Legal Medicine最新文献

Forensic implications of early postmortem changes in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles following acute colchicine intoxication in rats 大鼠急性秋水仙碱中毒后早期死后骨骼、心脏和平滑肌变化的法医意义

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102780

Dina Y. Hegab , Nabela I. El-Sharkawy , Gihan G. Moustafa , Taghred M. Saber , Mohamed M.M. Metwally , Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim

Acute colchicine (CHC) poisoning can be fatal due to its narrow therapeutic index, involvement of multiple organ systems, and the lack of a specific antidote. This study investigated early postmortem biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes in skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles within 24 h of death following acute CHC intoxication in rats. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control and CHC-intoxicated groups (n = 30 each). Controls received saline and were euthanized humanely; CHC rats received a single oral lethal dose (4.9 mg/kg b.wt) and died naturally within 8–10 h. Samples from the gastrocnemius muscle, intestine, and heart were collected at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h postmortem. Tissue homogenates were analyzed for pH, CRP, Na⁺, K⁺, Ca⁺⁺, LDH, ATP, glycogen, and lactic acid. Immunohistochemistry assessed cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) and Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase (NKA) expression. CHC intoxication significantly altered most biochemical markers in a time-dependent manner. pH, Na⁺, ATP, and glycogen decreased, while CRP, LDH, Ca⁺⁺, K⁺, and lactic acid increased. CRP rose in the gastrocnemius and intestine but remained unchanged in the heart. CcO and NKA staining did not differ significantly between groups, though both declined with increasing postmortem interval (PMI). Several markers showed significant CHC-PMI interactions across tissues. Conclusively, acute CHC intoxication induced time-dependent biochemical changes in vital muscle tissues within 24 h PM. These findings underscore the forensic significance of understanding both toxicant-specific effects and PMI-related dynamics, enhancing the interpretation of muscle-based markers in suspected CHC poisoning cases.

急性秋水仙碱（CHC）中毒可能是致命的，因为它的治疗指数窄，累及多器官系统，缺乏特异性的解毒剂。本研究研究了急性CHC中毒大鼠死后24小时内骨骼、平滑肌和心肌的早期死后生化、组织病理学和免疫组织化学变化。将60只雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠分为对照组和chc中毒组，各30只。对照组接受生理盐水并人道安乐死；CHC大鼠接受单次口服致死剂量（4.9 mg/kg b.wt），在8-10小时内自然死亡。在死后0、3、6、12和24小时采集腓肠肌、肠道和心脏样本。组织匀浆分析pH、CRP、Na+、K+、Ca++、LDH、ATP、糖原和乳酸。免疫组化检测细胞色素c氧化酶（CcO）和Na+， K+- atp酶（NKA）的表达。CHC中毒以时间依赖性的方式显著改变了大多数生化标志物。pH、Na+、ATP和糖原降低，而CRP、LDH、Ca++、K+和乳酸升高。CRP在腓肠肌和肠道中升高，但在心脏中保持不变。CcO和NKA染色在各组间无显著差异，但两者均随死后时间（PMI）的增加而下降。一些标记物在组织中显示出显著的CHC-PMI相互作用。最后，急性CHC中毒在24小时PM内引起重要肌肉组织的时间依赖性生化变化。这些发现强调了了解毒物特异性效应和pmi相关动力学的法医意义，增强了对疑似CHC中毒病例中肌肉标志物的解释。

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引用次数: 0

Postmortem computed tomography lung imaging findings in cases of fatal hypothermia with infusion administered for cardiopulmonary resuscitation 致命低温输注心肺复苏病例的死后计算机断层扫描肺成像结果

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102781

Akiko Takeuchi , Shigeki Jin , Takayuki Kiuchi , Ryo Uozumi , Tomoko Matoba , Yuta Hara , Keiko Takahashi , Chihiro Misaki , Aya Kikawa , Ayako Eguchi , Manabu Murakami , Hideki Hyodoh , Kotaro Matoba

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the changes in postmortem lung computed tomography (CT) imaging findings following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using infusion in cases of fatal hypothermia.

Materials and Methods

Between January 2020 and December 2024, among 65 cases of fatal hypothermia deaths subjected to postmortem CT imaging and forensic autopsy at our institution, 29 cases with a postmortem interval of less than 48 h were selected. 11 subjects who received intravenous resuscitation before death was declared comprised Group I and 18 subjects who did not receive infusion comprised Group II. In the postmortem chest CT scans of these cases, chest cavity excluding the mediastinum (CC) and aerated lung volume (ALV) were measured. Furthermore, the ratio of ALV to CC (%ALV = ALV/CC × 100) was calculated.

Results

The ALV in Groups I and II was 1018 ± 333.4 and 2573 ± 168.0 mL, respectively, with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0011). The %ALV was significantly lower in Group I (34.6 % ± 8.88 %) than in Group II (81.3 % ± 1.39 %) (p < 0.0001). A strong negative correlation was observed between infusion volume and %ALV in all cases, with a correlation coefficient of −0.7743 (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that, in cases of fatal hypothermia, the %ALV in postmortem lung CT decreases when resuscitation with a large volume of infusion is administered as part of resuscitation after cardiopulmonary arrest.

目的本研究的目的是调查和评估致命性低体温患者在心肺复苏（CPR）输注后死后肺部计算机断层扫描（CT）成像的变化。材料与方法2020年1月至2024年12月，选取我院65例经死后CT成像及法医尸检的致死性低温死亡病例，其中29例死后间隔小于48 h。死亡前接受静脉复苏的11例为第一组，未接受静脉输液的18例为第二组。在这些病例的死后胸部CT扫描中，测量了除纵隔外的胸腔（CC）和通气肺体积（ALV）。计算ALV与CC的比值（%ALV = ALV/CC × 100）。结果I、II组ALV分别为1018±333.4、2573±168.0 mL，两组间差异有统计学意义（p = 0.0011）。I组ALV（34.6%±8.88%）明显低于II组（81.3%±1.39%）（p < 0.0001）。在所有病例中，输注量与%ALV呈强负相关，相关系数为- 0.7743 （p < 0.0001）。结论在致死性低体温的病例中，在心肺骤停后进行大量输液复苏时，死后肺部CT显示的%ALV降低。

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引用次数: 0

Mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation as a histopathological marker of aortic fragility: Two autopsy cases and a literature review 黏液细胞外基质堆积作为主动脉易碎性的组织病理学标志：两个尸检病例和文献综述。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102779

Marida Imbriani , Damiano Marchesini , Gianluca N. Piras , Monica La Greca , Anna Claudia Caruso , Anna Maria Manta , Benedetta Baldari

Medial degeneration of the aortic wall represents a critical substrate for the development of acute aortic syndromes, particularly dissection, in both clinically healthy individuals and those with known cardiovascular disease or syndromic features. Among these alterations, Mucoid Extracellular Matrix Accumulation (MEMA) has emerged as a key histopathological marker of aortic fragility, with implications not only for clinical practice but also for forensic investigations of sudden and unexpected deaths. This study presents two autopsy case reports of 41-year-old and 44-year-old individuals who died from acute aortic dissection with no prior evidence of cardiovascular disease or other macroscopic findings that could explain the death. Detailed histopathological examination revealed mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation and associated medial changes; in one case, acute cocaine intoxication was identified as a plausible hemodynamic trigger acting upon an intrinsically vulnerable aortic wall. Furthermore, a narrative review on MEMA and its role in medial layer alteration was conducted, allowing comparison of our findings with existing literature.

These cases highlight the forensic significance of identifying medial degenerative lesions in sudden aortic deaths. Comprehensive autopsy and histopathological assessment (hematoxylin-eosin staining) allow the recognition of MEMA and other medial alterations even in individuals without history of cardiovascular disease, support differentiation between intrinsic structural vulnerability and potential external precipitants, and contribute to a more accurate reconstruction of the mechanisms underlying unexpected aortic fatalities. Systematic evaluation of the aortic wall also improves differentiation between intrinsic aortic pathology and external triggers, contributing to scientific understanding and to forensic accuracy, and may support medico-legal evaluations of potential medical malpractice in appropriate contexts.

在临床健康个体和已知心血管疾病或综合征特征的个体中，主动脉壁内侧退变是急性主动脉综合征（特别是夹层）发展的关键基础。在这些改变中，黏液细胞外基质积累（Mucoid Extracellular Matrix Accumulation， MEMA）已成为主动脉易损的关键组织病理学标志物，不仅对临床实践有重要意义，而且对突发和意外死亡的法医调查也有重要意义。本研究报告了两例41岁和44岁的人死于急性主动脉夹层的尸检病例，没有心血管疾病的证据或其他宏观发现可以解释死亡。详细的组织病理学检查显示黏液细胞外基质积累和相关的内侧改变；在一个病例中，急性可卡因中毒被确定为一种可能的血流动力学触发因素，作用于本质上脆弱的主动脉壁。此外，我们对MEMA及其在中间层改变中的作用进行了叙述性回顾，并将我们的发现与现有文献进行了比较。这些病例强调了鉴定主动脉猝死中内侧退行性病变的法医学意义。全面的尸检和组织病理学评估（苏木精-伊红染色）允许识别MEMA和其他内侧改变，甚至在没有心血管疾病史的个体中，支持区分内在结构脆弱性和潜在的外部沉淀因素，并有助于更准确地重建意外主动脉死亡的机制。对主动脉壁的系统评估也有助于区分主动脉内部病理和外部诱因，有助于科学理解和法医准确性，并可能支持在适当情况下对潜在医疗事故的医学-法律评估。

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引用次数: 0

Postmortem computed tomography identified indigestible umeboshi pit surrounded by maggot masses in oral cavity suggesting food-related choking in a decomposed body 死后计算机断层扫描发现口腔内有难以消化的呕吐物坑周围有大量蛆虫表明腐烂的尸体因食物而窒息

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102777

Ken Sato, Suzuka Shimmura, Takeki Nishi, Marie Inaba, Hisashi Akuzawa, Fujio Ishizawa, Yukiko Sugano, Yoichiro Takahashi

Determination of the cause of death is a fundamental task in forensic medicine. However, this becomes particularly challenging in cases of decomposition, where critical findings necessary for diagnosis are often obscured by putrefaction or insect activity. Here, we report a case of a man in his 70 s who went missing during a summer hike and was found approximately 10 m below a trail after four days, in a state of moderate decomposition with heavy maggot infestation. Postmortem computed tomography revealed no major traumatic injuries but identified a high-density, oval-shaped foreign body, measuring approximately 2 cm, in the oral cavity. Autopsy confirmed this as the pit of a pickled plum (umeboshi), retrieved from a cluster of maggots. The stomach contained plum paste, rice, and seaweed, which were typical components of a Japanese rice ball (onigiri). These findings suggested that the deceased died while eating onigiri, implying that the cause of death involved food aspiration-related choking, although decomposition prevented definitive identification of airway obstruction and other cause of death could not be evaded completely. In this case, postmortem computed tomography enabled detection of evidence that would likely have been missed or displaced without imaging, especially given the moderate postmortem changes. It was demonstrated that, even in decomposed bodies, persistent foreign materials such as an umeboshi pit could serve as useful circumstantial indicators in forensic investigations. This case illustrates the importance of integrating imaging and autopsy approaches in elucidating causes of death in complex forensic cases.

确定死因是法医学的一项基本任务。然而，在腐烂的情况下，这变得特别具有挑战性，因为诊断所必需的关键发现往往被腐烂或昆虫活动所掩盖。在这里，我们报告了一个70多岁 的男子，他在夏季徒步旅行中失踪，四天后在一条小路下约10 米的地方被发现，处于中度腐烂状态，有大量的蛆感染。尸检计算机断层扫描显示没有重大创伤，但在口腔内发现了一个高密度的椭圆形异物，直径约2 cm。尸体解剖证实这是一颗酸梅的核，是从一群蛆中取出的。胃里有梅子酱、大米和海藻，这些都是日本饭团（饭团）的典型成分。这些发现表明，死者是在吃饭团时死亡的，这意味着死亡原因涉及与食物吸入有关的窒息，尽管腐烂阻止了呼吸道阻塞的明确鉴定，而且其他死亡原因也不能完全避免。在这种情况下，死后计算机断层扫描能够检测到没有成像可能被遗漏或移位的证据，特别是考虑到适度的死后变化。结果表明，即使在腐烂的尸体中，诸如烟灰缸坑之类的持久外来物质也可以作为法医调查中有用的间接指标。这个案例说明了在复杂的法医案件中，综合成像和尸检方法阐明死亡原因的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Forensic medical analysis of closed head acceleration–deceleration injuries: a narrative review 闭合性头部加速-减速伤的法医分析：叙述回顾

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102778

Natasha Davceva , Jože Balažic

A key classification of closed head injuries, particularly relevant for reconstructing trauma biomechanics and of greatest medicolegal importance, is the distinction between contact injuries and acceleration–deceleration injuries. The two most characteristic acceleration–deceleration injuries are acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and diffuse axonal injury (DAI), which both arise from acceleration forces applied to the head but differ in the duration of these forces.

ASDH typically results from rapid deceleration against a firm surface, as occurs in falls, falls accompanied by blows, or traffic accidents in which the head strikes the ground directly, with cyclists and motorcyclists being particularly vulnerable. In contrast, DAI is associated with prolonged acceleration–deceleration forces, usually of lower magnitude, and occurs most frequently in vehicular traffic accidents, where deformable or padded surfaces extend the deceleration phase. DAI may also result from falls from considerable heights. This review discusses the development of knowledge regarding DAI, its definition, diagnostic criteria, and key considerations, based on a literature review. Post-mortem detection requires a comprehensive forensic-neuropathological examination of fixed brain tissue, with immunohistochemistry using antibodies against β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) remaining the method of choice to visualize damaged axons and distinguish traumatic from ischemic patterns of injury.

In conclusion, although ASDH and DAI are both acceleration injuries and may occasionally co-occur, current evidence suggests that their coexistence more likely reflects complex injury mechanisms rather than a single, shared pathway.

闭合性头部损伤的一个关键分类，特别是与重建创伤生物力学和最大的医学重要性有关，是接触损伤和加速-减速损伤之间的区别。两种最典型的加减速损伤是急性硬膜下血肿（ASDH）和弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI），它们都是由施加在头部的加速度力引起的，但这些力的持续时间不同。ASDH通常是由于在坚硬的表面上快速减速造成的，比如在跌倒、摔倒时摔伤或头部直接撞击地面的交通事故中，骑自行车和骑摩托车的人特别容易受到伤害。相反，DAI与长时间的加减速力有关，通常强度较低，并且最常发生在车辆交通事故中，其中变形或填充的表面延长了减速阶段。从相当高的地方跌落也可能导致DAI。本文在文献综述的基础上，讨论了DAI知识的发展、定义、诊断标准和关键注意事项。死后检测需要对固定脑组织进行全面的法医神经病理学检查，使用抗β-淀粉样前体蛋白（β-APP）抗体的免疫组织化学方法仍然是可视化受损轴突和区分创伤性和缺血性损伤模式的首选方法。总之，尽管ASDH和DAI都是加速损伤，偶尔也可能同时发生，但目前的证据表明，它们的共存更可能反映了复杂的损伤机制，而不是单一的、共享的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Alteration of amino acid racemization rates of dentin via aspartate aminotransferase: A pilot study 通过天冬氨酸转氨酶改变牙本质的氨基酸消旋速率：一项初步研究

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102776

Saki Minegishi, Hisako Saitoh, Jun Ohta, Hajime Utsuno, Shuuji Namiki, Maiko Toya, Koichi Sakurada

In forensic medicine, amino acid racemization (AAR) of dentin is one of the most precise methods for age estimation. However, AAR requires preparing for a wide age range for the same type of target teeth, which is one reason why AAR is not widely used. The purpose of this pilot study was to vary AAR rates by performing enzymatic reactions of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and α-ketoglutarate. We used amino acids extracted from 10 mg of dentin, which was obtained from two maxillary third molars (age, 22 years). Furthermore, we examined AAR rates by performing gas chromatography under various conditions, including AST (0.1 U or 0.2 U), pH 7.8, 37 °C, 5–30 min, and with or without α-ketoglutarate. The results showed that AAR rates differed significantly among the conditions (p < 0.01). Furthermore, we attempted to estimate age based on the variation of AAR rates by using a calibration curve for 13 maxillary third molars (17–74 years, r = 0.859) and obtained AAR rates corresponding to 12–139 years. The results revealed that AST can be used to easily determine the AAR rates of L-aspartic acid, might demonstrate the potential for age estimation by racemization in forensic medicine.

在法医学中，牙本质的氨基酸消旋化（AAR）是最精确的年龄估计方法之一。然而，AAR要求为同一类型的目标牙齿准备广泛的年龄范围，这是AAR没有被广泛使用的原因之一。本初步研究的目的是通过进行天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和α-酮戊二酸的酶促反应来改变AAR率。我们使用了从10毫克牙本质中提取的氨基酸，牙本质来自两颗上颌第三磨牙（年龄，22岁）。此外，我们通过气相色谱法检测了不同条件下的AAR率，包括AST (0.1 U或0.2 U), pH 7.8, 37°C, 5-30 min，添加或不添加α-酮戊二酸。结果表明，不同处理的AAR率差异有统计学意义（p < 0.01）。此外，我们尝试利用13颗上颌第三磨牙（17-74岁，r = 0.859）的校正曲线，根据AAR率的变化来估计年龄，得到了对应于12-139岁的AAR率。结果表明，AST可以方便地测定l -天冬氨酸的AAR率，在法医学上具有外消旋估计年龄的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Additional practical considerations in the interpretation of multiple sharp-force injuries 解释多处锐器伤的额外实际考虑。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102773

Petr Handlos

引用次数: 0

Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry as part of an integrated multidisciplinary approach in a complex cadaver case 扫描电子显微镜与能量色散光谱作为一个综合多学科方法的一部分，在一个复杂的尸体案件。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102775

Alberto Delia , Marcello Seligardi , Marco Di Paolo , Isabella Spinetti , Sara Bortolini , Valentina Bugelli

The forensic investigation of severely decomposed or skeletonized human remains poses considerable diagnostic challenges, often limiting the effectiveness of traditional autopsy approaches. This study describes a homicide case involving partially skeletonized remains recovered in an abandoned rural building, demonstrating the crucial role of Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (SEM-EDS) in determining cause and manner of death. The investigation was carried out using a multidisciplinary approach including post-mortem computed tomography (MSCT), entomological analysis, histology, immunohistochemistry, and SEM-EDS microanalysis. Entomological findings and the Total Decomposition Score (TDS = 14) indicated a post-mortem interval of approximately 4–5 months. Immunohistochemistry revealed extravascular positivity for Glycophorin A, confirming lesion vitality despite advanced decomposition. SEM-EDS analysis, conducted following internationally validated sampling protocols for inorganic gunshot residue (GSR) on skeletal tissues, identified characteristic particles of oxidized lead, barium, and sulphur at the orbital fracture margin, strongly indicative of a firearm entry wound. Control sampling from unaffected cranial regions was negative, confirming specificity. The colocalization of ballistic residues and fracture morphology supported the conclusion that death resulted from a cranial gunshot trauma. These findings align closely with previously published case series involving SEM-EDS analysis in similarly complex forensic contexts particularly those described by Amadasi et al. This case highlights the forensic value and reliability of SEM-EDS for detecting GSR under severe taphonomic conditions, reinforcing the necessity of integrating radiological, entomological, histological, and advanced microscopic techniques to resolve complex forensic scenarios where traditional autopsy methods are severely limited.

对严重腐烂或骨骼化的人类遗骸的法医调查提出了相当大的诊断挑战，往往限制了传统尸检方法的有效性。本研究描述了一起杀人案，涉及在一座废弃的农村建筑中发现的部分骨骼遗骸，证明了扫描电子显微镜与能量色散光谱（SEM-EDS）在确定死因和死亡方式方面的关键作用。研究采用多学科方法进行，包括死后计算机断层扫描（MSCT）、昆虫学分析、组织学、免疫组织化学和SEM-EDS显微分析。昆虫学调查结果和总分解评分（TDS = 14）表明，死亡间隔约为4-5个月。免疫组织化学显示血管外糖蛋白A阳性，证实病变尽管分解严重，但仍有活力。根据国际认可的骨骼组织无机射击残留物（GSR）取样方案进行的SEM-EDS分析，在眼眶骨折边缘发现了氧化铅、钡和硫的特征颗粒，强烈表明枪伤。来自未受影响的颅骨区域的对照取样为阴性，证实了特异性。弹道残留物和骨折形态的共定位支持了死亡是由头部枪伤造成的结论。这些发现与先前发表的案例系列密切相关，这些案例涉及类似复杂的法医背景下的SEM-EDS分析，特别是Amadasi等人描述的那些。该案例凸显了SEM-EDS在严峻的尸检条件下检测GSR的法医价值和可靠性，强调了整合放射学、昆虫学、组织学和先进显微技术来解决传统尸检方法严重受限的复杂法医场景的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Diversity and similarity of metallothionein and STEAP gene regulation by heavy metals in human colorectal cells 重金属对人结直肠细胞金属硫蛋白和STEAP基因调控的多样性和相似性。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2026.102774

Mariko Kazuta, Toshihiko Aki, Kanako Noritake, Atsushi Yamada, Kana Unuma

Heavy metals, including arsenic, which are found in a wide range of environments, can disrupt cellular homeostasis in humans and even entire ecosystems. Metallothioneins (MTs) are well-known mediators of cellular defense against metal toxicity, while the STEAP family of metalloreductases has recently been attracting attention, especially in the field of cancer research. The aim of this study was to evaluate systematically the cellular responses of HT-29 cells (derived from human colorectal adenocarcinoma) exposed to As₂O₃ (0, 5, 10, 15 μM for 24 h). Transcriptome analysis identified the induction and suppression of the MT and STEAP genes, respectively. However, further evaluation of MT and STEAP gene responses to CdCl₂, HgCl₂, PbCl₂, and ZnCl₂ (0, 5, 10, 15 μM for 24 h) revealed that the expressions of the MT and STEAP genes were each regulated differently in a metal-specific manner, suggesting distinct cytotoxic mechanisms in response to each heavy metal. This study represents the first systematic investigation of MT and STEAP gene responses to heavy metals providing a new perspective for further research in metal toxicity assessment.

包括砷在内的重金属存在于各种环境中，可以破坏人体甚至整个生态系统的细胞稳态。金属硫蛋白（MTs）是众所周知的细胞防御金属毒性的介质，而STEAP家族的金属还原酶近年来引起了人们的关注，特别是在癌症研究领域。本研究的目的是系统地评估HT-29细胞（来源于人结直肠癌）暴露于As2O3(0、5、10、15 μM) 24小时后的细胞反应。转录组分析分别鉴定出MT和STEAP基因的诱导和抑制作用。然而，进一步评估MT和STEAP基因对CdCl2、HgCl2、PbCl2和ZnCl2(0、5、10、15 μM) 24 h的反应表明，MT和STEAP基因的表达都以金属特异性的方式受到不同的调控，这表明MT和STEAP基因对每种重金属的细胞毒性机制不同。该研究首次系统研究了MT和STEAP基因对重金属的反应，为进一步研究金属毒性评估提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

When suicide mimics homicide: a forensic analysis of three cases involving multiple sharp-force injuries 当自杀模仿谋杀：对三起涉及多处利器伤害的案件的法医分析

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Legal Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102770

Alessandro Sartori , Giovanna Del Balzo, Dario Raniero

Suicide by multiple sharp-force injuries represents an uncommon and diagnostically complex occurrence in forensic pathology. The presence of numerous stab or incised wounds can mimic homicidal patterns, especially when typical self-inflicted indicators are absent or unclear. Differentiating between suicide and homicide in such cases requires a multidisciplinary assessment involving autopsy findings, scene investigation, and psychological history. We report three rare cases of suicide involving multiple sharp-force injuries. Case 1: A 44-year-old man with a history of depression and alcohol abuse was found in an advanced state of decomposition at home. Twelve stab wounds were located on the precordial and epigastric regions, with hesitation marks on the forearm and no evidence of third-party involvement. Case 2: A 32-year-old woman with bulimia nervosa was discovered supine in her kitchen, with a blood-stained kitchen knife nearby. Twelve parallel stab wounds were observed in the precordial region and left breast, with pulmonary artery transection and massive haemothorax. No hesitation or defensive wounds were noted. Case 3: A 39-year-old man, recently affected by bereavement-related depression, was found in his garage gripping a kitchen knife. He sustained 25 sharp-force injuries across the neck and abdomen, including jugular vein transection and tracheal perforation. Hesitation wounds were present on the palmar aspects of the fingers.

Despite the high number of wounds, several factors (anatomical accessibility, presence of hesitation marks, lack of defence injuries, and psychiatric histories) supported a suicidal manner of death. These cases emphasise the critical need for integrated forensic evaluations in distinguishing suicides from potential homicides.

多处锐器伤自杀是法医病理学中一种罕见且诊断复杂的现象。大量刺伤或割伤的存在可以模拟杀人模式，特别是当典型的自我造成的迹象缺失或不清楚时。在这种情况下，区分自杀和他杀需要多学科评估，包括尸检结果、现场调查和心理病史。我们报告了三个罕见的自杀案件，涉及多处锐器伤害。案例1：一名44岁的男性，有抑郁和酗酒史，在家中被发现处于严重的腐烂状态。12处刺伤位于心前区和腹壁区，前臂有犹豫痕迹，没有第三方参与的证据。案例2：一名患有神经性贪食症的32岁女性被发现仰卧在厨房里，旁边有一把带血的菜刀。心前区及左乳平行刺伤12处，伴肺动脉横断及大出血胸。没有犹豫或自卫的痕迹。案例3：一名39岁的男子，最近受到丧亲抑郁症的影响，被发现在他的车库里拿着一把菜刀。他的颈部和腹部有25处锐器伤，包括颈静脉横断和气管穿孔。手指掌侧有犹豫伤。尽管伤口数量众多，但有几个因素（解剖学上的可接近性、犹豫痕迹的存在、缺乏防卫伤和精神病史）支持自杀的死亡方式。这些案件强调了在区分自杀和潜在杀人方面进行综合法医评估的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0