refractive index. The large index change can overcome fabrication imperfections to effectively align the PC nanocavity resonance to the source laser wavelength thereby enabling true atto-joule per bit operation without the need for active power-consuming thermal heaters.
{"title":"Design of a compact atto-joule-per-bit bus-coupled photonic nanocavity switch","authors":"Jianhao Shen, Swapnajit Chakravarty","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We experimentally demonstrate an array of bus-coupled compact one-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavities with large extinction, high-quality factor, and large free spectral range (FSR) exceeding 300 nm centered on the telecom wavelength at 1550 nm. We present designs for an oxide-clad bus-coupled PC switch with 0.96 dB insertion loss, 4.33 dB extinction, and ∼260 aJ/bit switching energy by careful control of the cavity geometry as well as p-n junction doping. We also demonstrate that air-clad bus-coupled PC switches can operate with 1 dB insertion loss, 3 dB extinction, and ∼80 aJ/bit switching energy. We present a design route integrating phase change materials that can undergo a controlled transition between amorphous to crystalline material phases of the PCMs for a large change in refractive index. The large index change can overcome fabrication imperfections to effectively align the PC nanocavity resonance to the source laser wavelength thereby enabling true atto-joule per bit operation without the need for active power-consuming thermal heaters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101343
Mykola Khobzei , Vladyslav Tkach , Dmytro Vovchuk , Anna Mikhailovskaya , Serhii Haliuk , Andrii Samila , Jurgis Porins , Toms Salgals , Vjaceslavs Bobrovs , Pavel Ginzburg
Temporal degrees of freedom open new capabilities to control electromagnetic interactions with structured media. While rapid changes in effective material susceptibilities, comparable to the carrier oscillation period, suggest emerging new peculiar phenomena, experimental realizations lag theoretical predictions. However, effects inspired by slow, practically realizable parametric changes in effective media possess both fundamental interest and immediate practical applications. Here we perform comprehensive studies of modal hierarchy in a deformable Fabry-Perot resonator, constructed from a wire array, embedded in a compressible dielectric host. The lattice parameter of the wire media can be adjusted within a 3-fold range (from 10 to 30 mm), resulting in extraordinary electromagnetic tunability. Furthermore, the resonator response demonstrates an extreme sensitivity to mechanical deformation as resonance hierarchy in metamaterial assembly strongly depends on the lattice constant. Specifically, a 0.3 mm change in the lattice constant, being as small as ∼0.002λ, shifts the Fabry-Perot resonance frequency range by 1.7–1.8 GHz. Due to their exceptional responsiveness, deformable electromagnetic metamaterials can function as adaptive components, enabling new types of wireless communications where the frequency, bandwidth, and signal direction can be dynamically adjusted in real-time to accommodate varying environmental conditions and user demands.
{"title":"Deformable time-modulated wire media resonators","authors":"Mykola Khobzei , Vladyslav Tkach , Dmytro Vovchuk , Anna Mikhailovskaya , Serhii Haliuk , Andrii Samila , Jurgis Porins , Toms Salgals , Vjaceslavs Bobrovs , Pavel Ginzburg","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temporal degrees of freedom open new capabilities to control electromagnetic interactions with structured media. While rapid changes in effective material susceptibilities, comparable to the carrier oscillation period, suggest emerging new peculiar phenomena, experimental realizations lag theoretical predictions. However, effects inspired by slow, practically realizable parametric changes in effective media possess both fundamental interest and immediate practical applications. Here we perform comprehensive studies of modal hierarchy in a deformable Fabry-Perot resonator, constructed from a wire array, embedded in a compressible dielectric host. The lattice parameter of the wire media can be adjusted within a 3-fold range (from 10 to 30 mm), resulting in extraordinary electromagnetic tunability. Furthermore, the resonator response demonstrates an extreme sensitivity to mechanical deformation as resonance hierarchy in metamaterial assembly strongly depends on the lattice constant. Specifically, a 0.3 mm change in the lattice constant, being as small as ∼0.002<em>λ</em>, shifts the Fabry-Perot resonance frequency range by 1.7–1.8 GHz. Due to their exceptional responsiveness, deformable electromagnetic metamaterials can function as adaptive components, enabling new types of wireless communications where the frequency, bandwidth, and signal direction can be dynamically adjusted in real-time to accommodate varying environmental conditions and user demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101355
Oscar D.H. Pardo , R.R. Rey-González
The design and development of new photonic devices for technological applications require a deep understanding of the effects of structural properties on the resulting band gap size and its position. In this study, we perform a theoretical analysis of the behavior of photonic band gap sizes, positions, and percentages under variations of the parameters characterizing binary (two materials), ternary (three materials), and linear continuum dielectric function multilayer structures. The resulting band gap atlas shows that binary systems may suffice for most applications, but ternary systems can provide additional design flexibility if needed. Linear continuum dielectric function systems exhibit a regular pattern for all gaps studied, and this regularity is reproduced with only a few materials involved. The positions of the gaps demonstrate a very monotonous behavior across all calculations performed. Finally, we propose additional extensions of formulas commonly used in the design of Bragg mirrors/reflectors using binary materials, discussing their corresponding limitations. These results can be seen as a technological horizon for the development of photonic devices.
{"title":"Photonic band gap atlas, formula extension, and design applications in 1D photonic crystals","authors":"Oscar D.H. Pardo , R.R. Rey-González","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design and development of new photonic devices for technological applications require a deep understanding of the effects of structural properties on the resulting band gap size and its position. In this study, we perform a theoretical analysis of the behavior of photonic band gap sizes, positions, and percentages under variations of the parameters characterizing binary (two materials), ternary (three materials), and linear continuum dielectric function multilayer structures. The resulting band gap atlas shows that binary systems may suffice for most applications, but ternary systems can provide additional design flexibility if needed. Linear continuum dielectric function systems exhibit a regular pattern for all gaps studied, and this regularity is reproduced with only a few materials involved. The positions of the gaps demonstrate a very monotonous behavior across all calculations performed. Finally, we propose additional extensions of formulas commonly used in the design of Bragg mirrors/reflectors using binary materials, discussing their corresponding limitations. These results can be seen as a technological horizon for the development of photonic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The realization of colorful effects based on inorganic electrochromic materials has always been a focus of research in the field of electrochromism. In recent years, colorful electrochromic devices based on Fabry-Perot cavity have received a lot of attention. This article uses three metals (chromium, copper and tungsten) and tungsten trioxide to form Fabry-Perot cavity, and tests these electrochromic devices (ECDs). The results show that Fabry-Perot cavity electrochromic devices based on these three metals can achieve colorful effects, among which ECD using tungsten as reflector has the best performance, with an optical modulation range of reflectivity of 27.67 %. The CIE color coordinates change from (0.235, 0.300) to (0.241, 0.181), and the response times for coloring and bleaching are 4.0 s and 6.1 s, respectively. ECD using chromium as reflector is similar to ECD using tungsten as reflector in reflectance spectra, ECD using copper as reflector has a fast response speed but performs poorly in terms of cycle life. By comparing the differences in device performance caused by three types of metal reflective layers, we believe that metals with strong reflection, good conductivity, and chemical stability can perform better in such electrochromic device.
{"title":"Fabry-Perot cavity colorful reflective electrochromic device based on metal and tungsten trioxide","authors":"Chenxiao Guo, Muyun Li, Honglong Ning, Guoping Su, Zhihao Liang, Bocheng Jiang, Yuxiang Liu, Shitao Xu, Rihui Yao, Junbiao Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The realization of colorful effects based on inorganic electrochromic materials has always been a focus of research in the field of electrochromism. In recent years, colorful electrochromic devices based on Fabry-Perot cavity have received a lot of attention. This article uses three metals (chromium, copper and tungsten) and tungsten trioxide to form Fabry-Perot cavity, and tests these electrochromic devices (ECDs). The results show that Fabry-Perot cavity electrochromic devices based on these three metals can achieve colorful effects, among which ECD using tungsten as reflector has the best performance, with an optical modulation range of reflectivity of 27.67 %. The CIE color coordinates change from (0.235, 0.300) to (0.241, 0.181), and the response times for coloring and bleaching are 4.0 s and 6.1 s, respectively. ECD using chromium as reflector is similar to ECD using tungsten as reflector in reflectance spectra, ECD using copper as reflector has a fast response speed but performs poorly in terms of cycle life. By comparing the differences in device performance caused by three types of metal reflective layers, we believe that metals with strong reflection, good conductivity, and chemical stability can perform better in such electrochromic device.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research proposes a novel design approach, including introducing a perforation inside the Tamm plasmon structure on the optical fiber tip. First, the proposed structure's reflection spectrum and an assessment of its sensitivity to variations in the refractive index of the surrounding environment were investigated. Subsequently, an examination was conducted to assess the impact of other structural characteristics on the sensor's sensitivity. The simulation results demonstrated that the structure exhibits suitable sensitivity to the refractive index of the surrounding environment.
{"title":"Refractive index measurement using Tamm plasmon resonance on fiber tip","authors":"Soodabeh Nouri Jouybari, Mahdi Gholipour Asl, Seyed Majid Mousavi","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research proposes a novel design approach, including introducing a perforation inside the Tamm plasmon structure on the optical fiber tip. First, the proposed structure's reflection spectrum and an assessment of its sensitivity to variations in the refractive index of the surrounding environment were investigated. Subsequently, an examination was conducted to assess the impact of other structural characteristics on the sensor's sensitivity. The simulation results demonstrated that the structure exhibits suitable sensitivity to the refractive index of the surrounding environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101366
Wankun Gao, Fang Chen , Wenxing Yang
In this paper, tunable plasmon induced transparency-like (PIT-like) effect based on a borophene-based metamaterial structure is numerically investigated. The unit cell of the metamaterial is comprised of two borophene strips and a central borophene rectangle, both substructures can excite in-plane bright modes. We also discussed the influence of geometric parameters and external refractive index on PIT-like spectral lines. By adjusting the electron density of borophene, the PIT-like peak can be dynamically tuned. Particularly, by tuning the difference in electron densities between the two substructures, the width of the PIT-like window can be effectively modulated, and high-performance optical switching with modulation depth of is achieved. Furthermore, the proposed borophene plane metamaterial structure exhibits excellent significant slow light effect, a maximum group delay of is achieved, and it also demonstrates prominent sensing performance, the maximum refractive index sensitivity of and FOM of about are achieved. The results of this research have potential applications in optical switches, modulators, and slow-light devices.
{"title":"Modulator and sensor based on in-plane mode weak coupling in borophene metamaterial","authors":"Wankun Gao, Fang Chen , Wenxing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, tunable plasmon induced transparency-like (PIT-like) effect based on a borophene-based metamaterial structure is numerically investigated. The unit cell of the metamaterial is comprised of two borophene strips and a central borophene rectangle, both substructures can excite in-plane bright modes. We also discussed the influence of geometric parameters and external refractive index on PIT-like spectral lines. By adjusting the electron density of borophene, the PIT-like peak can be dynamically tuned. Particularly, by tuning the difference in electron densities between the two substructures, the width of the PIT-like window can be effectively modulated, and high-performance optical switching with modulation depth of <span><math><mrow><mn>85.1</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> is achieved. Furthermore, the proposed borophene plane metamaterial structure exhibits excellent significant slow light effect, a maximum group delay of <span><math><mrow><mn>18.31</mn><mi>f</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></math></span>is achieved, and it also demonstrates prominent sensing performance, the maximum refractive index sensitivity of <span><math><mrow><mn>56.47</mn><mspace></mspace><mspace></mspace><mi>T</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>z</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>U</mi></mrow></math></span> and FOM of about <span><math><mrow><mn>51.29</mn><mspace></mspace><mspace></mspace><mi>R</mi><mi>I</mi><msup><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>are achieved. The results of this research have potential applications in optical switches, modulators, and slow-light devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101356
Victor Dmitriev , Cristiano Oliveira , Gildenilson Duarte
The anisotropic properties of monolayer black phosphorus (BP) allow the creation of plasmonic devices with directional-dependent properties. In this work, we propose an electromagnetic component based on BP for the THz and infrared regions, which is independent of polarization. The proposed device presents a periodic structure with a unit cell that consists of two square coupled BP layers with a thin dielectric sheet of h-BN between them. The two squares are rotated by 90∘ with respect to each other. Such a structure provides a transmittance curve with one dipole resonant frequency regardless of the incident wave polarization. It is also characterized by a low dependence on the angle of incidence. The results are obtained by finite-element electromagnetic simulations and temporal coupled-mode theory. The suggested BP metasurface can be used as a dynamically tunable filter, switch, modulator, and sensor at frequencies much higher than those of the corresponding graphene structures.
{"title":"Planar infrared double-layer black phosphorus tunable filter independent of polarization and with low angle of incidence dependence","authors":"Victor Dmitriev , Cristiano Oliveira , Gildenilson Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anisotropic properties of monolayer black phosphorus (BP) allow the creation of plasmonic devices with directional-dependent properties. In this work, we propose an electromagnetic component based on BP for the THz and infrared regions, which is independent of polarization. The proposed device presents a periodic structure with a unit cell that consists of two square coupled BP layers with a thin dielectric sheet of h-BN between them. The two squares are rotated by 90<sup>∘</sup> with respect to each other. Such a structure provides a transmittance curve with one dipole resonant frequency regardless of the incident wave polarization. It is also characterized by a low dependence on the angle of incidence. The results are obtained by finite-element electromagnetic simulations and temporal coupled-mode theory. The suggested BP metasurface can be used as a dynamically tunable filter, switch, modulator, and sensor at frequencies much higher than those of the corresponding graphene structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101344
J.A. Parra , A.G. Zhuravlev , D.V. Zhirihin , A.D. Sayanskiy , S.B. Glybovski , J.D. Baena
A multilayer homogenization technique based on a cascade product of three transfer matrices has been proposed for a general artificial medium comprising periodically stacked impedance sheets. This method has been demonstrated to precisely predict the parameters of structures that mimic artificial plasma with different electrical sizes of the unit cell, while the simple Drude plasma model describes well only structures with a unit cell much smaller than the wavelength. Using the multilayer homogenization technique, we have found some effective permeability that is automatically neglected in the conventional Drude plasma approximation which only considers permittivity. It can seriously affect the desired impedance matching with free space above the plasma frequency. To improve the impedance matching, and thus reduce ripples above the plasma frequency, it is necessary to design unit cells with high equivalent self-inductance. According to theoretical and numerical results, we have demonstrated that the replacement of straight strips with zigzag strips of the same width can considerably improve the quality of the impedance matching. This work opens the route to new designs of high-pass filters based on artificial plasmas with flat transmission above the cutoff frequency. A proof-of-concept experiment is shown.
{"title":"Multilayer homogenization and experimental demonstration of artificial plasma matched with free space","authors":"J.A. Parra , A.G. Zhuravlev , D.V. Zhirihin , A.D. Sayanskiy , S.B. Glybovski , J.D. Baena","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A multilayer homogenization technique based on a cascade product of three transfer matrices has been proposed for a general artificial medium comprising periodically stacked impedance sheets. This method has been demonstrated to precisely predict the parameters of structures that mimic artificial plasma with different electrical sizes of the unit cell, while the simple Drude plasma model describes well only structures with a unit cell much smaller than the wavelength. Using the multilayer homogenization technique, we have found some effective permeability that is automatically neglected in the conventional Drude plasma approximation which only considers permittivity. It can seriously affect the desired impedance matching with free space above the plasma frequency. To improve the impedance matching, and thus reduce ripples above the plasma frequency, it is necessary to design unit cells with high equivalent self-inductance. According to theoretical and numerical results, we have demonstrated that the replacement of straight strips with zigzag strips of the same width can considerably improve the quality of the impedance matching. This work opens the route to new designs of high-pass filters based on artificial plasmas with flat transmission above the cutoff frequency. A proof-of-concept experiment is shown.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101359
Nima Ahmadi, Forouhar Farzaneh
Intelligent reflective surfaces using single-bit PIN diodes are studied. The problem of the generation of the grating lobe upon normal incidence is introduced. Two conformal smart surfaces are proposed as possible solutions for mitigation of the grating lobe. Case studies are presented and evaluated for the verification of the proposed approach. Full-wave numerical simulations are performed to show the efficiency of the proposed conformal surface solution.
{"title":"A proposed single-bit planar conformal intelligent reflective surface intended for wireless mm-wave applications","authors":"Nima Ahmadi, Forouhar Farzaneh","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intelligent reflective surfaces using single-bit PIN diodes are studied. The problem of the generation of the grating lobe upon normal incidence is introduced. Two conformal smart surfaces are proposed as possible solutions for mitigation of the grating lobe. Case studies are presented and evaluated for the verification of the proposed approach. Full-wave numerical simulations are performed to show the efficiency of the proposed conformal surface solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to limitations in computational resources, researchers often bypass the validation of simulation results when investigating large metalenses, especially those significantly larger than the operational wavelength. Typically, they might directly employ simulate-derived units or perform preliminary validation using smaller-scale metalenses before advancing to full-scale experiments. To address this challenge, we propose a method to accelerate the near-field data acquisition phase, which is often the most time-consuming. This involves constructing two-dimensional near-field data by symmetrically expanding a one-dimensional metalens in a circular pattern. Our findings show that this approach can achieve a speedup of over 100 times, with potential for even greater efficiency as metalens size increases. Additionally, this technique is applicable to the computation of multi-level diffraction lenses. In the future, our method is expected to provide researchers with more accurate data for guiding experimental designs, thereby increasing the likelihood of success.
{"title":"Accelerated near-field data acquisition for designing large metalenses using circular symmetry","authors":"Yanfeng Jiang , Hsin-Han Peng , Kaizhu Liu , Hsiang-Chen Chui","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to limitations in computational resources, researchers often bypass the validation of simulation results when investigating large metalenses, especially those significantly larger than the operational wavelength. Typically, they might directly employ simulate-derived units or perform preliminary validation using smaller-scale metalenses before advancing to full-scale experiments. To address this challenge, we propose a method to accelerate the near-field data acquisition phase, which is often the most time-consuming. This involves constructing two-dimensional near-field data by symmetrically expanding a one-dimensional metalens in a circular pattern. Our findings show that this approach can achieve a speedup of over 100 times, with potential for even greater efficiency as metalens size increases. Additionally, this technique is applicable to the computation of multi-level diffraction lenses. In the future, our method is expected to provide researchers with more accurate data for guiding experimental designs, thereby increasing the likelihood of success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 101364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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