Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases最新文献_第4页

Sex-specific association of weight-adjusted waist index with mortality in stroke survivors: A national longitudinal cohort study 体重调整后腰围指数与中风幸存者死亡率的性别特异性关联：一项全国纵向队列研究。

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.013

Fei Liu , Jiarui Chen , Ying Yao , Reng Ren , Yue Yu , Yinghong Hu

Background and aims

The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel indicator of obesity, and its association with mortality in stroke patients remains unknown. We aimed to explore these associations through a national longitudinal cohort study.

Methods and results

We included stroke survivors from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 who were followed up until December 31, 2019. The study outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in stroke patients. A total of 1427 stroke patients were enrolled, and after a median follow-up duration of 83 months, 624 stroke patients died, including 251 from CVD. Kaplan‒Meier survival analyses indicated that WWI was significantly associated with the probability of survival over time in stroke patients (log-rank tests, both p < 0.0001). After adjusting for confounders, WWI was significantly and positively associated with all-cause and CVD mortality after stroke. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed that WWI was linearly associated with all-cause mortality and nonlinearly associated with CVD mortality. Stratified analyses suggested that sex significantly influenced the effect of WWI on all-cause mortality in stroke patients. Additional body mass index (BMI) adjustments did not significantly change the results.

Conclusion

WWI was positively associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in stroke patients, independent of BMI. These effects were present only in men. These findings suggest that WWI is an independent prognostic factor in stroke patients and that maintaining appropriate WWI values can help improve the prognosis of stroke survivors.

背景和目的：体重调整腰围指数（WWI）是一项新的肥胖指标，其与中风患者死亡率的关系尚不清楚。我们旨在通过一项全国纵向队列研究来探讨这些关联：我们纳入了 1999-2018 年美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）中的中风幸存者，对他们进行了随访，直至 2019 年 12 月 31 日。研究结果为中风患者的全因死亡率和心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率。共有 1427 名中风患者入选，经过中位 83 个月的随访，624 名中风患者死亡，其中 251 人死于心血管疾病。卡普兰-梅耶生存分析表明，WWI 与中风患者的存活概率有显著相关性（对数秩检验，均为 p 结论：WWI 与中风患者的全部死亡率呈正相关：WWI与中风患者的全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率呈正相关，与体重指数无关。这些影响仅存在于男性中。这些研究结果表明，WWI 是脑卒中患者的一个独立预后因素，保持适当的 WWI 值有助于改善脑卒中幸存者的预后。

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引用次数: 0

Sugar-sweetened beverages, low/no-calorie beverages, fruit juices intake and risks of metabolic syndrome in adults: The SWEET project 成人含糖饮料、低热量/无热量饮料、果汁的摄入量与代谢综合征的风险：SWEET 项目。

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.014

Novita D. Naomi , Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma , Marion E.C. Buso , Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu , Christina Mavrogianni , Joanne A. Harrold , Jason C.G. Halford , Anne Raben , Johanna M. Geleijnse , Yannis Manios , Edith J.M. Feskens

Background and aims

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important determinant of cardiometabolic disease development, with excessive sugar intake as one of the key modifiable risk factors. However, evidence on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), their replacement by low/no caloric beverages (LNCB), and MetS development is still limited.

Methods and results

Data from participants’ of Lifelines (n = 58 220), NQPlus (n = 1094) and Feel4Diabetes (n = 342) were prospectively analysed. Dose-response associations were investigated using restricted cubic spline analyses (Lifelines). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with robust variance was used to quantify associations between intakes of SSB, fruit juices (FJ) and LNCB and MetS incidence; data were pooled using random-effects models. Associations were adjusted for demographic, lifestyle and other dietary factors. In Lifelines, NQPlus, and Feel4Diabetes, 3853 (7 %), 47 (4 %), and 39 (11 %) participants developed MetS, respectively. Pooled analyses showed that each additional serving of SSB was associated with a 6 % higher risk of MetS (95%CI 1.02–1.10). A J-shaped association was observed for FJ and MetS, with a significant inverse association at moderate intake levels (IPR 0.89, 95 % CI 0.82–0.96). LNCB intake was not associated with MetS (IPR 1.59, 95%CI 0.74–2.43), but findings across studies were inconsistent (I² 94 %, p-value <0.01). Replacing SSB with FJ or LNCB did not show any associations with MetS incidence.

Conclusion

SSB intake was adversely associated with MetS incidence. A J-shaped association was observed between FJ and MetS. For LNCB, results were inconsistent across studies and therefore findings must be interpreted cautiously.

背景和目的：代谢综合征（MetS）是心血管代谢疾病发展的重要决定因素，而过量摄入糖是可改变的关键风险因素之一。然而，关于含糖饮料（SSB）、用低热量/无热量饮料（LNCB）替代含糖饮料与代谢综合征发展之间的关系的证据仍然有限：前瞻性地分析了 Lifelines（n = 58 220）、NQPlus（n = 1094）和 Feel4Diabetes（n = 342）参与者的数据。使用限制性立方样条分析（Lifelines）研究剂量-反应关系。采用稳健方差的 Cox 比例危险回归分析来量化 SSB、果汁 (FJ) 和 LNCB 的摄入量与 MetS 发病率之间的关联；采用随机效应模型对数据进行汇总。相关性已根据人口统计学、生活方式和其他饮食因素进行了调整。在 Lifelines、NQPlus 和 Feel4Diabetes 中，分别有 3853 人（7%）、47 人（4%）和 39 人（11%）患上 MetS。汇总分析表明，每增加一份 SSB，MetS 风险就会增加 6%（95%CI 1.02-1.10）。FJ与MetS呈 "J "形关联，在中等摄入水平时，两者呈显著的反向关联（IPR 0.89，95% CI 0.82-0.96）。LNCB 摄入量与 MetS 无关（IPR 1.59，95%CI 0.74-2.43），但各研究结果不一致（I2 94%，P 值结论：SSB的摄入量与MetS的发病率呈负相关。FJ与MetS之间呈 "J "形关系。对于 LNCB，各研究的结果不一致，因此必须谨慎解释研究结果。

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引用次数: 0

Dental caries and adolescent cardiometabolic health from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 全国健康与营养调查（NHANES）中的龋齿与青少年心脏代谢健康。

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.006

Kristal Wong , Srighana Nadella , Mel Mupparapu , Christine Sethna

Background and aims

To assess the association between dental caries and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents.

Methods and results

The analysis included adolescents aged 13–17 years enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018 who completed an Oral Health Examination. Untreated caries was defined as having one or more decayed teeth. Caries experience was assessed by Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) score. Primary cardiometabolic outcomes included elevated BP (defined as BP 120–129/<80 mmHg) and hypertensive BP (defined as BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg). Secondary cardiometabolic outcomes included obesity, dyslipidemia (defined as any abnormal lipid level), glucose intolerance (measured by HOMA-IR), and microalbuminuria (defined as urine albumin: creatinine ≥30 mg/mg). Adjusted linear and logistic models examined associations using complex survey design procedures.

In the sample of 2861 adolescents, 25.6 % (1.3 %) had untreated caries. 55.4 % (1.3 %) had DMFT ≥1. In adjusted regression analyses, untreated caries status was not significantly associated with primary outcomes of elevated BP (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI 0.71, 1.52 p > 0.05), hypertensive BP (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI 0.71, 3.89 p > 0.05), nor secondary cardiometabolic outcomes. No statistically significant associations were found between DMFT score and primary outcomes of elevated BP (OR = 0.01, 95 % CI 0.34, 1.07 p > 0.05), hypertensive BP (OR = 0.91, 95 % CI 0.81, 1.08 p > 0.05), or secondary cardiometabolic outcomes.

Conclusion

Although studies in other countries and in adults show associations between caries and cardiometabolic outcomes, this study did not find an association between caries and cardiometabolic markers.

背景与目的评估青少年龋齿与心脏代谢风险之间的关联：分析对象包括2011年至2018年参加美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）并完成口腔健康检查的13-17岁青少年。未经治疗的龋齿被定义为有一颗或多颗蛀牙。龋齿情况通过蛀牙、缺失牙、填充牙（DMFT）评分进行评估。主要心脏代谢结果包括血压升高（定义为血压 120-129/ 0.05）、高血压（OR = 1.72，95 % CI 0.71，3.89 p > 0.05）或继发性心脏代谢结果。DMFT 评分与血压升高（OR = 0.01，95 % CI 0.34，1.07 p > 0.05）、高血压（OR = 0.91，95 % CI 0.81，1.08 p > 0.05）或继发性心脏代谢结果等主要结果之间没有统计学意义：尽管其他国家和成人的研究显示龋齿与心脏代谢结果之间存在关联，但本研究并未发现龋齿与心脏代谢指标之间存在关联。

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引用次数: 0

The added value of an AI-based body composition analysis in a lung cancer screening population: preliminary results 基于人工智能的身体成分分析在肺癌筛查人群中的附加值：初步结果

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.013

Roberta Eufrasia Ledda , Federica Sabia , Camilla Valsecchi , Paola Suatoni , Gianluca Milanese , Luigi Rolli , Alfonso Vittorio Marchianò , Ugo Pastorino

Background and aims

Body composition has been linked with clinical and prognostic outcomes in patients with cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Body composition analysis in lung cancer screening (LCS) is very limited. This study aimed at assessing the association of subcutaneous fat volume (SFV) and subcutaneous fat density (SFD), measured on chest ultra-low dose computed tomography (ultra-LDCT) images by a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based software, with clinical and anthropometric characteristics in a LCS population.

Methods and results

Demographic, clinical, and dietary data were obtained from the written questionnaire completed by each participant at the first visit, when anthropometric measurements, blood sample collection and chest ultra-LDCT were performed. Images were analyzed for automated 3D segmentation of subcutaneous fat and muscle.

The analysis included 938 volunteers (372 females); men with a smoking history of ≥40 pack-years had higher SFV (p = 0.0009), while former smokers had lower SFD (p = 0.0019). In female participants, SFV and SFD differed significantly according to age. SFV increased with rising BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and CRP levels ≥2 mg/L (p < 0.0001), whereas SFD decreased with rising BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and CRP levels ≥2 mg/L (p < 0.001) in both sexes. SFV was associated with glycemia and triglycerides levels (p = 0.0067 and p=<0.0001 in males, p = 0.0074 and p < 0.0001 in females, respectively), while SFD with triglycerides levels (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

We observed different associations of SFV and SFD with age and smoking history between men and women, whereas the association with anthropometric data, CRP, glycemia and triglycerides levels was similar in the two sexes.

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引用次数: 0

Associations of plasma arginine, homoarginine, and ADMA/SDMA levels with risk of ischemic stroke: A nested case-control study 血浆精氨酸、同精氨酸和 ADMA/SDMA 水平与缺血性中风风险的关系：巢式病例对照研究

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.005

Yingjun Mu , Yiqing Wang , Shujie Wang , Xinyi Zhang , Shujun Gu , Hui Zuo

Background and aims

Previous studies have linked aberrant nitric oxide (NO) metabolism with vascular diseases. Although arginine, homoarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are involved in NO metabolic pathways, their associations with ischemic stroke (IS) remain unclear.

Methods and results

We conducted a case-control study nested within the Prospective Follow-up Study on Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in China (PFS-CMMC) (2013–2018, n = 16,457; median follow-up time: 5.3 y), which included 321 incident cases of IS and 321 controls matched by age and sex. Plasma arginine, homoarginine, ADMA/SDMA were measured by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the plasma metabolites and IS risk.

After adjustment for body mass index, educational attainment, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and family history of stroke, the OR of IS risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile was 2.46 (95% CI: 1.39–4.35, P trend = 0.004) for homoarginine and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.24–3.97, P trend = 0.003) for ADMA/SDMA. Spline regression analyses indicated positive dose-response relationships of homoarginine and ADMA/SDMA with the IS risk (both P for linearity <0.05). No significant association was observed between plasma arginine and IS risk.

Conclusions

Elevated plasma levels of homoarginine and ADMA/SDMA were associated with a higher risk of IS. Our novel findings suggest a role of NO metabolism in the pathogenesis of IS.

以往的研究表明，一氧化氮（NO）代谢异常与血管疾病有关。虽然精氨酸、高精氨酸、不对称二甲基精氨酸（ADMA）和对称二甲基精氨酸（SDMA）参与了一氧化氮的代谢途径，但它们与缺血性脑卒中（IS）的关系仍不清楚。我们在中国心血管病发病率和死亡率前瞻性随访研究（PFS-CMMC）（2013-2018 年，n = 16,457; 中位随访时间：5.3 年）中嵌套了一项病例对照研究，其中包括 321 例 IS 发病病例和 321 例年龄和性别匹配的对照病例。血浆精氨酸、高精氨酸、ADMA/SDMA 采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行测定。条件逻辑回归分析用于计算血浆代谢物与 IS 风险之间的几率比（ORs）及其 95% 置信区间（CIs）。高精氨酸和 ADMA/SDMA 的血浆水平升高与较高的 IS 风险相关。我们的新发现表明，氮氧化物代谢在IS的发病机制中起着重要作用。

{"title":"Associations of plasma arginine, homoarginine, and ADMA/SDMA levels with risk of ischemic stroke: A nested case-control study","authors":"Yingjun Mu , Yiqing Wang , Shujie Wang , Xinyi Zhang , Shujun Gu , Hui Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Previous studies have linked aberrant nitric oxide (NO) metabolism with vascular diseases. Although arginine, homoarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are involved in NO metabolic pathways, their associations with ischemic stroke (IS) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We conducted a case-control study nested within the Prospective Follow-up Study on Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in China (PFS-CMMC) (2013–2018, n = 16,457; median follow-up time: 5.3 y), which included 321 incident cases of IS and 321 controls matched by age and sex. Plasma arginine, homoarginine, ADMA/SDMA were measured by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the plasma metabolites and IS risk.</div><div>After adjustment for body mass index, educational attainment, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and family history of stroke, the OR of IS risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile was 2.46 (95% CI: 1.39–4.35, <em>P</em> trend = 0.004) for homoarginine and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.24–3.97, <em>P</em> trend = 0.003) for ADMA/SDMA. Spline regression analyses indicated positive dose-response relationships of homoarginine and ADMA/SDMA with the IS risk (both <em>P</em> for linearity <0.05). No significant association was observed between plasma arginine and IS risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Elevated plasma levels of homoarginine and ADMA/SDMA were associated with a higher risk of IS. Our novel findings suggest a role of NO metabolism in the pathogenesis of IS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Basal and post-stress ceramide-based risk score CERT1 predicts all-cause mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with suspected or established coronary artery disease undergoing stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy 基于神经酰胺的基础和应激后风险评分 CERT1 可预测接受应激心肌灌注闪烁成像检查的疑似或已确诊冠心病患者的全因死亡率和非致命性心肌梗死。

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.005

Alessandro Mantovani , Agustin E. Molinero , Stefano Bonapace , Gianluigi Lunardi , Matteo Salgarello , Riccardo Morandin , Francesca Moretta , Antonio Conti , Giulio Molon , Reijo Laaksonen , Christopher D. Byrne , Giovanni Targher

Background and aim

We examined whether a plasma ceramide-based risk score (CERT1 score), a newly proposed tool for cardiovascular risk prediction, is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods and results

We studied 167 ambulatory patients who consecutively underwent stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) for clinical reasons in 2017 (at baseline) and then followed for a median of 6 years (inter-quartile range: 4.7–6.6 years). For the calculation of the CERT1 score, both before and after stress MPS, we measured three specific plasma ceramide concentrations [Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1)] and their ratio to Cer(d18:1/24:0) using a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. The primary outcome of the study was a composite of all-cause mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction. During a median of 6 years, a total of 50 events occurred (26 all-cause deaths and 24 nonfatal myocardial infarctions). There was a significant association between pre-stress CERT1 risk categories (high vs. low risk) at baseline and the risk of developing the primary composite outcome (unadjusted HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.02–3.14). This risk remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, diabetes, pre-existing CAD, left ventricular ejection fraction, and stress-induced inducible myocardial ischemia on MPS (adjusted HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.17–4.41, p = 0.015). Almost identical results were observed for post-stress CERT1 risk categories.

Conclusions

Pre-stress and post-stress CERT1 high-risk categories at baseline were strongly associated with an increased long-term risk of all-cause mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with suspected or established CAD.

背景和目的：我们研究了基于血浆神经酰胺的风险评分（CERT1评分）--一种新提出的心血管风险预测工具--是否与疑似或已知冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者全因死亡率和非致死性心肌梗死风险的增加有关：我们对 167 名门诊患者进行了研究，这些患者在 2017 年（基线时）因临床原因连续接受了应激心肌灌注闪烁成像（MPS），然后随访了中位数 6 年（四分位间范围：4.7-6.6 年）。为了计算应激MPS前后的CERT1得分，我们使用靶向液相色谱-串联质谱测定法测量了三种特定的血浆神经酰胺浓度[Cer(d18:1/16:0)、Cer(d18:1/18:0)和Cer(d18:1/24:1)]及其与Cer(d18:1/24:0)的比值。研究的主要结果是全因死亡率或非致死性心肌梗死的综合结果。在中位 6 年的时间里，共发生了 50 起事件（26 起全因死亡和 24 起非致命性心肌梗死）。基线压力前的 CERT1 风险类别（高风险与低风险）与主要复合结果的发生风险之间存在明显关联（未调整 HR 1.78，95% CI 1.02-3.14）。在对年龄、性别、吸烟、糖尿病、原有 CAD、左心室射血分数和 MPS 压力诱导性心肌缺血进行调整后，该风险仍然显著（调整后 HR 2.28，95% CI 1.17-4.41，p = 0.015）。应激后CERT1风险类别的结果几乎相同：结论：在疑似或已确诊为 CAD 的患者中，压力前和压力后的基线 CERT1 高风险类别与全因死亡率或非致死性心肌梗死的长期风险增加密切相关。

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引用次数: 0

Associations of smoking status with carotid atherosclerosis: Mediated role of blood indexes and blood pressure 吸烟状况与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系：血液指数和血压的中介作用

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.003

Wenzhen Li , Dajie Chen , Samuel Yeung-shan Wong , Mei-Po Kwan , Lap Ah Tse

Background and aims

We aimed to assess the relationship between smoking status and carotid atherosclerosis (CA) with different manifestations and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods and results

A total of 60,655 middle-aged and elderly participants were recruited. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of smoking, various blood indexes [i.e., blood pressure, blood lipid, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and homocysteine (Hcy)] with CA in different manifestations including carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), plaques, and stenosis. Compared with nonsmokers, current smokers were associated with a higher prevalence of CA (OR = 3.48, 95%CI: 3.21–3.77) and its specific manifestations including cIMT (OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 2.42–2.93), plaques (OR = 3.67, 95%CI: 3.35–4.02) and stenosis (OR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.64–2.54), after adjusting for potential confounders. Former smokers were also associated with an increased prevalence of CA (OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.54–2.14), cIMT (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.14–1.69), plaques (OR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.71–2.44) and stenosis (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.18–2.51), but the associations were consistently weaker than that of the current smokers. The prevalence of CA, cIMT, plaques and stenosis among current smokers was positively associated with pack-years of cigarette smoking, partially mediated by SBP, HbA1c, TG, HDL-C and Hcy with a mediated proportion of 1.12%, 3.28%, 6.33%, 6.01% and 12.7%, respectively. Stratified analysis by sex showed a significantly higher CA among the current male smokers than females.

Conclusions

Current and former smoking was associated with increased carotid atherosclerosis, predominantly by current male smokers. A positive gradient between pack-years and carotid atherosclerosis among current smokers is partially mediated by SBP, HbA1c, TG, HDL-C and Hcy.

我们的目的是评估吸烟状况与不同表现形式的颈动脉粥样硬化（CA）之间的关系，并探讨其潜在机制。我们共招募了 60,655 名中老年参与者。采用逻辑回归模型研究了吸烟、各种血液指标（即血压、血脂、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和同型半胱氨酸（Hcy））与不同表现形式的颈动脉粥样硬化的关系，包括颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）、斑块和狭窄。与非吸烟者相比，在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，当前吸烟者的 CA 患病率更高（OR = 3.48，95%CI：3.21-3.77），其具体表现包括 cIMT（OR = 2.66，95%CI：2.42-2.93）、斑块（OR = 3.67，95%CI：3.35-4.02）和狭窄（OR = 2.04，95%CI：1.64-2.54）。曾经吸烟者也与 CA（OR = 1.82，95%CI：1.54-2.14）、cIMT（OR = 1.39，95%CI：1.14-1.69）、斑块（OR = 2.04，95%CI：1.71-2.44）和狭窄（OR = 1.72，95%CI：1.18-2.51）患病率增加有关，但相关性始终弱于目前吸烟者。当前吸烟者的CA、cIMT、斑块和狭窄患病率与吸烟包年呈正相关，部分受SBP、HbA1c、TG、HDL-C和Hcy介导，介导比例分别为1.12%、3.28%、6.33%、6.01%和12.7%。按性别进行的分层分析表明，男性吸烟者的 CA 明显高于女性。目前和曾经吸烟与颈动脉粥样硬化的增加有关，目前吸烟的男性居多。当前吸烟者的吸烟包年与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的正梯度部分由 SBP、HbA1c、TG、HDL-C 和 Hcy 介导。

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引用次数: 0

Hypertension induced by peri-pubertal protein restriction depends on renin-angiotensin system dysfunction in adult male rats 围青春期蛋白质限制诱发的高血压取决于成年雄性大鼠肾素-血管紧张素系统的功能障碍。

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.003

Anna Rebeka Oliveira Ferreira , Maiara Vanusa Guedes Ribeiro , Maria Natalia Chimirri Peres , Gabriel Kian Guimarães Lopes , Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra , Silvano Piovan , Leticia Ferreira Barbosa , Scarllet Rodrigues Raposo , Douglas Lopes Almeida , Ananda Malta , Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira , Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias , Kesia Palma-Rigo

Background and aims

Hypertension depends on renin-angiotensin system dysfunction; however, little is known about its implications in the outcomes of neurogenic hypertension induced by peri-pubertal insults. This study aimed to evaluate whether hypertension induced by a peri-pubertal low-protein diet is related to renin-angiotensin system dysfunction in adult male Wistar rats.

Methods and results

Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were fed a low-protein diet (4 % casein) for 30 days and subsequently fed a 20.5 % normal protein diet for a 60-day dietary recovery (LP group). Control animals (NP group) were fed a 20.5 % protein diet throughout their lives. Cardiovascular and renin–angiotensin system functions were evaluated on postnatal day 120 (6–24 animals per group). Statistical analyses were performed using the Student's t-test. Animals with LP show increased arterial blood pressure. The angiotensin 2 dose-response curve of LP animals showed an increase in the pressor response at a lower dose (50 ng/kg) and a reduction in the pressor response at a higher dose (400 ng/kg) compared with NP animals. Angiotensin 2 type 1 receptor mRNA levels were increased in the hearts of LP animals; however, angiotensin 2 type 2 receptor and MAS receptor mRNA levels were reduced. In the aorta, AT1 and AT2 mRNA levels were increased in LP animals, whereas MAS receptor mRNA levels were decreased in comparison to NP animals.

Conclusion

The renin-angiotensin system is disrupted in hypertension induced by protein restriction exposure during peri-pubertal life.

背景和目的：高血压取决于肾素-血管紧张素系统功能障碍；然而，人们对其在围青春期损伤诱发的神经源性高血压结果中的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估围青春期低蛋白饮食诱发的高血压是否与成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠肾素-血管紧张素系统功能障碍有关：给30天大的雄性Wistar大鼠喂食低蛋白饮食（4%酪蛋白）30天，然后喂食20.5%的正常蛋白饮食，饮食恢复期为60天（LP组）。对照组动物（NP 组）终生食用 20.5 % 蛋白质食物。在出生后第 120 天对心血管和肾素-血管紧张素系统功能进行评估（每组 6-24 只动物）。统计分析采用学生 t 检验。患有 LP 的动物动脉血压升高。与NP动物相比，LP动物的血管紧张素2剂量反应曲线显示，在较低剂量（50纳克/千克）时，加压反应增强，而在较高剂量（400纳克/千克）时，加压反应减弱。LP 动物心脏中血管紧张素 2 1 型受体 mRNA 水平升高，但血管紧张素 2 2 型受体和 MAS 受体 mRNA 水平降低。与 NP 动物相比，LP 动物主动脉中 AT1 和 AT2 mRNA 水平升高，而 MAS 受体 mRNA 水平降低：结论：在围青春期接触蛋白质限制诱发的高血压中，肾素-血管紧张素系统受到破坏。

{"title":"Hypertension induced by peri-pubertal protein restriction depends on renin-angiotensin system dysfunction in adult male rats","authors":"Anna Rebeka Oliveira Ferreira , Maiara Vanusa Guedes Ribeiro , Maria Natalia Chimirri Peres , Gabriel Kian Guimarães Lopes , Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra , Silvano Piovan , Leticia Ferreira Barbosa , Scarllet Rodrigues Raposo , Douglas Lopes Almeida , Ananda Malta , Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira , Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias , Kesia Palma-Rigo","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Hypertension depends on renin-angiotensin system dysfunction; however, little is known about its implications in the outcomes of neurogenic hypertension induced by peri-pubertal insults. This study aimed to evaluate whether hypertension induced by a peri-pubertal low-protein diet is related to renin-angiotensin system dysfunction in adult male Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were fed a low-protein diet (4 % casein) for 30 days and subsequently fed a 20.5 % normal protein diet for a 60-day dietary recovery (LP group). Control animals (NP group) were fed a 20.5 % protein diet throughout their lives. Cardiovascular and renin–angiotensin system functions were evaluated on postnatal day 120 (6–24 animals per group). Statistical analyses were performed using the Student's t-test. Animals with LP show increased arterial blood pressure. The angiotensin 2 dose-response curve of LP animals showed an increase in the pressor response at a lower dose (50 ng/kg) and a reduction in the pressor response at a higher dose (400 ng/kg) compared with NP animals. Angiotensin 2 type 1 receptor mRNA levels were increased in the hearts of LP animals; however, angiotensin 2 type 2 receptor and MAS receptor mRNA levels were reduced. In the aorta, AT1 and AT2 mRNA levels were increased in LP animals, whereas MAS receptor mRNA levels were decreased in comparison to NP animals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The renin-angiotensin system is disrupted in hypertension induced by protein restriction exposure during peri-pubertal life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103733"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low triiodothyronine is associated with high risk of malnutrition and poor functional status in subacute stroke patients 三碘甲状腺原氨酸低与亚急性脑卒中患者营养不良和功能状况不佳的高风险相关。

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.008

Olivia Di Vincenzo , Ermenegilda Pagano , Mariarosaria Cervone , Lucia Acampora , Monica Dentice , Chiara Francesca Gheri , Fabrizio Pasanisi , Luca Scalfi

Background and aims

Stroke patients may exhibit low thyroid hormone (TH) levels and disease-related malnutrition, both potentially affecting clinical status; their relationships remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate TH concentrations in subacute stroke patients and investigate the relationships between TH levels, nutritional risk, and functional status.

Methods and results

Early subacute stroke patients admitted to a rehabilitation unit were assessed using various nutritional screening tools (Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index-GNRI, Prognostic Nutritional Index-PNI, and Controlling Nutritional Status-CONUT score) and with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), free Tetraiodothyronine-Thyroxine (fT4) and free Triiodothyronine (fT3) levels were determined. Functional and cognitive status was evaluated using different scales. Associations between altered THs and nutritional status were examined through univariate/multivariate analyses and ROC analyses.

Among 264 patients (age 72.0 ± 10.5 yrs), significant correlations emerged between fT3 and nutritional risk and functional tests (mostly p < 0.001). The prevalence of high nutritional risk determined by GNRI, PNI and CONUT increased from higher to lower fT3 tertiles. Lower fT3 levels were observed in patients at high nutritional risk and with GLIM-based malnutrition. fT3 exhibited reasonable predictive power for high nutritional risk (particularly PNI: AUC 0.769, 95%CI 0.702–0.836, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified nutritional risk (p < 0.001) and time from stroke onset as predictors of low fT3 values.

Conclusion

Altered fT3 levels in early subacute stroke patients correlate with high nutritional risk and poor functional status. Low fT3 values upon admission for stroke rehabilitation may serve as a further parameter to be considered in patients at high nutritional risk.

背景和目的：脑卒中患者可能表现出甲状腺激素（TH）水平低和与疾病相关的营养不良，这两种情况都可能影响临床状态；但它们之间的关系仍未得到探讨。本研究旨在评估亚急性脑卒中患者的甲状腺激素浓度，并探讨甲状腺激素水平、营养风险和功能状态之间的关系：使用各种营养筛查工具（老年营养风险指数（Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index-GNRI）、预后营养指数（Prognostic Nutritional Index-PNI）和营养状况控制评分（Controlling Nutritional Status-CONUT score））和全球营养不良领导倡议（GLIM）标准对入住康复科的早期亚急性脑卒中患者进行评估。测定了促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸-甲状腺素（fT4）和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（fT3）水平。使用不同的量表对患者的功能和认知状况进行了评估。通过单变量/多变量分析和 ROC 分析研究了 THs 变化与营养状况之间的关系。在 264 名患者（年龄为 72.0 ± 10.5 岁）中，fT3 与营养风险和功能测试之间存在显著相关性（大部分为 p 结论：fT3 与营养风险和功能测试之间存在显著相关性：早期亚急性脑卒中患者的 fT3 水平变化与营养风险高和功能状态差相关。脑卒中康复入院时的低 fT3 值可作为高营养风险患者的另一个考虑参数。

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引用次数: 0

Secondary prevention and extreme cardiovascular risk evaluation (SEVERE-0): Prevalence of extreme cardiovascular risk in cardiological rehabilitation patients and its impact on functional improvement 二级预防和极端心血管风险评估（SEVERE-0）：心脏康复患者中极端心血管风险的普遍性及其对功能改善的影响

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.006

Chiara Tognola , Rita Cristina Myriam Intravaia , Eleonora Senini , Stefano Pezzoli , Alfonso Riccio , Elena Gualini , Saverio Fabbri , Valentina Bellantonio , Francesco Politi , Marta Campana , Ilaria Fucile , Costantino Mancusi , Enrica Golia , Arturo Cesaro , Nicola De Luca , Paolo Calabrò , Cristina Giannattasio , Alessandro Maloberti

Background and aims

Patients with recent Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) or Chronic Coronary Syndrome (CCS) are all at very high CardioVascular (CV) risk. However, some of them are more likely to experience recurrent cardiovascular events (i.e extreme CV risk). A definition of which patients should be included in this category has been recently proposed by the European Society of Cardiology but data on its prevalence are still lacking, especially in the context of Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR). Furthermore, if this condition had an impact on the CR related functional improvement is not known. Our study has been designed to answer to both these questions.

Methods and results

The study included 938 ACS/CCS patients who attended the CR program at the Niguarda Hospital (Milan). Extreme CV patients were defined as the presence of a previous CV events within 2 years or the presence of peripheral arteriopathy or the presence of a multivessel coronary involvement. Functional improvement was evaluated through 6-Minute Walking Test (6-MWT).

As many as 26.9% of the patients had an extreme CV risk. They were older (67.8 ± 10.4 vs 64.1 ± 11.1 years; p ≤ 0.001), had a higher prevalence of CV risk factors and comorbidities and had a lower functional improvement during CR (102.9 ± 68.6 vs 138.1 ± 86.5 m; p ≤ 0.001). Extreme CV risk present a significant association with the 6-MWT results at multivariate analysis.

Conclusion

Extreme CV risk is a very frequent condition among patients with ACS/CCS reaching the prevalence of 26.9%. Furthermore, being at extreme CV risk adversely affects the patient's functional improvement obtained during CR.

近期患有急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）或慢性冠状动脉综合征（CCS）的患者都有很高的心血管（CV）风险。然而，其中一些患者更有可能再次发生心血管事件（即极度心血管风险）。欧洲心脏病学会最近提出了将哪些患者纳入这一类别的定义，但仍缺乏有关其发病率的数据，尤其是在心脏康复（CR）方面。此外，这种情况是否会影响与 CR 相关的功能改善也不得而知。我们的研究旨在回答这两个问题。这项研究纳入了 938 名参加米兰尼古尔达医院心脏康复项目的 ACS/CCS 患者。极端心血管病患者的定义是：2年内曾发生过心血管事件，或存在外周动脉病变，或存在多支冠状动脉受累。功能改善情况通过 6 分钟步行测试（6-MWT）进行评估。26.9%的患者有极高的冠心病风险。他们的年龄更大（67.8 ± 10.4 岁 vs 64.1 ± 11.1 岁；P ≤ 0.001），有更多的冠心病风险因素和合并症，在 CR 期间的功能改善程度更低（102.9 ± 68.6 米 vs 138.1 ± 86.5 米；P ≤ 0.001）。在多变量分析中，极度心血管风险与 6-MWT 结果有显著关联。极度心血管风险在 ACS/CCS 患者中非常常见，发病率高达 26.9%。此外，极度心血管风险会对患者在 CR 期间获得的功能改善产生不利影响。

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引用次数: 0