The article discusses the announcement of the Decade of Science and Technology as a new strategic planning tool. It is stated that this tool has the character of a long-term large-scale set of measures based on a program-targeted approach. Drawing up regional plans for the implementation of the Decade’s initiatives, according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 25 April 2022, 231 is a recommended norm for the regions. In this regard, not all regions (in particular, in the North-Western Federal District 6 out of 11) have nor-matively become participants of the Decade. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that it is necessary to expand the participation of regions and municipalities in the implementation of the Decade of Science and Technology, including through the creation of a model plan for the implementation of measures.
{"title":"Proclamation of the Decade as a Tool for Strategic Planning of Socio-Economic Development of Regions (On the Example of the North-West Federal District)","authors":"Grigory V. Dvas, Yulia I. Busheneva","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.9.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.9.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the announcement of the Decade of Science and Technology as a new strategic planning tool. It is stated that this tool has the character of a long-term large-scale set of measures based on a program-targeted approach. Drawing up regional plans for the implementation of the Decade’s initiatives, according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 25 April 2022, 231 is a recommended norm for the regions. In this regard, not all regions (in particular, in the North-Western Federal District 6 out of 11) have nor-matively become participants of the Decade. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that it is necessary to expand the participation of regions and municipalities in the implementation of the Decade of Science and Technology, including through the creation of a model plan for the implementation of measures.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article touches upon the problems of realization of one of the key principles of public control – autonomy and independence of its subjects. It is emphasized that in any democratic state governed by the rule of law, the system of constitutional principles requires guarantees for their implementation, protection and defense. Meanwhile, the fundamental guarantee of people’s power and public participation in the management of state affairs (as the key principles of the Basic Law of the country) is the institution of public control. The author con-siders various points of view regarding the definition and content of the concepts of autonomy and independ-ence of subjects of public control in Russia, formalizes and substantiates the author’s definitions of these con-cepts. Besides, the main objective and subjective problems hindering the implementation, protection and de-fense of the mentioned principle of public control are formalized and investigated in the work. The following system of measures to resolve them has been developed and substantiated: a) by incorporating the above-mentioned institution of civil society and the system of its principles into the Basic Law of the country; b) by fix-ing the definition of the concept of the principle of autonomy and independence of subjects of public control in the legislation on public control; c) by expanding the list of powers of subjects of public control, ensuring their autonomy and independence, as well as their varieties; d) by changing the order of formation of subjects of public control (including organizational forms of public control) in the country; e) by consolidating a system of criminal and administrative-legal corpus delicti, by means of which any attempts of illegal influence on the ac-tivities of subjects of public control will be severely punished by the legislation; (e) through the introduction of modern technologies into the activities of subjects of public control, ensuring the realization of the above-mentioned principle.
{"title":"Autonomy and Independence of Subjects of Public Control in the Russian Federation as its Principle","authors":"Vitaly V. Goncharov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.9.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.9.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article touches upon the problems of realization of one of the key principles of public control – autonomy and independence of its subjects. It is emphasized that in any democratic state governed by the rule of law, the system of constitutional principles requires guarantees for their implementation, protection and defense. Meanwhile, the fundamental guarantee of people’s power and public participation in the management of state affairs (as the key principles of the Basic Law of the country) is the institution of public control. The author con-siders various points of view regarding the definition and content of the concepts of autonomy and independ-ence of subjects of public control in Russia, formalizes and substantiates the author’s definitions of these con-cepts. Besides, the main objective and subjective problems hindering the implementation, protection and de-fense of the mentioned principle of public control are formalized and investigated in the work. The following system of measures to resolve them has been developed and substantiated: a) by incorporating the above-mentioned institution of civil society and the system of its principles into the Basic Law of the country; b) by fix-ing the definition of the concept of the principle of autonomy and independence of subjects of public control in the legislation on public control; c) by expanding the list of powers of subjects of public control, ensuring their autonomy and independence, as well as their varieties; d) by changing the order of formation of subjects of public control (including organizational forms of public control) in the country; e) by consolidating a system of criminal and administrative-legal corpus delicti, by means of which any attempts of illegal influence on the ac-tivities of subjects of public control will be severely punished by the legislation; (e) through the introduction of modern technologies into the activities of subjects of public control, ensuring the realization of the above-mentioned principle.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the approaches to the regulation of migration processes by the major Eurosceptic parties. Based on the analysis of statistical information, it is established that the EU countries are among the world leaders in terms of the number of accepted migrants, which makes the migration agenda one of the most topi-cal and discussed in the EU countries. Large migration flows, among other risks, carry security risks. he events of New Year’s Eve in Cologne (2015), terrorist attacks in the editorial offices of Charlie Hebdo magazine (2015), Nice (2016), riots in France (2023), etc. have become a catalyst for the rise in anti-migrant sentiment and the growing popularity of parties advocating a tougher migration policy. In 2022, European countries are faced with a huge flow of refugees from the territory of Ukraine (more than 8 million according to the UN), which, despite being culturally and mentally much closer than migrants from Africa and the Middle East, in the absence of proper regulation can also be a source of economic and criminal problems, which again, as in 2015–2016, it necessary to pay close attention to the measures proposed by the parties of European skeptics.
{"title":"Population Migration as an Element of the Eurosceptic Agenda (Political-Managerial Analysis)","authors":"Timofey N. Potapov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.9.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.9.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the approaches to the regulation of migration processes by the major Eurosceptic parties. Based on the analysis of statistical information, it is established that the EU countries are among the world leaders in terms of the number of accepted migrants, which makes the migration agenda one of the most topi-cal and discussed in the EU countries. Large migration flows, among other risks, carry security risks. he events of New Year’s Eve in Cologne (2015), terrorist attacks in the editorial offices of Charlie Hebdo magazine (2015), Nice (2016), riots in France (2023), etc. have become a catalyst for the rise in anti-migrant sentiment and the growing popularity of parties advocating a tougher migration policy. In 2022, European countries are faced with a huge flow of refugees from the territory of Ukraine (more than 8 million according to the UN), which, despite being culturally and mentally much closer than migrants from Africa and the Middle East, in the absence of proper regulation can also be a source of economic and criminal problems, which again, as in 2015–2016, it necessary to pay close attention to the measures proposed by the parties of European skeptics.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the article is to study theoretical and methodological approaches and statutory and regulatory pro-visions that reveal the essence of the concepts of “adaptation of foreign migrants”, “integration of foreign mi-grants” and analyze the practical formats regulating the movement of foreign citizens in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in the context of the Strategy of State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. The work employs analytical and comparative methods of document research, methods of analyzing statistical data. According to the author’s conclusion, clarification of the theoretical, methodological and normative-legal definition of the concepts of “adaptation of foreign migrants” and “integration of foreign migrants” will provide clarification of the immigrant’s status in terms of the purpose and duration of his resi-dence in Russia. This will help to increase the targeting and transparency of political and managerial actions aimed at regulating the flows of foreign migrants, consisting of representatives of different nationalities, preaching different religions, having a different mentality, etc. Differentiation of foreign migrants and the host community by ethno-cultural characteristics creates a platform for the formation of different worldviews for both groups of the population. The results of the study can be used not only in scientific developments devoted to theoretical and methodological issues of the processes of “adaptation of foreign migrants” and “integration of foreign migrants”, but also in political and legal documents regulating the process of adaptation and integration of foreign migrants, differing in their level of motivation. Returning (labor) migrants are not always aimed at entering Russian society, and foreign citizens who have arrived in Russia for temporary and permanent resi-dence are distinguished by the development of intentions for integration.
{"title":"Immigrants in the Far Eastern Federal District: Adaptation and Integration Issues","authors":"Darima Ts. Budaeva","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.9.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.9.2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to study theoretical and methodological approaches and statutory and regulatory pro-visions that reveal the essence of the concepts of “adaptation of foreign migrants”, “integration of foreign mi-grants” and analyze the practical formats regulating the movement of foreign citizens in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in the context of the Strategy of State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. The work employs analytical and comparative methods of document research, methods of analyzing statistical data. According to the author’s conclusion, clarification of the theoretical, methodological and normative-legal definition of the concepts of “adaptation of foreign migrants” and “integration of foreign migrants” will provide clarification of the immigrant’s status in terms of the purpose and duration of his resi-dence in Russia. This will help to increase the targeting and transparency of political and managerial actions aimed at regulating the flows of foreign migrants, consisting of representatives of different nationalities, preaching different religions, having a different mentality, etc. Differentiation of foreign migrants and the host community by ethno-cultural characteristics creates a platform for the formation of different worldviews for both groups of the population. The results of the study can be used not only in scientific developments devoted to theoretical and methodological issues of the processes of “adaptation of foreign migrants” and “integration of foreign migrants”, but also in political and legal documents regulating the process of adaptation and integration of foreign migrants, differing in their level of motivation. Returning (labor) migrants are not always aimed at entering Russian society, and foreign citizens who have arrived in Russia for temporary and permanent resi-dence are distinguished by the development of intentions for integration.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to examine theoretical approaches to understanding the phenomenon of digital sover-eignty, its structure and function in the conditions of creation and implementation of information and telecom-munication technologies in various sectors of the country’s economic activity and the active process of digital transformation of public administration, changing the boundaries and instrumental base of ensuring national sovereignty of the country. The object – the process of digital transformation of public administration in the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the activities of digital transformation of public administration of various branches and levels of government, which have an impact on ensuring the digital sovereignty of the country. The paper analyzes the stages of penetration and use of digital technologies in public administration, basing on which the main directions and goals that are mandatory elements of ensuring the digital sovereignty of the country are defined, taking into account the increasing role of technology as an instrument of countries’ political confrontation in the international arena. Based on the results of the work, it is concluded that the active introduction of modern digital technologies in key areas of public administration and society requires ensuring state digital sovereignty, which, in turn, implies the creation of its own critical information and telecommunica-tion technologies, national independent infrastructure and information systems.
{"title":"Digital Transformation of Public Administration as a Factor to Ensure Digital Sovereignty in the Russian Federation","authors":"Elena V. Kubantseva","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.9.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.9.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to examine theoretical approaches to understanding the phenomenon of digital sover-eignty, its structure and function in the conditions of creation and implementation of information and telecom-munication technologies in various sectors of the country’s economic activity and the active process of digital transformation of public administration, changing the boundaries and instrumental base of ensuring national sovereignty of the country. The object – the process of digital transformation of public administration in the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the activities of digital transformation of public administration of various branches and levels of government, which have an impact on ensuring the digital sovereignty of the country. The paper analyzes the stages of penetration and use of digital technologies in public administration, basing on which the main directions and goals that are mandatory elements of ensuring the digital sovereignty of the country are defined, taking into account the increasing role of technology as an instrument of countries’ political confrontation in the international arena. Based on the results of the work, it is concluded that the active introduction of modern digital technologies in key areas of public administration and society requires ensuring state digital sovereignty, which, in turn, implies the creation of its own critical information and telecommunica-tion technologies, national independent infrastructure and information systems.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the practical activities of institutions to attract young people to state activities in the sub-jects of the Volga Federal District in 2021–2023. The author analyzes in detail the main directions of this work, implemented programs and activities. Building upon this, conclusion dwells upon the fact that there is a notice-able functional transformation of these institutions, their place and role in the political and legal system. Tradi-tional representative and rule-making functions of such structures, enshrined in regulatory documents, are now receding into the background, giving way to civic-educational, informational-educational and partly socializing functions. This is due to certain successes of the regional authorities in the field of the formation of civic identity and patriotic consciousness of young people. Nevertheless, such a strategy also leads to significant problems, the main of which is the inability to deal with critical attitudes among youth.
{"title":"Youth Engagement Institutions to State Activities in the Subjects of the Volga Federal District: Practical Work and Functional Transformations","authors":"Vladimir A. Moskalenko","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the practical activities of institutions to attract young people to state activities in the sub-jects of the Volga Federal District in 2021–2023. The author analyzes in detail the main directions of this work, implemented programs and activities. Building upon this, conclusion dwells upon the fact that there is a notice-able functional transformation of these institutions, their place and role in the political and legal system. Tradi-tional representative and rule-making functions of such structures, enshrined in regulatory documents, are now receding into the background, giving way to civic-educational, informational-educational and partly socializing functions. This is due to certain successes of the regional authorities in the field of the formation of civic identity and patriotic consciousness of young people. Nevertheless, such a strategy also leads to significant problems, the main of which is the inability to deal with critical attitudes among youth.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents statistical confirmation of the dynamic development of the tourism industry in Russia, which resumed after the pandemic 2020, and analyzes the demand for environmental and cultural and educa-tional tourism services. At the same time, there is a low degree of population involvement in the process of in-dustry digitalization. The global spread of the sustainable development concept has also affected the tourism sector, the peculiarity of which is the organization and maintenance of the movement of travelers' flows in space. The consequences of tourists’ activity on the way to the destination and on the host territory may be negative. In this regard, the quality management of this process should be carried out with long-term compli-ance with the balance of economic growth goals with environmental awareness and social responsibility. The realization of the idea of sustainable tourism is associated with its digital transformation, as well as the prob-lems of developing the intellectual capital of the territories. Due to the lack of clear terminological links in the system of sustainable tourism, the author clarified the essence and interrelation of the terms “sustainable tour-ism”, “smart tourism”, “digital tourism”, “intellectual tourism”, “educational tourism” and “ecological tourism”.
{"title":"Ecotourism and Smart Tourism in the Context of Sustainable Development of the Tourism Industry in Russia","authors":"Dinara V. Ralyk","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.19","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents statistical confirmation of the dynamic development of the tourism industry in Russia, which resumed after the pandemic 2020, and analyzes the demand for environmental and cultural and educa-tional tourism services. At the same time, there is a low degree of population involvement in the process of in-dustry digitalization. The global spread of the sustainable development concept has also affected the tourism sector, the peculiarity of which is the organization and maintenance of the movement of travelers' flows in space. The consequences of tourists’ activity on the way to the destination and on the host territory may be negative. In this regard, the quality management of this process should be carried out with long-term compli-ance with the balance of economic growth goals with environmental awareness and social responsibility. The realization of the idea of sustainable tourism is associated with its digital transformation, as well as the prob-lems of developing the intellectual capital of the territories. Due to the lack of clear terminological links in the system of sustainable tourism, the author clarified the essence and interrelation of the terms “sustainable tour-ism”, “smart tourism”, “digital tourism”, “intellectual tourism”, “educational tourism” and “ecological tourism”.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra А. Chudaeva, Olga A. Sapova, Anton Yu. Sapov
The changes that have taken place in the world order in recent years are reflected in scientific concepts de-scribing transformation processes. In the eighties of the XX century, the SPOD-world was replaced by the VUCA-world, and total digitalization, the coronavirus pandemic and geopolitical conflicts gave rise to the BANI-world, the transition to which from the VUCA-world, according to many researchers, is not yet complete. The era of change is affecting businesses that need to plan for and invest in their future. In a highly uncertain environ-ment, forecasting is difficult but necessary. Moreover, this should be done taking into account the peculiarities inherent in the present period of time – the high level of riskiness of investments, the innovative nature of the digital technologies used, and so on. Enterprises in the extractive and manufacturing industries are of key im-portance for the Russian economy. Their development and modernization are identified by the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin as a priority direction of the state policy. Putin has identified their development and modernization as a priority direction of state policy. Companies in Russia’s extractive and manufacturing industries have a high degree of wear and tear on machinery and equipment and need to upgrade them. In modern conditions, it is advisable to do it on an innovative basis, using digital technologies that allow to reduce transaction costs, level the influence of the human factor on some processes, increase the speed of product development and creation, etc. Currently, some Russian extractive and manufacturing companies are imple-menting various digital solutions, but in order to meet the Government’s objectives of import substitution, tech-nological sovereignty and digital transformation, the number of such companies must increase significantly. However, there are limitations to the incorporation of digital technologies in the activities of enterprises due to uncertainty and the risks it generates, the significant amount of investment required to implement projects for the development and modernization of enterprises using digital technologies, and the need not to increase the level of social tension in society. State support measures are aimed at overcoming these obstacles, the use of which, according to the authors of the article, will allow to solve not only the problems of enterprises using them, but also to transfer the developed technologies to other enterprises and other industries.
{"title":"Development and Modernization of Russian Extractive and Manufacturing Industries Using Digi-tal Technologies in a Transforming World: Investment Aspect","authors":"Alexandra А. Chudaeva, Olga A. Sapova, Anton Yu. Sapov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.20","url":null,"abstract":"The changes that have taken place in the world order in recent years are reflected in scientific concepts de-scribing transformation processes. In the eighties of the XX century, the SPOD-world was replaced by the VUCA-world, and total digitalization, the coronavirus pandemic and geopolitical conflicts gave rise to the BANI-world, the transition to which from the VUCA-world, according to many researchers, is not yet complete. The era of change is affecting businesses that need to plan for and invest in their future. In a highly uncertain environ-ment, forecasting is difficult but necessary. Moreover, this should be done taking into account the peculiarities inherent in the present period of time – the high level of riskiness of investments, the innovative nature of the digital technologies used, and so on. Enterprises in the extractive and manufacturing industries are of key im-portance for the Russian economy. Their development and modernization are identified by the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin as a priority direction of the state policy. Putin has identified their development and modernization as a priority direction of state policy. Companies in Russia’s extractive and manufacturing industries have a high degree of wear and tear on machinery and equipment and need to upgrade them. In modern conditions, it is advisable to do it on an innovative basis, using digital technologies that allow to reduce transaction costs, level the influence of the human factor on some processes, increase the speed of product development and creation, etc. Currently, some Russian extractive and manufacturing companies are imple-menting various digital solutions, but in order to meet the Government’s objectives of import substitution, tech-nological sovereignty and digital transformation, the number of such companies must increase significantly. However, there are limitations to the incorporation of digital technologies in the activities of enterprises due to uncertainty and the risks it generates, the significant amount of investment required to implement projects for the development and modernization of enterprises using digital technologies, and the need not to increase the level of social tension in society. State support measures are aimed at overcoming these obstacles, the use of which, according to the authors of the article, will allow to solve not only the problems of enterprises using them, but also to transfer the developed technologies to other enterprises and other industries.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, international artificial intelligence (AI) governance regimes are taking shape. In this article, the author identifies key trends and characterizes the activities of the main actors of this process at the global, regional and bilateral levels. The existence of two approaches to AI governance is proved. At the global level, “soft law” norms are being created. However, an approach has emerged in Europe that involves the development of le-gally binding rules. It is emphasized that Western countries predominantly conduct activities on AI not under the auspices of the UN, but within less inclusive organizations, making global governance of the technology inef-fective. It is also revealed that in the field of artificial intelligence regulation, states prefer to work in a multilat-eral format and there are no bilateral agreements. At the same time, despite the fact that most of the initiatives are being developed by existing organizations, there is a tendency to create new international bodies. In addi-tion, it is revealed that various regional organizations have started to work on AI regulation, and this may lead to the formation of several international regimes and the fragmentation of AI global governance.
{"title":"Formation of International Artificial Intelligence Governance Regimes: Key Trends and Main Actors","authors":"Dmitry P. Vasilyev","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.9","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, international artificial intelligence (AI) governance regimes are taking shape. In this article, the author identifies key trends and characterizes the activities of the main actors of this process at the global, regional and bilateral levels. The existence of two approaches to AI governance is proved. At the global level, “soft law” norms are being created. However, an approach has emerged in Europe that involves the development of le-gally binding rules. It is emphasized that Western countries predominantly conduct activities on AI not under the auspices of the UN, but within less inclusive organizations, making global governance of the technology inef-fective. It is also revealed that in the field of artificial intelligence regulation, states prefer to work in a multilat-eral format and there are no bilateral agreements. At the same time, despite the fact that most of the initiatives are being developed by existing organizations, there is a tendency to create new international bodies. In addi-tion, it is revealed that various regional organizations have started to work on AI regulation, and this may lead to the formation of several international regimes and the fragmentation of AI global governance.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rational organization of the production infrastructure of an industrial enterprise has a significant impact on the level of profitability of production. New technologies for integrating business processes are evolving in the face of industrial automation. The aim of the article is to diagnose the level of economic dependence of the core production on the production infrastructure. As a research method, the algorithm of the ensemble method of machine learning “Random Forest” is proposed. The parameters that quantitatively and qualitatively describe the costs of main and auxiliary production, the costs of repair facilities, and the level of production efficiency have been developed. Approbation of the algorithm on the example of chemical enterprises allowed distin-guishing three classes of productions by the nature of the organization of production infrastructure and its par-ticipation in the core production. The quality of the obtained models is evaluated by calculating the risk of mis-classification and the magnitude of cumulative lift, where the class with the most correct classification results is highlighted. Results obtained are primary diagnostics of the organization and capacity utilization of the produc-tion infrastructure in order to make decisions on business process restructuring.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Core Production Dependence on Production Infrastructure Based on Ensemble Method of Machine Learning","authors":"Aleksey I. Shinkevich, Tatyana V. Malysheva","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.14","url":null,"abstract":"The rational organization of the production infrastructure of an industrial enterprise has a significant impact on the level of profitability of production. New technologies for integrating business processes are evolving in the face of industrial automation. The aim of the article is to diagnose the level of economic dependence of the core production on the production infrastructure. As a research method, the algorithm of the ensemble method of machine learning “Random Forest” is proposed. The parameters that quantitatively and qualitatively describe the costs of main and auxiliary production, the costs of repair facilities, and the level of production efficiency have been developed. Approbation of the algorithm on the example of chemical enterprises allowed distin-guishing three classes of productions by the nature of the organization of production infrastructure and its par-ticipation in the core production. The quality of the obtained models is evaluated by calculating the risk of mis-classification and the magnitude of cumulative lift, where the class with the most correct classification results is highlighted. Results obtained are primary diagnostics of the organization and capacity utilization of the produc-tion infrastructure in order to make decisions on business process restructuring.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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