Knowing the current status of rhythmic gymnasts’ motor abilities allows a valid objective evaluation of their competitive preparedness and facilitate planning of their further development. The main objective was to determine possible differences in motor abilities of rhythmic gymnasts regarding program level they were competing in, their age and national ranking. Three groups of junior rhythmic gymnasts, competing in either A, B, or C level programs, were investigated. Both the multivariate analysis of variance and univariate analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences in the selected motor abilities regarding the program level (flexibility, strength and coordination). A-level rhythmic gymnasts scored best in all the tests assessing flexibility, coordination and strength. The differences in motor abilities between junior rhythmic gymnasts with regard to their national ranking showed no statistical significance, whereas age was statistically significant. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed significant relations between certain motor abilities among rhythmic gymnasts in A, B and C level programs. The higher the level of a program, the higher the correlatives, and vice versa. Two tests had the largest contribution to the success achieved in the competition: the figure of eight with bending and forward bent on the bench. The scientific value of the proposed research is aimed at better planning, programming and control of training process in rhythmic gymnastics.
{"title":"Motor abilities’ model values of junior\u0000rhythmic gymnasts in the Republic of Croatia","authors":"J. Radas, Marita Ukić, G. Furjan-Mandić","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Knowing the current status of\u0000rhythmic gymnasts’ motor abilities allows a valid objective evaluation of their\u0000competitive preparedness and facilitate planning of their further development.\u0000The main objective was to determine possible differences in motor abilities of\u0000rhythmic gymnasts regarding program level they were competing in, their age and\u0000national ranking. Three groups of junior rhythmic gymnasts, competing in either\u0000A, B, or C level programs, were investigated. Both the multivariate analysis of\u0000variance and univariate analysis of variance showed statistically significant\u0000differences in the selected motor abilities regarding the program level\u0000(flexibility, strength and coordination). A-level rhythmic gymnasts scored best\u0000in all the tests assessing flexibility, coordination and strength. The\u0000differences in motor abilities between junior rhythmic gymnasts with regard to\u0000their national ranking showed no statistical significance, whereas age was\u0000statistically significant. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed\u0000significant relations between certain motor abilities among rhythmic gymnasts\u0000in A, B and C level programs. The higher the level of a program, the higher the\u0000correlatives, and vice versa. Two tests had the largest contribution to the\u0000success achieved in the competition: the figure of eight with bending and forward\u0000bent on the bench. The scientific value of the proposed research is aimed at\u0000better planning, programming and control of training process in rhythmic\u0000gymnastics.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48718322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Yi, Miguel-Ángel Gómez, Hongyou Liu, J. Sampaio
The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between the variation of match variables and teams’ match performance. Data from all 768 matches played at the group stage of the UEFA Champions League from season 2009/1010 to 2016/2017 were analysed. The non-clinical magnitude-based inferences were used to identify the differences of technical variation between the teams. Autocorrelation function, correlation analysis and generalised linear model were used to examine the relationships between the variation of match variables and teams’ match performance. Results showed that the qualified teams demonstrated a more stable match performance on the variables related to goal scoring, attacking and passing, while the non-qualified teams displayed a more stable match performance on the variables related to defending. The coefficients of variation (CV) of all the variables related to goal scoring and the variables related to attacking and passing showed negative relationships with the teams’ match performance, while the CVs of the variables related to defending showed positive relationships with the teams’ match performance. Findings of this study can provide useful information about the fluctuation of match variables, contributing to the development of specific training interventions to enhance teams’ performance in key indicators.
{"title":"Variation of match statistics and football teams’ match performance in the group stage\u0000of the UEFA Champions League from 2010 to 2017","authors":"Qing Yi, Miguel-Ángel Gómez, Hongyou Liu, J. Sampaio","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The\u0000aim of this study was to identify the relationships between the variation of\u0000match variables and teams’ match performance. Data from all 768 matches played at\u0000the group stage of the UEFA Champions League from season\u00002009/1010 to\u00002016/2017 were analysed. The non-clinical magnitude-based inferences were used\u0000to identify the differences of technical variation between the teams. Autocorrelation\u0000function, correlation analysis and generalised linear model were used to\u0000examine the relationships between the variation of match variables and teams’\u0000match performance. Results showed that the qualified teams demonstrated\u0000a more stable match performance on the variables related to goal scoring,\u0000attacking and\u0000passing, while the non-qualified teams displayed a more stable match\u0000performance on the variables related to defending. The coefficients of\u0000variation (CV) of all the variables related to goal scoring and\u0000the variables\u0000related to attacking and passing showed negative relationships with the\u0000teams’ match performance, while the CVs of the variables\u0000related to\u0000defending showed positive relationships with the teams’ match performance. Findings\u0000of this study can provide useful information about the fluctuation of match\u0000variables, contributing to the development of specific training\u0000interventions to enhance teams’ performance in key indicators.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46580334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guilherme Machado, M. Padilha, S. G. Víllora, F. Clemente, Israel Teoldo
In soccer, different tactical behaviours of individuals are necessary to perform well as a team. The demands put on players from different positional roles can be manipulated in training through small-sided and conditioned games and tactical behaviours might be stimulated. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of positional role in tactical behaviour of U-17 youth soccer players based on core tactical principles in a four-a-side small-sided and conditioned game. The sample was comprised of 268 U-17 youth Brazilian soccer players. They were of five positional roles: centre backs; fullbacks; defensive midfielders; offensive midfielders; and forwards. The instrument used to collect and analyse data was the System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT). Results revealed that players of different positional roles showed no differences in the quantity of tactical actions performed. Moreover, forwards showed lower quality of tactical behaviour in the defensive phase (M=69.1, SD=16.0; p<.05) compared to fullbacks (M=77.0, SD=13.1; p<.05) and worse in actions far from the ball that ensured team cohesion in the defensive phase (M=69.7, SD=22.8; p<.05) compared to fullbacks (M=80.1, SD=18.4; p<.05). This study showed that the four-a-side format allows U-17 players to perform a similar quantity of tactical actions regardless of their positional role, but the player’s positional role influence quality of their tactical behaviour. Therefore, this structure might be used for trainings that promotes similar tasks and stimuli for players’ development that do not focus on specific tactical roles.
{"title":"The effects of positional role on tactical behaviour in a four-a-side small-sided and conditioned soccer game","authors":"Guilherme Machado, M. Padilha, S. G. Víllora, F. Clemente, Israel Teoldo","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"In soccer, different tactical behaviours of individuals are necessary to perform well as a team. The demands put on players from different positional roles can be manipulated in training through small-sided and conditioned games and tactical behaviours might be stimulated. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of positional role in tactical behaviour of U-17 youth soccer players based on core tactical principles in a four-a-side small-sided and conditioned game. The sample was comprised of 268 U-17 youth Brazilian soccer players. They were of five positional roles: centre backs; fullbacks; defensive midfielders; offensive midfielders; and forwards. The instrument used to collect and analyse data was the System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT). Results revealed that players of different positional roles showed no differences in the quantity of tactical actions performed. Moreover, forwards showed lower quality of tactical behaviour in the defensive phase (M=69.1, SD=16.0; p<.05) compared to fullbacks (M=77.0, SD=13.1; p<.05) and worse in actions far from the ball that ensured team cohesion in the defensive phase (M=69.7, SD=22.8; p<.05) compared to fullbacks (M=80.1, SD=18.4; p<.05). This study showed that the four-a-side format allows U-17 players to perform a similar quantity of tactical actions regardless of their positional role, but the player’s positional role influence quality of their tactical behaviour. Therefore, this structure might be used for trainings that promotes similar tasks and stimuli for players’ development that do not focus on specific tactical roles.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Rivilla-García, Alejandro Muñoz Moreno, Jorge Lorenzo, R. Tillaar, A. Navandar
Although it is well established that velocity of execution is an important performance factor in ball sports and the presence of opposition influences it, there has been no research done to date on the ball velocity in padel shots. The overhead smash is one of the most successful shots in this sport, and the present study aimed to study the effect of opposition on smash performance in semi-professional and amateur padel players. Forty-four semi-professional (n=14) and amateur (n=30) players volunteered to participate in this study. The overhead smash velocity was recorded for both groups of players with and without opposition using a radar gun. The ball velocity decreased in both groups of players in the presence of opposition (from 133.1±8.2 km·h-1 to 120.72±9.8 km·h-1 in semi-professional players; and from 124.6±9.2 km·h-1 to 104.5±10.0 km·h-1 in amateurs, p<.001). Although the semi-professional players achieved a greater velocity in both situations (p<.001) compared to amateurs, the reduction of velocity in the presence of opposition was greater in the amateurs (p<.001). The greater velocities for the semi-professional padel players could be attributed to a technical and tactical superiority due to their greater experience and higher level of competition. Simulating conditions of opposition could help reduce the velocity-precision trade-off, helping the players increase their overhead smash velocities.
{"title":"Influence of the opposition on overhead smash velocity in padel players","authors":"J. Rivilla-García, Alejandro Muñoz Moreno, Jorge Lorenzo, R. Tillaar, A. Navandar","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is well established\u0000that velocity of execution is an important performance factor in ball sports\u0000and the presence of opposition influences it, there has been no research done\u0000to date on the ball velocity in padel shots. The overhead smash is one of the\u0000most successful shots in this sport, and the present study aimed to study the\u0000effect of opposition on smash performance in semi-professional and amateur\u0000padel players. Forty-four semi-professional (n=14) and amateur (n=30) players\u0000volunteered to participate in this study. The overhead smash velocity was\u0000recorded for both groups of players with and without opposition using a radar\u0000gun. The ball velocity decreased in both groups of players in the presence of\u0000opposition (from 133.1±8.2 km·h-1 to 120.72±9.8 km·h-1\u0000in semi-professional players; and from 124.6±9.2 km·h-1 to\u0000104.5±10.0 km·h-1 in amateurs, p<.001). Although the\u0000semi-professional players achieved a greater velocity in both situations\u0000(p<.001) compared to amateurs, the reduction of velocity in the presence of\u0000opposition was greater in the amateurs (p<.001). The greater velocities for\u0000the semi-professional padel players could be attributed to a technical and\u0000tactical superiority due to their greater experience and higher level of\u0000competition. Simulating conditions of opposition could help reduce the\u0000velocity-precision trade-off, helping the players increase their overhead smash\u0000velocities.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46391089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davoncie M. Granderson, C. Camic, Peter J. Chomentowski, S. Howell, E. Sebastião
The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of the handheld Nova Max Plus blood glucose monitor during an oral glucose tolerance test and 60-minute bout of exercise. Thirty subjects (mean age±SD=22.3±1.9 years; body mass=77.6±14.2 kg) volunteered for an oral glucose tolerance test or 60-minute treadmill test. Blood glucose concentrations were measured from the fingertip at six time points during both tests. The reference method of blood glucose analysis was the Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) 2300. Our results indicated that the blood glucose values provided by the Nova Max Plus were significantly (p<.05) greater than the YSI 2300 at all-time points of the oral glucose tolerance test and treadmill test. In addition, the Nova Max Plus exhibited an overall mean absolute relative deviation (±SD) of 9.0 (±7.0) and did not meet the 95% accuracy requirements of ISO 15197:2013. The Bland-Altman plot for constant error (YSI 2300 – Nova Max Plus) versus the reference method (YSI 2300) indicated an average negative bias (-8.2 mg·dL-1) that increased (r=-0.23) at higher blood glucose values. Intra-device reliability analyses for the Nova Max Plus demonstrated the ICC was R=0.99 and CV=3.0%, with no mean differences between the test and retest values. These findings suggested that the Nova Max Plus provided highly reliable, yet inaccurate blood glucose values compared to the YSI 2300 during the dynamic conditions associated with an oral glucose tolerance test and exercise.
本研究的目的是检验手持式Nova Max Plus血糖监测仪在口服葡萄糖耐量试验和60分钟运动期间的有效性和可靠性。30例(平均年龄±SD=22.3±1.9岁;体重=77.6±14.2 kg)的志愿者接受了口服葡萄糖耐量试验或60分钟跑步机试验。在两项试验中，从指尖在六个时间点测量血糖浓度。血糖分析参考方法为黄泉仪器(YSI) 2300。我们的研究结果表明，在口服葡萄糖耐量试验和跑步机试验的所有时间点，Nova Max Plus提供的血糖值显著(p< 0.05)高于YSI 2300。此外，Nova Max Plus的总体平均绝对相对偏差(±SD)为9.0(±7.0)，不符合ISO 15197:2013 95%的精度要求。恒定误差(YSI2300 - Nova Max Plus)与参考方法(YSI2300)的Bland-Altman图显示，在血糖值较高时，平均负偏差(-8.2 mg·dL-1)增加(r=-0.23)。NovaMax Plus的设备内可靠性分析表明，ICC的R=0.99, CV=3.0%，测试值和重新测试值之间没有平均差异。这些发现表明，在与口服葡萄糖耐量试验和运动相关的动态条件下，与YSI 2300相比，Nova Max Plus提供了高度可靠但不准确的血糖值。
{"title":"Validity and reliability of a handheld blood glucose monitor during exercise and an oral glucose tolerance test","authors":"Davoncie M. Granderson, C. Camic, Peter J. Chomentowski, S. Howell, E. Sebastião","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was\u0000to examine the validity and reliability of the handheld Nova Max Plus blood\u0000glucose monitor during an oral glucose tolerance test and 60-minute bout of\u0000exercise. Thirty subjects (mean age±SD=22.3±1.9 years; body mass=77.6±14.2 kg)\u0000volunteered for an oral glucose tolerance test or 60-minute treadmill test. Blood\u0000glucose concentrations were measured from the fingertip at six time points\u0000during both tests. The reference method of blood glucose analysis was the\u0000Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) 2300. Our results indicated that the blood\u0000glucose values provided by the Nova Max Plus were significantly (p<.05) greater\u0000than the YSI 2300 at all-time points of the oral glucose tolerance test and\u0000treadmill test. In addition, the Nova Max Plus exhibited an overall mean\u0000absolute relative deviation (±SD) of 9.0 (±7.0) and did not meet the 95% accuracy\u0000requirements of ISO 15197:2013. The Bland-Altman plot for constant error (YSI\u00002300 – Nova Max Plus) versus the reference method (YSI 2300) indicated an\u0000average negative bias (-8.2 mg·dL-1) that increased (r=-0.23)\u0000at higher blood glucose values. Intra-device reliability analyses for the Nova\u0000Max Plus demonstrated the ICC was R=0.99\u0000and CV=3.0%, with no mean differences between the test and retest values. These\u0000findings suggested that the Nova Max Plus provided highly reliable, yet\u0000inaccurate blood glucose values compared to the YSI 2300 during the dynamic\u0000conditions associated with an oral glucose tolerance test and exercise.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43639401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Milanović, I. Jukić, Marin Dadić, V. Vučetić, D. Šentija
The aim of the study was to establish possible differences in both aerobic and anaerobic fitness parameters among different positions (point guards, guards and small forwards, and power forwards and centers) in basketball. Based on previous research on certain differences among play positions in basketball, aerobic and anaerobic fitness capacity values of basketballers in different positions were analyzed. Seventy adult basketball players (age 24.37±4.05 years) from the Croatian Division 1 league were classified as point guards (n=20), shooting guards and small forwards (n=26), and power forwards and centers (n=24). Six variables of cardiopulmonary function were obtained using spirometry and spiroergometry test. Regarding aerobic abilities, a significant difference among the three positions was found only in the VO2max parameters (p=.00) in favor of power forwards and centers (5.55± 0.6 l/min) when compared to point guards (4.7± 0.6 l/min) and shooting guards and small forwards (5.01±0.6 l/min). No significant difference was found in the Croatian basketballers’ anaerobic capacity parameters among the three different play positions.
{"title":"Is there any difference in fitness profiles\u0000among the Croatian basketball players?","authors":"L. Milanović, I. Jukić, Marin Dadić, V. Vučetić, D. Šentija","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to establish possible differences in both\u0000aerobic and anaerobic fitness parameters among different positions (point\u0000guards, guards and small forwards, and power forwards and centers) in\u0000basketball. Based on previous research on certain differences among play\u0000positions in basketball, aerobic and anaerobic fitness capacity values of\u0000basketballers in different positions were analyzed. Seventy adult basketball\u0000players (age 24.37±4.05 years) from the Croatian Division 1 league were\u0000classified as point guards (n=20), shooting guards and small forwards (n=26),\u0000and power forwards and centers (n=24). Six\u0000variables of cardiopulmonary function were obtained using spirometry and\u0000spiroergometry test. Regarding aerobic abilities, a significant\u0000difference among the three positions was found only in the VO2max\u0000parameters (p=.00) in favor of power forwards and centers (5.55± 0.6 l/min) when compared\u0000to point guards (4.7±\u00000.6 l/min) and shooting guards and small forwards (5.01±0.6 l/min). No\u0000significant difference was found in the Croatian basketballers’ anaerobic\u0000capacity parameters among the three different play positions.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47505645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonatas Ferreira da Silva Santos, T. Herrera-Valenzuela, E. Franchini
Recently, the Frequency Speed of Kick Test (FSKT10s) and its intermittent version (5 x 10s/10s intervals, FSKTmult) have been used to assess physical fitness of taekwondo athletes, but no classificatory normative table was found for these tests. Thus, the aim of the study was to present two normative classificatory tables for both the FSKT10s and FSKTmult for male and female taekwondo athletes. One hundred fifteen male taekwondo athletes (median [interquartile range] age: 20 [17;27] years; body height: 175 [170;182] cm; body mass: 67 [60;78] kg; experience time: 6 [3;10] years) and seventy female taekwondo athletes (median [interquartile range] age: 19 [(17;24] years; body height: 162 [157;169] cm; body mass: 57 [50;64] kg; experience time: 5 [3;9] years) volunteered to participate in the study. Their skills ranged between 4th gub and 2nd dan. All the participants were evaluated during their competitive period and were familiarized with this test. The classificatory tables are presented in five scales, as follows: excellent (≥95th percentile); good (>75th percentile up to 94th percentile); regular (>25th percentile up to 74th percentile); poor (>6th percentile up to 24th percentile); and very poor (≤5th percentile). The classificatory tables for FSKT10s and FSKTmult can help coaches and strength and conditioning professionals to classify performance and monitor the physical fitness of taekwondo athletes in different stages of training and during the competitive season.
{"title":"Establishing frequency speed of kick test classificatory tables in male and female taekwondo athletes","authors":"Jonatas Ferreira da Silva Santos, T. Herrera-Valenzuela, E. Franchini","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Recently,\u0000the Frequency Speed of Kick Test (FSKT10s) and its intermittent\u0000version (5 x 10s/10s intervals, FSKTmult) have been used to assess\u0000physical fitness of taekwondo athletes, but no classificatory normative table\u0000was found for these tests. Thus, the aim of the study was to present two\u0000normative classificatory tables for both the FSKT10s and FSKTmult\u0000for male and female taekwondo athletes. One hundred fifteen male taekwondo athletes (median [interquartile range] age: 20 [17;27] years; body\u0000height: 175 [170;182] cm; body mass: 67 [60;78] kg;\u0000experience time: 6 [3;10] years) and seventy female taekwondo athletes\u0000(median [interquartile\u0000range] age: 19 [(17;24]\u0000years; body height:\u0000162 [157;169] cm; body mass: 57 [50;64] kg;\u0000experience time: 5 [3;9] years) volunteered to participate in the\u0000study. Their skills ranged between 4th\u0000gub\u0000and 2nd dan. All the participants were evaluated\u0000during their competitive period and were familiarized with this test. The\u0000classificatory tables are presented in five scales, as follows: excellent (≥95th percentile); good (>75th\u0000percentile up to 94th percentile); regular\u0000(>25th percentile up to 74th percentile); poor (>6th percentile up to 24th\u0000percentile); and very poor (≤5th\u0000percentile). The classificatory tables for FSKT10s\u0000and FSKTmult can help coaches and strength and conditioning\u0000professionals to classify performance and monitor the physical fitness of\u0000taekwondo athletes in different stages of training and during the competitive\u0000season.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46452140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Raimundo, K. M. Pires, A. C. Padilha, R. Penteado, Felipe D Lisbôa, D. M. Ribeiro, F. Caputo
Custom-made mouthguards are used to prevent orofacial injuries arising from falls and knocks. It has been observed that thicker custom-made mouthguards transmit less force to the mouth owing to their higher energy absorption capacity. However, it is believed that thicker custom-made mouthguards can alter ventilation during exercise because of the higher resistance or restriction of oral airflow. The purpose of this study was to investigate if a thicker custom-made mouthguard (occlusal thickness of 5 mm; 5MG) alters ventilatory parameters, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and peak velocity during an incremental test relative to a thinner custom-made mouthguard (occlusal thickness of 3 mm; 3MG) and no mouthguard (NoMG). Eleven male amateur contact team sports players completed three running incremental tests on different days. Each test was performed with either 3MG, 5MG, or without a mouthguard. The peak velocity during the incremental test was similar between the different conditions (14.9±0.6, 14.9±0.7, and 14.7±0.9 km·h-1 for NoMG, 3MG, and 5MG, respectively). Furthermore, no differences were found in the peaks of pulmonary oxygen uptake, minute ventilation and respiratory frequency, or second ventilatory threshold. RPE was higher when wearing 5MG than when running without a mouthguard only at the 12.5 km·h-1 stage (P=.03). These data indicate that wearing custom-made mouthguards with occlusal thicknesses between 3 mm and 5 mm does not alter ventilatory parameters at the end of an incremental test. Thus, custom-made mouthguards with an occlusal thickness of 5 mm should be preferred owing to their greater protection capacity.
{"title":"Influence of occlusal thickness of custom-made mouthguards on ventilatory parameters, rate of perceived exertion, and peak velocity attained during an incremental test","authors":"J. Raimundo, K. M. Pires, A. C. Padilha, R. Penteado, Felipe D Lisbôa, D. M. Ribeiro, F. Caputo","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Custom-made mouthguards are used to prevent orofacial injuries arising from falls and knocks. It has been observed that thicker custom-made mouthguards transmit less force to the mouth owing to their higher energy absorption capacity. However, it is believed that thicker custom-made mouthguards can alter ventilation during exercise because of the higher resistance or restriction of oral airflow. The purpose of this study was to investigate if a thicker custom-made mouthguard (occlusal thickness of 5 mm; 5MG) alters ventilatory parameters, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and peak velocity during an incremental test relative to a thinner custom-made mouthguard (occlusal thickness of 3 mm; 3MG) and no mouthguard (NoMG). Eleven male amateur contact team sports players completed three running incremental tests on different days. Each test was performed with either 3MG, 5MG, or without a mouthguard. The peak velocity during the incremental test was similar between the different conditions (14.9±0.6, 14.9±0.7, and 14.7±0.9 km·h-1 for NoMG, 3MG, and 5MG, respectively). Furthermore, no differences were found in the peaks of pulmonary oxygen uptake, minute ventilation and respiratory frequency, or second ventilatory threshold. RPE was higher when wearing 5MG than when running without a mouthguard only at the 12.5 km·h-1 stage (P=.03). These data indicate that wearing custom-made mouthguards with occlusal thicknesses between 3 mm and 5 mm does not alter ventilatory parameters at the end of an incremental test. Thus, custom-made mouthguards with an occlusal thickness of 5 mm should be preferred owing to their greater protection capacity.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Arney, R. Glover, Andrea Fusco, C. Cortis, J. Koning, T. V. Erp, Salvador J. Jaime, R. Mikat, J. Porcari, C. Foster
The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an important measure of exercise intensity, which is useful both as a primary and adjunctive method of exercise prescription. However, there are multiple variants of the Borg RPE scale, primarily the Borg 6-20 RPE scale (BORG-RPE) and the Borg Category-Ratio-10 scale (BORG-CR10). There are inadequate data available to address the comparability and interchangeability of these two widely used scales. Well-trained non-athletes performed two increment cycle tests, with each scale used in a random sequence. Subjects also performed interval sessions at three intensities (50, 75 and 85% of peak power output) with each scale used in a random sequence. There were very large correlations during the incremental exercise between the conventional physiological measures (% heart rate reserve – r=0.89 & r=.87); and %VO2reserve (r=.88 & r=.90) and RPE measured by either the BORG-RPE or the BORGCR10, respectively. This pattern was also evident during the interval exercise (% heart rate reserve (r=.85 & r=.84; and blood lactate concentration – r=.74 & r=.78) and RPE measured by either the BORG-RPE or the BORG-CR10, respectively. The relationship between RPE measured by the BORG-RPE and the BORGCR10 was large and best described by a non-linear relationship for both the incremental (R2=89) and the interval (R2=.89) exercise. The incremental and interval curves were virtually overlapping. We concluded that the two most popular versions of the RPE scale, BORG-RPE and BORG-CR10, were both highly related to the conventional physiological measures and very strongly related to each other, with an easily described conversion.
{"title":"Comparison of rating of perceived exertion scales during incremental and interval exercise","authors":"B. Arney, R. Glover, Andrea Fusco, C. Cortis, J. Koning, T. V. Erp, Salvador J. Jaime, R. Mikat, J. Porcari, C. Foster","doi":"10.26582/K.51.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/K.51.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an important measure of exercise intensity, which is useful both as a primary and adjunctive method of exercise prescription. However, there are multiple variants of the Borg RPE scale, primarily the Borg 6-20 RPE scale (BORG-RPE) and the Borg Category-Ratio-10 scale (BORG-CR10). There are inadequate data available to address the comparability and interchangeability of these two widely used scales. Well-trained non-athletes performed two increment cycle tests, with each scale used in a random sequence. Subjects also performed interval sessions at three intensities (50, 75 and 85% of peak power output) with each scale used in a random sequence. There were very large correlations during the incremental exercise between the conventional physiological measures (% heart rate reserve – r=0.89 & r=.87); and %VO2reserve (r=.88 & r=.90) and RPE measured by either the BORG-RPE or the BORGCR10, respectively. This pattern was also evident during the interval exercise (% heart rate reserve (r=.85 & r=.84; and blood lactate concentration – r=.74 & r=.78) and RPE measured by either the BORG-RPE or the BORG-CR10, respectively. The relationship between RPE measured by the BORG-RPE and the BORGCR10 was large and best described by a non-linear relationship for both the incremental (R2=89) and the interval (R2=.89) exercise. The incremental and interval curves were virtually overlapping. We concluded that the two most popular versions of the RPE scale, BORG-RPE and BORG-CR10, were both highly related to the conventional physiological measures and very strongly related to each other, with an easily described conversion.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/K.51.2.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45447514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Viciana, D. Mayorga-Vega, Maribel Parra-Saldías
A decline in adolescents’ moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the increase in their sedentary behavior (SB) have been registered all over the world. In order to increase the MVPA and reduce the SB of adolescents, their day has been analyzed by segments of time, verifying the contribution of each to the daily recommendation of 60 minutes/day. Previous studies have been centered only in physical activity markers, but the SB variables were not compared nor the segments of the school-recess with the out-of-school period or with the weekend. This study aimed to examine the intra- and inter-days differences in the objectively measured levels of PA and SB in adolescents. A sample of 156 Chilean school students (87 boys and 69 girls; M age=13.41; SD=.67 years) participated in the present study. Participants’ PA and SB were objectively measured by a GT3X accelerometer. Overall results showed that only 14% and 9% of Chilean adolescents achieved the daily recommendation of 60 minutes of MVPA on weekdays and the weekend, respectively. School recess was found the best moment for developing MVPA, followed by out-of-school time, and ending with weekend days presenting the worst scenario. Regarding the SB, Chilean adolescents were involved in SB 69.39% of the time on weekdays, and over 70% during the weekend. Different strategies are discussed in order to increase the MVPA and to decrease SB in each segment of a day.
{"title":"Within and between-day differences in adolescents’ objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary behavior","authors":"J. Viciana, D. Mayorga-Vega, Maribel Parra-Saldías","doi":"10.26582/k.51.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"A decline in adolescents’ moderate-to-vigorous\u0000physical activity (MVPA) and the increase in their sedentary behavior (SB) have\u0000been registered all over the world. In order to increase the MVPA and reduce\u0000the SB of adolescents, their day has been analyzed by segments of time,\u0000verifying the contribution of each to the daily recommendation of 60\u0000minutes/day. Previous studies have been centered only in physical activity\u0000markers, but the SB variables were not compared nor the segments of the\u0000school-recess with the out-of-school period or with the weekend. This study\u0000aimed to examine the intra- and inter-days differences in the objectively\u0000measured levels of PA and SB in adolescents. A sample of 156 Chilean school\u0000students (87 boys and 69 girls; M age=13.41; SD=.67 years) participated in the\u0000present study. Participants’ PA and SB were objectively measured by a GT3X\u0000accelerometer. Overall results showed that only 14% and 9% of Chilean\u0000adolescents achieved the daily recommendation of 60 minutes of MVPA on weekdays\u0000and the weekend, respectively. School recess was found the best moment for\u0000developing MVPA, followed by out-of-school time, and ending with weekend days\u0000presenting the worst scenario. Regarding the SB, Chilean adolescents were\u0000involved in SB 69.39% of the time on weekdays, and over 70% during the weekend.\u0000Different strategies are discussed in order to increase the MVPA and to\u0000decrease SB in each segment of a day.","PeriodicalId":49943,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.26582/k.51.2.13","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46697263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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