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Modeling Extreme Values with Alpha Power Inverse Pareto Distribution 阿尔法幂逆Pareto分布的极值建模
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0007
Shumaila Ihtisham, Sadaf Manzoor, A. Khalil, S. Badshah, Muhammad Ijaz, H. Atta
Abstract The study focuses on the development of a new probability distribution with applications to extreme values. The distribution is proposed by incorporating an additional parameter into the inverse Pareto distribution using the α-Power Transformation. Various properties of the new distribution are derived. The paper also explores the estimation of the parameters by the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) technique. Simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of the MLEs. In addition, two real data sets with extreme values are used to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed model. It is concluded that the proposed model performs well in the case of extreme values compared to the existing distributions.
摘要本研究的重点是开发一种新的概率分布,并将其应用于极值。该分布是通过使用α-幂变换将额外的参数合并到逆Pareto分布中而提出的。导出了新分布的各种性质。本文还探讨了最大似然估计(MLE)技术对参数的估计。进行仿真以评估MLE的性能。此外,还使用了两个具有极值的真实数据集来评估所提出模型的有效性。结果表明,与现有分布相比,所提出的模型在极值情况下表现良好。
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引用次数: 0
Alternative Approach Leading to Reduction in Measurement Instrument Uncertainty of EMI Measurement 降低电磁干扰测量仪器不确定度的替代方法
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0008
M. Bittera, J. Hallon, I. Szolik, R. Hartanský
Abstract Even in the field of electromagnetic compatibility, low measurement uncertainty means high measurement quality. Although there are standardized procedures for obtaining the uncertainty of such a measurement, which facilitate uncertainty estimation, modern approaches show further reduction possibilities. The paper presents an alternative approach to reducing measurement instrument uncertainty in the case of electromagnetic interference measurement based on many years of our experience and a large number of measurements in this field. In the paper, two different methods of uncertainty reduction are described. The first method is based on a detailed analysis of the sources of uncertainty and the subsequent division of the analyzed frequency band into more subranges. Another method uses the choice of the antenna factor, which also contains information about the test site where the measurement is carried out. In this way, despite a lengthy analysis, it is relatively easy to achieve a measurement instrument uncertainty that is below the maximum measurement uncertainty given by the CISPR standard.
摘要即使在电磁兼容领域,低测量不确定度也意味着高测量质量。尽管有标准化的程序来获得这种测量的不确定性,这有助于不确定性估计,但现代方法显示出进一步降低不确定性的可能性。本文根据我们多年的经验和该领域的大量测量,提出了一种在电磁干扰测量情况下降低测量仪器不确定度的替代方法。本文介绍了两种不同的不确定度降低方法。第一种方法是基于对不确定性来源的详细分析,以及随后将分析的频带划分为更多的子范围。另一种方法使用天线因子的选择,其中还包含关于进行测量的测试地点的信息。这样,尽管进行了漫长的分析,但相对容易获得低于CISPR标准规定的最大测量不确定度的测量仪器不确定度。
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引用次数: 1
A Novel Non-Contact Measurement Method of Ball Screw Thread Profile Detection Based on Machine Vision 一种基于机器视觉的滚珠丝杠螺纹轮廓检测非接触测量新方法
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0006
Bing Miao, Xian-cheng Wang, Jun-hua Chen, Chuhua Jiang, Meng-yao Qu
Abstract The transmission accuracy of the ball screw depends on the processing quality of the thread profile. Traditional detection method of thread profile is complicated and inefficient. When shooting the thread profile of the ball screw in the normal section, the camera axis must be tilted to the lead angle, and adjustment errors are easily introduced from both the front view and the top view. When shooting in the axial section, the spiral lines block each other, so the actual thread profile cannot be captured for detection. In order to solve the above problems, a thread profile detection method is proposed: the theoretical equation of the ball screw thread profile in the axial section is derived based on the theoretical thread profile in the normal section, and the theoretical equation of the thread profile projection curve in the axial section is solved based on helix analysis, and the differential equation between them is obtained; then, the theoretical correction value of the thread profile projection curve is obtained by Linear Search to find the boundary value; the actual thread profile in both axial section and normal section is finally obtained with the theoretical correction value, which can support accurate measurement and detection of the key parameters of the thread profile. Experiments show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of the ball screw thread profile detection.
摘要滚珠丝杠的传动精度取决于螺纹轮廓的加工质量。传统的螺纹轮廓检测方法复杂且效率低下。在法向截面中拍摄滚珠丝杠的螺纹轮廓时,相机轴必须倾斜到导程角,并且从前视图和俯视图都很容易引入调整误差。在轴向剖面中拍摄时,螺旋线相互阻挡,因此无法捕捉到实际的螺纹轮廓进行检测。为了解决上述问题,提出了一种螺纹轮廓检测方法:在法向截面理论螺纹轮廓的基础上推导出滚珠螺杆轴向截面螺纹轮廓的理论方程,在螺旋线分析的基础上求解轴向截面螺纹廓线投影曲线的理论方程,并得到它们之间的微分方程;然后,通过线性搜索获得螺纹轮廓投影曲线的理论修正值,以找到边界值;通过理论修正值,最终得到了轴向截面和法向截面的实际螺纹轮廓,可以支持螺纹轮廓关键参数的精确测量和检测。实验表明,该方法能有效地提高滚珠丝杠螺纹轮廓检测的精度。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of Flux Transfer along Ferrite Core of Probe Coil for Eddy Current Nondestructive Evaluation 涡流无损检测中探头线圈铁氧体铁芯磁通传递的研究
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0002
Siquan Zhang
Abstract A probe coil with a T-core above a layered conductor with surface hole is investigated for magnetic flux transfer along the ferrite core and enhancement of eddy currents in conductor. The cylindrical coordinate system is adopted and an artificial boundary is added to the solution domain with radius b, and the general formula for calculating the impedance of the T-core coil is derived using the truncated region eigenfunction expansion (TREE) method. For four special cases with different probe configurations, coil impedance changes due to the layered conductor and defect are calculated with Mathematica software over a frequency change ranging from 100 Hz to 20 kHz. The analytical results are in good agreement with those obtained by the finite element method and experimental measurements. The results show that under the same lift-off height and excitation frequency, the impedance change caused by the conductor or defect in the coil of long core column is greater than that of the short core column coil. It indicates that the probe coil with a long core column can transfer magnetic flux to the conductor, thereby enhancing eddy currents in the conductor.
摘要研究了一种在带表面孔的层状导体上具有T型芯的探测线圈,用于磁通沿铁氧体芯的传输和增强导体中的涡电流。采用圆柱坐标系,在半径为b的解域中添加人工边界,并使用截区本征函数展开(TREE)方法导出了计算T芯线圈阻抗的通用公式。对于具有不同探针配置的四种特殊情况,使用Mathematica软件在100Hz至20kHz的频率变化范围内计算由于分层导体和缺陷引起的线圈阻抗变化。分析结果与有限元法和实验测量结果吻合较好。结果表明,在相同的起升高度和激励频率下,长芯柱线圈中导体或缺陷引起的阻抗变化大于短芯柱线圈。这表明,具有长芯柱的探针线圈可以将磁通量传递到导体,从而增强导体中的涡电流。
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引用次数: 0
Testing the Performance of the Video Camera to Monitor the Vertical Movements of the Structure via a Specially Designed Steel Beam Apparatus 通过一种特殊设计的钢梁装置测试监控结构垂直运动的摄像机的性能
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0004
M. Eren, R. G. Hoşbaş
Abstract This article focuses on a specially designed steel beam testing apparatus to determine the dynamics of the structure using data obtained from different sensor systems. The analysis of these different sensor systems is performed by processing data recorded by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), vision based measurement (video camera), and accelerometer surveys. To perform this analysis, the accelerometer and GNSS receiver are installed at the steel beam’s mid-span position. The high-contrast artificial target attached to the accelerometer is recorded by a video camera to monitor the structural dynamics. Steel beam experiments show that it is compatible with the accelerometer, which is predicted as a reference sensor in detecting motion with an amplitude of 10 mm and above in the vertical direction with GNSS and determining the structural frequency by spectral analysis. On the other hand, we concluded that the video camera can be used to determine the structural dynamics in SHM because its results were compatible with the reference data even if the amplitude was too small.
摘要:本文重点介绍了一种特殊设计的钢梁测试装置,利用不同传感器系统获得的数据来确定结构的动力学。这些不同传感器系统的分析是通过处理由全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)、基于视觉的测量(摄像机)和加速度计测量记录的数据来执行的。为了进行分析,加速度计和GNSS接收器安装在钢梁的跨中位置。高对比度的人造目标附着在加速度计上,通过摄像机进行记录,以监测结构动力学。钢梁实验表明,该传感器与加速度计兼容,可作为参考传感器,利用GNSS检测垂直方向上振幅在10mm及以上的运动,并通过频谱分析确定结构频率。另一方面,我们得出结论,视频摄像机可以用于确定SHM中的结构动力学,因为即使振幅太小,其结果也与参考数据兼容。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of Support Vector Machines for Prediction of Parkinson’s Disease 支持向量机在帕金森病预测中的优化
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0001
Turgut Özseven, Zübeyir Şükrü Özkorucu
Abstract As in all fields, technological developments have started to be used in the field of medical diagnosis, and computer-aided diagnosis systems have started to assist physicians in their diagnosis. The success of computer-aided diagnosis methods depends on the method used; dataset, pre-processing, post-processing, etc. differ according to the processes. In this study, parameter optimization of support vector machines was performed with four different methods currently used in the literature to assist the physician in diagnosis. The success of each method was tested on two different Parkinson’s datasets and the results were compared within themselves and with the literature. According to the results obtained, the highest accuracy rates vary depending on the dataset and optimization method. While Improved Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization achieved high success in the first dataset, Bat Algorithm achieved higher success in the other dataset. While the successful results obtained are better than some studies in the literature, they are at a level that can compete with some studies.
摘要正如在所有领域一样,技术发展已经开始用于医学诊断领域,计算机辅助诊断系统已经开始帮助医生进行诊断。计算机辅助诊断方法的成功取决于所使用的方法;数据集、预处理、后处理等因过程而异。在这项研究中,使用文献中目前使用的四种不同方法对支持向量机进行参数优化,以帮助医生进行诊断。每种方法的成功都在两个不同的帕金森氏数据集上进行了测试,并将结果与文献进行了比较。根据获得的结果,最高准确率因数据集和优化方法而异。改进的混沌粒子群算法在第一个数据集中取得了较高的成功,而蝙蝠算法在另一个数据集中获得了更高的成功。虽然所获得的成功结果比文献中的一些研究要好,但它们的水平可以与一些研究相竞争。
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引用次数: 0
Equivalence Ratio Modelling of Premixed Propane Flame by Multiple Linear Regression Using Flame Color and Spatial Characteristics 基于火焰颜色和空间特征的预混丙烷火焰等效比多元线性回归模型
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0005
Hao Yang, Yufeng Lai, Xuanqi Liu, Houshi Jiang, Jiansheng Yang
Abstract Equivalence ratio (Φ) is one of the most important parameters in combustion diagnostics. In previous studies, flame color characteristics have been widely applied to model the Φ of premixed hydrocarbon flames. The flame spatial characteristics also change with the varying Φ. In this paper, a high-speed color camera was employed to capture the premixed propane flame images under different Φ conditions (Φ = 0.93 to 1.53). Then, the relationship between the spatial characteristics and the Φ variation was investigated. The area and height of propane premixed flames perform a strong sensitive response to the Φ variation. Based on the research above, the Φ measurement models were constructed using color and spatial characteristics. A comparison was made between the color characteristics (Color-Φ) model and the color-spatial characteristics (Multi-dimensional-Φ) model. Both models were applied to a set of color images of a premixed propane flame, and the result indicates that the Multi-dimensional-Φ model performs with higher accuracy.
等效比(Φ)是燃烧诊断中最重要的参数之一。在以往的研究中,火焰颜色特性被广泛应用于模拟烃类预混火焰Φ。火焰空间特性也随Φ的变化而变化。本文采用高速彩色摄像机拍摄不同Φ条件下(Φ = 0.93 ~ 1.53)的预混丙烷火焰图像。然后,研究了空间特征与Φ变化的关系。丙烷预混火焰的面积和高度对Φ的变化表现出强烈的敏感响应。在以上研究的基础上,利用颜色和空间特征构建了Φ测量模型。将色彩特征(color -Φ)模型与色彩空间特征(Multi-dimensional-Φ)模型进行了比较。将两种模型应用于一组预混丙烷火焰的彩色图像,结果表明,多维-Φ模型具有较高的精度。
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引用次数: 1
Reactive Power and Energy Instrument’s Performance in Non-Sinusoidal Conditions Regarding Different Power Theories 基于不同功率理论的非正弦条件下的无功功率和能量仪器性能
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2023-0003
Kiril Demerdziev, V. Dimchev
Abstract It is important to conduct the examination of reactive power and energy instruments in normal operating conditions, due to their place in the regulated trade of electrical energy. The challenge arises when the normal operating conditions encompass non-sinusoidal voltages and currents, for two main reasons: the fact that the term reactive power/energy is not unambiguously defined in case of harmonically polluted environment and the fact that the measurement algorithm implemented in the meter is usually not explicitly presented by the producer. Different algorithms provide the same result in case of sinusoidal signals, while in case of harmonics the instrument’s performance may vary significantly, when different power theories are adopted. In the paper, a commercially available reactive energy electricity meter is tested with harmonically distorted voltage and current signals, and an analysis of its output is performed from the perspective of the implemented measuring algorithm, which is not known a priori. The tests encompass alteration of different waveform parameters and the instrument’s output is analyzed from the perspective of several reactive power theories. The conclusion of the analysis results in the meter’s performance feature illustration in correlation with different harmonic parameters and different reference conditions.
摘要由于无功功率和能量仪表在电能监管行业中的地位,在正常运行条件下对其进行检查很重要。当正常运行条件包括非正弦电压和电流时,会出现挑战,原因有两个:在谐波污染的环境中,无功功率/能量一词没有明确定义,以及生产商通常没有明确提出电表中的测量算法。不同的算法在正弦信号的情况下提供相同的结果,而在谐波的情况下,当采用不同的功率理论时,仪器的性能可能会发生显著变化。在本文中,用谐波失真的电压和电流信号对商用无功电能表进行了测试,并从所实现的测量算法的角度对其输出进行了分析,这是先验未知的。测试包括不同波形参数的变化,并从几种无功功率理论的角度分析了仪器的输出。分析的结论说明了该仪表在不同谐波参数和不同参考条件下的性能特征。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of ECG Offset Correction for Premature Ventricular Contraction Origin Localization from Clinical Data 心电图偏移校正对室性早搏起源定位的重要性
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2022-0031
J. Svehlíková, A. Přibilová, J. Zelinka, Beáta Ondrusová, K. Kromkova, P. Hlivak, R. Hatala, M. Tysler
Abstract In this study, the inverse solution with a single dipole was computed to localize the premature ventricular contraction (PVC) origin from long term multiple leads ECG measurements on fourteen patients. The stability of the obtained results was studied with respect to the preprocessing of signals used as an input to the inverse solution and the complexity of the torso model. Two methods were used for the baseline drift removal. After an averaging of the heartbeats, the influence of the retention or elimination of the remaining offset at the beginning of the PVC signal was examined. The inverse computations were performed using both homogeneous and inhomogeneous patient-specific torso models. It was shown that the remaining offset in the averaged signals at the beginning of the PVC signal had the most significant impact on the stability of the resulting position within the ventricles. Its elimination stabilizes the location of the results, decreases the sensitivity to the torso model complexity and decreases the sensitivity to the primary baseline drift removal method. The additional offset correction decreased the mean distance between the results for all patients from 17-18 mm to 1-2 mm, regardless of the baseline drift removal method or the torso model complexity.
摘要在本研究中,通过计算单偶极子的逆解来定位14名患者的长期多导联心电图测量中的室性早搏(PVC)起源。关于用作反解输入的信号的预处理和躯干模型的复杂性,研究了所获得结果的稳定性。基线漂移去除采用了两种方法。在平均心跳之后,检查在PVC信号开始时保留或消除剩余偏移的影响。使用均质和非均质患者特定躯干模型进行反向计算。结果表明,在PVC信号开始时平均信号中的剩余偏移对心室内最终位置的稳定性具有最显著的影响。它的消除稳定了结果的位置,降低了对躯干模型复杂性的敏感性,并降低了对主要基线漂移去除方法的敏感性。无论基线漂移消除方法或躯干模型的复杂性如何,额外的偏移校正都将所有患者的结果之间的平均距离从17-18 mm降低到1-2 mm。
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引用次数: 4
Distributed Fusion Estimation for the Measurements with Bounded Disturbances 有界扰动测量的分布式融合估计
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.2478/msr-2022-0035
Qiang Shen, Canzuo Li, Jieyu Liu, Xinsan Li, Lixin Wang
Abstract The information fusion problem is studied for multi-sensor systems in the presence of bounded disturbances. In this paper, a distributed fusion estimation algorithm is proposed based on the set-membership theory, which obtains the overall estimates based on multi-ellipsoids intersection. A parameter adaptive adjustment scheme is derived to guarantee the performance of the algorithm. The feedback mechanism is also introduced to enhance the estimation procedure. Through theoretical analysis and simulation, the performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed, and some interesting properties of the proposed algorithm are proved. Results show that the proposed algorithm improves the point estimation accuracy. Compared with the algorithm without feedback, the one with feedback has better local estimation. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in improving state estimation accuracy has been proved by the simulation results.
摘要研究了存在有界干扰的多传感器系统的信息融合问题。本文提出了一种基于集隶属度理论的分布式融合估计算法,该算法可以获得基于多椭球相交的整体估计。为了保证算法的性能,推导了一种参数自适应调整方案。还引入了反馈机制来增强估计过程。通过理论分析和仿真,对该算法的性能进行了分析,并证明了该算法的一些有趣的性质。结果表明,该算法提高了点估计的精度。与无反馈的算法相比,有反馈的算法具有更好的局部估计。仿真结果证明了该算法在提高状态估计精度方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
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Measurement Science Review
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