Pub Date : 2025-04-05DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102615
Abdullah Nur Azeelah , Hanis Zainal Abidin NurWaliyuddin , Alwi Aedrianee Reeza , Zainuddin Zafarina
The Orang Asli, the earliest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia, constitute only 0.6% of the country’s population. This study analyses allele frequencies and forensic parameters for 12 X-STR loci across six Orang Asli subgroups using the Investigator® Argus X-12 QS kit. Blood samples were collected from 164 individuals (68 males, 96 females), with genomic DNA extracted and analysed through PCR amplification, capillary electrophoresis, and allele assignment. A total of 117 alleles were identified, with DXS10135 being the most polymorphic and DXS8378 the least. The highest power of discrimination was observed at DXS10135 for both males and females. The highest haplotype diversity was found in linkage group 4 with 39 haplotypes, while linkage group 3 had the lowest with 23 haplotypes. Forensic statistical analysis confirmed a combined power of discrimination and mean exclusion chance exceeding 0.999999. These findings provide valuable data for forensic applications, population genetics, and anthropological research.
{"title":"Population data for 12 X-STR loci in the Orang Asli population of Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Abdullah Nur Azeelah , Hanis Zainal Abidin NurWaliyuddin , Alwi Aedrianee Reeza , Zainuddin Zafarina","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Orang Asli, the earliest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia, constitute only 0.6% of the country’s population. This study analyses allele frequencies and forensic parameters for 12 X-STR loci across six Orang Asli subgroups using the Investigator® Argus X-12 QS kit. Blood samples were collected from 164 individuals (68 males, 96 females), with genomic DNA extracted and analysed through PCR amplification, capillary electrophoresis, and allele assignment. A total of 117 alleles were identified, with DXS10135 being the most polymorphic and DXS8378 the least. The highest power of discrimination was observed at DXS10135 for both males and females. The highest haplotype diversity was found in linkage group 4 with 39 haplotypes, while linkage group 3 had the lowest with 23 haplotypes. Forensic statistical analysis confirmed a combined power of discrimination and mean exclusion chance exceeding 0.999999. These findings provide valuable data for forensic applications, population genetics, and anthropological research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 102615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We started to measure concentrations of dissolved and particulate phases for dozens of chemical elements to compensate for the shortcomings of the diatom test. In this study, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, and cerebrospinal body fluids were obtained from 34 cases diagnosed as drowning and 25 non-drowning and non-immersed (NDNI) cases. The results showed that from the body fluids, in particular from bilateral pleural and pericardial fluids, synergically measured levels of the dissolved phase of strontium (Sr), lithium (Li), and Boron (B) and particulate phase of Sr concentrations were increased in seawater drowning (SWD) cases as opposed to freshwater drowning (FWD) cases and NDNI cases, forecasting the location of water aspiration. To categorically attribute the cause of death to drowning, however, a comprehensive investigation of circumstantial evidence, a careful external examination of the body, and a thorough analysis of body fluids pertaining to diatom testing in various organs and body fluids should be undertaken. Our research with the latter analysis method reveals that it is a powerful diagnostic aid, particularly in SWD cases versus FWD cases. Going forward, we hope that the results we achieved will be helpful when investigating drowning location with water aspiration for suspected drowning cases.
{"title":"Strontium concentration in body cavity fluids as a novel marker for drowning diagnosis and entry site determination","authors":"Ryota Nakanishi , Takahiro Eida , Tomoyoshi Hariba , Satoru Minabe , Asami S. Mashio , Takaya Murakami , Hiroshi Hasegawa , Masahiko Zuka","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We started to measure concentrations of dissolved and particulate phases for dozens of chemical elements to compensate for the shortcomings of the diatom test. In this study, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, and cerebrospinal body fluids were obtained from 34 cases diagnosed as drowning and 25 non-drowning and non-immersed (NDNI) cases. The results showed that from the body fluids, in particular from bilateral pleural and pericardial fluids, synergically measured levels of the dissolved phase of strontium (Sr), lithium (Li), and Boron (B) and particulate phase of Sr concentrations were increased in seawater drowning (SWD) cases as opposed to freshwater drowning (FWD) cases and NDNI cases, forecasting the location of water aspiration. To categorically attribute the cause of death to drowning, however, a comprehensive investigation of circumstantial evidence, a careful external examination of the body, and a thorough analysis of body fluids pertaining to diatom testing in various organs and body fluids should be undertaken. Our research with the latter analysis method reveals that it is a powerful diagnostic aid, particularly in SWD cases versus FWD cases. Going forward, we hope that the results we achieved will be helpful when investigating drowning location with water aspiration for suspected drowning cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 102616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102571
Claudia Casella, Emanuele Capasso, Mariagrazia Marisei, Gaetano Di Donna, Pierpaolo Di Lorenzo, Massimo Niola
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Exploring health professionals’ knowledge of end of life in Italy” [Leg. Med. 71 (2024) 102542]","authors":"Claudia Casella, Emanuele Capasso, Mariagrazia Marisei, Gaetano Di Donna, Pierpaolo Di Lorenzo, Massimo Niola","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102614
Alberto Chighine, Giulio Ferino, Matteo Nioi, Ernesto d’Aloja, Emanuela Locci
A case report of a fatal acute intoxication following cocaine and fluoxetine snorting is described here. A 44-year-old woman with an history of drug abuse was found dead at home. On-site evaluation conducted by police highlighted evidence of recent cocaine consumption whereas no tablets or drug blisters were spotted. In the hypothesis of a drug-related crime the local Prosecutor ordered a judicial autopsy.
Pathological findings were consistent with an acute cardiac failure while toxicological analysis conducted on blood revealed the presence of fluoxetine and cocaine in reportedly fatal concentrations. A blood alcohol concentration of 1.9 g/L was also detected. Nasal swabs were positive for both fluoxetine and cocaine whereas no sign of tablets was spotted in the stomach, which appeared empty.
Death was hence ascribed to an acute cardiac failure secondary to fluoxetine and cocaine intoxication. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first post-mortem report of fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine in fatal concentrations following intake by snorting.
{"title":"Fatal acute intoxication after snorting cocaine and fluoxetine","authors":"Alberto Chighine, Giulio Ferino, Matteo Nioi, Ernesto d’Aloja, Emanuela Locci","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A case report of a fatal acute intoxication following cocaine and fluoxetine snorting is described here. A 44-year-old woman with an history of drug abuse was found dead at home. On-site evaluation conducted by police highlighted evidence of recent cocaine consumption whereas no tablets or drug blisters were spotted. In the hypothesis of a drug-related crime the local Prosecutor ordered a judicial autopsy.</div><div>Pathological findings were consistent with an acute cardiac failure while toxicological analysis conducted on blood revealed the presence of fluoxetine and cocaine in reportedly fatal concentrations. A blood alcohol concentration of 1.9 g/L was also detected. Nasal swabs were positive for both fluoxetine and cocaine whereas no sign of tablets was spotted in the stomach, which appeared empty.</div><div>Death was hence ascribed to an acute cardiac failure secondary to fluoxetine and cocaine intoxication. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first post-mortem report of fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine in fatal concentrations following intake by snorting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102610
Bharath Karthikeyan , Ranjit Immanuel James , Jefferson Daniel , Senthil Kumar R , Benjy Tom Varughese , Daniel Manoj , Antony L. Arakkal , Latif Rajesh Johnson
Background
Diagnosing anaphylactic deaths is a challenging task for forensic pathologists. Although serum tryptase is considered to be a reliable biomarker, there are limitations to it. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore various other potential biomarkers which could be of diagnostic value, along with Tryptase, to diagnose anaphylactic shock at autopsy.
Aim
We want to systematically review the accuracy of newer postmortem biomarkers for anaphylaxis, such as chymase or eosinophilic cationic protein. Before embarking on this project, we intend to assess the feasibility of conducting systematic reviews on this topic. and identify any deficiencies in the existing literature to guide research priorities.
Methodology
We followed PRISMA guidelines and conducted the search in four databases, namely Medline, Scopus, EBSCO-CINAHL, and TRIP. Rayyan AI software was used to screen the articles.
Results
A total of 6112 articles were retrieved from the search, and 5079 articles were screened after removing duplicates. Only 25 articles were finally available as per our inclusion criteria. Studies pertaining to post-mortem tryptase levels were found in large numbers, with two recently done systematic reviews on this topic. The number of studies available on other newer biomarkers was too few. More clinical studies are needed before a meta-analysis can be done. Hence, we could perform only a narrative review on the topic.
Discussion
There is a scarcity of literature with definite cutoff levels for markers other than Tryptase. Based on the available studies, it is not possible to do diagnostic accuracy reviews at the moment. Hence, we narrate the usefulness of biomarkers like Immunoglobulin E, Chymase, Carboxypeptidase A3, Diamine Oxidase, Histamine and Eosinophilic Cationic Protein.
Conclusion
Based on the available evidence, serum tryptase is recognized as the primary biomarker for the postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic death, with elevated levels strongly indicating anaphylaxis. Additionally, serum IgE, particularly allergen-specific IgE, is a valuable complementary biomarker. Further research is needed to understand the performance of other biomarkers.
{"title":"Utility of biomarkers in the postmortem diagnosis of fatal Anaphylaxis: A scoping review","authors":"Bharath Karthikeyan , Ranjit Immanuel James , Jefferson Daniel , Senthil Kumar R , Benjy Tom Varughese , Daniel Manoj , Antony L. Arakkal , Latif Rajesh Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diagnosing anaphylactic deaths is a challenging task for forensic pathologists. Although serum tryptase is considered to be a reliable biomarker, there are limitations to it. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore various other potential biomarkers which could be of diagnostic value, along with Tryptase, to diagnose anaphylactic shock at autopsy.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We want to systematically review the accuracy of newer postmortem biomarkers for anaphylaxis, such as chymase or eosinophilic cationic protein. Before embarking on this project, we intend to assess the feasibility of conducting systematic reviews on this topic. and identify any deficiencies in the existing literature to guide research priorities.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>We followed PRISMA guidelines and conducted the search in four databases, namely Medline, Scopus, EBSCO-CINAHL, and TRIP. Rayyan AI software was used to screen the articles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 6112 articles were retrieved from the search, and 5079 articles were screened after removing duplicates. Only 25 articles were finally available as per our inclusion criteria. Studies pertaining to post-mortem tryptase levels were found in large numbers, with two recently done systematic reviews on this topic. The number of studies available on other newer biomarkers was too few. More clinical studies are needed before a <em>meta</em>-analysis can be done. Hence, we could perform only a narrative review on the topic.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>There is a scarcity of literature with definite cutoff levels for markers other than Tryptase. Based on the available studies, it is not possible to do diagnostic accuracy reviews at the moment. Hence, we narrate the usefulness of biomarkers like Immunoglobulin E, Chymase, Carboxypeptidase A3, Diamine Oxidase, Histamine and Eosinophilic Cationic Protein.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the available evidence, serum tryptase is recognized as the primary biomarker for the postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic death, with elevated levels strongly indicating anaphylaxis. Additionally, serum IgE, particularly allergen-specific IgE, is a valuable complementary biomarker. Further research is needed to understand the performance of other biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tramadol exerts analgesic effects by acting as an agonist of μ-opioid receptor and by inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline. Here we report an autopsy case of a woman in her thirties, with multiple drugs detected. Based on the autopsy findings and toxicological examination results, we concluded the death was attributed to the ingestion of tramadol and benzodiazepines, which was thought to have primarily resulted from CNS depression. Co-ingested drugs should be considered when evaluating toxicity.
{"title":"A case of fatal poisoning caused by a combination of tramadol and benzodiazepines","authors":"Sella Takei , Hiroshi Kinoshita , Mitsuru Kumihashi , Mostofa Jamal , Tadayoshi Yamashita , Etsuko Tanaka , Sachiko Kawahara , Hiroko Abe , Kunihiko Tsutsui , Takehiko Murase","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tramadol exerts analgesic effects by acting as an agonist of μ-opioid receptor and by inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline. Here we report an autopsy case of a woman in her thirties, with multiple drugs detected. Based on the autopsy findings and toxicological examination results, we concluded the death was attributed to the ingestion of tramadol and benzodiazepines, which was thought to have primarily resulted from CNS depression. Co-ingested drugs should be considered when evaluating toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102613
Yuhao Yuan , Zhonghao Yu , Jiaxin zhang , Yiling Li , Zhaoxuan Wang , Yubei Wang , Shengxiao Wang , Yiwu Zhou
In forensic identification, there are many cases of hair poisoning detection and analysis to assist forensic identification, with fewer reported cases using morphological features to assist forensic identification. Herein, we report the case of a 13-year-old girl who had been raped and killed. The body was abandoned in a snowy wilderness and was discovered 5 months later. After an on-site investigation and forensic examination, the case conformed to the characteristics of a homicide, and a strand of hair left on the deceased’s scarf became key evidence. Through morphological methods such as stereomicroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we believe that the hair conformed to the morphological and histological characteristics of pubic hair, which helped clarify the case. Based on this case, we believe that the morphological characteristics of hair are of great significance for forensic identification and that rich morphological observation methods can enhance the evidential value of hair in forensic cases.
{"title":"Forensic identification of rape and murder case based on morphological features of hair: A case report","authors":"Yuhao Yuan , Zhonghao Yu , Jiaxin zhang , Yiling Li , Zhaoxuan Wang , Yubei Wang , Shengxiao Wang , Yiwu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In forensic identification, there are many cases of hair poisoning detection and analysis to assist forensic identification, with fewer reported cases using morphological features to assist forensic identification. Herein, we report the case of a 13-year-old girl who had been raped and killed. The body was abandoned in a snowy wilderness and was discovered 5 months later. After an on-site investigation and forensic examination, the case conformed to the characteristics of a homicide, and a strand of hair left on the deceased’s scarf became key evidence. Through morphological methods such as stereomicroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we believe that the hair conformed to the morphological and histological characteristics of pubic hair, which helped clarify the case. Based on this case, we believe that the morphological characteristics of hair are of great significance for forensic identification and that rich morphological observation methods can enhance the evidential value of hair in forensic cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102613"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hand bone structure provides valuable features for sex estimation. This research introduces a novel approach using Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to classify sex from hand X-ray images, focusing on the diagnostic potential of specific bone regions. We assess CNN performance on different hand skeleton areas, utilize Score-CAM to understand sex-discriminating features, and evaluate advanced CNN architectures. While the Xception model achieved the highest overall accuracy of 83.5% using complete hand X-rays, the InceptionResNetV2 model demonstrated remarkable efficiency by achieving 81.68% accuracy using only the proximal phalanx and metacarpal bones, maintaining a comparable AUC-ROC score of 0.92. Metacarpals of the first and second fingers were identified as key for differentiation. This approach demonstrates the power of AI in skeletal analysis and represents a significant step towards deployable AI tools for forensic and medical sex identification.
{"title":"Generating accurate sex estimation from hand X-ray images using AI deep-learning techniques: A study of limited bone regions","authors":"Paniti Achararit, Haruethai Bongkaew, Thanapon Chobpenthai, Pawaree Nonthasaen","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hand bone structure provides valuable features for sex estimation. This research introduces a novel approach using Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to classify sex from hand X-ray images, focusing on the diagnostic potential of specific bone regions. We assess CNN performance on different hand skeleton areas, utilize Score-CAM to understand sex-discriminating features, and evaluate advanced CNN architectures. While the Xception model achieved the highest overall accuracy of 83.5% using complete hand X-rays, the InceptionResNetV2 model demonstrated remarkable efficiency by achieving 81.68% accuracy using only the proximal phalanx and metacarpal bones, maintaining a comparable AUC-ROC score of 0.92. Metacarpals of the first and second fingers were identified as key for differentiation. This approach demonstrates the power of AI in skeletal analysis and represents a significant step towards deployable AI tools for forensic and medical sex identification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102611
Laura Donato , Rossana Cecchi , Douglas H. Ubelaker , Jessika Camatti , Mark Davis , Anna Laura Santunione , Michele Treglia , Luigi Tonino Marsella
Age progression technique involves a reworking of the photo of a missing person in accordance with the guidelines drawn up by medical sciences on aging. Here we present the age progression of photos of individuals who are not missing persons, so the photos of their current appearance are available. The creation of age progressions in blind starting from photos of them as children made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique.
The age progression was carried out based on a photo of Individual A and Individual B. First, the study of the facial features defined the morphology according to the standard classification, then reference images characterized by morphologies consistent with those of the original image were searched for. Thanks to Adobe Photoshop 2023 software, the creation of a collage was made. Finally, the result was compared with the current photo of the individual.
The analysis of the two age progressions carried out gave different results. In the age progression of Individual A, the morphology of the facial features reveals similarities with slight errors in the comparison with his photo at 19 years old. Regarding the age progression of Individual B’s face, doubts were raised regarding both skin tone and haircut.
The positive and negative aspects found in these age progressions are of great importance in evaluating the accuracy of the results. Thanks to continuous practice, the age progression technique can be improved so that it can be a real support tool for the search for long-time missing persons.
{"title":"The age progression technique: Study and evaluation of the results","authors":"Laura Donato , Rossana Cecchi , Douglas H. Ubelaker , Jessika Camatti , Mark Davis , Anna Laura Santunione , Michele Treglia , Luigi Tonino Marsella","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age progression technique involves a reworking of the photo of a missing person in accordance with the guidelines drawn up by medical sciences on aging. Here we present the age progression of photos of individuals who are not missing persons, so the photos of their current appearance are available. The creation of age progressions in blind starting from photos of them as children made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique.</div><div>The age progression was carried out based on a photo of Individual A and Individual B. First, the study of the facial features defined the morphology according to the standard classification, then reference images characterized by morphologies consistent with those of the original image were searched for. Thanks to Adobe Photoshop 2023 software, the creation of a collage was made. Finally, the result was compared with the current photo of the individual.</div><div>The analysis of the two age progressions carried out gave different results. In the age progression of Individual A, the morphology of the facial features reveals similarities with slight errors in the comparison with his photo at 19 years old. Regarding the age progression of Individual B’s face, doubts were raised regarding both skin tone and haircut.</div><div>The positive and negative aspects found in these age progressions are of great importance in evaluating the accuracy of the results. Thanks to continuous practice, the age progression technique can be improved so that it can be a real support tool for the search for long-time missing persons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 102611"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号