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Scientific and Theoretical Aspects of Stimulating Innovation and Investment Drivers for the Development of the Regional Economy’s High-Tech Sector 激发创新和投资驱动区域经济高技术产业发展的科学理论研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.12
Yuri A. Doroshenko, Irina O. Malykhina, Ekaterina D. Schetinina
The study is focused on the problem of analyzing the mechanisms and tools for activating innovation and in-vestment drivers for the development of the regional economy’s high-tech sector. Emerging contradictions in the processes of globalization and cooperation, underlying the international system of interaction between economic entities, lead to the need to develop and improve the high-tech sector of the domestic economy, sus-tainable to modern challenges, self-sufficient at all stages of the innovation process, which confirms the rele-vance of the study. In this regard, the most important issue in the context of the identified problems is the search for and stimulation of economic development drivers of the regional economic system. This paper stud-ies the innovation and investment nature of the drivers, as which high-tech industries are proposed. The aim of the study is to improve methodological approaches and scientific and theoretical provisions for improving the efficiency of high-tech production sites of innovation and investment genesis. The following research methods were used: the method of comparison, theoretical generalization, scientific abstraction, deduction, induction, generalization, etc. As a result of the conducted research, a system of management measures is proposed to intensify the development of the regional economy’s high-tech sector.
研究的重点是分析激活区域经济高新技术产业发展的创新和投资动力的机制和工具问题。全球化和合作进程中出现的矛盾,是经济实体之间互动的国际体系的基础,导致需要发展和改善国内经济的高科技部门,可持续应对现代挑战,在创新过程的各个阶段自给自足,这证实了研究的相关性。在这些问题中,最重要的问题是寻找和激发区域经济体系的经济发展动力。本文研究了驱动因素的创新和投资性质,并以此提出了高新技术产业。本研究的目的是为提高创新和投资起源的高科技生产场所的效率提供方法方法和科学理论依据。研究方法主要有:比较法、理论概括法、科学抽象法、演绎法、归纳法、概括法等。根据研究结果,提出了加强区域经济高新技术产业发展的管理措施体系。
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引用次数: 0
National Ideas and State Mottos as a Reflection of Society’s Spiritual Values: Theory and Practice 民族观念与国家格言是社会精神价值的反映:理论与实践
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.4
Nina O. Voskresenskaya, Elena A. Yalozina
Issues significant for every person and society as a whole are considered in the article: whether a country can be successful without a national idea as a concentrated expression of spiritual values of the people and without a state motto – its short verbal formula; what spiritual values are reflected in the state mottos of the countries of the world and whether there is a relationship between the level of development of a country and its state motto; whether the state motto of modern Russia is necessary and, if so, what its content can be. The topic is relevant since state mottos as an element of state symbols, are able to influence the people’s worldview and behavior and set the basic parameters of human social activity. It is shown that the values outlined in the state mottos of many countries with different levels of development coincide in many respects; the types of state mottos in the context of their advantages and limitations are highlighted; the formula of the state motto for modern Russia is proposed.
文章考虑了对每个人和整个社会都很重要的问题:一个国家能否在没有集中表达人民精神价值的国家理念和没有国家格言的情况下取得成功;世界各国的国训体现了什么样的精神价值,一个国家的发展水平与其国训之间是否存在关系;现代俄罗斯的国训是否必要,如果必要,其内容是什么。国家格言作为国家象征的一个元素,能够影响人们的世界观和行为,并设定人类社会活动的基本参数,因此这个话题是相关的。研究表明,许多发展水平不同的国家的国训所概括的价值观在许多方面是一致的;强调了国家格言的类型及其优势和局限性;提出了现代俄罗斯的国训公式。
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引用次数: 0
Elections оf Deputies to the Legislative Assembly of the Krasnodar Krai in 2022: Features оf Electoral Behavior 2022年克拉斯诺达尔边疆区立法会议代表选举:特色选举行为
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.5
Yulia V. Kostenko
The relevance of the topic is that the elections of legislative assemblies of the Russian Federation subjects re-flect the regional peculiarities of the agenda and public opinion, the level of political self-organization and awareness, ideological orientations of the electorate. The elections of 2022 are the first in the Krasnodar Krai held under conditions of a special military operation and, consequently, experienced changes in the agenda and priorities of citizens. Based on the example of Krasnodar Krai, the topic has been insufficiently researched. The article establishes the features of electoral behavior in the elections of deputies to the Legislative Assem-bly of the Krasnodar Krai (September 2022). The work is based on the concept of socio-cultural divisions, dia-chronic comparative analysis, axiological approach, and institutionalism. The author identified the reasons for the increase in voter turnout and changes in the level of support for political parties, territorial differences in support for political parties, the consequences of legislative changes: the introduction of three-day voting and the predominance of deputies elected in single-member districts over those elected on party lists. Territorial differences in support for political parties consist in increased preference for the “United Russia” party in rural areas and small towns, while support for opposition parties is typical for large cities. The materials and conclu-sions of the article are applicable in forecasting the results of the presidential elections of 2024 on the example of the Krasnodar Krai.
本专题的相关性在于,俄罗斯联邦各主体立法议会的选举反映了议程和公众舆论的区域特点、政治自我组织和意识的水平、选民的意识形态取向。2022年的选举是在特殊军事行动条件下在克拉斯诺达尔边疆区举行的第一次选举,因此经历了议程和公民优先事项的变化。以克拉斯诺达尔边疆区为例,对这一问题的研究还不够充分。本文确立了2022年9月克拉斯诺达尔边疆区立法议会代表选举中的选举行为特征。这项工作是基于社会文化划分、中长期比较分析、价值论方法和制度主义的概念。作者指出了选民投票率增加的原因,政党支持率变化的原因,各地区对政党支持率的差异,立法变化的后果:实行三天投票,在单一议员选区当选的议员比在政党名单上当选的议员占优势。各政党在支持方面的地域差异包括农村地区和小城镇对“统一俄罗斯党”的偏好增加,而大城市则普遍支持反对党。本文的材料和结论适用于以克拉斯诺达尔边疆区为例预测2024年总统选举结果。
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引用次数: 0
Xi Jinping’s “Deadline” Thinking in Government
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.10
Miao Tian
The paper shows the necessity of using the “deadline” thinking approach in public administration, supported by the facts of the state of the current international situation and the internal factors that are developing in Chinese society. The challenge of this paper is to reveal the essence of Xi Jinping’s “deadline” thinking approach in governmental organization. The aim of the study is to discuss Xi Jinping’s current public policy as an example of a productive manifestation of “deadline” thinking in political decision-making. The article uses theoretical research methods (analysis, synthesis) and presents structured material – the experience of using Xi Jinping’s “deadline” thinking in the state structure. It is demonstrated that in governing China, due to “deadline” thinking, the formation of a strategy for building socialism with Chinese specificity on the basis of overcoming complex domestic and international situations is actively taking place. The relevance of using this type of thinking is justi-fied by Xi Jinping as a struggle against negative manifestations in Chinese society, which are obstacles in building socialism with Chinese specificity – corruption, weak scientific and technological potential, factors threatening public security. Such a bottomline (deadline) concept, according to Xi Jinping, will strengthen the Party’s performance and enhance its legitimacy. As part of his activities, Xi Jinping also makes proposals, spe-cific and targeted – the fight against bureaucracy and formalism, setting the level of official morality, tightening party discipline, and preventing criminal violations within parties. One of Xi Jinping’s strengths is not only dis-cussion, but also concrete proposals for reform of the economic system, reform of the ecological system, re-form of the political system, and reform of the social and cultural system.
本文结合当前国际形势和中国社会发展的内在因素,论证了在公共管理中运用“期限”思维方法的必要性。在治国理政中,由于“期限”思维,在克服复杂的国内外形势的基础上,积极形成具有中国特色的社会主义战略。
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引用次数: 0
On the Issue of Digitalization Policy and its Impact on the Education System in the All-Russian Context (Threats and Risks) 全俄背景下数字化政策问题及其对教育系统的影响(威胁与风险)
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.6
Nikita S. Forostiannyi, Anna A. Sukhova, Artem R. Bragin
The paper argues for the idea that the education system influences managerial decision-making at the public and private levels, which ultimately determines the society’s quality of life and the state of the country’s security. Hence, it seems important to study the process of digitalization, which has changed and is changing all spheres of society, including the educational process. Studying the process of digitalization of education means con-ducting various kinds of monitoring, assessments and ratings that reflect the level of development of digital transformation and the impact on the quality of educational services. The use of digital technologies ensures both the satisfaction of the growing needs of modern society and its socio-economic development. Neverthe-less, the active process of digitalization carries potential threats and risks that need to be taken into account when implementing the digital transformation strategy in all object sectors.
本文认为,教育制度影响公共和私人层面的管理决策,最终决定了社会的生活质量和国家的安全状况。因此,研究数字化进程似乎很重要,它已经改变并正在改变社会的各个领域,包括教育过程。研究教育数字化进程,就是要对数字化转型的发展水平和对教育服务质量的影响进行各种监测、评估和评级。数字技术的使用既能满足现代社会日益增长的需求,又能保证社会经济的发展。然而,数字化的积极进程带来了潜在的威胁和风险,在所有目标部门实施数字化转型战略时需要考虑这些威胁和风险。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-Crisis as a Factor of Changes in Political Participation 新冠肺炎危机是政治参与变化的一个因素
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.7
Islam I. Gandaloev
In this article, the author summarizes the results of the study on the COVID-19 impact of the pandemic on politi-cal participation, namely its mechanics and consequences. Due to the importance of this phenomenon for po-litical development and the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, this study is relevant and has novelty fea-tures. It is emphasized that the spread of coronavirus infection caused a large-scale COVID-crisis in many countries worldwide, distinguished by such characteristics as complexity, atemporality, non-linearity and disin-tegration. Simultaneously, it has become a crisis of public-power relations and a factor of changes in political participation. As the author argues, the COVID-crisis affected both electoral and protest participation of citizens in the countries studied by the author: in some cases it increased the level of public support for the ultra-right parties, in others – intensified direct civic actions.
在这篇文章中,作者总结了COVID-19大流行对政治参与影响的研究成果,即其机制和后果。由于这一现象对政治发展的重要性以及疫情的空前性质,本研究具有相关性和新颖性。强调新型冠状病毒感染的传播在全球许多国家引发了大规模疫情危机,疫情具有复杂性、非时效性、非线性和解体性等特点。同时,它也成为公共权力关系的危机和政治参与变化的因素。正如提交人所说,在提交人所研究的国家,新冠肺炎危机影响了公民的选举和抗议参与:在某些情况下,它提高了公众对极右翼政党的支持程度,在其他情况下,它加剧了直接的公民行动。
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引用次数: 0
Tools for Ensuring the Economic Security of the Region 确保本地区经济安全的工具
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.13
Lyudmila V. Pushkareva
The primary objective of the study is to develop proposals for improving the economic security of the regions (EBR) of the Russian Federation. To achieve this goal, it is worthwhile to solve the following tasks: to investigate the essence, factors and threats of EBR provision; to study the available tools for this purpose, as well as indica-tors of economic security assessment; to identify threats; to develop recommendations for improving the exist-ing system. In the course of the work, the following methods are used: monitoring, classification, synthesis, economic analysis, comparison, as well as scientific reviews, works of domestic and foreign authors on ensur-ing the EBR are studied. In order to assess the EBR and identify threats, measures aimed at minimizing nega-tive consequences in the event of crisis situations, as well as methodological approach to the analysis and evaluation of the EBR on the example of the Republic of Tyva are proposed. This approach differs from the already known ones in that it is considered on the example of EB indicators of a specific region. Scientific nov-elty of the research: problems in the field of EBR are revealed; elements of the EBR management mechanism are identified; objects of economic security analysis are structured by type and two groups of indicators are proposed; theoretical conclusions are made. The study highlights the most effective tools for ensuring the EBR as monitoring, regulatory mechanism, risk management system, expert evaluation of the results of financial and economic activities of the region. To analyze the EBR according to the relevant indicators, the following groups of objects can be distinguished: demographic, scientific and technical, social, environmental, produc-tion, investment indicators. The analysis carried out can be the basis for making managerial decisions by the leadership of the region, and first of all, to improve the quality of life of the population.
这项研究的主要目的是拟订改善俄罗斯联邦各区域(EBR)经济安全的建议。为实现这一目标,有必要解决以下问题:研究EBR提供的本质、影响因素和威胁;研究可用于这一目的的工具以及经济安全评估的指标;识别威胁;就改善现有制度提出建议。在工作过程中,采用了监测、分类、综合、经济分析、比较和科学综述等方法,对国内外作者在保障EBR方面的工作进行了研究。为了评估欧洲应急反应和确定威胁,建议采取措施,尽量减少危机情况下的消极后果,并以蒂瓦共和国为例,提出分析和评价欧洲应急反应的方法。这种方法与已知方法的不同之处在于,它是以特定区域的EB指标为例进行考虑的。研究的科学新颖性:揭示了EBR领域存在的问题;确定了EBR管理机制的要素;按类型构建经济安全分析对象,提出两组指标;得出了理论结论。该研究强调了确保EBR最有效的工具是监测、监管机制、风险管理系统、对该区域金融和经济活动结果的专家评估。根据相关指标对EBR进行分析,可以区分以下几组对象:人口指标、科学技术指标、社会指标、环境指标、生产指标、投资指标。所进行的分析可以成为该地区领导人做出管理决策的基础,首先是提高人口的生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Problems of Implementing Major Projects in the Oil and Gas Industry 石油天然气行业重大项目实施中的问题
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.15
Natalia V. Zykova, Sergey Yu. Agaurov
The article examines the modern oil and gas market. Based on the study and generalization of information and analytical resources, the need for greater transparency of data on the oil and gas market both in Russia and in the leading supplying countries is revealed. The relevance of the topic is due to the limited awareness of oil market participants and varied information. However, the scientific novelty of the study lies in reviewing the oil market and identifying the problems, namely most of the megaprojects in mineral extraction have faced budget overruns, backlogs, high external dependence, and environmental pollution. Appropriate countermeasures are proposed to address these problems: it is necessary to improve the ability of domestic oil and gas enterprises to withstand risks in response to volatile oil and gas prices caused by international trade disputes and sanc-tions; phasing out obsolete oil refining capacities; diversification of oil supply sources can help increase do-mestic production, enrich sources of oil imports, increase foreign investment and create strategic oil reserves.
本文考察了现代油气市场。基于对信息和分析资源的研究和概括,揭示了提高俄罗斯和主要供应国石油和天然气市场数据透明度的必要性。这个话题的相关性是由于石油市场参与者的意识有限和信息的多样性。然而,该研究的科学新颖之处在于回顾了石油市场并发现了问题,即大多数大型矿产开采项目都面临预算超支、积压、高度对外依赖和环境污染等问题。针对这些问题,提出了相应的对策:应对国际贸易争端和制裁导致的油气价格波动,需要提高国内油气企业抵御风险的能力;逐步淘汰过时的炼油能力;石油供应来源的多样化有助于增加国内产量,丰富石油进口来源,增加外国投资和创造战略石油储备。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Structural Features of the Production and Economic System of the Region in Terms of the Practice of Introducing Information Elements to Support the Implementation of Innovative Processes 从引入信息要素支持创新流程实施的实践看区域生产和经济系统的结构特征
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.16
Elena A. Kirillova, Evgeny P. Malevich
In modern conditions, business processes aimed at creating and implementing innovations have become quite complicated. Increasingly, such processes are implemented within the framework of cooperative formatting of various forms. One of the most popular in practice are regional scientific and industrial clusters. At the same time, their functioning and the implementation of the creation goals directly depend on the interaction of partic-ipants with each other and with infrastructure elements, which is increasingly implemented using information systems. In this regard, the aim of the study is: to formulate recommendations on the usage, adaptation and dissemination of systems to ensure secure information interchange of territorial scientific and industrial clusters and decision-making support for their management, based on a basic set of conditions and the potential for their realization, as well as the costs of implementation. To do this, using the example of one of the Central Federal District regions, the structural features of the production and economic system are analyzed and key features in the nature, time and scale of the effects of innovative processes in them are identified.
在现代条件下,旨在创建和实现创新的业务流程已经变得相当复杂。这些过程越来越多地在各种形式的协作格式化框架内实现。在实践中最流行的一种是区域科技和产业集群。同时,它们的功能和创造目标的实现直接依赖于参与者彼此之间以及与基础设施要素之间的互动,这种互动越来越多地使用信息系统来实现。在这方面,这项研究的目的是:根据一套基本条件和实现这些条件的潜力以及执行的费用,就系统的使用、调整和传播提出建议,以确保领土科学和工业集群的安全信息交换,并为其管理提供决策支助。为此,本文以中央联邦区为例,分析了生产和经济系统的结构特征,并确定了其中创新过程影响的性质、时间和规模的关键特征。
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引用次数: 0
Political and Economic Effects of the Far Eastern Federal District Center Relocation (2018–2021) 远东联邦区中心搬迁的政治经济效应(2018-2021年)
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2023.8.3
Vasiliy A. Vasiliev
The article attempts to analyze the causes and socio-economic indicators of the Far Eastern Federal District after the relocation of its center from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in 2018. Due to the unprecedented nature of such a management act, its consequences are one of the least studied areas of political science. As a result of the conducted research, the author concludes that the relocation of the federal district center contributed to the acceleration of Vladivostok’s development dynamics in a number of socio-economic indicators: financial, con-struction, investment, demographic. In addition, the superimposition of the effects of such a solution contributed to obtaining additional positive externalities. The topic of the work is of great scientific and practical interest, the research materials may be of interest to both scientists – researchers of the issue and practitioners – specialists in the field of public administration.
本文试图分析远东联邦区中心于2018年从哈巴罗夫斯克迁至符拉迪沃斯托克后的原因和社会经济指标。由于这种管理行为的空前性质,其后果是政治学中研究最少的领域之一。根据所进行的研究,作者得出结论,联邦地区中心的搬迁有助于加速符拉迪沃斯托克在一些社会经济指标方面的发展动态:金融,建筑,投资,人口。此外,这种解决办法的叠加效应有助于获得额外的积极外部性。这项工作的主题具有重大的科学和实际意义,研究材料可能对科学家- -研究该问题的人员和实践者- -公共行政领域的专家都感兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
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Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo
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