Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104471
Zhenzhen Qin , Jie Wu , Qing Ye , Shengxiang Qi , Yijia Chen , Chenchen Wang , Xin Hong
Background and aims
This study explored the link between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and hypertension/prehypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, comparing its predictive accuracy with other adiposity indices.
Methods and results
Data from Nanjing's 2017–2018 chronic disease surveillance was analyzed for individuals over 45, using a generalized linear mixed model and ROC curves to assess the impact of CVAI and other indices. After adjusting for selected covariates, the results showed that, with the lowest group as the reference, the ORs of risk of hypertension were 1.536, 2.088 and 3.391 for CVAI; 1.338, 1.845 and 2.489 for the lipid accumulation product index (LAP); 1.277, 1.465 and 1.935 for the triglyceride glucose index (TyG); 1.396, 2.287, and 3.617 for body mass index (BMI); 1.961 for waist circumference (WC); 1.915 for the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR); and 1.299 for the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), respectively. Similar results were also found in the impact of various obesity variables on prehypertension, respectively. ROC analyses indicated CVAI as the strongest predictor of hypertension and prehypertension compared to other adiposity indices.
Conclusions
CVAI is significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension, surpassing conventional indices in predictive power for these conditions in the studied demographic.
{"title":"Chinese visceral adiposity index as stronger predictor of hypertension and prehypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: A comparative analysis with conventional adiposity indices","authors":"Zhenzhen Qin , Jie Wu , Qing Ye , Shengxiang Qi , Yijia Chen , Chenchen Wang , Xin Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>This study explored the link between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and hypertension/prehypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, comparing its predictive accuracy with other adiposity indices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Data from Nanjing's 2017–2018 chronic disease surveillance was analyzed for individuals over 45, using a generalized linear mixed model and ROC curves to assess the impact of CVAI and other indices. After adjusting for selected covariates, the results showed that, with the lowest group as the reference, the ORs of risk of hypertension were 1.536, 2.088 and 3.391 for CVAI; 1.338, 1.845 and 2.489 for the lipid accumulation product index (LAP); 1.277, 1.465 and 1.935 for the triglyceride glucose index (TyG); 1.396, 2.287, and 3.617 for body mass index (BMI); 1.961 for waist circumference (WC); 1.915 for the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR); and 1.299 for the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), respectively. Similar results were also found in the impact of various obesity variables on prehypertension, respectively. ROC analyses indicated CVAI as the strongest predictor of hypertension and prehypertension compared to other adiposity indices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CVAI is significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension, surpassing conventional indices in predictive power for these conditions in the studied demographic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104418
Ying Li , Huizhong Gan , Guojuan Wang , Yu Gong , Qianqian Zhang , Zhangxiang Zhu , Qibao Ye , Yue Wang
Background and aim
As abnormalities in thyroid hormones affect the metabolism of blood glucose, we aim to explore the relationship between central thyroid hormone sensitivity and glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods and results
For hospitalized patients with T2DM, thyroid hormones (THs) were measured to calculate the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), Thyrotropin Thyroxine Resistance Index (TT4RI) and TSH Index (TSHI). Coefficients of glycemic variation (CV) were monitored by continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs). Independent sample T-test indicated that there was no significant difference in central TH sensitivity between CV ≤ 36 % group and CV>36 % group. Smooth fitting curve and threshold effect analysis indicated that TSHI was negatively correlated with CV before the inflection point of TSHI = 2.428 (β = −2.547, P = 0.0478), while the negative correlation was strengthened after the inflection point (β = −7.512, P = 0.0003); TFQI was negatively correlated with CV before the inflection point of TFQI = 0.334 (β = −2.876, P = 0.0265), while the negative correlation was strengthened after the inflection point (β = −15.864, P < 0.0001). Interaction tests indicated that Sex, Age, BMI, INS-therapy, GLP-1RA-therapy and SGLT-2i-therapy had no differential impacts on the statistical results. Trend test results of multiple regression equations indicated that for per-quartile increase in TFQI, CV decreased by 1.375 correspondingly (β = −1.375,P < 0.00001), for per-SD increase in TFQI, CV decreased by 1.996 correspondingly (β = −1.996,P < 0.00001).
Conclusion
Impaired central sensitivity to THs is associated with reduced glycemic variability in patients with T2DM, which is speculated to be related with the self-regulation of blood glucose fluctuations in our body.
背景与目的：由于甲状腺激素异常影响血糖代谢，我们旨在探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中枢甲状腺激素敏感性与血糖变异性的关系。方法与结果：对住院T2DM患者进行甲状腺激素（THs）测定，计算甲状腺反馈分位数指数（TFQI）、促甲状腺素（TT4RI）、促甲状腺素（TSH）指数（TSHI）。采用连续血糖监测系统（cgm）监测血糖变化系数（CV）。独立样本t检验显示，CV≤36%组与CV> 36%组中心TH敏感性无显著差异。平滑拟合曲线和阈值效应分析表明，在TSHI = 2.428拐点之前，TSHI与CV呈负相关（β = -2.547, P = 0.0478），拐点之后，TSHI与CV的负相关增强（β = -7.512, P = 0.0003）；TFQI在拐点= 0.334前与CV呈负相关（β = -2.876, P = 0.0265），拐点后与CV呈负相关（β = -15.864， P）。结论：tths中枢敏感性降低与T2DM患者血糖变异性降低有关，推测其与机体对血糖波动的自我调节有关。
{"title":"Impaired central sensitivity to thyroid hormone is associated with decreased glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Ying Li , Huizhong Gan , Guojuan Wang , Yu Gong , Qianqian Zhang , Zhangxiang Zhu , Qibao Ye , Yue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>As abnormalities in thyroid hormones affect the metabolism of blood glucose, we aim to explore the relationship between central thyroid hormone sensitivity and glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>For hospitalized patients with T2DM, thyroid hormones (THs) were measured to calculate the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), Thyrotropin Thyroxine Resistance Index (TT4RI) and TSH Index (TSHI). Coefficients of glycemic variation (CV) were monitored by continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs). Independent sample T-test indicated that there was no significant difference in central TH sensitivity between CV ≤ 36 % group and CV>36 % group. Smooth fitting curve and threshold effect analysis indicated that TSHI was negatively correlated with CV before the inflection point of TSHI = 2.428 (β = −2.547, <em>P</em> = 0.0478), while the negative correlation was strengthened after the inflection point (β = −7.512, <em>P</em> = 0.0003); TFQI was negatively correlated with CV before the inflection point of TFQI = 0.334 (β = −2.876, <em>P</em> = 0.0265), while the negative correlation was strengthened after the inflection point (β = −15.864, <em>P</em> < 0.0001). Interaction tests indicated that Sex, Age, BMI, INS-therapy, GLP-1RA-therapy and SGLT-2i-therapy had no differential impacts on the statistical results. Trend test results of multiple regression equations indicated that for per-quartile increase in TFQI, CV decreased by 1.375 correspondingly (β = −1.375,<em>P</em> < 0.00001), for per-SD increase in TFQI, CV decreased by 1.996 correspondingly (β = −1.996,<em>P</em> < 0.00001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Impaired central sensitivity to THs is associated with reduced glycemic variability in patients with T2DM, which is speculated to be related with the self-regulation of blood glucose fluctuations in our body.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104519
Michele Stecchi , Maria Giuseppina Albanese , Elena Nardi , Giulia Simonetti , Chiara Baldo , Miriana Sciatta , Giovanni Vitale , Paolo Pianta , Matteo Ravaioli , Matteo Cescon , Maria Cristina Morelli , Lucia Brodosi
Background and aims
Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is a disordered eating pattern characterized by evening hyperphagia and nocturnal eating episodes. While NES has been extensively studied in obese and psychiatric populations, its presence in liver transplant (LT) recipients remains unexplored. Hence, we aimed to assess NES prevalence in a real-life cohort of LT recipients with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight or obesity.
Methods and results
The Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) was administered to 101 LT recipients attending a nutritional-metabolic outpatient clinic, and clinical data were collected. Inclusion criteria were age >18 years, liver transplantation, and presence of type 2 diabetes and/or BMI >25 kg/m2. Patients with recent psychiatric diagnoses or unstable psychotropic medication were excluded.
NES was identified in 5 % of participants. Obesity was significantly associated with nocturnal awakenings unrelated to urination (p = 0.008). NES symptoms such as insomnia, evening eating urges, and depressive mood were also reported by a substantial subset of patients.
Conclusions
NES is present among LT recipients and appears more prevalent in those with obesity and disrupted sleep patterns. Given the metabolic and psychological vulnerability of this population, NES may represent an under recognized barrier to optimal post-transplant care. These findings support incorporating psycho-nutritional screening tools in transplant follow-up protocols.
{"title":"Night eating syndrome in liver transplant recipients with diabetes or excess-weight: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Michele Stecchi , Maria Giuseppina Albanese , Elena Nardi , Giulia Simonetti , Chiara Baldo , Miriana Sciatta , Giovanni Vitale , Paolo Pianta , Matteo Ravaioli , Matteo Cescon , Maria Cristina Morelli , Lucia Brodosi","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is a disordered eating pattern characterized by evening hyperphagia and nocturnal eating episodes. While NES has been extensively studied in obese and psychiatric populations, its presence in liver transplant (LT) recipients remains unexplored. Hence, we aimed to assess NES prevalence in a real-life cohort of LT recipients with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight or obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) was administered to 101 LT recipients attending a nutritional-metabolic outpatient clinic, and clinical data were collected. Inclusion criteria were age >18 years, liver transplantation, and presence of type 2 diabetes and/or BMI >25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Patients with recent psychiatric diagnoses or unstable psychotropic medication were excluded.</div><div>NES was identified in 5 % of participants. Obesity was significantly associated with nocturnal awakenings unrelated to urination (p = 0.008). NES symptoms such as insomnia, evening eating urges, and depressive mood were also reported by a substantial subset of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NES is present among LT recipients and appears more prevalent in those with obesity and disrupted sleep patterns. Given the metabolic and psychological vulnerability of this population, NES may represent an under recognized barrier to optimal post-transplant care. These findings support incorporating psycho-nutritional screening tools in transplant follow-up protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104521
Jesper Celander , My Engström , Gudrún Höskuldsdóttir , Frida Lenér , Koen Simons , Ville Wallenius , Björn Eliasson , Suzanne Hedberg , Karin Mossberg
Background and aims
Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective long-term treatment for obesity but is also associated with nutritional deficiencies and risk of recurrent weight gain (RWG). Anaemia is a common complication, particularly after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Long-term comparative data on anaemia and clinical outcomes after MBS are limited. This study aimed to evaluate anaemia, nutritional deficiencies, weight trajectories, and late clinical deterioration (defined as either RWG >30 % from the initial weight loss or exacerbation of an obesity-related comorbidity) five years after RYGB, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), or medical treatment (MT).
Methods and results
This prospective, non-randomized cohort study included 971 adults with obesity (BMI ≥35 kg/m2) from the BASUN study. Participants underwent RYGB (n = 388), SG (n = 201), or MT (n = 382). Hematologic parameters, supplement use, weight outcomes, and obesity-related complications (using medication data as surrogate markers) were assessed at baseline and five years. Follow-up data were available for 538 participants. Anaemia prevalence increased significantly in the RYGB group (3.0 %–12.2 %, p < 0.05), especially among women. No significant differences in anaemia or iron deficiency were found between supplement users and non-users in either surgery group. Late clinical deterioration occurred in 23.5 % of the MT group, 10.0 % of the RYGB group, and 13.5 % of the SG group.
Conclusions
Anaemia and iron deficiency increased five years post-RYGB, regardless of supplement use, suggesting current iron supplementation regimens may be inadequate. Alternative strategies are needed. A substantial proportion of patients experienced late clinical deterioration, highlighting the importance of long-term follow-up after obesity treatment.
{"title":"Anaemia and weight outcomes 5 years after metabolic and bariatric surgery – a prospective cohort study","authors":"Jesper Celander , My Engström , Gudrún Höskuldsdóttir , Frida Lenér , Koen Simons , Ville Wallenius , Björn Eliasson , Suzanne Hedberg , Karin Mossberg","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective long-term treatment for obesity but is also associated with nutritional deficiencies and risk of recurrent weight gain (RWG). Anaemia is a common complication, particularly after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Long-term comparative data on anaemia and clinical outcomes after MBS are limited. This study aimed to evaluate anaemia, nutritional deficiencies, weight trajectories, and late clinical deterioration (defined as either RWG >30 % from the initial weight loss or exacerbation of an obesity-related comorbidity) five years after RYGB, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), or medical treatment (MT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This prospective, non-randomized cohort study included 971 adults with obesity (BMI ≥35 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) from the BASUN study. Participants underwent RYGB (n = 388), SG (n = 201), or MT (n = 382). Hematologic parameters, supplement use, weight outcomes, and obesity-related complications (using medication data as surrogate markers) were assessed at baseline and five years. Follow-up data were available for 538 participants. Anaemia prevalence increased significantly in the RYGB group (3.0 %–12.2 %, p < 0.05), especially among women. No significant differences in anaemia or iron deficiency were found between supplement users and non-users in either surgery group. Late clinical deterioration occurred in 23.5 % of the MT group, 10.0 % of the RYGB group, and 13.5 % of the SG group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anaemia and iron deficiency increased five years post-RYGB, regardless of supplement use, suggesting current iron supplementation regimens may be inadequate. Alternative strategies are needed. A substantial proportion of patients experienced late clinical deterioration, highlighting the importance of long-term follow-up after obesity treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>March 03, 2015; NCT03152617.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104515
Muhammad Naeem , Saima Bibi , Robin Bülow , Martin Bahls , Sabine Schipf , Philipp Töpfer , Nele Friedrich , Wolfgang Rathmann , Ali Aghdassi , Matthias Nauck , Marcus Dörr , Henry Völzke , Marcello RP. Markus , Till Ittermann
Background and aim
We aimed to assess the sex-specific associations of different measures of body size, composition, and fat distribution with data from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to compare their effect sizes in a population-based study.
Methods and result
sCross-sectional data of 3628 (1898 women, 52 %) subjects aged between 20 and 84 years were taken from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-Trend-0). We investigated associations of markers from body anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and magnetic resonance imaging with markers from an OGTT including fasting glucose, fasting insulin, the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, 2-h post-load (glucose and insulin) and glucose tolerance categories. For this, we used linear and multinomial logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding.
All body composition markers were significantly associated with all OGTT parameters in both sexes. In women, visceral adipose tissue and liver fat content were most strongly associated with the OGTT parameters, while in men, the waist-to-height ratio showed the strongest association. Relative fat-free mass was the only marker, which was inversely associated with the OGTT parameters in both men and women. Overall, the associations of all body composition markers wee more pronounced in men than in women.
Conclusions
Our study highlights that associations between body composition markers and OGTT parameters differ between men and women with a tendency of stronger associations in men than in women. Sex-specific body composition markers may have to be considered in clinical practice to predict future prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Sex-specific associations of anthropometric markers with prediabetes in the general population","authors":"Muhammad Naeem , Saima Bibi , Robin Bülow , Martin Bahls , Sabine Schipf , Philipp Töpfer , Nele Friedrich , Wolfgang Rathmann , Ali Aghdassi , Matthias Nauck , Marcus Dörr , Henry Völzke , Marcello RP. Markus , Till Ittermann","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>We aimed to assess the sex-specific associations of different measures of body size, composition, and fat distribution with data from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to compare their effect sizes in a population-based study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and result</h3><div>sCross-sectional data of 3628 (1898 women, 52 %) subjects aged between 20 and 84 years were taken from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-Trend-0). We investigated associations of markers from body anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and magnetic resonance imaging with markers from an OGTT including fasting glucose, fasting insulin, the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, 2-h post-load (glucose and insulin) and glucose tolerance categories. For this, we used linear and multinomial logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding.</div><div>All body composition markers were significantly associated with all OGTT parameters in both sexes. In women, visceral adipose tissue and liver fat content were most strongly associated with the OGTT parameters, while in men, the waist-to-height ratio showed the strongest association. Relative fat-free mass was the only marker, which was inversely associated with the OGTT parameters in both men and women. Overall, the associations of all body composition markers wee more pronounced in men than in women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study highlights that associations between body composition markers and OGTT parameters differ between men and women with a tendency of stronger associations in men than in women. Sex-specific body composition markers may have to be considered in clinical practice to predict future prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104627
B Pala, L Pennazzi, G Nardoianni, S D Rubattu, M Volpe, A M Colao, E Barbato, G Tocci
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Very-low calorie ketogenic diet reduces central blood pressure and metabolic risk in post-menopausal women with essential hypertension and obesity: a single center, prospective, open-label clinical study\" [Nutr Metab Cardiovasc (2025) 4 35 4 103838].","authors":"B Pala, L Pennazzi, G Nardoianni, S D Rubattu, M Volpe, A M Colao, E Barbato, G Tocci","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"104627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104435
Hee Joon Choi , Jae-Min Park , Youn Huh , Wonsock Kim , Jung Hwan Kim , Young Sik Kim , Seo Young Kang
Background and aim
Food insecurity, which is inadequate access, availability and use of food, has been associated with obesity. This study investigated the relationship between food insecurity and obesity-related comorbidities.
Methods and results
We analyzed 14713 adults aged ≥19 years in the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2021. Socioeconomic status, including household income, education, and occupation, lifestyle factors, including smoking status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI), and obesity-related comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthritis, asthma, depression, gout, and cancer were evaluated. The ORs and 95 % CIs for obesity-related comorbidities according to the food security status were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 14713 participants, 4.1 % belonged to food insecure group. After adjusting for age, sex, and lifestyle factors, the ORs (95 % CIs) for hypertension (1.42, 1.12–1.80), uncontrolled hypertension (1.40, 1.02–1.91), diabetes (1.59, 1.22–2.07), uncontrolled diabetes (1.72, 1.29–2.29), hypertriglyceridemia (1.43, 1.04–1.96), cardiovascular disease (1.43, 1.00–2.03), and depression (2.43, 1.57–3.74) increased in the food insecure group compared to the food secure group. After adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status, the ORs (95 % CIs) for diabetes (1.35, 1.03–1.77), uncontrolled diabetes (1.51, 1.13–2.03), and depression (1.63, 1.06–2.51) increased in the food insecure group compared to the food secure group.
Conclusions
Food insecurity was associated with multiple obesity-related comorbidities. Improving food insecurity is needed to prevent obesity-related comorbidities.
{"title":"Relationship between food insecurity and obesity-related comorbidities","authors":"Hee Joon Choi , Jae-Min Park , Youn Huh , Wonsock Kim , Jung Hwan Kim , Young Sik Kim , Seo Young Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Food insecurity, which is inadequate access, availability and use of food, has been associated with obesity. This study investigated the relationship between food insecurity and obesity-related comorbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We analyzed 14713 adults aged ≥19 years in the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2021. Socioeconomic status, including household income, education, and occupation, lifestyle factors, including smoking status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI), and obesity-related comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthritis, asthma, depression, gout, and cancer were evaluated. The ORs and 95 % CIs for obesity-related comorbidities according to the food security status were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 14713 participants, 4.1 % belonged to food insecure group. After adjusting for age, sex, and lifestyle factors, the ORs (95 % CIs) for hypertension (1.42, 1.12–1.80), uncontrolled hypertension (1.40, 1.02–1.91), diabetes (1.59, 1.22–2.07), uncontrolled diabetes (1.72, 1.29–2.29), hypertriglyceridemia (1.43, 1.04–1.96), cardiovascular disease (1.43, 1.00–2.03), and depression (2.43, 1.57–3.74) increased in the food insecure group compared to the food secure group. After adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status, the ORs (95 % CIs) for diabetes (1.35, 1.03–1.77), uncontrolled diabetes (1.51, 1.13–2.03), and depression (1.63, 1.06–2.51) increased in the food insecure group compared to the food secure group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Food insecurity was associated with multiple obesity-related comorbidities. Improving food insecurity is needed to prevent obesity-related comorbidities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 3","pages":"Article 104435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104457
Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh , Dick C. Chan , Jing Pang , Gerald F. Watts
Background and aims
Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterized by elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Systemic inflammation has been recognized as a contributor to ASCVD. However, its role in patients with heterozygous FH (HeFH) remains unclear. This study examined the association between systemic inflammatory markers and ASCVD risk in HeFH patients.
Methods and results
A cross-sectional study of 538 patients with genetically confirmed HeFH were studied. Logistic regression was employed to assess the association between white blood cell count (WBCC), neutrophil count (NC) and monocyte count (MC) and prevalent ASCVD. HeFH patients with ASCVD had higher levels of WBCC, NC and MC than those without ASCVD. A 1-standard deviation increase in WBCC (odds ratio 1.65 [95 % CI: 1.29-2.12]), NC (1.64 [1.29-2.10]) and MC (1.56 [1.21-2.02]) were independently associated with higher ASCVD risk. The upper and middle tertiles of WBCC, NC and MC had a two- to three-fold increased risk of ASCVD compared with those in the bottom tertile.
Conclusions
Higher levels of WBCC, NC and MC are significantly associated with an increased prevalence of ASCVD in patients with HeFH. Targeting inflammation may be a valuable strategy for managing the development and progression of ASCVD in FH.
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Recent studies have identified the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) as a novel anthropometric measure strongly associated with metabolic diseases and mortality. However, it remains unclear whether cumulative exposure to WWI influences the risk of all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).This study aims to assess how baseline WWI and cumulative WWI are linked to all-cause mortality in patients with T2DM and their predictive value.
Methods and results
This study used data from the ACCORD/ACCORDION clinical trial. Baseline WWI and cumulative WWI were calculated for the first three follow-up visits. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were employed to investigate the relationship between WWI and all-cause mortality. RCS and smooth curve fitting techniques were employed to find possible nonlinear associations. Predictive ability was assessed via AUC, NRI, and IDI. Over 6.61 median follow-up years, 1274 deaths occurred. Each 1-unit increase in baseline and cumulative WWI raised mortality risk by 15 % (HR = 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.06–1.24) and 8 % (HR = 1.08, 95 % CI: 1.05–1.11), respectively. Highest WWI quartiles had 1.29-fold (baseline) and 1.49-fold (cumulative) higher mortality risks. Cumulative WWI showed a linear association with mortality risk, while baseline WWI exhibited a U-shaped relationship (inflection point: 10.236). Cumulative WWI had superior predictive ability.
Conclusions
WWI independently predicts mortality in T2DM patients, with cumulative WWI being more stable and predictive. WWI may serve as an additional factor to be considered for long-term risk stratification and personalized management in T2DM.
{"title":"Association and predictive value of cumulative weight-adjusted waist index with all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: Insights from the ACCORD study","authors":"Maojun Liu, Junyu Pei, Cheng Zeng, Ying Xin, Peiqi Tang, Xinqun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Recent studies have identified the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) as a novel anthropometric measure strongly associated with metabolic diseases and mortality. However, it remains unclear whether cumulative exposure to WWI influences the risk of all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).This study aims to assess how baseline WWI and cumulative WWI are linked to all-cause mortality in patients with T2DM and their predictive value.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This study used data from the ACCORD/ACCORDION clinical trial. Baseline WWI and cumulative WWI were calculated for the first three follow-up visits. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were employed to investigate the relationship between WWI and all-cause mortality. RCS and smooth curve fitting techniques were employed to find possible nonlinear associations. Predictive ability was assessed via AUC, NRI, and IDI. Over 6.61 median follow-up years, 1274 deaths occurred. Each 1-unit increase in baseline and cumulative WWI raised mortality risk by 15 % (HR = 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.06–1.24) and 8 % (HR = 1.08, 95 % CI: 1.05–1.11), respectively. Highest WWI quartiles had 1.29-fold (baseline) and 1.49-fold (cumulative) higher mortality risks. Cumulative WWI showed a linear association with mortality risk, while baseline WWI exhibited a U-shaped relationship (inflection point: 10.236). Cumulative WWI had superior predictive ability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>WWI independently predicts mortality in T2DM patients, with cumulative WWI being more stable and predictive. WWI may serve as an additional factor to be considered for long-term risk stratification and personalized management in T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 3","pages":"Article 104416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104436
Carmine Izzo , Albino Carrizzo , Fausto Acernese , Paola Di Pietro , Valeria Visco , Biagio Donnaruma , Ivo Ortolani , Rossella Di Maio , Luigi Schiavo , Vincenzo Pilone , Nicola Virtuoso , Eleonora Venturini , Maria Rosaria Rusciano , Cirillo Alessandra , Antonio Guerriero , Costantino Mancusi , Michele Ciccarelli , Carmine Vecchione
Background and aims
Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a frequent comorbidity among severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery evaluation. This study aimed to investigate clinical and demographic associated factors of T2DM to support improved preoperative risk stratification and guide preventive strategies.
Methods and results
We performed a retrospective analysis of 734 patients assessed for bariatric surgery. Associations between T2DM and age, gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated using logistic regression and Fisher's exact tests. The cohort had a mean age of 39 years (SD = 11.5) and mean BMI of 41.92 kg/m2 (SD = 5.16). T2DM prevalence was 9.5 %. Hypertension (p = 0.0098; OR = 2.344), dyslipidemia (p = 0.0009; OR = 2.467), and smoking (p = 0.00097; OR = 2.367) were significantly associated with T2DM, whereas gender showed no association (p = 0.4818). Multivariate logistic regression refined by Akaike Information Criterion identified age (OR = 1.0245), hypertension (OR = 1.9083), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.0851), and smoking (OR = 2.259) as independent predictors. The model showed excellent sensitivity (0.98) and high negative predictive value (0.987) but low specificity (0.116), supporting its utility for ruling out T2DM among low-risk individuals.
Conclusion
T2DM in severe obesity is driven by multiple factors, including age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking. These findings highlight modifiable risk factors that may serve as targets for early intervention. Incorporating comprehensive risk stratification into preoperative assessment may improve clinical decision-making and preventive strategies in high-risk obese populations.
背景和目的：2型糖尿病（T2DM）是接受减肥手术评估的严重肥胖患者中常见的合并症。本研究旨在探讨T2DM的临床和人口学相关因素，以支持改进术前风险分层和指导预防策略。方法和结果：我们对734例接受减肥手术的患者进行了回顾性分析。使用logistic回归和Fisher精确检验评估T2DM与年龄、性别、高血压、血脂异常、吸烟状况和体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。该队列平均年龄为39岁（SD = 11.5），平均BMI为41.92 kg/m2 （SD = 5.16）。2型糖尿病患病率为9.5%。高血压（p = 0.0098; OR = 2.344）、血脂异常（p = 0.0009; OR = 2.467）和吸烟（p = 0.00097; OR = 2.367）与T2DM显著相关，而性别无相关性（p = 0.4818）。根据赤池信息标准（Akaike Information Criterion）进行多因素logistic回归，年龄（OR = 1.0245）、高血压（OR = 1.9083）、血脂异常（OR = 2.0851）和吸烟（OR = 2.259）为独立预测因素。该模型具有良好的敏感性（0.98）和较高的阴性预测值（0.987），但特异性较低（0.116），支持其在低危人群中排除T2DM的实用性。结论：重度肥胖T2DM是由年龄、高血压、血脂异常、吸烟等多种因素驱动的。这些发现强调了可以作为早期干预目标的可改变的风险因素。将综合风险分层纳入术前评估可以改善高危肥胖人群的临床决策和预防策略。
{"title":"Unraveling the risk factors for type II diabetes in severe obese patients with indication for bariatric surgery: retrospective analysis","authors":"Carmine Izzo , Albino Carrizzo , Fausto Acernese , Paola Di Pietro , Valeria Visco , Biagio Donnaruma , Ivo Ortolani , Rossella Di Maio , Luigi Schiavo , Vincenzo Pilone , Nicola Virtuoso , Eleonora Venturini , Maria Rosaria Rusciano , Cirillo Alessandra , Antonio Guerriero , Costantino Mancusi , Michele Ciccarelli , Carmine Vecchione","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a frequent comorbidity among severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery evaluation. This study aimed to investigate clinical and demographic associated factors of T2DM to support improved preoperative risk stratification and guide preventive strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We performed a retrospective analysis of 734 patients assessed for bariatric surgery. Associations between T2DM and age, gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated using logistic regression and Fisher's exact tests. The cohort had a mean age of 39 years (SD = 11.5) and mean BMI of 41.92 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SD = 5.16). T2DM prevalence was 9.5 %. Hypertension (p = 0.0098; OR = 2.344), dyslipidemia (p = 0.0009; OR = 2.467), and smoking (p = 0.00097; OR = 2.367) were significantly associated with T2DM, whereas gender showed no association (p = 0.4818). Multivariate logistic regression refined by Akaike Information Criterion identified age (OR = 1.0245), hypertension (OR = 1.9083), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.0851), and smoking (OR = 2.259) as independent predictors. The model showed excellent sensitivity (0.98) and high negative predictive value (0.987) but low specificity (0.116), supporting its utility for ruling out T2DM among low-risk individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>T2DM in severe obesity is driven by multiple factors, including age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking. These findings highlight modifiable risk factors that may serve as targets for early intervention. Incorporating comprehensive risk stratification into preoperative assessment may improve clinical decision-making and preventive strategies in high-risk obese populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 3","pages":"Article 104436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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