Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00674-7
Talha Burki
{"title":"Honing traditional medicine's role in infectious diseases","authors":"Talha Burki","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00674-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00674-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00667-x
No Abstract
没有抽象的
{"title":"Lenacapavir—time to change the game for everyone","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00667-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00667-x","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145554767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00590-0
Mariana Perez Duque, Kishor K Paul, Rebeca Sultana, Gabriel Ribeiro dos Santos, Megan O'Driscoll, Abu M Naser, Mahmudur Rahman, Mohammad Shafiul Alam, Hasan M Al-Amin, Mohammed Z Rahman, Mohammad E Hossain, Repon C Paul, Elias Krainski, Stephen P Luby, Simon Cauchemez, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Emily S Gurley, Henrik Salje
{"title":"National burden of and optimal vaccine policy for Japanese encephalitis virus in Bangladesh: a seroprevalence and modelling study","authors":"Mariana Perez Duque, Kishor K Paul, Rebeca Sultana, Gabriel Ribeiro dos Santos, Megan O'Driscoll, Abu M Naser, Mahmudur Rahman, Mohammad Shafiul Alam, Hasan M Al-Amin, Mohammed Z Rahman, Mohammad E Hossain, Repon C Paul, Elias Krainski, Stephen P Luby, Simon Cauchemez, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Emily S Gurley, Henrik Salje","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00590-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00590-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145545448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00687-5
Alexander J Mentzer, George Davey Smith, Teresa Lambe, Julian C Knight, Mary Carrington
No Abstract
没有抽象的
{"title":"Time to tackle vaccine–HLA associations with artificial intelligence","authors":"Alexander J Mentzer, George Davey Smith, Teresa Lambe, Julian C Knight, Mary Carrington","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00687-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00687-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00719-4
Paton NI, Cousins C, Sari IP, et al. Efficacy and safety of 8-week regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TRUNCATE-TB): a prespecified exploratory analysis of a multi-arm, multi-stage, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2025; 25: 1084–96—In this Article, Professor Erlina Burhan's affiliation should have been as follows: “Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia and Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia ”. This correction has been made to the online version as of Nov 17, 2025.
{"title":"Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; 25: 1084–96","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00719-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00719-4","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Paton NI, Cousins C, Sari IP, et al. Efficacy and safety of 8-week regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TRUNCATE-TB): a prespecified exploratory analysis of a multi-arm, multi-stage, open-label, randomised controlled trial.</em> Lancet Infect Dis <em>2025;</em> 25: <em>1084–96</em>—In this Article, Professor Erlina Burhan's affiliation should have been as follows: “Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia and Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia ”. This correction has been made to the online version as of Nov 17, 2025.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"375 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00551-1
Shruti Murthy, Nienke N Hagedoorn, Suzanne Faigan, Meera D Rathan, Christian S Marchello, John A Crump
Background
Updated estimates of the prevalence of complications and case-fatality ratio (CFR) among patients with typhoid fever are needed to inform typhoid fever prevention and control. To support country-level decisions on typhoid prevention and control with contemporary estimates of morbidity and mortality, we updated our 2020 review.
Methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-surgical (typhoid fever) and surgical (typhoid intestinal perforation [TIP]) observational studies and control groups of vaccine trials that reported on typhoid fever complications or mortality. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and eight preprint repositories using the keywords Salmonella Typhi, mortality, case fatality, died, death, complications, perforation, and haemorrhage, for reports published from Jan 1, 1980, to June 11, 2025, inclusive. Summary data were abstracted from published reports. We synthesised the prevalence of individual predefined complications, pooled CFR estimates using random-effects meta-analysis, and stratified prevalences by UN region, subregion, setting of recruitment, and age groups. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020166998).
Findings
Of 167 included reports, 106 (63%) were included from the 2020 review and 61 (37%) from the updated searches. 119 (71%) non-surgical reports provided data from 160 study sites among 29 933 patients with typhoid, and 48 (29%) surgical reports provided data from 62 study sites among 4486 patients with TIP. Delirium or confusion was the most prevalent typhoid fever complication, reported in 706 (26·5%) of 2662 typhoid cases. TIP was reported in 108 (1·7%) of 6362 typhoid cases. The overall pooled typhoid CFR was 2·1% (95% CI 1·7–2·7). The pooled typhoid CFR was 2·9% (1·1–7·1; I2=70·0%) in the Americas, 4·7% (3·1–6·8; I2=62·6%) in Africa, and 1·2% (1·0–1·7; I2=57·6%) in Asia; 2·3% (1·8–3·0; I2=77·7%) in facility-based recruitment sites; 0·9% (0·5–1·7; I2=0·0%) in community-based recruitment sites; and 2·7% (1·8–4·0; I2=73·4%) among patients aged 15 years or younger, and 1·8% (1·3–2·4; I2=70·6%) for mixed ages. The overall pooled TIP CFR was 16·3% (13·4–20·0).
Interpretation
We identified substantial ongoing morbidity and mortality due to typhoid fever in Africa and Asia, in facility-based sites, and across age groups. This updated evidence can be used to support decisions on vaccine and non-vaccine measures to prevent and control typhoid fever and TIP.
{"title":"Complications and mortality of typhoid fever: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shruti Murthy, Nienke N Hagedoorn, Suzanne Faigan, Meera D Rathan, Christian S Marchello, John A Crump","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00551-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00551-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Updated estimates of the prevalence of complications and case-fatality ratio (CFR) among patients with typhoid fever are needed to inform typhoid fever prevention and control. To support country-level decisions on typhoid prevention and control with contemporary estimates of morbidity and mortality, we updated our 2020 review.<h3>Methods</h3>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-surgical (typhoid fever) and surgical (typhoid intestinal perforation [TIP]) observational studies and control groups of vaccine trials that reported on typhoid fever complications or mortality. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and eight preprint repositories using the keywords Salmonella Typhi, mortality, case fatality, died, death, complications, perforation, and haemorrhage, for reports published from Jan 1, 1980, to June 11, 2025, inclusive. Summary data were abstracted from published reports. We synthesised the prevalence of individual predefined complications, pooled CFR estimates using random-effects meta-analysis, and stratified prevalences by UN region, subregion, setting of recruitment, and age groups. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020166998).<h3>Findings</h3>Of 167 included reports, 106 (63%) were included from the 2020 review and 61 (37%) from the updated searches. 119 (71%) non-surgical reports provided data from 160 study sites among 29 933 patients with typhoid, and 48 (29%) surgical reports provided data from 62 study sites among 4486 patients with TIP. Delirium or confusion was the most prevalent typhoid fever complication, reported in 706 (26·5%) of 2662 typhoid cases. TIP was reported in 108 (1·7%) of 6362 typhoid cases. The overall pooled typhoid CFR was 2·1% (95% CI 1·7–2·7). The pooled typhoid CFR was 2·9% (1·1–7·1; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=70·0%) in the Americas, 4·7% (3·1–6·8; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=62·6%) in Africa, and 1·2% (1·0–1·7; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=57·6%) in Asia; 2·3% (1·8–3·0; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=77·7%) in facility-based recruitment sites; 0·9% (0·5–1·7; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=0·0%) in community-based recruitment sites; and 2·7% (1·8–4·0; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=73·4%) among patients aged 15 years or younger, and 1·8% (1·3–2·4; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=70·6%) for mixed ages. The overall pooled TIP CFR was 16·3% (13·4–20·0).<h3>Interpretation</h3>We identified substantial ongoing morbidity and mortality due to typhoid fever in Africa and Asia, in facility-based sites, and across age groups. This updated evidence can be used to support decisions on vaccine and non-vaccine measures to prevent and control typhoid fever and TIP.<h3>Funding</h3>Gates Foundation.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145498858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00658-9
Lu Zhang, Nianzhen Chen, Amy Eichmann, Inga Nehlmeier, Anna-Sophie Moldenhauer, Metodi V Stankov, Christine Happle, Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka, Georg M N Behrens, Markus Hoffmann, Stefan Pöhlmann
No Abstract
没有抽象的
{"title":"Epidemiological and virological update on the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant BA.3.2","authors":"Lu Zhang, Nianzhen Chen, Amy Eichmann, Inga Nehlmeier, Anna-Sophie Moldenhauer, Metodi V Stankov, Christine Happle, Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka, Georg M N Behrens, Markus Hoffmann, Stefan Pöhlmann","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00658-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00658-9","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145498859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00600-0
Barnabas Bakamutumaho, David Lupande Mwenebitu, Winters Muttamba, Ingrid Ampeire, Henry Kyobe Bosa, Esto Bahizire, Bertin Casinga Bisimwa, Andrew Obuku, Misaki Wayengera, Alison Sandeman, Matthew T G Holden, Patrick D M C Katoto, Bruce Kirenga, Deborah A Williamson, Wilber Sabiiti
Background
Accurate, accessible diagnostic tests are essential for mpox outbreak control, particularly in settings with limited laboratory infrastructure. Antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer point-of-care potential, but clinical performance data remain scarce. We assessed a research-use-only RDT for detection of mpox at the point of care in two African countries.
Methods
This prospective, multicentre, diagnostic accuracy study of the research-use-only NG-Test Monkeypox antigen RDT (NG Biotech, Guipry-Messac, France) was done at 16 sites (hospitals or health-care facilities) in Uganda and DR Congo. We enrolled individuals of any age with clinically suspected mpox. Paired skin lesion swabs were collected from each participant for antigen testing at the point of care and real-time PCR testing at reference laboratories. Diagnostic accuracy of the antigen test was evaluated using PCR as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance metrics were estimated overall and stratified by country, age, and cycle threshold values.
Findings
Between Jan 29 and April 23, 2025, 645 participants were enrolled, of whom 641 (99%) had valid paired antigen and PCR test results and were included in the analysis. 416 (65%) of 641 participants were PCR positive. Overall RDT sensitivity was 70·4% (293 of 416 [95% CI 65·9–74·6]) and specificity was 89·3% (201 of 225 [84·6–92·7]). Sensitivity was higher in Uganda (195 of 238; 81·9% [95% CI 76·6–86·3]) than in DR Congo (98 of 178; 55·1% [47·7–62·2]) Specificity was 86·5% (90 of 104 [95% CI 78·7–91·8]) in Uganda compared with 91·7% (111 of 121 [85·5–95·5]) in DR Congo. Performance varied by age, viral load, and symptom duration.
Interpretation
Although performance of the NG-Test Monkeypox antigen RDT did not fully meet WHO Target Product Profile benchmarks, driven mainly by lower sensitivity in DR Congo, results in Uganda were more encouraging. Testing was successfully done under field conditions, including in areas affected by conflict and displacement. These findings should not be interpreted as supporting immediate field deployment but show the feasibility and current limitations of lesion-based antigen testing and the need for improved, validated assays.
Funding
Global Virus Network, UK Medical Research Council, and University of St Andrews.
Translations
For the Swahili and French translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
{"title":"Field evaluation of a rapid antigen test for mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda: a multicentre, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study","authors":"Barnabas Bakamutumaho, David Lupande Mwenebitu, Winters Muttamba, Ingrid Ampeire, Henry Kyobe Bosa, Esto Bahizire, Bertin Casinga Bisimwa, Andrew Obuku, Misaki Wayengera, Alison Sandeman, Matthew T G Holden, Patrick D M C Katoto, Bruce Kirenga, Deborah A Williamson, Wilber Sabiiti","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00600-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00600-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Accurate, accessible diagnostic tests are essential for mpox outbreak control, particularly in settings with limited laboratory infrastructure. Antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer point-of-care potential, but clinical performance data remain scarce. We assessed a research-use-only RDT for detection of mpox at the point of care in two African countries.<h3>Methods</h3>This prospective, multicentre, diagnostic accuracy study of the research-use-only NG-Test Monkeypox antigen RDT (NG Biotech, Guipry-Messac, France) was done at 16 sites (hospitals or health-care facilities) in Uganda and DR Congo. We enrolled individuals of any age with clinically suspected mpox. Paired skin lesion swabs were collected from each participant for antigen testing at the point of care and real-time PCR testing at reference laboratories. Diagnostic accuracy of the antigen test was evaluated using PCR as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance metrics were estimated overall and stratified by country, age, and cycle threshold values.<h3>Findings</h3>Between Jan 29 and April 23, 2025, 645 participants were enrolled, of whom 641 (99%) had valid paired antigen and PCR test results and were included in the analysis. 416 (65%) of 641 participants were PCR positive. Overall RDT sensitivity was 70·4% (293 of 416 [95% CI 65·9–74·6]) and specificity was 89·3% (201 of 225 [84·6–92·7]). Sensitivity was higher in Uganda (195 of 238; 81·9% [95% CI 76·6–86·3]) than in DR Congo (98 of 178; 55·1% [47·7–62·2]) Specificity was 86·5% (90 of 104 [95% CI 78·7–91·8]) in Uganda compared with 91·7% (111 of 121 [85·5–95·5]) in DR Congo. Performance varied by age, viral load, and symptom duration.<h3>Interpretation</h3>Although performance of the NG-Test Monkeypox antigen RDT did not fully meet WHO Target Product Profile benchmarks, driven mainly by lower sensitivity in DR Congo, results in Uganda were more encouraging. Testing was successfully done under field conditions, including in areas affected by conflict and displacement. These findings should not be interpreted as supporting immediate field deployment but show the feasibility and current limitations of lesion-based antigen testing and the need for improved, validated assays.<h3>Funding</h3>Global Virus Network, UK Medical Research Council, and University of St Andrews.<h3>Translations</h3>For the Swahili and French translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145498819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00623-1
Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Kevin K Ariën
No Abstract
没有抽象的
{"title":"Rapid diagnostic antigen tests for mpox and the need for decentralised testing—not quite there yet","authors":"Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Kevin K Ariën","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00623-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00623-1","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145498818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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