The purpose of the study was to investigate the magnitude of bilateral deficit (BLD) in trained males and examine its relationship with functional performance and recent resistance training history. Ten physically active males (age: 23.02±1.27 years) self-reported the number of unilateral and bilateral exercises within their structured resistance training schedule. During two visits to the laboratory, participants performed unilateral and bilateral squat jumps (SJ) and isometric leg extensions (ILE) for the quantification of BLD. Participants also performed bilateral countermovement jumps (CMJ) and a change of direction (COD) test to quantify functional performance. The performance outcomes and information regarding training history were then correlated with the bilateral index (BLI) metric. The key findings were that: (a) a lower BLD in SJ peak power related to a greater CMJ peak force (r=.728; p=.02) and peak power (r=.750; p=.01), (b) the BLI in the ILE was unrelated to performance outcomes, and (c) BLI was unrelated to the mean number of bilateral and unilateral exercises in the structured resistance training programme of participants. In conclusion, lower levels of BLD may be advantageous for bilateral tests of functional performance (i.e. jumps) however there is a need to consider the mechanical similarity between the performance and BLD measure. Finally, the balance of unilateral and bilateral exercises in an individual’s recent resistance training history is not sensitive to the BLI measured during dynamic or isometric assessments.
{"title":"Bilateral deficit: relationships with training history and functional performance","authors":"G. Nicholson, Dario Masini","doi":"10.26582/K.53.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.53.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate the magnitude of bilateral deficit (BLD) in trained males and examine its relationship with functional performance and recent resistance training history. Ten physically active males (age: 23.02±1.27 years) self-reported the number of unilateral and bilateral exercises within their structured resistance training schedule. During two visits to the laboratory, participants performed unilateral and bilateral squat jumps (SJ) and isometric leg extensions (ILE) for the quantification of BLD. Participants also performed bilateral countermovement jumps (CMJ) and a change of direction (COD) test to quantify functional performance. The performance outcomes and information regarding training history were then correlated with the bilateral index (BLI) metric. The key findings were that: (a) a lower BLD in SJ peak power related to a greater CMJ peak force (r=.728; p=.02) and peak power (r=.750; p=.01), (b) the BLI in the ILE was unrelated to performance outcomes, and (c) BLI was unrelated to the mean number of bilateral and unilateral exercises in the structured resistance training programme of participants. In conclusion, lower levels of BLD may be advantageous for bilateral tests of functional performance (i.e. jumps) however there is a need to consider the mechanical similarity between the performance and BLD measure. Finally, the balance of unilateral and bilateral exercises in an individual’s recent resistance training history is not sensitive to the BLI measured during dynamic or isometric assessments.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47773750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Akdoğan, Ilker Yilmaz, Y. Köklü, U. Alemdaroğlu, A. Cerrah
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of six weeks of small-sided games (SSG), speed endurance (SER) and combined SSG and SER (CT) training programs on sprint, repeated sprint, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) and level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) performance in young soccer players. Forty-one elite young soccer players (body height: 174.0 ± 7.5 cm, body weight: 59.7 ± 9.5 kg, age: 14.6 ± 0.5 years, training age: 7.4 ± 0.6 years) underwent anthropometric measurements before performing 10m and 30m sprint tests, repeated sprint tests, and Yo-Yo IR1 and Yo-Yo IR2. The players were then divided into four groups: the SSG group (SSG; n=11), the SER group (SER; n=10), the CT group (CT; n=11), and the control group (CG; n=9). All groups performed training for six weeks on two days out of the five training days the participants were undertaking. There was a statistically significant increase in the Yo-Yo IR1 and Yo-Yo IR2 test performances of players in SSG, SER and CT groups (p<.05). In addition, players in these groups showed significantly higher percentage increases in Yo-Yo IR2 test performance compared to the CG. The CT group also had a statistically significant increase in Yo-Yo IR1 test performance compared to the CG (p<.05). In conclusion, while this study shows that SSG and SER training can be used for physical performance development in isolation or in combination, coaches and sports scientists are advised to choose combined training to use training time more efficiently.
{"title":"The effect of isolated or combined small-sided games and speed endurance training on physical performance parameters in young soccer players","authors":"E. Akdoğan, Ilker Yilmaz, Y. Köklü, U. Alemdaroğlu, A. Cerrah","doi":"10.26582/K.53.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.53.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of six weeks of small-sided games (SSG), speed endurance (SER) and combined SSG and SER (CT) training programs on sprint, repeated sprint, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) and level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) performance in young soccer players. Forty-one elite young soccer players (body height: 174.0 ± 7.5 cm, body weight: 59.7 ± 9.5 kg, age: 14.6 ± 0.5 years, training age: 7.4 ± 0.6 years) underwent anthropometric measurements before performing 10m and 30m sprint tests, repeated sprint tests, and Yo-Yo IR1 and Yo-Yo IR2. The players were then divided into four groups: the SSG group (SSG; n=11), the SER group (SER; n=10), the CT group (CT; n=11), and the control group (CG; n=9). All groups performed training for six weeks on two days out of the five training days the participants were undertaking. There was a statistically significant increase in the Yo-Yo IR1 and Yo-Yo IR2 test performances of players in SSG, SER and CT groups (p<.05). In addition, players in these groups showed significantly higher percentage increases in Yo-Yo IR2 test performance compared to the CG. The CT group also had a statistically significant increase in Yo-Yo IR1 test performance compared to the CG (p<.05). In conclusion, while this study shows that SSG and SER training can be used for physical performance development in isolation or in combination, coaches and sports scientists are advised to choose combined training to use training time more efficiently.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41650011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marko Perić, Nicholas Wise, R. Heydari, M. Keshtidar, J. Mekinc
Current COVID-19 realities impose additional challenges to sporting event organisers who now have to consider and include new protective measures for the safety and security of both active and passive participants. This study focuses on event consumers and issues related to their intention to attend future sporting events and their perception of how important they find some of the safety-related protective measures when attending sporting events following the COVID-19 crisis. Based on the empirical study of residents from one Middle East and two European countries, the results suggest that, once all restrictions on movement and sporting event attendance is allowed to resume, most of the respondents will attend events in their home country within few weeks. In addition, the respondents from a country that experienced more severe consequences of the pandemic perceive all protective measures as more important than respondents from countries that were less affected.
{"title":"Getting back to the event: COVID-19, attendance and\u0000perceived importance of protective measures","authors":"Marko Perić, Nicholas Wise, R. Heydari, M. Keshtidar, J. Mekinc","doi":"10.26582/K.53.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.53.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Current COVID-19 realities impose additional challenges to sporting event organisers who now have to consider and include new protective measures for the safety and security of both active and passive participants. This study focuses on event consumers and issues related to their intention to attend future sporting events and their perception of how important they find some of the safety-related protective measures when attending sporting events following the COVID-19 crisis. Based on the empirical study of residents from one Middle East and two European countries, the results suggest that, once all restrictions on movement and sporting event attendance is allowed to resume, most of the respondents will attend events in their home country within few weeks. In addition, the respondents from a country that experienced more severe consequences of the pandemic perceive all protective measures as more important than respondents from countries that were less affected.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42621140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Futsal (FT) can be defined as a multiple sprint sport with intermittent high-intensity activities. It could be considered one of the most demanding team sports due to the FT player’s heart rate mean of approximately 90%, work to rest ratio of 1:1 and activity changes every three seconds. Besides, unlimited number of substitutions, size of the pitch, a smaller ball and constant proximity of the opponent that puts extremely high demands on FT players are the main characteristics of the game. With studies reporting that participating in a FT match provokes muscle damages and inflammations, with a high injury incidence, it is of vital necessity to examine the most efficient methods providing fast recovery of FT players between practice sessions and matches played. Research studies focused on recovery methods in other team sports such as basketball, volleyball, and rugby, among others, reported benefits of passive recovery (massage, water therapy, stretching), active recovery and nutritional techniques. However, for the best of the authors’ knowledge, a limited number of recovery methods has been provided for the game of FT. The most effective recovery methods for FT players are only found to be photobiomodulation therapy and optimal sleeping regimen. Thereby, the main aim of the current narrative review is to present available scientific literature of recovery methods that may have positive effects on FT players.
{"title":"Evidence-based recovery strategies in futsal","authors":"Tihana Nemčić, J. Calleja-González","doi":"10.26582/K.53.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.53.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Futsal (FT) can be defined as a multiple sprint sport with intermittent high-intensity activities. It could be considered one of the most demanding team sports due to the FT player’s heart rate mean of approximately 90%, work to rest ratio of 1:1 and activity\u0000changes every three seconds. Besides, unlimited number of substitutions, size of the pitch, a smaller ball and constant proximity of the opponent that puts extremely high demands on FT players are the main characteristics of the game. With studies reporting that participating in a FT match provokes muscle damages and inflammations, with a high injury incidence, it is of vital necessity to examine the most efficient methods providing fast recovery of FT players between practice sessions and matches played. Research studies focused on recovery methods in other team sports such as basketball, volleyball, and rugby, among others, reported benefits of passive recovery (massage, water therapy, stretching), active recovery and nutritional techniques. However, for the best of the authors’ knowledge, a limited number of recovery methods has been provided for the game of FT. The most effective recovery methods for FT players are only found to be photobiomodulation therapy and optimal sleeping regimen. Thereby, the main aim of the current narrative review is to present available scientific literature of recovery methods that may have positive effects on FT\u0000players.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46978592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonardo de Lucca, Fernando R Oliveira, C. Foster, L. Carminatti
The assessment of speech production difficulty has been used to control aerobic exercise intensity through the Talk Test method. The aim of this study was to compare the Talk Test variables to lactate thresholds using an incremental test. Thirteen male subjects performed an incremental cycle test to identify the first lactate threshold (LT1), second lactate threshold (LT2) and transition points of the Talk Test. During the incremental exercise test subjects read aloud a standard paragraph at the end of each stage. The last stage at which the subjects could talk comfortably, the first stage at which the subjects could not talk comfortably, and the first stage at which they definitely could not talk comfortably were referred to as the last positive (LP), equivocal (EQ) and negative stages (NEG), respectively. The power output (88±22W) and heart rate at the first lactate threshold (115±15 bpm) were significantly lower (p<.05) than the power output at the last positive (127±26 W) and heart rate (131+21 bpm) at the last positive. The power output and heart rate at the second lactate threshold (169.5 ± 22.6 W; 157 ± 14 bpm) were not significantly different (p=.195) from power output and heart rate at the equivocal (178.8± 30.3 W; 161 ± 15 bpm). The heart rate at the second lactate threshold and equivocal were significantly correlated (r=.57; p<.05). In conclusion, this study showed that the equivocal stage of the Talk Test can be used as a simple tool to indirectly identify the second lactate threshold in healthy men during cycling exercise. Keys words: exercise test, speech production, physiological thresholds
{"title":"Talk test: a simple alternative to identify lactate\u0000thresholds during progressive cycling exercise","authors":"Leonardo de Lucca, Fernando R Oliveira, C. Foster, L. Carminatti","doi":"10.26582/K.53.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.53.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of speech production difficulty has been used to control aerobic exercise intensity through the Talk Test method. The aim of this study was to compare the Talk Test variables to lactate thresholds using an incremental test. Thirteen male subjects performed an incremental cycle test to identify the first lactate threshold (LT1), second lactate threshold (LT2) and transition points of the Talk Test. During the incremental exercise test subjects read aloud a standard paragraph at the end of each stage. The last stage at which the subjects could talk comfortably, the first stage at which the subjects could not talk comfortably, and the first stage at which they definitely could not talk comfortably were referred to as the last positive (LP), equivocal (EQ) and negative stages (NEG), respectively. The power output (88±22W) and heart rate at the first lactate threshold (115±15 bpm) were significantly lower (p<.05) than the power output at the last positive (127±26 W) and heart rate (131+21 bpm) at the last positive. The power output and heart rate at the second lactate threshold (169.5 ± 22.6 W; 157 ± 14 bpm) were not significantly different (p=.195) from power output and heart rate at the equivocal (178.8± 30.3 W; 161 ± 15 bpm). The heart rate at the second lactate threshold and equivocal were significantly correlated (r=.57; p<.05). In conclusion, this study showed that the equivocal stage of the Talk Test can be used as a simple tool to indirectly identify the second lactate threshold in healthy men during cycling exercise.\u0000Keys words: exercise test, speech production, physiological thresholds","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46441932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henri Tilga, Hanna Kalajas-Tilga, V. Hein, L. Raudsepp, A. Koka
In line with the tenets of self-determination theory, the current study tested associations of perceived autonomy-supportive and controlling behaviour from PE teacher with adolescents’ leisure-time physical activity (LT PA) participation, and the role of need satisfaction and need frustration, autonomous motivation and controlled motivation in PE, and perceived effort towards LT PA as mediators of these associations. Adolescents (N=381) aged between 12 and 15 years completed self-reported measures of respective constructs. Results of the structural equation modelling demonstrated that perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour from PE teachers was related to adolescents’ LT PA participation only via experiences of need satisfaction and autonomous motivation in PE, and perceived effort towards LT PA. Perceived controlling behaviour from PE teachers was found to be related to adolescents’ LT PA participation only via experiences of need frustration and controlled motivation in PE, and perceived effort towards LT PA. The current study provided evidence that perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour and perceived controlling behaviour from PE teachers contributes to adolescents’ LT PA participation through unique pathways. Findings highlight the facilitative role of autonomy-supportive behaviour from teachers in a PE context on adolescents’ LT PA participation. In addition, the beneficial role of controlled motivation in PE, although instigated by students’ perceptions of controlling behaviour from teachers and experiences of need frustration in PE, on adolescents’ LT PA participation was supported.Key words: autonomy-supportive behaviour, controlling behaviour, psychological needs, autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, leisure-time physical activity
{"title":"How does perceived autonomy-supportive and controlling behaviour in physical education relate to adolescents’ leisure-time physical activity participation?","authors":"Henri Tilga, Hanna Kalajas-Tilga, V. Hein, L. Raudsepp, A. Koka","doi":"10.26582/K.52.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.52.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"In line with the tenets of self-determination theory, the current study tested associations of perceived autonomy-supportive and controlling behaviour from PE teacher with adolescents’ leisure-time physical activity (LT PA) participation, and the role of need satisfaction and need frustration, autonomous motivation and controlled motivation in PE, and perceived effort towards LT PA as mediators of these associations. Adolescents (N=381) aged between 12 and 15 years completed self-reported measures of respective constructs. Results of the structural equation modelling demonstrated that perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour from PE teachers was related to adolescents’ LT PA participation only via experiences of need satisfaction and autonomous motivation in PE, and perceived effort towards LT PA. Perceived controlling behaviour from PE teachers was found to be related to adolescents’ LT PA participation only via experiences of need frustration and controlled motivation in PE, and perceived effort towards LT PA. The current study provided evidence that perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour and perceived controlling behaviour from PE teachers contributes to adolescents’ LT PA participation through unique pathways. Findings highlight the facilitative role of autonomy-supportive behaviour from teachers in a PE context on adolescents’ LT PA participation. In addition, the beneficial role of controlled motivation in PE, although instigated by students’ perceptions of controlling behaviour from teachers and experiences of need frustration in PE, on adolescents’ LT PA participation was supported.Key words: autonomy-supportive behaviour, controlling behaviour, psychological needs, autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, leisure-time physical activity","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45140716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyzed the relationships between throwing velocity and anthropometric and fitness parameters in young female and male handball players of different ages. A total of 159 players participated: females under-16 (FU16, n=44) and under-14 (FU14, n=21); males under-16 (MU16, n=54) and under-14 (MU14, n=40). The following was measured: body height, arm span, body mass, total finger span, hand length, maximal isometric handgrip force, handball throwing velocity, 20-m sprints, countermovement jump, and change of direction. Group MU16 showed significantly (p<.05) greater values of anthropometric characteristics than groups FU16 and MU14. No significant differences were observed between FU14 and MU14 in any of the anthropometric variables analyzed, or between the two female groups (FU16 vs. FU14). MU16 showed significantly (p<.05) better performance in all fitness parameters than FU16 and MU14. No significant differences were observed between FU14 and MU14 or between FU16 and FU14. Throwing performance correlated (p<.05) with almost all the anthropometric and fitness parameters evaluated within each group. Taken together, male handball players showed greater anthropometric and fitness characteristics in the U16 compared to the U14, whereas no substantial differences were observed in female handball players between the two groups. Handball throwing velocity is associated with body and hand dimensions and other physical performance parameters.
{"title":"Sex and standard levels differences in anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics in youth handball players","authors":"M. Ortega-Becerra, F. Pareja-Blanco","doi":"10.26582/k.52.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.52.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the relationships between throwing velocity and anthropometric and fitness parameters in young female and male handball players of different ages. A total of 159 players participated: females under-16 (FU16, n=44) and under-14 (FU14, n=21); males under-16 (MU16, n=54) and under-14 (MU14, n=40). The following was measured: body height, arm span, body mass, total finger span, hand length, maximal isometric handgrip force, handball throwing velocity, 20-m sprints, countermovement jump, and change of direction. Group MU16 showed significantly (p<.05) greater values of anthropometric characteristics than groups FU16 and MU14. No significant differences were observed between FU14 and MU14 in any of the anthropometric variables analyzed, or between the two female groups (FU16 vs. FU14). MU16 showed significantly (p<.05) better performance in all fitness parameters than FU16 and MU14. No significant differences were observed between FU14 and MU14 or between FU16 and FU14. Throwing performance correlated (p<.05) with almost all the anthropometric and fitness parameters evaluated within each group. Taken together, male handball players showed greater anthropometric and fitness characteristics in the U16 compared to the U14, whereas no substantial differences were observed in female handball players between the two groups. Handball throwing velocity is associated with body and hand dimensions and other physical performance parameters.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42052017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Júlio Cesar Lemes, R. Guerreiro, Victor Alberice de Oliveira Rodrigues, S. Bredt, Laura Beatriz Faleiro Diniz, M. H. Chagas, G. Praça
This study aimed to compare the physical responses of soccer players with different levels of specific endurance during SSG performed by teams balanced according to athletes’ specific endurance. Eighteen U-17 athletes from a team that participated in national competitions took part in this study. The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YIRT2) was used to measure the athletes’ specific endurance. Then, athletes were allocated to two groups balanced according to their positional status and YIRT2 scores: in Group1 players with the highest results in the YIRT2 and in Group 2 with the lower YIRT2 scores. Athletes played two four-minute bouts of 3vs.3 small-sided games with goalkeepers with four minutes of passive rest. Total distance covered, average speed, and accelerations were obtained by GPS devices carried by each player. Group 1 presented higher total distance covered (large effect size), higher average speed (large effect size), and higher total distance covered in accelerations above 1 m·s-2 (moderate effect size), compared to Group 2. We concluded that specific endurance can partially influence physical responses of young soccer athletes during small-sided games. This information is important to appropriately prescribe small-sided games during the training process, possibly by grouping together athletes with similar specific endurance and, therefore, promoting an adequate stimulus to better-conditioned athletes.
{"title":"Effect of specific endurance on the physical responses of young athletes during soccer small-sided games","authors":"Júlio Cesar Lemes, R. Guerreiro, Victor Alberice de Oliveira Rodrigues, S. Bredt, Laura Beatriz Faleiro Diniz, M. H. Chagas, G. Praça","doi":"10.26582/K.52.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.52.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"This\u0000study aimed to compare the physical responses of soccer players with different\u0000levels of specific endurance during SSG performed by teams balanced according\u0000to athletes’ specific endurance. Eighteen U-17 athletes from a team that\u0000participated in national competitions took part in this study. The Yo-Yo\u0000Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YIRT2) was used to measure the athletes’\u0000specific endurance. Then, athletes were allocated to two groups balanced\u0000according to their positional status and YIRT2 scores: in Group1 players with\u0000the highest results in the YIRT2 and in Group 2 with the lower YIRT2 scores.\u0000Athletes played two four-minute bouts of 3vs.3\u0000small-sided games with goalkeepers with four minutes of passive rest. Total\u0000distance covered, average speed, and accelerations were obtained by GPS devices\u0000carried by each player. Group 1 presented higher total distance covered (large\u0000effect size), higher average speed (large effect size), and higher total\u0000distance covered in accelerations above 1 m·s-2 (moderate\u0000effect size), compared to Group 2. We concluded that specific endurance can partially\u0000influence physical responses of young soccer athletes during small-sided games.\u0000This information is important to appropriately prescribe small-sided games\u0000during the training process, possibly by grouping together athletes with\u0000similar specific endurance and, therefore, promoting an adequate stimulus to\u0000better-conditioned athletes.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44798384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ribeiro, H. Corrêa, Lívia Kelly Barbosa Lima, Maria Barroso Costa Filha, S. L. A. Neto, E. Barros, A. Ferreira
Knowing running speed, particularly by means of easy-to-apply tests and low cost, is important for the definition of the race strategy and the most appropriate training throughout the preparation period. The aim was to compare the agreement and reproducibility of critical velocity (CV), anaerobic threshold (AT), and the simulated time trial on the track for the determination of the running speed in a 10-km race in amateur runners. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 34 runners of both genders aged 42.4±11.0 years. We measured their CV, assessed their body composition and AT. Participants performed also a simulated time trial on a 10-km running track and an official 10-km race. The delta of the comparisons and the standard error of estimate between the running velocities determined by the CV, AT, and the simulated time trial on the track ranged from 0.55 to -0.79 km/h and 0.14 to 0.59 km/h, respectively. Furthermore, CV and AT were compared to the 10-km running speed. Good agreement and reproducibility were observed between the velocities determined by the CV, AT, and the simulated time trial on the track with the real-time of a 10-km official race.
{"title":"Agreement and reproducibility of field and laboratory tests in the prediction of running speed in a 10-km race in amateur runners","authors":"H. Ribeiro, H. Corrêa, Lívia Kelly Barbosa Lima, Maria Barroso Costa Filha, S. L. A. Neto, E. Barros, A. Ferreira","doi":"10.26582/K.52.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.52.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Knowing running speed, particularly by means of easy-to-apply tests and\u0000low cost, is important for the definition of the race strategy and the most\u0000appropriate training throughout the preparation period. The aim was to compare\u0000the agreement and reproducibility of critical velocity (CV), anaerobic threshold\u0000(AT), and the simulated time trial on the track for the determination of the\u0000running speed in a 10-km race in amateur runners. A cross-sectional study was\u0000conducted with 34 runners of both genders aged 42.4±11.0 years. We measured\u0000their CV, assessed their body composition and AT. Participants performed also a\u0000simulated time trial on a 10-km running track and an official 10-km race. The\u0000delta of the comparisons and the standard error of estimate between the running\u0000velocities determined by the CV, AT, and the simulated time trial on the track\u0000ranged from 0.55 to -0.79 km/h and 0.14 to 0.59 km/h, respectively.\u0000Furthermore, CV and AT were compared to the 10-km running speed. Good agreement\u0000and reproducibility were observed between the velocities determined by the CV,\u0000AT, and the simulated time trial on the track with the real-time of a 10-km\u0000official race.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43209112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated whether there is more matching in personality traits, emotional intelligence and social skills in better–performing dance couples than in their less successful counterparts and if better and worse dancers individually have more equivalent personality traits, emotional intelligence and social skill. 30 dance couples (i.e. 30 male and 30 female dancers) performing Latin and standard dances at a competitive level were included in the study. Among the measured metrics were: personality traits (using the Big Five Questionnaire), social skills (using the Interpersonal Skills Questionnaire) and emotional intelligence (using the Emotional Competence Questionnaire). When comparing differences between couples, results showed that better dance couples are more orderly, agreeable and conscientious than worse dance couples. Whereas worse dance couples seem to be more open. When comparing differences between dancers, results showed that better–performing dancers tend to be older, more experienced, with a higher »competitive mileage« and better–trained bodies, are more diligent, firmly believe in their success, are confident in attaining their goals and are more highly motivated. They are also more emotionally stable – a trait that stems from their maturity and long years of competing. Findings obtained by our study will certainly allow us to view competitive dancers from a different, as of yet undiscovered and potentially deeper viewpoint of psychology. One of the practical aspects of our research lies in understanding how to keep dance couples together longer, allowing dancers to perform in unison for longer periods than would be otherwise possible.
{"title":"Matching of personality traits, emotional intelligence and social skills among dance partners in competitive dancing","authors":"T. Šifrar, Kim Majoranc, T. Kajtna","doi":"10.26582/k.52.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.52.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated whether there is more matching in personality traits, emotional intelligence and social skills in better–performing dance couples than in their less successful counterparts and if better and worse dancers individually have more equivalent personality traits, emotional intelligence and social skill. 30 dance couples (i.e. 30 male and 30 female dancers) performing Latin and standard dances at a competitive level were included in the study. Among the measured metrics were: personality traits (using the Big Five Questionnaire), social skills (using the Interpersonal Skills Questionnaire) and emotional intelligence (using the Emotional Competence Questionnaire). When comparing differences between couples, results showed that better dance couples are more orderly, agreeable and conscientious than worse dance couples. Whereas worse dance couples seem to be more open. When comparing differences between dancers, results showed that better–performing dancers tend to be older, more experienced, with a higher »competitive mileage« and better–trained bodies, are more diligent, firmly believe in their success, are confident in attaining their goals and are more highly motivated. They are also more emotionally stable – a trait that stems from their maturity and long years of competing. Findings obtained by our study will certainly allow us to view competitive dancers from a different, as of yet undiscovered and potentially deeper viewpoint of psychology. One of the practical aspects of our research lies in understanding how to keep dance couples together longer, allowing dancers to perform in unison for longer periods than would be otherwise possible.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41567461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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