Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献_第4页

Evaluation of gabapentin administration on neurologic examination in 2 different age groups of healthy cats 评估加巴喷丁对两个不同年龄组健康猫神经系统检查的影响。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17206

Allison DuPont, Natalia Zidan, Lizabeth C. Lueck, Starr Cameron

Background

Gabapentin is often administered PO for preappointment or in-hospital anxiolysis in cats. A previous study reported mild changes on the neurologic examination after administration.

Objectives

Investigate the effects of gabapentin on anxiety, sedation, compliance, and neurologic examination in 2 age groups of cats.

Animals

Thirty-one young cats and 12 geriatric cats perceived by their owners to be healthy and neurologically normal.

Methods

Prospective double-blinded clinical crossover study. Assessment of baseline sedation and anxiety was performed before initial neurologic examinations and after gabapentin administration (100 mg/cat). Assessments were repeated 90 to 120 minutes after administration. Ease of handling pregabapentin and postgabapentin was assessed in the younger cats. All examinations were performed by a board-certified veterinary neurologist and scoring of examinations was performed by a different, masked board-certified neurologist.

Results

Sixteen cats (50%) in the younger cohort and 6 cats (50%) in the geriatric cohort exhibited an increase in their overall neurologic examination score postgabapentin administration, mainly through new or progressive postural reaction deficits and gait changes. Anxiety and sedation scores were significantly changed in the geriatric population (P < .01, P = .004, respectively); however, only sedation scores were significantly increased in the younger cats after gabapentin administration (P = .004).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

All study participants showed mild neurologic changes after gabapentin administration, most markedly noted in the geriatric population. Dose reduction of gabapentin for preappointment anxiolysis and neurologic examination in geriatric patients should be considered.

背景：加巴喷丁通常用于猫的预约前或住院抗焦虑治疗。之前的一项研究报告称，用药后神经系统检查有轻微变化：调查加巴喷丁对两个年龄组猫咪的焦虑、镇静、依从性和神经系统检查的影响：31只幼猫和12只老年猫，它们的主人认为这些猫健康且神经系统正常：前瞻性双盲临床交叉研究。在初次神经系统检查前和服用加巴喷丁（100 毫克/只）后，对基线镇静和焦虑进行评估。用药 90 至 120 分钟后再次进行评估。对幼猫进行加巴喷丁用药前和用药后的操作难易度评估。所有检查均由一名获得兽医神经学医师资格证的兽医进行，检查评分由另一名蒙面的获得医师资格证的神经学医师进行：结果：年轻组中有 16 只猫咪（50%）和老年组中有 6 只猫咪（50%）在服用加巴喷丁后神经系统检查总分有所增加，主要表现为新的或进行性姿势反应障碍和步态改变。老年群体的焦虑和镇静评分发生了显著变化（P < .01，P = .004，分别为P < .01和P = .004）；然而，年轻的猫在服用加巴喷丁后只有镇静评分显著增加（P = .004）：所有研究参与者在服用加巴喷丁后都出现了轻微的神经系统变化，其中老年患者的变化最为明显。应考虑减少老年患者用药前抗焦虑和神经系统检查时加巴喷丁的剂量。

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引用次数: 0

Feline blood donation: Description and adverse reactions from 29 201 donation events between 2019 and 2023 猫科动物献血：2019 年至 2023 年期间 29 201 次献血事件的描述和不良反应。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17215

Samantha S. Taylor, Helena C.M. Ferreira, André F.P. Cambra, Giovanni Lo Iacono, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, Ignacio Mesa-Sanchez, Rui R.F. Ferreira

Background

Feline blood transfusion is required for the treatment of various illnesses in cats, and the safety of donor cats is vital. Donor adverse reactions can include cardiorespiratory, venepuncture-related, and behavioral abnormalities.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To describe a large number of feline blood donation events and document use of sedation and anxiolysis, record volume of blood collected and describe the frequency, type, and risk factors for, adverse reactions.

Animals

The study included 7812 individual cats and 29 201 donation events at a blood banking center over 5 years.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of donation event records with signalment, donation volume, sedation status, donation number, and adverse reactions (acute and caregiver reported) recorded. Risk factors for adverse reactions were examined by stratifying data according to groups exposed to relevant predictors and calculating odds ratios with 95% and 99% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Adverse reactions were uncommon (0.29%, 2.88/1000 donor events) and most commonly were cardiorespiratory (0.08%, 0.75/1000 donor events) or behavioral (0.06%, 0.62/1000 donor events). The only risk factor significantly associated with adverse reactions was conscious donation, with conscious donors 4.4 times more likely to have an adverse reaction (95% CI, 2.5-7.9, P ≤ .0001).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Feline blood donation is associated with a low rate of adverse reactions. Sedation should be considered to reduce adverse reactions, and the environment and interactions optimized to reduce donor stress. Caregiver education on care postdonation could reduce behavioral adverse reactions.

背景：猫科动物的各种疾病都需要输血治疗，因此供血猫的安全至关重要。献血者的不良反应可能包括心肺功能、静脉穿刺相关和行为异常：描述大量猫科动物献血事件，记录使用镇静剂和抗焦虑剂的情况，记录采血量，并描述不良反应的频率、类型和风险因素：研究对象包括一家血库中心 5 年内的 7812 只猫咪和 29 201 次献血事件：方法：对捐献事件记录进行回顾性分析，记录信号、捐献量、镇静状态、捐献数量和不良反应（急性和护理人员报告）。根据暴露于相关预测因素的组别对数据进行分层，并计算带有95%和99%置信区间（CIs）的几率比，从而研究不良反应的风险因素：不良反应并不常见（0.29%，2.88/1000 例捐献者事件），最常见的是心肺（0.08%，0.75/1000 例捐献者事件）或行为（0.06%，0.62/1000 例捐献者事件）。唯一与不良反应明显相关的风险因素是有意识的献血，有意识的献血者发生不良反应的可能性是有意识献血者的4.4倍（95% CI，2.5-7.9，P≤.0001）：猫科动物献血的不良反应发生率较低。应考虑使用镇静剂以减少不良反应，并优化环境和互动以减少献血者的压力。对护理人员进行献血后护理教育可减少行为不良反应。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between radiation dose and cerebral microbleed formation in dogs with intracranial tumors 颅内肿瘤犬的辐射剂量与脑微小出血形成之间的关系。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17213

Chris Staudinger, Matthias Dennler, Maximilian Körner, Katrin Beckmann, Malwina E. Kowalska, Valeria Meier, Carla Rohrer Bley

Background

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a possible sequela in human brain tumor patients treated with radiation therapy (RT). No such association is reported in dogs.

Objectives

To investigate whether CMBs occur in dogs after radiotherapy, and if there is an association between number and dose, and an increase over time.

Animals

Thirty-four client-owned dogs irradiated for primary intracranial neoplasia. ≥2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans including susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) were required.

Methods

Retrospective, observational, single-center study. Cerebral microbleeds identified on 3 T SWI were counted within the entire brain, and within low- (<20 Gy), intermediate- (20-30 Gy), and high- (>30 Gy) dose regions. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the relationship between the CMBs count and the predictor variables (irradiation dose, time after treatment).

Results

Median follow-up time was 12.6 months (range, 1.8-37.6 months). Eighty-three MR scans were performed. In 4/15 dogs (27%, 95% CI, 10%-52%) CMBs were present at baseline. ≥1 CMBs after RT were identified in 21/34 dogs (62%, 95% CI, 45%-77%). With each month, the number of CMBs increased by 14% (95% CI, 11%-16%; P < .001). The odds of developing CMBs in the high-dose region are 4.7 times (95% CI, 3.9-5.6; P < .001) greater compared with the low-dose region.

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

RT is 1 possible cause of CMBs formation in dogs. Cerebral microbleeds are most likely to occur in the peritumoral high-dose volume, to be chronic, and to increase in number over time. Their clinical relevance remains unknown.

背景：脑微出血（CMBs）是人类脑肿瘤患者接受放射治疗（RT）后可能出现的后遗症。目的：研究狗在接受放疗后是否会出现 CMBs，以及 CMBs 与放疗之间是否存在关联：目的：调查狗在接受放疗后是否会出现 CMB，以及 CMB 的数量与剂量之间是否存在关联，是否会随着时间的推移而增加：34只客户饲养的狗因原发性颅内肿瘤接受了放射治疗。需要≥2次磁共振成像（MRI）扫描，包括感度加权成像（SWI）：回顾性、观察性、单中心研究。在全脑和低剂量（30 Gy）区域内对 3 T SWI 发现的脑微小出血进行计数。采用广义线性混合效应模型分析CMBs计数与预测变量（照射剂量、治疗后时间）之间的关系：中位随访时间为12.6个月（1.8-37.6个月）。共进行了 83 次磁共振扫描。21/34只狗（62%，95% CI，45%-77%）在RT后发现≥1个CMB。每个月，CMB 的数量增加 14% (95% CI, 11%-16%; P 结论和临床重要性：RT是导致犬CMB形成的一个可能原因。脑微出血最有可能发生在瘤周高剂量区，是慢性的，而且数量会随着时间的推移而增加。它们的临床意义尚不清楚。

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引用次数: 0

Immunohistochemical expression of CYP11A1, CYP11B, CYP17, and HSD3B2 in functional and nonfunctional canine adrenocortical tumors 功能性和非功能性犬肾上腺皮质肿瘤中 CYP11A1、CYP11B、CYP17 和 HSD3B2 的免疫组化表达。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17212

Frederik Allan, Alice H. Watson, Harriet M. Syme

Background

Functionality of human adrenal tumors is inferred by CYP11B1 (cortisol synthase) expression, CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase) expression, or both.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Nonfunctional canine adrenal tumors have low expression of steroidogenic enzymes, whereas aldosterone-producing tumors express CYP11B, and cortisol-producing tumors express both CYP11B and CYP17.

Animals

Twenty-two client-owned dogs with adrenocortical tumors (ACT) (8 nonfunctional, 7-cortisol producing, 2 aldosterone-producing and 5 functional noncortisol producing) and 2 dogs with normal adrenal glands.

Methods

Retrospective case series. Adrenal functionality was determined from clinical signs and endocrine testing. CYP11A1, CYP11B, CYP17, and HSD3B2 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded adrenal tissue. Protein expression was semiquantified by 2 blinded observers using H-scoring (results reported as median [range]) and compared in nonfunctional and cortisol-producing adrenal tumors by Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results

CYP11A1, CYP11B, and HSD3B2 were present within all cortical layers of normal adrenal glands, and CYP17 was expressed within the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Expression of CYP11A1 (191.25 [97.5-270] vs. 175 [102.5-295] P = .69), CYP11B (190 [130-265] vs. 147.5 [95-202.5]; P = .07), CYP17 (177.5 [87.5-240] vs. 247.5 [55-292.5]; P = .40), and HSD3B2 (230 [47.5-295] vs. 277.5 [67.5-295]; P = .34) were not significantly different between cortisol-producing and nonfunctional ACT.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Our findings suggest it is not possible to determine functionality of canine ACT by immunohistochemistry for steroidogenic enzymes. Tumor size cannot be used to infer functionality of adrenal tumors.

背景：根据CYP11B1（皮质醇合成酶）、CYP11B2（醛固酮合成酶）或两者的表达推断人类肾上腺肿瘤的功能：无功能性犬肾上腺肿瘤的类固醇生成酶表达量较低，而醛固酮生成肿瘤表达 CYP11B，皮质醇生成肿瘤同时表达 CYP11B 和 CYP17：22只客户饲养的肾上腺皮质肿瘤（ACT）犬（8只无功能，7只分泌皮质醇，2只分泌醛固酮，5只分泌非皮质醇）和2只肾上腺正常的犬：方法：回顾性病例系列。根据临床症状和内分泌检测确定肾上腺功能。在福尔马林固定的石蜡包埋肾上腺组织上用免疫组化法检测 CYP11A1、CYP11B、CYP17 和 HSD3B2 的表达。由两名盲人观察员使用 H 评分对蛋白质表达进行半定量分析（结果以中位数[范围]报告），并通过 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较无功能性肾上腺肿瘤和皮质醇分泌性肾上腺肿瘤的表达情况：CYP11A1、CYP11B和HSD3B2存在于正常肾上腺的所有皮质层中，CYP17表达于筋膜区和网状区。CYP11A1（191.25 [97.5-270] vs. 175 [102.5-295] P = .69）、CYP11B（190 [130-265] vs. 147.5 [95-202.5]; P = .07）、CYP17（177.5 [87.5-240] vs. 247.5 [55-292.5]; P = .40）和 HSD3B2（230 [47.5-295] vs. 277.5 [67.5-295]；P = .34）在皮质醇分泌型和非功能型 ACT 之间无显著差异：我们的研究结果表明，无法通过类固醇生成酶的免疫组化来确定犬 ACT 的功能。肿瘤大小不能用来推断肾上腺肿瘤的功能性。

{"title":"Immunohistochemical expression of CYP11A1, CYP11B, CYP17, and HSD3B2 in functional and nonfunctional canine adrenocortical tumors","authors":"Frederik Allan, Alice H. Watson, Harriet M. Syme","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17212","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Functionality of human adrenal tumors is inferred by CYP11B1 (cortisol synthase) expression, CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase) expression, or both.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nonfunctional canine adrenal tumors have low expression of steroidogenic enzymes, whereas aldosterone-producing tumors express CYP11B, and cortisol-producing tumors express both CYP11B and CYP17.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-two client-owned dogs with adrenocortical tumors (ACT) (8 nonfunctional, 7-cortisol producing, 2 aldosterone-producing and 5 functional noncortisol producing) and 2 dogs with normal adrenal glands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective case series. Adrenal functionality was determined from clinical signs and endocrine testing. CYP11A1, CYP11B, CYP17, and HSD3B2 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded adrenal tissue. Protein expression was semiquantified by 2 blinded observers using H-scoring (results reported as median [range]) and compared in nonfunctional and cortisol-producing adrenal tumors by Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CYP11A1, CYP11B, and HSD3B2 were present within all cortical layers of normal adrenal glands, and CYP17 was expressed within the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Expression of CYP11A1 (191.25 [97.5-270] vs. 175 [102.5-295] <i>P</i> = .69), CYP11B (190 [130-265] vs. 147.5 [95-202.5]; <i>P</i> = .07), CYP17 (177.5 [87.5-240] vs. 247.5 [55-292.5]; <i>P</i> = .40), and HSD3B2 (230 [47.5-295] vs. 277.5 [67.5-295]; <i>P =</i> .34) were not significantly different between cortisol-producing and nonfunctional ACT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest it is not possible to determine functionality of canine ACT by immunohistochemistry for steroidogenic enzymes. Tumor size cannot be used to infer functionality of adrenal tumors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"3070-3078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum for “Effect of phenylbutazone on insulin secretion in horses with insulin dysregulation” 苯基丁氮酮对胰岛素失调马胰岛素分泌的影响》的勘误。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17210

Kemp KL, Skinner JE, Bertin FR. Effect of phenylbutazone on insulin secretion in horses with insulin dysregulation. J Vet Intern Med. 2024;38(2):1177-1184. doi:10.1111/jvim.17013

The phenylbutazone solution used in the study contained 200 mg/mL of phenylbutazone sodium and 50 mg/mL of sodium salicylate.

Kemp KL, Skinner JE, Bertin FR.苯基丁氮酮对胰岛素失调马胰岛素分泌的影响。J Vet Intern Med.2024;38(2):1177-1184. doi:10.1111/jvim.17013研究中使用的苯丁氮酮溶液含有 200 毫克/毫升的苯丁氮酮钠和 50 毫克/毫升的水杨酸钠。

引用次数: 0

Use of prototype bi-nasal prongs for noninvasive ventilation in foals 使用原型双鼻插管对马驹进行无创通气。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17170

Sharanne L. Raidal, Michael van Diggelen, Chee Sum M. Catanchin, Heidi S. Lehmann, Chris T. Quinn

Background

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) provides effective respiratory support in foals, but face masks are poorly tolerated and associated with hypercapnia. Bi-nasal prongs might be a more effective device interface in foals.

Objectives

To compare bi-nasal prongs and masks for NIV in foals with pharmacologically induced respiratory insufficiency.

Animals

Six healthy foals.

Methods

In a randomized cross-over study, sedated foals received NIV delivered by mask or bi-nasal prongs, with the treatment repeated using the alternative device interface after a 3-day rest period. After periods of spontaneous ventilation through the allocated interface, with and without supplementary O₂ (T2-T3), foals were subject to 10-minute treatment periods of NIV at different pressure support (5 or 10 cmH₂O) and end-expiratory pressure settings (5 or 10 cmH₂O), with and without supplementary O₂ (T4-T7). Vital signs, arterial blood gases, spirometry, and gas exchange data were measured in the final 2 minutes of each treatment window.

Results

Bi-nasal prongs were well tolerated and required less manual positioning or monitoring compared to the mask. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide did not increase during NIV with bi-nasal prongs and was lower than observed with masks (mean difference, 8.2 mmHg [95% confidence interval, 4.1-12.2 mmHg] at T6). Oxygenation and respiratory mechanics were improved in all foals and not different between device interfaces.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Nasal prongs were well tolerated, had similar effects on respiratory function, and appeared to ameliorate hypercapnia observed previously during NIV in foals.

背景：无创通气（NIV）可为马驹提供有效的呼吸支持，但面罩的耐受性较差，且与高碳酸血症有关。双鼻插管可能是马驹更有效的设备接口：动物：六匹健康马驹：动物：6 只健康小马驹：在一项随机交叉研究中，镇静后的小马驹接受面罩或双鼻插管进行的 NIV，休息 3 天后再使用另一种设备接口进行治疗。在使用或不使用补充氧气（T2-T3）的情况下，马驹通过分配的接口进行自发通气后，在不同的压力支持（5 或 10 cmH2O）和呼气末压力设置（5 或 10 cmH2O）下，使用或不使用补充氧气（T4-T7），进行 10 分钟的 NIV 治疗。在每个治疗窗口的最后 2 分钟测量生命体征、动脉血气、肺活量和气体交换数据：结果：双鼻孔插管的耐受性良好，与面罩相比，所需的人工定位或监测更少。在使用双鼻插管进行 NIV 期间，二氧化碳分压没有增加，而且低于使用面罩时的二氧化碳分压（T6 时的平均差异为 8.2 mmHg [95% 置信区间为 4.1-12.2 mmHg]）。所有马驹的氧合和呼吸力学都得到了改善，不同装置接口之间没有差异：结论：鼻刺的耐受性良好，对呼吸功能的影响相似，而且似乎能改善之前在马驹进行 NIV 期间观察到的高碳酸血症。

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引用次数: 0

Medical dissolution of presumptive upper urinary tract struvite uroliths in 6 dogs (2012-2018) 医疗溶解 6 只狗的推测性上尿路结石（2012-2018 年）。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17204

Sindumani A. Manoharan, Allyson C. Berent, Chick W. Weisse, Kira Purdon, Demetrius Bagley

Background

Minimally invasive approaches are the standard for treatment of upper urinary tract uroliths in humans.

Objective

To describe the medical dissolution of upper urinary tract uroliths in a series of dogs and report clinical outcomes.

Animals

6 female dogs (9 kidneys).

Methods

Retrospective case series. A review of medical records in dogs that underwent medical dissolution of upper urinary tract uroliths utilizing diet, administration of antibiotics, and double-pigtail ureteral stent(s) placement, when indicated, was performed. Medical management was generally continued for 4 weeks beyond urolith dissolution. Information on biochemical, microbiological, imaging, and clinical outcomes before and after dissolution were recorded.

Results

Six dogs (9 kidneys) were included with bilateral (3) or unilateral (3) nephrolithiasis, ureterolithiasis, or a combination. A ureteral stent(s) was placed endoscopically in 5/6 dogs (6/9 kidneys) for obstructive ureterolithiasis (n = 5) or a nonobstructive massive nephrolith (n = 1). All dogs had a positive urine culture of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius with a median urine pH of 7.25 (range, 6.5-8) and 4/5 had pyonephrosis. All dogs had initial evidence of urolith dissolution at a median of 1.1 months (range, 0.42-5.9), with complete dissolution of ureteroliths at a median of 3.9 months (range, 1.5-7.6), nephroliths at 5.3 months (range, 1.5-7.6), and lower urinary tract uroliths at 0.87 months (range, 0.42-5.9). Stents were removed in 3/6 once dissolution was documented. The median follow-up time was 519 days (range, 177-2492 days).

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

Medical dissolution and decompression of upper urinary tract struvite uroliths should be considered a minimally invasive treatment for dogs before more invasive options.

背景：微创方法是治疗人类上尿路结石的标准方法：微创方法是治疗人类上尿路尿石症的标准方法：动物：6 只雌性犬（9 个肾脏）：方法：回顾性病例系列。方法：回顾性病例系列。对接受药物溶解上尿路结石治疗的犬只的病历进行回顾，包括饮食、抗生素用药和双猪尾输尿管支架置入（如有必要）。在尿路结石溶解后，一般会继续进行 4 周的药物治疗。记录了尿石溶解前后的生化、微生物、影像和临床结果：6只狗（9个肾脏）患有双侧（3只）或单侧（3只）肾结石、输尿管结石或合并症。5/6只狗（6/9个肾脏）因输尿管结石梗阻（5只）或非梗阻性大块肾结石（1只）在内镜下放置了输尿管支架。所有犬的尿液培养均呈假中间葡萄球菌阳性，尿液 pH 中位数为 7.25（范围为 6.5-8），4/5 的犬有肾盂积水。所有犬只在中位 1.1 个月（范围为 0.42-5.9）时都有尿路结石溶解的初步证据，输尿管结石在中位 3.9 个月（范围为 1.5-7.6）时完全溶解，肾结石在 5.3 个月（范围为 1.5-7.6）时完全溶解，下尿路尿路结石在 0.87 个月（范围为 0.42-5.9）时完全溶解。3/6的患者在记录到支架溶解后被移除。中位随访时间为 519 天（177-2492 天）：结论和临床意义：在采用更具创伤性的治疗方案之前，应将上尿路结石的药物溶解和减压视为一种微创治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of discospondylitis and association with congenital vertebral body malformations in English and French bulldogs 英国斗牛犬和法国斗牛犬椎间盘炎的发病率及其与先天性椎体畸形的关系。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17209

Nick Grapes, Simon Bertram, Rita Gonçalves, Steven De Decker

Background

Limited current information exists regarding discospondylitis within breeds commonly affected by congenital vertebral body malformations.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Report the prevalence of discospondylitis in English and French bulldogs and investigate for possible associations of discospondylitis with congenital vertebral body malformations.

Animals

108 client-owned dogs.

Methods

Retrospective multi-institutional study between June 2010 and 2020. Cases with a diagnosis of discospondylitis on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and complete medical records included. Signalment, discospondylitis location, presence of congenital vertebral body malformations, and the site of maximal kyphosis were recorded.

Results

The prevalence of discospondylitis was 3.4 (1.6-6.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]) times higher in French bulldogs (P < .001) and 4.3 (1.7-9.8, 95% CI) times higher in English bulldogs (<.001), compared with the overall hospital cohort. One or more vertebral malformations were present in 12 French bulldogs (92.3%), 6 English bulldogs (75.0%), and 1 “other” breed dog (1.1%). Discospondylitis was diagnosed adjacent to congenital vertebral body malformations in 12 (80%) intervertebral discs in French bulldogs and 5 (50%) intervertebral discs in English bulldogs. The median age at presentation was significantly younger in French bulldogs (1.1 years; range, 0.5-9.2 years) and English bulldogs (1.0 years; range, 0.4-7.0 years), compared with “other” breed dogs (7.3 years; range, 0.3-14.0 years; both P < .001).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Congenital vertebral body malformations were frequently associated with discospondylitis in French and English bulldogs, with clinical signs commonly encountered at a significantly younger age.

背景：目前有关常受先天性椎体畸形影响的犬种中盘骨炎的信息有限：报告英国斗牛犬和法国斗牛犬椎间盘突出症的发病率，并调查椎间盘突出症与先天性椎体畸形之间可能存在的关联：方法：2010 年 6 月至 2020 年期间进行的多机构回顾性研究。纳入经计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）诊断为椎间盘软骨炎且病历完整的病例。记录信号、椎间盘突出症部位、是否存在先天性椎体畸形以及最大椎体后凸部位：结果：法国斗牛犬的椎间盘突出症发病率是普通斗牛犬的 3.4 倍（1.6-6.7，95% 置信区间 [CI]）（P 结论和临床重要性：先天性椎体畸形经常与法国斗牛犬和英国斗牛犬的椎间盘脊柱炎有关，而且临床症状出现的年龄明显较小。

{"title":"Prevalence of discospondylitis and association with congenital vertebral body malformations in English and French bulldogs","authors":"Nick Grapes, Simon Bertram, Rita Gonçalves, Steven De Decker","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited current information exists regarding discospondylitis within breeds commonly affected by congenital vertebral body malformations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Report the prevalence of discospondylitis in English and French bulldogs and investigate for possible associations of discospondylitis with congenital vertebral body malformations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>108 client-owned dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective multi-institutional study between June 2010 and 2020. Cases with a diagnosis of discospondylitis on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and complete medical records included. Signalment, discospondylitis location, presence of congenital vertebral body malformations, and the site of maximal kyphosis were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of discospondylitis was 3.4 (1.6-6.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]) times higher in French bulldogs (<i>P</i> < .001) and 4.3 (1.7-9.8, 95% CI) times higher in English bulldogs (<.001), compared with the overall hospital cohort. One or more vertebral malformations were present in 12 French bulldogs (92.3%), 6 English bulldogs (75.0%), and 1 “other” breed dog (1.1%). Discospondylitis was diagnosed adjacent to congenital vertebral body malformations in 12 (80%) intervertebral discs in French bulldogs and 5 (50%) intervertebral discs in English bulldogs. The median age at presentation was significantly younger in French bulldogs (1.1 years; range, 0.5-9.2 years) and English bulldogs (1.0 years; range, 0.4-7.0 years), compared with “other” breed dogs (7.3 years; range, 0.3-14.0 years; both <i>P</i> < .001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Congenital vertebral body malformations were frequently associated with discospondylitis in French and English bulldogs, with clinical signs commonly encountered at a significantly younger age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"3138-3143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats 猫红细胞抗原 6 的鉴定以及猫红细胞抗原 4 缺乏同种免疫。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17207

Thomas Ternisien, Florian Azoulay, Mohammad Y. Bangash, Marie-Claude Blais

Background

New feline erythrocyte antigens (FEAs) have been described based on the presence of naturally occurring alloantibodies (NOAb), but their immunogenicity and clinical relevance are poorly understood.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Describe the immunogenicity of FEA 4 after sensitizing FEA 4–negative cats lacking NOAb and characterize anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies produced, including their rate of appearance, agglutination titer, and immunoglobulin class.

Animals

Nineteen healthy type A cats were blood typed for FEAs 1 to 5 to identify suitable donor-recipient pairs for FEA 4 sensitization.

Methods

Four FEA 4–negative cats were transfused with FEA 4–positive red blood cells. Using a gel column technique, posttransfusion samples were screened daily for a week, weekly for a month, and monthly thereafter for anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies.

Results

Alloantibodies were not detected in the first 3 recipients despite repeated transfusions (1 and 3 additional transfusions for 2 and 1 recipients, respectively). In the 4th recipient, alloantibodies against its donor red blood cells were detected 21 days postsensitization. However, they were not directed against FEA 4, but rather against a novel FEA not yet described. The alloantibodies, named anti–FEA 6, remained detectable for >4 months after sensitization and were determined to be mostly immunoglobulin M based on sulfhydryl treatment.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Feline erythrocyte antigen 4 does not appear to be immunogenic because repeated sensitization of 4 cats failed to produce detectable anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies. A new immunogenic antigen, named FEA 6, has been discovered, but additional studies are needed to document its clinical importance.

背景：根据自然产生的同种抗体（NOAb）的存在描述了新的猫红细胞抗原（FEA），但对其免疫原性和临床相关性了解甚少：在对缺乏 NOAb 的 FEA 4 阴性猫进行致敏后，描述 FEA 4 的免疫原性，并描述所产生的抗 FEA 4 同种抗体的特征，包括其出现率、凝集滴度和免疫球蛋白类别：对 19 只健康的 A 型猫进行 FEA 1 至 5 血型检测，以确定合适的 FEA 4 致敏供体-受体配对：为四只 FEA 4 阴性猫输注 FEA 4 阳性红细胞。使用凝胶柱技术对输血后样本进行抗 FEA 4 异体抗体检测，一周内每天检测一次，一个月内每周检测一次，之后每月检测一次：结果：尽管反复输血（2 名和 1 名受者分别追加输血 1 次和 3 次），但前 3 名受者均未检测到异体抗体。第 4 位受体在致敏后 21 天检测到了针对其供体红细胞的异体抗体。然而，这些抗体并非针对 FEA 4，而是针对一种尚未被描述的新型 FEA。这种异体抗体被命名为抗FEA 6，在致敏后4个月内仍可检测到，根据巯基处理确定其主要是免疫球蛋白M：结论和临床意义：猫红细胞抗原 4 似乎不具有免疫原性，因为对 4 只猫反复致敏后未能检测到抗红细胞抗原 4 的异体抗体。现已发现一种新的免疫原，名为 FEA 6，但还需要更多的研究来证明其临床重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Two-dimensional echocardiographic right heart ratios for assessment of right heart size in dogs: Reference intervals and reproducibility 用于评估狗右心大小的二维超声心动图右心比率：参考区间和重现性

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17159

Jacqueline N. Sankisov, Lance C. Visser, Kate E. Davis, June A. Boon, Evan S. Ross, Abigail C. Laws

Background

Reference intervals for simple body weight-independent measurements of right heart size and function are limited.

Objectives

Generate reference intervals for measurements of right heart size indexed to the long-axis aortic valve diameter (AoD) or corresponding left heart structure (right heart ratios) and describe the reproducibility of these indices.

Animals

Ninety healthy adult dogs of variable body weight.

Methods

Prospective study. All dogs underwent an echocardiogram performed by the same operator. Numerous linear 2-dimensional measurements of right heart size and function from different imaging planes were performed. Eight dogs underwent repeated echocardiograms by the same operator on 3 different days, and 3 different operators performed repeated echocardiograms on the same day. Reference intervals were generated using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute method. Reproducibility was quantitated using coefficients of variation (CVs) and reproducibility coefficients.

Results

Reference intervals for right heart ratios were generated and allow simple assessments of right heart size and function that do not require a scaling exponent or body weight table. Right heart ratios did not show clinically relevant associations with body weight. All CVs were <22.6%. In general, CVs for right heart measurements indexed to AoD were lower compared with right heart measurements indexed to the corresponding left heart structure.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Reference intervals for simple body weight-independent right heart ratios are available to help detect abnormalities of right heart size and function. Reproducibility coefficients might be useful to help identify meaningful changes in right heart size during serial evaluations.

背景：与体重无关的简单右心大小和功能测量的参考区间有限：与体重无关的右心大小和功能的简单测量参考区间有限：生成以主动脉瓣长轴直径（AoD）或相应左心结构（右心比率）为指标的右心大小测量参考区间，并描述这些指标的可重复性：方法：前瞻性研究：方法：前瞻性研究。方法：前瞻性研究。所有犬只均由同一操作员进行超声心动图检查。从不同的成像平面对右心大小和功能进行了多次线性二维测量。8 只狗在 3 个不同的日子里由同一操作员重复进行了超声心动图检查，3 个不同的操作员在同一天重复进行了超声心动图检查。参考区间采用临床实验室标准协会的方法生成。使用变异系数（CV）和再现性系数对再现性进行量化：结果：生成的右心比率参考区间可对右心大小和功能进行简单评估，无需比例指数或体重表。右心比率与体重没有临床相关性。所有 CV 均为结论和临床重要性：与体重无关的简单右心比率参考区间有助于检测右心大小和功能异常。再现性系数可能有助于在连续评估过程中识别右心大小的有意义变化。

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引用次数: 0