Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献_第10页

Salivary metabolomic identification of biomarker candidates for oral melanoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs 唾液代谢组学鉴定狗口腔黑色素瘤和口腔鳞状细胞癌的候选生物标记物

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17092

Sekkarin Ploypetch, Xian Luo, Shuang Zhao, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Liang Li, Gunnaporn Suriyaphol

Background

Oral melanoma (OM) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are frequently diagnosed in dogs, presenting a challenge in distinguishing them from benign oral tumors (BN). Salivary metabolomic biomarkers offer a practical solution because of saliva's direct contact with tumors and the noninvasive nature of collection.

Objective

Assess the diversity and abundance of the salivary metabolome in dogs with BN, OM, and OSCC using amine/phenol submetabolome analysis and high-performance chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (CIL LC-MS).

Animals

Study included 11 BN, 24 OM, 10 OSCC, and 20 healthy control dogs.

Methods

Case-control cross-sectional study was conducted to assess salivary submetabolic profiles in dogs with BN, OM, and OSCC and healthy dogs. Samples were labeled with ¹²C-dansyl chloride and analyzed using CIL LC-MS targeted to amine- and phenol-containing metabolites for amine/phenol submetabolome analysis.

Results

Distinct clusters and significant differences in metabolite concentrations were observed among the oral cancer, BN, and control groups. A total of 154 and 66 metabolites showed significantly altered concentrations, particularly in OM and OSCC, respectively, when compared with BN (Padj < .05). Potential metabolic biomarkers were identified for each cancer, including decreased concentrations of seryl-arginine and sarcosine in OSCC. Moreover, high-confidence putative metabolites were identified, including an increase in tryptophyl-threonine and a decrease in 1,2-dihydroxynapthalene-6-sulfonic acid and hydroxyprolyl-hydroxyproline for OM.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

We identified high coverage of the amine/phenol submetabolome, including seryl-arginine, and sarcosine, in OSCC. Our findings emphasize the potential of these biomarkers for distinguishing between oral OSCC and BN in dogs.

背景口腔黑色素瘤（OM）和口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）经常被诊断出患有口腔良性肿瘤（BN），这给区分它们带来了挑战。目标使用胺/酚亚代谢组分析和高效化学同位素标记液相色谱-质谱法（CIL LC-MS）评估BN、OM和OSCC犬唾液代谢组的多样性和丰度。研究对象包括 11 只 BN 狗、24 只 OM 狗、10 只 OSCC 狗和 20 只健康对照狗。方法采用病例对照横断面研究法评估 BN 狗、OM 狗、OSCC 狗和健康狗的唾液亚代谢概况。用 12C - 丹酰氯标记样本，并使用 CIL LC-MS 分析含胺和酚的代谢物，以进行胺/酚亚代谢组分析。与 BN 相比，共有 154 和 66 种代谢物的浓度发生了显著变化，尤其是在 OM 和 OSCC 中（Padj < .05）。确定了每种癌症的潜在代谢生物标志物，包括 OSCC 中丝氨酰-精氨酸和肌氨酸浓度的降低。此外，还发现了高置信度的假定代谢物，包括OM中色氨酸-苏氨酸的增加和1,2-二羟基萘-6-磺酸和羟脯氨酸-羟脯氨酸的减少。我们的发现强调了这些生物标记物在区分犬口腔OSCC和BN方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in an inflammatory pericardial effusion of a dog 在一只狗的炎症性心包积液中检测到噬细胞嗜血杆菌

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17090

Betsy K. Murdock, Jonathan F. Bach, Barbara A. Qurollo, Erin W. Lashnits, Kristen R. Friedrichs

An 11-year-old female spayed German Wirehaired Pointer with a 1-week history of lethargy, hyporexia, diarrhea, and coughing presented with pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade. An echocardiogram revealed no structural cause for pericardial effusion. The pericardial effusion was an exudate with mixed macrophagic and neutrophilic inflammation. Morulae occasionally were found within neutrophils. The pericardial fluid and blood were qPCR and cPCR positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (NC State University, Vector-borne Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Raleigh, NC). The dog's blood was negative by ELISA (Vetscan Flex4 Rapid Test, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) for A. phagocytophilum antibodies at initial presentation and subsequently positive (SNAP4DxPlus, IDEXX, Westbrook, ME) 7 days later. After pericardiocentesis and administration of doxycycline (5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days), a repeat echocardiogram performed 1 month later showed no recurrence of pericardial effusion.

一只 11 岁的雌性德国线毛猎犬，已做过绝育手术，一周前出现嗜睡、厌食、腹泻和咳嗽，并伴有心包积液，导致心脏填塞。超声心动图显示，心包积液没有结构性原因。心包积液是一种混合了巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞炎症的渗出物。嗜中性粒细胞内偶见蜕膜。心包积液和血液中的噬吞噬细胞疟原虫（Anaplasma phagocytophilum）qPCR 和 cPCR 阳性（北卡罗来纳州立大学，病媒传染病诊断实验室，北卡罗来纳州罗利市）。通过 ELISA（Vetscan Flex4 快速检测试剂盒，Zoetis，Parsippany，NJ）检测，该犬血液中的噬血疟原虫抗体在发病初期为阴性，7 天后检测结果为阳性（SNAP4DxPlus，IDEXX，Westbrook，ME）。在进行心包穿刺并服用多西环素（5 毫克/千克，每小时 5 次，连续 14 天）后，一个月后再次进行超声心动图检查，结果显示心包积液没有复发。

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引用次数: 0

Client's understanding of instructions for small animals in a veterinary neurological referral center 客户了解兽医神经转诊中心对小动物的指示

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17085

Thomas Flegel, Katharina Dobersek, Sabrina Bayer, Lisa F. Becker, Shenja Loderstedt, Irene C. Böttcher, Josephine Dietzel, Carina Tästensen, Theresa Kalliwoda, Marie A. Harkenthal, Andreas Kühnapfel, Vivian Weiß, Sarah Gutmann

Background

It is not known how much information clients retrieve from discharge instructions.

Objective

To investigate client's understanding of discharge instructions and influencing factors.

Animals

Dogs and cats being hospitalized for neurological diseases.

Methods

Clients were presented questionnaires regarding their pet's disease, diagnostics, treatments, prognosis and discharge instructions at time of discharge and 2 weeks later. The same questions were answered by discharging veterinarians at time of discharge. Clients answered additional questions regarding the subjective feelings during discharge conversation. Data collected included: data describing discharging veterinarian (age, gender, years of clinical experience, specialist status), data describing the client (age, gender, educational status). Raw percentage of agreement (RPA) between answers of clinicians and clients as well as factors potentially influencing the RPA were evaluated.

Results

Of 230 clients being approached 151 (65.7%) and 70 (30.4%) clients responded to the first and second questionnaire, respectively (130 dog and 30 cat owners). The general RPA between clinician's and client's responses over all questions together was 68.9% and 66.8% at the 2 time points. Questions regarding adverse effects of medication (29.0%), residual clinical signs (35.8%), and confinement instructions (36.8%) had the lowest RPAs at the first time point. The age of clients (P = .008) negatively influenced RPAs, with clients older than 50 years having lower RPA.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Clients can only partially reproduce information provided at discharge. Only clients' increasing age influenced recall of information. Instructions deemed to be important should be specifically stressed during discharge.

动物因神经系统疾病住院的狗和猫。方法在出院时和两周后向客户发放有关宠物疾病、诊断、治疗、预后和出院指导的问卷。出院兽医在出院时也回答了同样的问题。客户还回答了有关出院谈话时主观感受的其他问题。收集的数据包括：出院兽医的相关数据（年龄、性别、临床经验年限、专家身份），客户的相关数据（年龄、性别、教育程度）。结果在接触的 230 名客户中，分别有 151 名（65.7%）和 70 名（30.4%）客户（130 名狗主人和 30 名猫主人）回答了第一份和第二份问卷。在两个时间点，临床医生和客户对所有问题的回答的总体 RPA 分别为 68.9% 和 66.8%。有关药物不良反应（29.0%）、残留临床症状（35.8%）和隔离指导（36.8%）的问题在第一个时间点的 RPA 最低。患者的年龄（P = .008）对 RPA 有负面影响，50 岁以上的患者 RPA 较低。只有患者年龄的增长会影响对信息的回忆。出院时应特别强调被视为重要的指示。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of hematologic variables between dogs with congenital intrahepatic and extrahepatic portosystemic shunts 先天性肝内和肝外门静脉分流犬血液学变量的比较

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17081

Yanick Couture, Deborah Keys, Stacie Summers

Background

Dogs with congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (IHPSS) are predisposed to gastrointestinal inflammation, ulceration, and bleeding, unlike dogs with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS). Limited information is available about hematologic differences between dogs with IHPSS and dogs with EHPSS.

Objective

Compare hemogram variables between dogs with IHPSS and EHPSS. We hypothesized that hematologic variables would differ between the 2 populations, with a higher frequency and severity of anemia and microcytosis in dogs with IHPSS.

Animals

Twenty-six client-owned dogs with IHPSS and 35 client-owned dogs with EHPSS.

Methods

Retrospective cross-sectional study. Dogs were included if a CBC was performed before shunt attenuation. Contingency analysis was performed to determine if the frequency of clinical signs and of hematologic variables below the reference range differed between groups. Hematologic and selected biochemical variables were compared between groups using an analysis of covariance with age as a covariate.

Results

Gastrointestinal clinical signs (IHPSS, 81% vs EHPSS, 34%; P = .01), anemia (31% vs 6%; P = .01), microcytosis (77% vs 29%; P = .002), and hypochromia (77% vs 49%; P = .03) were more common in dogs with IHPSS than in dogs with EHPSS. Dogs with IHPSS had lower packed cell volume (34% vs 41%, P = .04), hemoglobin concentration (11.5 g/dL vs 13.7 g/dL, P = .03), mean corpuscular volume (57 fL vs 65 fL; P = .001), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (32 g/dL vs 33 g/dL; P = .04) than dogs with EHPSS.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Dogs with IHPSS had a higher frequency of anemia, microcytosis, and hypochromia and exhibited more gastrointestinal clinical signs.

背景患有先天性肝内门体分流术（IHPSS）的犬容易发生胃肠道炎症、溃疡和出血，这与患有先天性肝外门体分流术（EHPSS）的犬不同。有关 IHPSS 和 EHPSS 患犬之间血液学差异的信息十分有限。我们假设这两种人群的血液学变量会有所不同，其中 IHPSS 患犬贫血和小红细胞增多症的频率和严重程度更高。如果在分流衰减前进行了全血细胞计数，则纳入研究对象。通过权变分析确定不同组间临床症状和血液学变量低于参考范围的频率是否存在差异。结果 IHPSS 患犬的胃肠道临床症状（IHPSS，81% vs EHPSS，34%；P = .01）、贫血（31% vs 6%；P = .01）、小红细胞症（77% vs 29%；P = .002）和低色素血症（77% vs 49%；P = .03）比 EHPSS 患犬更常见。IHPSS 患犬的充盈细胞体积（34% vs 41%，P = .04）、血红蛋白浓度（11.5 g/dL vs 13.7 g/dL，P = .03）、平均血球容积（57 fL vs 65 fL；P = .001）和平均血球血红蛋白浓度（32 g/dL vs 33 g/dL；P = .结论和临床意义患有 IHPSS 的狗出现贫血、小红细胞症和低色素血症的频率更高，并表现出更多的胃肠道临床症状。

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引用次数: 0

Corticosteroid monotherapy versus combined cytarabine continuous rate infusion and corticosteroid therapy in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: A blinded, randomized, controlled trial 对不明原因脑膜脑炎患犬进行皮质类固醇单药治疗与阿糖胞苷持续输注和皮质类固醇联合治疗的比较：盲法随机对照试验

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17088

Bethan S. Jones, Francois Xavier Liebel, Angela Fadda, Sophie Martin, Richard Lawn, Kali Lazzerini, Thomas Harcourt-Brown

Background

Treatment options available for meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) in dogs are suboptimal, and currently, no single treatment protocol appears to be superior.

Objectives

Compare neurological deterioration rates at 7 days between dogs with MUO treated with corticosteroids alone or combined with cytosine arabinoside (CA) continuous rate infusion (CRI) and compare clinical deterioration and survival at 30 and 100 days.

Animals

Sixty-nine dogs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features or both compatible with MUO.

Methods

Parallel, blinded, randomized controlled trial. Simple randomization into 2 treatment groups: 4 mg/kg/day prednisolone (or dexamethasone equivalent) for 2 days or 200 mg/m² CA CRI over 8 hours plus 2 mg/kg/day prednisolone. Blinding of the treatment protocol was carried out using reversible redaction of clinical records, and treatment failure was defined as deterioration of neurological assessment or death. Using intention-to-treat analysis, proportions failing treatment at 7, 30, and 100 days were compared using Fisher's exact test. All-cause mortality at 100 days was compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.

Results

Thirty-five dogs were allocated to corticosteroid only, and 34 dogs were allocated to combined CA CRI and corticosteroid. Proportions failing treatment at 7, 30, and 100 days were 7/35 (20%), 9/35 (26%), and 15/35 (43%) in the corticosteroid-only group and 8/34 (24%), 11/34 (32%), and 23/34 (68%) in the corticosteroid and CA CRI group. All-cause mortality at 100 days was not significantly different between groups (P = .62). Clinically relevant treatment-related adverse effects were not observed.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

We found no difference in outcome between corticosteroid monotherapy and combined cytarabine CRI and corticosteroid therapy at 7, 30, and 100 days after diagnosis in dogs with MUO.

背景犬不明原因脑膜脑炎（MUO）的治疗方案不尽人意，目前似乎没有一种治疗方案更优越。目的比较单独使用皮质类固醇或联合使用阿糖胞苷（CA）持续输注（CRI）治疗的 MUO 犬 7 天时的神经系统恶化率，并比较 30 天和 100 天时的临床恶化和存活率。方法平行、盲法、随机对照试验。简单随机分为 2 个治疗组：4 毫克/千克/天的泼尼松龙（或地塞米松等效药）2 天或 200 毫克/平方米 CA CRI 8 小时加 2 毫克/千克/天的泼尼松龙。治疗方案的盲法是通过对临床记录进行可逆性编辑来实现的，治疗失败的定义是神经系统评估恶化或死亡。采用意向治疗分析法，通过费舍尔精确检验比较了7天、30天和100天治疗失败的比例。使用 Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线比较了 100 天时的全因死亡率。结果35 只犬只被分配接受皮质类固醇治疗，34 只犬只被分配接受 CA CRI 和皮质类固醇联合治疗。7天、30天和100天时治疗失败的比例分别为：纯皮质类固醇组7/35（20%）、9/35（26%）和15/35（43%）；皮质类固醇和CA CRI组8/34（24%）、11/34（32%）和23/34（68%）。100 天的全因死亡率在各组间无明显差异（P = 0.62）。结论和临床意义我们发现，在MUO犬确诊后的7天、30天和100天内，皮质类固醇单药治疗与阿糖胞苷CRI和皮质类固醇联合治疗的结果没有差异。

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引用次数: 0

Pseudohypoaldosteronism and acquired renal aldosterone resistance with hyperkalemic type IV renal tubular acidosis in 2 cats 两只猫的假性醛固酮增多症和获得性肾醛固酮抵抗，伴有高钾血症型 IV 肾小管酸中毒

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17098

Christina L. Marino, Jonathan D. Foster

This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of aldosterone resistance (AR) and acquired hyperkalemic type IV renal tubular acidosis (RTA) in 2 cats comparable to acquired pseudohypoaldosteronism in people. One cat developed AR from chronic kidney disease after an acute kidney injury and was treated with furosemide per os, which resolved the hyperkalemic RTA. The second cat developed transient AR secondary to a bacterial urinary tract infection associated with urethral catheterization, and treatment with antibiotics resolved the hyperkalemic RTA.

本报告描述了 2 只猫的醛固酮抵抗（AR）和获得性高血钾型 IV 肾小管酸中毒（RTA）的诊断和治疗方法，这与人的获得性假性低醛固酮症相似。其中一只猫在急性肾损伤后，因慢性肾病而出现 AR，接受呋塞米治疗后，高血钾性 RTA 症状得到缓解。第二只猫因尿道导管插入术引起细菌性尿路感染而继发一过性 AR，经抗生素治疗后，高血钾性 RTA 消失。

引用次数: 0

Use of machine learning and Poincaré density grid in the diagnosis of sinus node dysfunction caused by sinoatrial conduction block in dogs 利用机器学习和庞加莱密度网格诊断犬窦房结传导阻滞引起的窦房结功能障碍

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17071

Wyatt Hutson Flanders, N. Sydney Moïse, Niels F. Otani

Background

Sinus node dysfunction because of abnormal impulse generation or sinoatrial conduction block causes bradycardia that can be difficult to differentiate from high parasympathetic/low sympathetic modulation (HP/LSM).

Hypothesis

Beat-to-beat relationships of sinus node dysfunction are quantifiably distinguishable by Poincaré plots, machine learning, and 3-dimensional density grid analysis. Moreover, computer modeling establishes sinoatrial conduction block as a mechanism.

Animals

Three groups of dogs were studied with a diagnosis of: (1) balanced autonomic modulation (n = 26), (2) HP/LSM (n = 26), and (3) sinus node dysfunction (n = 21).

Methods

Heart rate parameters and Poincaré plot data were determined [median (25%-75%)]. Recordings were randomly assigned to training or testing. Supervised machine learning of the training data was evaluated with the testing data. The computer model included impulse rate, exit block probability, and HP/LSM.

Results

Confusion matrices illustrated the effectiveness in diagnosing by both machine learning and Poincaré density grid. Sinus pauses >2 s differentiated (P < .0001) HP/LSM (2340; 583-3947 s) from sinus node dysfunction (8503; 7078-10 050 s), but average heart rate did not. The shortest linear intervals were longer with sinus node dysfunction (315; 278-323 ms) vs HP/LSM (260; 251-292 ms; P = .008), but the longest linear intervals were shorter with sinus node dysfunction (620; 565-698 ms) vs HP/LSM (843; 799-888 ms; P < .0001).

Conclusions

Number and duration of pauses, not heart rate, differentiated sinus node dysfunction from HP/LSM. Machine learning and Poincaré density grid can accurately identify sinus node dysfunction. Computer modeling supports sinoatrial conduction block as a mechanism of sinus node dysfunction.

背景由于冲动产生异常或窦房传导阻滞导致的窦房结功能障碍会引起心动过缓，而这种心动过缓很难与高副交感/低交感调节（HP/LSM）区分开来。假说通过Poincaré图、机器学习和三维密度网格分析，可以量化区分窦房结功能障碍的搏动间关系。此外，计算机建模确定了窦房传导阻滞是一种机制：(方法测定心率参数和波恩卡雷图数据[中位数（25%-75%）]。记录被随机分配到训练或测试中。通过测试数据对训练数据的机器学习进行评估。计算机模型包括脉冲率、出口阻滞概率和 HP/LSM。结果混淆矩阵显示了机器学习和波卡密度网格诊断的有效性。窦性停搏 >2 s 将 HP/LSM (2340; 583-3947 s) 与窦房结功能障碍 (8503; 7078-10 050 s) 区分开来（P <.0001），但平均心率并不能区分开来。窦房结功能障碍（315；278-323 ms）与 HP/LSM （260；251-292 ms；P = .008）相比，最短线性间隔更长，但窦房结功能障碍（620；565-698 ms）与 HP/LSM （843；799-888 ms；P <；.0001）相比，最长线性间隔更短。机器学习和Poincaré密度网格能准确识别窦房结功能障碍。计算机建模支持窦房传导阻滞是窦房结功能障碍的一种机制。

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引用次数: 0

Successful hemodialysis treatment of a Quarter Horse mare with silver maple leaf toxicity and acute kidney injury 成功为一匹银枫叶中毒和急性肾损伤的四分马母马进行血液透析治疗

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17094

Erin F. Pinnell, Jiwoong Her, Daniel Gordon, Hannah M. Kinsella, Catherine E. Langston, Ramiro E. Toribio

An adult American Quarter Horse mare presented for pigmenturia and lethargy of 12 hours' duration and was diagnosed with silver maple leaf toxicity. The mare had intravascular hemolysis and azotemia. The mare was treated with a transfusion of whole blood, fluids administered IV, antibiotics, oxygen insufflation, and supportive care. The azotemia persisted despite conventional medical management and hemodialysis was elected. After 2 intermittent hemodialysis treatments over 3 days, the azotemia almost resolved, clinical signs improved, and the mare was discharged. The blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and electrolyte concentrations remained normal 6 months later after examination by the referring veterinarian. Hemodialysis treatment can be feasible in horses if equipment and expertise are available and should be considered as a treatment option if indicated.

一匹成年美国季马母马因持续 12 小时的色素尿和嗜睡而就诊，被诊断为银枫叶中毒。该母马出现血管内溶血和氮质血症。该母马接受了全血输注、静脉输液、抗生素、氧气灌注和支持性治疗。尽管采取了常规的药物治疗，但氮质血症仍持续存在，因此选择了血液透析。经过 3 天 2 次间歇性血液透析治疗后，氮质血症基本缓解，临床症状也有所改善，母马痊愈出院。6 个月后，经转诊兽医检查，血尿素氮、肌酐和电解质浓度仍保持正常。如果有设备和专业技术，对马进行血液透析治疗是可行的。

引用次数: 0

Randomized comparison between a forced air system and warm water bath for resuscitation of neonatal hypothermic calves with or without oral administration of caffeine 随机比较强制通风系统和温水浴对体温过低的新生犊牛进行复苏时口服或不口服咖啡因的效果

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17066

Adam T. Copeland, Amanda J. Kreuder, Grant Dewell, Renee Dewell, Caitlin Wiley, Lingnan Yuan, Jonathan P. Mochel, Joe S. Smith

Background

Hypothermia is a cause of neonatal calf death in cold climates. Practical and effective rewarming methods are important for bovine health within affected regions.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To compare the rewarming rate and blood analytes (glucose, lactate, and cortisol) of calves resuscitated with forced air with warm water bath, with or without oral administration of caffeine.

Animals

Twenty healthy neonatal Holstein bull calves.

Methods

In this randomized, prospective study, calves born healthy and without history of dystocia were cooled to 32°C rectal temperature then thermally resuscitated using either forced air rewarming or warm water bath (40°C) with or without oral administration of caffeine. Rectal temperatures were used to quantify recovery rate. Measurements of glucose, lactate, and cortisol were recorded for every 2°C change in rectal temperature.

Results

Rectal temperature decline (0.03°C per minute) and total cooling time (191.0 ± 33.3 minutes) did not significantly differ among treatment groups. Calves were successfully resuscitated to 38°C by either method. Time required to euthermia using warm water was significantly faster (0.1°C per minute; 64.3 ± 17.8 minute; P < .05) than forced air (0.05°C per minute; 123.1 ± 20.0 minutes). Caffeine had no significant effect on resuscitation rate (P = .14; 95% CI, −0.002 to 0.024) in either treatment; however, caffeine was associated with reduced time to euthermia by 8.3 and 10.8 minutes, respectively. Changes in metabolic variables (glucose, lactate, and cortisol), were inversely related to rectal temperature with no statistical significance among rewarming methods.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Although warm water submersion is faster, forced air rewarming is an effective alternative for restoration of euthermia.

背景体温过低是寒冷气候条件下新生犊牛死亡的原因之一。假设/目标比较使用强制空气和温水浴复苏、口服或不口服咖啡因的犊牛的复苏率和血液分析物（葡萄糖、乳酸和皮质醇）。方法在这项随机、前瞻性研究中，先将出生时健康且无难产史的犊牛冷却至直肠温度 32°C，然后使用强制空气回温或温水浴（40°C）进行热复苏，同时口服或不口服咖啡因。直肠温度用于量化复苏率。结果直肠温度下降（每分钟 0.03°C）和总降温时间（191.0 ± 33.3 分钟）在各处理组之间没有显著差异。无论采用哪种方法，犊牛都能成功复苏至 38°C。温水降温所需时间（每分钟 0.1°C；64.3 ± 17.8 分钟；P < .05）明显快于强制通风（每分钟 0.05°C；123.1 ± 20.0 分钟）。咖啡因对两种治疗方法的复苏率均无明显影响（P = .14；95% CI，-0.002 至 0.024）；但咖啡因与缩短热射病时间有关，分别缩短了 8.3 分钟和 10.8 分钟。代谢变量（葡萄糖、乳酸和皮质醇）的变化与直肠温度成反比，不同的复温方法之间没有统计学意义。

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引用次数: 0

Thromboelastometry for assessment of hemostasis and disease severity in 42 dogs with naturally-occurring heatstroke 用血栓弹性测定法评估 42 只自然中暑狗的止血情况和疾病严重程度

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17041

Michal Yanai, Sigal Klainbart, Gal Dafna, Gilad Segev, Itamar Aroch, Efrat Kelmer

Background

Thromboelastometry (TEM) provides a comprehensive overview of the entire coagulation process and has not been evaluated in heatstroke-induced coagulopathies in dogs.

Objectives

To determine the diagnostic and prognostic utility of TEM in dogs with heatstroke.

Animals

Forty-two client-owned dogs with heatstroke.

Methods

Prospective observational study. Blood samples for intrinsic and extrinsic TEM (INTEM and EXTEM, respectively) were collected at presentation and every 12 to 24 hours for 48 hours. Coagulation phenotype (hypo-, normo-, or hypercoagulable) was defined based on TEM area under the 1st derivative curve (AUC).

Results

Case fatality rate was 31%. Median TEM variables associated with death (P < .05 for all) included longer INTEM clotting time, lower AUC at presentation and at 12 to 24 hours postpresentation (PP), lower INTEM alpha angle, maximum clot firmness, and maximum lysis (ML) at 12 to 24 hours PP, and lower EXTEM ML at 12 to 24 hours PP. Most dogs were normo-coagulable on presentation (66% and 63% on EXTEM and INTEM, respectively), but hypo-coagulable 12 to 24 PP (63% for both EXTEM and INTEM). A hypo-coagulable INTEM phenotype was more frequent at presentation and 12 to 24 PP among nonsurvivors compared to survivors (55% vs 15% and 100% vs 50%, P = .045 and .026, respectively). AKI was more frequent (P = .015) in dogs with hypo-coagulable INTEM tracings at 12 to 24 hours. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was more frequent (P < .05) in dogs with a hypo-coagulable INTEM phenotype and in nonsurvivors at all timepoints.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Hypocoagulability, based on INTEM AUC, is predictive of worse prognosis and occurrence of secondary complications.

背景血栓弹性测定法（TEM）可全面了解整个凝血过程，但尚未对犬中暑引起的凝血病进行评估。目的确定血栓弹性测定法在犬中暑患者中的诊断和预后作用。在发病时和 48 小时内每隔 12 到 24 小时采集一次血液样本，分别用于检测内在 TEM 和外在 TEM（INTEM 和 EXTEM）。凝血表型（低凝、正常凝或高凝）根据 TEM 第 1 次导数曲线下面积（AUC）进行定义。与死亡相关的中位 TEM 变量（所有变量的 P 均为 0.05）包括：INTEM 凝血时间较长；发病时和发病后 12 至 24 小时（PP）的 AUC 较低；发病后 12 至 24 小时（PP）的 INTEM α 角、最大凝块坚固度和最大溶解度（ML）较低；发病后 12 至 24 小时（PP）的 EXTEM ML 较低。大多数狗在发病时凝血功能正常（EXTEM 和 INTEM 的比例分别为 66% 和 63%），但在 PP 12 至 24 小时内凝血功能低下（EXTEM 和 INTEM 的比例均为 63%）。与存活者相比，非存活者在发病时和 12 至 24 PP 期间出现低凝 INTEM 表型的比例更高（分别为 55% vs 15% 和 100% vs 50%，P = 0.045 和 0.026）。12至24小时内INTEM描记结果为低凝血的犬更易发生AKI（P = .015）。在所有时间点上，INTEM 表型为低凝的犬和非存活犬中发生弥散性血管内凝血的频率更高（P < .05）。

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