Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v6i1.67775
S. S. Raikhola
This article presents a comprehensive study of the life and contributions of Pandit. Laxmi Pati Pandey, a distinguished mathematician and astrologer from 18th-century Nepal. The historical context is explored to understand the intertwining of mathematics and astronomy in Nepalese culture, with a focus on the significance of mathematical induction and the evolution of mathematical thought in Shah era of Nepal. It outlines the historical relationship between mathematics and astronomy in Indian culture, emphasizing the close connection between the two disciplines. It also highlights the emergence of mathematical techniques in Siddhiintas, focusing on their application to solve astronomical problems. The study delves into Laxmi Pati Pandey's mathematical works, including his notable translation of book "Bhaswati," and Sanskrit Text "Ratna Deep". The study adopts a qualitative research design, incorporating historical analysis, content analysis, and interviews. Archival research, literature review, and interviews with descendants and experts are conducted to gather information on Laxmi Pati Pandey's background, contributions, and educational practices. Ethical considerations are highlighted to ensure the respectful treatment of information. Thematic analysis is employed to interpret collected data, identifying key themes related to Laxmi Pati Pandey's contributions and educational practices. The analysis involves a comparison of his work with historical sources to identify potential influences and contributions to Nepali mathematics. The findings reveal Laxmi Pati Pandey's significant contributions to mathematics and astronomy, including the translation of Sanskrit slokas into Nepali and the writing of mathematical books. His influence on educational practices and the development of mathematical education in Nepal is evident. The study uncovers his intellectual legacy through his descendants, such as Lila Nath Pandey and Gopal Pandey.
{"title":"Contribution of Laxmi Pati Pandey: A Comprehensive Study of Nepali Mathematician and Astrologer","authors":"S. S. Raikhola","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v6i1.67775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v6i1.67775","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive study of the life and contributions of Pandit. Laxmi Pati Pandey, a distinguished mathematician and astrologer from 18th-century Nepal. The historical context is explored to understand the intertwining of mathematics and astronomy in Nepalese culture, with a focus on the significance of mathematical induction and the evolution of mathematical thought in Shah era of Nepal. It outlines the historical relationship between mathematics and astronomy in Indian culture, emphasizing the close connection between the two disciplines. It also highlights the emergence of mathematical techniques in Siddhiintas, focusing on their application to solve astronomical problems. The study delves into Laxmi Pati Pandey's mathematical works, including his notable translation of book \"Bhaswati,\" and Sanskrit Text \"Ratna Deep\". The study adopts a qualitative research design, incorporating historical analysis, content analysis, and interviews. Archival research, literature review, and interviews with descendants and experts are conducted to gather information on Laxmi Pati Pandey's background, contributions, and educational practices. Ethical considerations are highlighted to ensure the respectful treatment of information. Thematic analysis is employed to interpret collected data, identifying key themes related to Laxmi Pati Pandey's contributions and educational practices. The analysis involves a comparison of his work with historical sources to identify potential influences and contributions to Nepali mathematics. The findings reveal Laxmi Pati Pandey's significant contributions to mathematics and astronomy, including the translation of Sanskrit slokas into Nepali and the writing of mathematical books. His influence on educational practices and the development of mathematical education in Nepal is evident. The study uncovers his intellectual legacy through his descendants, such as Lila Nath Pandey and Gopal Pandey.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"35 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59547
Kamal Prasad Koirala
Phenomenological research tries to describe and interpret meanings of experiences to a certain degree in-depth about the historical and sacred scripture and tried to explore the live experience of people about the phenomenon. There are mainly two types of phenomenology such as heuristic transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutic phenomenology. The heuristic transcendental phenomenology was used first by Husserl as descriptive or psychological or empirical phenomenology and it was developed as heuristic transcendental phenomenology. In heuristic transcendental phenomenology, Suspension or Reduction, Bracketing (epoche) is used to place researchers' preconceptions about the phenomenon at the edge of the writing. The hermeneutic phenomenology is used to understand the meaning of historical scripture such as Veda, Kuran, Bahagvat Geeta, Ramayan and other old scripture through the learning cycle being reflective and critical. So phenomenology works as the philosophy and qualitative research design to guide the whole research process.
{"title":"Phenomenology: Application for the exploration of the live experiences of participants and historical text","authors":"Kamal Prasad Koirala","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59547","url":null,"abstract":"Phenomenological research tries to describe and interpret meanings of experiences to a certain degree in-depth about the historical and sacred scripture and tried to explore the live experience of people about the phenomenon. There are mainly two types of phenomenology such as heuristic transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutic phenomenology. The heuristic transcendental phenomenology was used first by Husserl as descriptive or psychological or empirical phenomenology and it was developed as heuristic transcendental phenomenology. In heuristic transcendental phenomenology, Suspension or Reduction, Bracketing (epoche) is used to place researchers' preconceptions about the phenomenon at the edge of the writing. The hermeneutic phenomenology is used to understand the meaning of historical scripture such as Veda, Kuran, Bahagvat Geeta, Ramayan and other old scripture through the learning cycle being reflective and critical. So phenomenology works as the philosophy and qualitative research design to guide the whole research process.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"30 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59549
Sirjana Poudel, Ganga Panta
Growth spurts and menarche in adolescent Girls increase iron requirements. Iron deficiency anemia, one of the common nutritional deficiency condition of adolescent girls, is related to poor dietary intake and lack of iron supplementation puts them into the high risk group. The objective of this study is to find out the “Knowledge regarding Iron Deficiency Anemia among Adolescent girls. Descriptive cross-sectional study design was used for the study. Among the 5 government school of this Municipality, three were selected by simple random method and among those schools probability proportional sampling was used for the selection of the adolescent girls of the schools. Data were collected from 156 adolescent school girls through self-administered structured questionnaire developed by researcher and analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used for the analysis. This study revealed that more than half (53.2%) of the adolescents girls had low knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia and remaining had just moderate knowledge. There was significant association between age (p=0.03), education (p= 0.001) and father’s occupation (p=0.004) with level of knowledge on iron deficiency anemia. The study concludes that adolescent girls have low knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia, so school administration need to plan and organize anemia preventive campaign and provide information, education and communication (IEC) materials and screening services related to anemia.
{"title":"Knowledge regarding of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Adolescent Girls of Chitwan","authors":"Sirjana Poudel, Ganga Panta","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59549","url":null,"abstract":"Growth spurts and menarche in adolescent Girls increase iron requirements. Iron deficiency anemia, one of the common nutritional deficiency condition of adolescent girls, is related to poor dietary intake and lack of iron supplementation puts them into the high risk group. The objective of this study is to find out the “Knowledge regarding Iron Deficiency Anemia among Adolescent girls. Descriptive cross-sectional study design was used for the study. Among the 5 government school of this Municipality, three were selected by simple random method and among those schools probability proportional sampling was used for the selection of the adolescent girls of the schools. Data were collected from 156 adolescent school girls through self-administered structured questionnaire developed by researcher and analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used for the analysis. This study revealed that more than half (53.2%) of the adolescents girls had low knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia and remaining had just moderate knowledge. There was significant association between age (p=0.03), education (p= 0.001) and father’s occupation (p=0.004) with level of knowledge on iron deficiency anemia. The study concludes that adolescent girls have low knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia, so school administration need to plan and organize anemia preventive campaign and provide information, education and communication (IEC) materials and screening services related to anemia.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"30 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59598
Komal Prasad Phuyal
Humanity has undergone multiple crises across time and place along with the evolution of organized human settlement. Generally, human assumptions are supposed to take a rational course of action in society as we carry out various transactions in our quotidian life. However, fissures emerge as errors in human imagination about polity and organized society in the form of wars, leading to larger scale unresolved issues. On the other hand, human beings also face natural microorganisms like bacteria or virus leading to global crises. Humanity has confronted such tension, resulting from such disasters. Such concerns of crises have turned into the subject of contemplation for Nepali literary geniuses in the 1960s. This paper concentrates on two major literary texts from the time: Parijat’s Shirishko Phool (1964) and B. P. Koirala’s Narendra Dai (1970). Textually analyzing the data, this paper examines the mode of reflection on human crises in Nepali literature by analyzing the impacts of consumption as pandemic in Koirala and the World War as the cause of human misery in Parijat. In fact, Koirala’s novella stands as a literary response to pandemic of consumption in his time. This study places Koirala first in the chronology, for his novella, Narendra Dai covers the time span beginning from the end of the World War I (1918) to the great earthquake (1934) in Nepal. Furthermore, Parijat’s Shirishko Phool primarily presents Nepali social world after the World War II. The critical conditions have resulted in miserable state of life at the time. Human beings suffer in both conditions; still, they display high courage and sense of moral integrity to fight against the critical situations in their life.
{"title":"Reflection on Humanity in Crises: Consumption and World War in Nepali Literature","authors":"Komal Prasad Phuyal","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59598","url":null,"abstract":"Humanity has undergone multiple crises across time and place along with the evolution of organized human settlement. Generally, human assumptions are supposed to take a rational course of action in society as we carry out various transactions in our quotidian life. However, fissures emerge as errors in human imagination about polity and organized society in the form of wars, leading to larger scale unresolved issues. On the other hand, human beings also face natural microorganisms like bacteria or virus leading to global crises. Humanity has confronted such tension, resulting from such disasters. Such concerns of crises have turned into the subject of contemplation for Nepali literary geniuses in the 1960s. This paper concentrates on two major literary texts from the time: Parijat’s Shirishko Phool (1964) and B. P. Koirala’s Narendra Dai (1970). Textually analyzing the data, this paper examines the mode of reflection on human crises in Nepali literature by analyzing the impacts of consumption as pandemic in Koirala and the World War as the cause of human misery in Parijat. In fact, Koirala’s novella stands as a literary response to pandemic of consumption in his time. This study places Koirala first in the chronology, for his novella, Narendra Dai covers the time span beginning from the end of the World War I (1918) to the great earthquake (1934) in Nepal. Furthermore, Parijat’s Shirishko Phool primarily presents Nepali social world after the World War II. The critical conditions have resulted in miserable state of life at the time. Human beings suffer in both conditions; still, they display high courage and sense of moral integrity to fight against the critical situations in their life.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"34 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59555
Raju Bhai Manandhar, Jagat Timilsina
The major objective of the study is to investigate the relationship and impact of over speed, negligence, and poor vehicle conditions on road traffic accidents in Nepal. The study targeted drivers of two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles as a population. 100 respondents were selected through a simple random sampling technique based on the police report list during the last 5 years of Kathmandu Valley. Primary data was the source of information and was collected using a well-structured, five-point Likert scale survey. Cronbach's Alpha coefficients were used to examine the internal consistency of the factors and an independent sample t-test was adopted to analyze differences in road traffic accidents, over speed, overload, and poor vehicle condition in terms of gender. Mean, standard deviation, variance, and correlation were adopted to analyze the data systematically to derive the findings. The study found a relationship between speed and negligence in road traffic accidents in Kathmandu Valley. However, a strong relationship exists between poor vehicle conditions road traffic accidents. The study also found that gender has no impact on overload, poor vehicle conditions, and road traffic accidents, except negligence. The future researcher can study the impact of other independent variables on road traffic accidents targeting drivers of two-wheelers and four-wheelers with a large sample size in a broad area.
{"title":"Impacting Factors of Road Traffic Accidents in Kathmandu Valley","authors":"Raju Bhai Manandhar, Jagat Timilsina","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59555","url":null,"abstract":"The major objective of the study is to investigate the relationship and impact of over speed, negligence, and poor vehicle conditions on road traffic accidents in Nepal. The study targeted drivers of two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles as a population. 100 respondents were selected through a simple random sampling technique based on the police report list during the last 5 years of Kathmandu Valley. Primary data was the source of information and was collected using a well-structured, five-point Likert scale survey. Cronbach's Alpha coefficients were used to examine the internal consistency of the factors and an independent sample t-test was adopted to analyze differences in road traffic accidents, over speed, overload, and poor vehicle condition in terms of gender. Mean, standard deviation, variance, and correlation were adopted to analyze the data systematically to derive the findings. The study found a relationship between speed and negligence in road traffic accidents in Kathmandu Valley. However, a strong relationship exists between poor vehicle conditions road traffic accidents. The study also found that gender has no impact on overload, poor vehicle conditions, and road traffic accidents, except negligence. The future researcher can study the impact of other independent variables on road traffic accidents targeting drivers of two-wheelers and four-wheelers with a large sample size in a broad area.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59596
शिव प्रसाद Shiva Prasad तिमल्सेना Timalsena
भाषाको विकास, संरक्षण, संवर्धन र स्तर निर्धारणका सम्बन्धमा भाषा नीति अनुसार आधिकारिक रूपमा तय गरिने कार्यान्वयनको खाकालाई भाषा योजना भनिन्छ । यस्तो योजना कार्यमूलक र प्रायोगिक खालको हुनु पर्दछ । जसले भाषिक नीतिमा अघि सारिएका विषयलाई कार्यान्वयनको बाटोमा लैजाने गर्दछ । भाषा योजना मूलतः भाषाको शुद्धीकरण, पुनरुत्थान, सुधार, मानकीकरण, विस्तार, कोशको आधुनिकीकरण, पारिभाषिक शब्दावलीको प्रयोग, शैलीगत सरलीकरण, अन्तरभाषिक सञ्चार तथा सहायक कोडको निर्माण गर्ने उद्देश्यले तयार पारिएको हुन्छ । भाषा योजनाले मूलतः भाषिक व्यवस्थापन, भाषाको संरक्षण, विकास र संवर्धन, भाषिक जीवन्तता तथा सामाजिक सद्भाव र राष्ट्रियताको भावको जागरण आदि कार्य गर्ने गर्दछ । यसरी भाषालाई विस्तार गर्ने, भाषिक जीवन्तता कायम गर्ने, राष्ट्रिय अखण्डता कायम गर्ने, भाषालाई देश विदेशसम्म प्रचारप्रसार गर्ने आदि कार्य गर्ने भएकाले एक भाषिक वा बहुभाषिक मुलुकका लागि भाषा योजनाको निर्माण र कार्यान्वयन आवश्यक मानिन्छ । तर नेपालको सन्दर्भमा हेर्दा प्रभावकारी भाषा योजनाको निर्माण र कार्यान्वयनमा अग्रसर भएको अवस्था पाइँदैन । यिनै सन्दर्भमा यस लेखमा भाषा योजनाको परिचय दिई यसका उद्देश्य, कार्य तथा आवश्यकतालाई निरूपण गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचामा संरचित यस लेखमा आवश्यक सामग्रीको सङ्कलन पुस्तकालय पद्धतिबाट विभिन्न सन्दर्भकृतिका सहायताले गरिएको छ भने तिनको सङ्गठन र प्रस्तुतीकरणका लागि वर्णनात्मक र व्याख्यात्मक विधि अपनाइएको छ ।
भाषाको विकास, संरक्षण、संवर्धन र स्तर निर्धारणका सम्बन्धमा भाषा नीति अनुसार आधिकारिक रूपमा तय गरिनेकार्यान्वयनको खाकलाई भाषा योजना भनिन्छ । यस्तो योजनाकार्यमूलकर प्रायोगिक खालको हुनु पर्दछ । जसले भाषिक नीतिमा अघि सारिएका विषयलाईकार्यान्वयनको बाटोमाल ैजाने गर्दछ ।ा भषा योजना मूलतः भाषाको शुद्धीकरण、पुनरुत्थान，सुधार，मानकीकरण、विस्तार, कोशको आधुनिकीकरण, पारिभाषिक शब्दावलीको प्रयोग, शैलीगत सरलीकरण, अन्तरभाषिक सञ्चार तथा सहायक कोडको निर्माण गर्ने उद्देश्यले तयार पारिएको हुन्छ । भाषा योजनाले मूलतः भाषिक व्यवस्थापन,भाषाको संरक्षण, विकास र संवर्धन, भाषिक जीवन्तता तथ सामाजिक सद्भाव र रा्षट्रियताको भावको जागरण आदिकार्य ग्नरे गर्दछ । यसरी भाषालाई विस्तार गर्ने、भाषिक जीवन्तताकायम गर्ने, राष्ट्रिय अखण्डताकायम गर्ने、भाषालाई देश विदेशसम्म प्रचाप्रसार गर्ने आदिकार्य गर्ने भएकाले एक भाषिका व बहुभाषिक मुलुकालागि भषाा योजनाको निर्माणरकार्यान्वयन आवश्यक मानिन्छ । तर नेपालकोसन्दर्भमा हेर्दा प्रभावकारी भा योजषानाको निर्माणर कार्यान्वयनमा अग्रस भएको अवस्था पाइँदैन । यिनै सन्दर्भमा यस लेखमा भाषा योजनाको परिचयद िई यसका उद्देश्य、कार्य तथा आवश्यकतालाई निरूपण गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचाामा संरचित यस लेखमा आवश्यक सामग्रीको सङ्कलन पुस्तकालय पद्धतिबाटविभिन्न सन्दर्भकृतिका सहायताले गरिएको छ भने तिनको सङ्गठन र प्रस्तुतीकरणका लागि वर्णनात्मक र व्याख्यात्मक विधि अनाइएको छ ।
{"title":"भाषा योजनाको उद्देश्य, कार्य र आवश्यकता","authors":"शिव प्रसाद Shiva Prasad तिमल्सेना Timalsena","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59596","url":null,"abstract":"भाषाको विकास, संरक्षण, संवर्धन र स्तर निर्धारणका सम्बन्धमा भाषा नीति अनुसार आधिकारिक रूपमा तय गरिने कार्यान्वयनको खाकालाई भाषा योजना भनिन्छ । यस्तो योजना कार्यमूलक र प्रायोगिक खालको हुनु पर्दछ । जसले भाषिक नीतिमा अघि सारिएका विषयलाई कार्यान्वयनको बाटोमा लैजाने गर्दछ । भाषा योजना मूलतः भाषाको शुद्धीकरण, पुनरुत्थान, सुधार, मानकीकरण, विस्तार, कोशको आधुनिकीकरण, पारिभाषिक शब्दावलीको प्रयोग, शैलीगत सरलीकरण, अन्तरभाषिक सञ्चार तथा सहायक कोडको निर्माण गर्ने उद्देश्यले तयार पारिएको हुन्छ । भाषा योजनाले मूलतः भाषिक व्यवस्थापन, भाषाको संरक्षण, विकास र संवर्धन, भाषिक जीवन्तता तथा सामाजिक सद्भाव र राष्ट्रियताको भावको जागरण आदि कार्य गर्ने गर्दछ । यसरी भाषालाई विस्तार गर्ने, भाषिक जीवन्तता कायम गर्ने, राष्ट्रिय अखण्डता कायम गर्ने, भाषालाई देश विदेशसम्म प्रचारप्रसार गर्ने आदि कार्य गर्ने भएकाले एक भाषिक वा बहुभाषिक मुलुकका लागि भाषा योजनाको निर्माण र कार्यान्वयन आवश्यक मानिन्छ । तर नेपालको सन्दर्भमा हेर्दा प्रभावकारी भाषा योजनाको निर्माण र कार्यान्वयनमा अग्रसर भएको अवस्था पाइँदैन । यिनै सन्दर्भमा यस लेखमा भाषा योजनाको परिचय दिई यसका उद्देश्य, कार्य तथा आवश्यकतालाई निरूपण गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचामा संरचित यस लेखमा आवश्यक सामग्रीको सङ्कलन पुस्तकालय पद्धतिबाट विभिन्न सन्दर्भकृतिका सहायताले गरिएको छ भने तिनको सङ्गठन र प्रस्तुतीकरणका लागि वर्णनात्मक र व्याख्यात्मक विधि अपनाइएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"108 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59614
Manisa Koirala
Nursing is a practice based discipline or noble profession includes the prevention & protection of illness or injury, care of disease, promotion and optimization of health & abilities, alleviation and rehabilitation from suffering including advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. This review article intended to assess the development of nursing education in Nepal. Total 50 related article or literature were reviewed through searching electronic database specially in Pub Med, Research gate, Google Scholar, Google etc. and save the data by creating the library via Zoster software. The more relevant articles were selected, critically analyzed, cited them appropriately and also added in reference. During the reviewed of the article it was found that the Nursing education was formally started in Nepal 2013 BS from Proficiency Certificate Level (PCL) of Nursing with the initiation of government. With the different developmental phases, it was upgraded from ANM, PCL, Bachelor (PBBN, BN, BNS, B.Sc. Nursing, BMS), Master nursing including PhD in Nursing till 2068 BS in Nepal. Initially started from government level than move to Tribhuvan University since 1972AD, nevertheless more than 6 Universities including CTEVT were involved to produce different level Nursing human resource in Nepal presently.
{"title":"An Overview of the Development of Nursing Education as University Education in Nepal","authors":"Manisa Koirala","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59614","url":null,"abstract":"Nursing is a practice based discipline or noble profession includes the prevention & protection of illness or injury, care of disease, promotion and optimization of health & abilities, alleviation and rehabilitation from suffering including advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. This review article intended to assess the development of nursing education in Nepal. Total 50 related article or literature were reviewed through searching electronic database specially in Pub Med, Research gate, Google Scholar, Google etc. and save the data by creating the library via Zoster software. The more relevant articles were selected, critically analyzed, cited them appropriately and also added in reference. During the reviewed of the article it was found that the Nursing education was formally started in Nepal 2013 BS from Proficiency Certificate Level (PCL) of Nursing with the initiation of government. With the different developmental phases, it was upgraded from ANM, PCL, Bachelor (PBBN, BN, BNS, B.Sc. Nursing, BMS), Master nursing including PhD in Nursing till 2068 BS in Nepal. Initially started from government level than move to Tribhuvan University since 1972AD, nevertheless more than 6 Universities including CTEVT were involved to produce different level Nursing human resource in Nepal presently.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"29 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59615
Sanju Shrestha, Shanti Thapa, Bed Prasad Pandey
Graphene, a flat monolayer of carbon atoms tightly packed into a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice with six carbon atoms, are of two types due to their bonding. Due to its structural uniqueness, properties of the grapheme is found to be very different and important in application point of view. Hence, the authors have studied the structural properties as co-ordination number, coordinates, distances of nearest atoms from 1st to 5th, analytically using two dimensional coordinate system taking one atom of a unit cell at the origin. Furthermore, packing fraction is also calculated, as the property is very important to study absorption/adsorption of different atoms into the sheet of it.
{"title":"Structural Properties of Graphene","authors":"Sanju Shrestha, Shanti Thapa, Bed Prasad Pandey","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59615","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene, a flat monolayer of carbon atoms tightly packed into a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice with six carbon atoms, are of two types due to their bonding. Due to its structural uniqueness, properties of the grapheme is found to be very different and important in application point of view. Hence, the authors have studied the structural properties as co-ordination number, coordinates, distances of nearest atoms from 1st to 5th, analytically using two dimensional coordinate system taking one atom of a unit cell at the origin. Furthermore, packing fraction is also calculated, as the property is very important to study absorption/adsorption of different atoms into the sheet of it.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"34 S2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59595
Sharmila Pokharel
This narrative inquiry explored the experiences of PhD students in their relationships with their supervisors. The study identified three themes that emerged from the data analysis. The first theme highlights the importance of compatibility between the supervisor and student. Participants emphasized the need to find a supervisor who shares similar research interests, communication styles, and personality traits. They also discussed the negative consequences of not having a compatible relationship with their supervisor, including decreased motivation, lack of support, and difficulties with communication. The second theme focuses on the role of support from the supervisor. Participants emphasized the importance of having a supportive supervisor who is available and responsive, and who provides guidance and mentorship throughout the PhD process. They also discussed the negative consequences of not having a supportive supervisor, including feelings of isolation and frustration, and difficulties in completing their PhD. The third theme highlights the influence of power dynamics on the student-supervisor relationship. Participants discussed the potential for power imbalances in the supervisor-supervisee relationship, and the impact of these imbalances on their research experiences. The study highlights the importance of compatibility, support, and power dynamics in the student-supervisor relationship for successful outcomes in PhD programs.
{"title":"Exploring the Perceptions of Female PhD Scholars on Selecting a Supervisor: A Narrative Inquiry","authors":"Sharmila Pokharel","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59595","url":null,"abstract":"This narrative inquiry explored the experiences of PhD students in their relationships with their supervisors. The study identified three themes that emerged from the data analysis. The first theme highlights the importance of compatibility between the supervisor and student. Participants emphasized the need to find a supervisor who shares similar research interests, communication styles, and personality traits. They also discussed the negative consequences of not having a compatible relationship with their supervisor, including decreased motivation, lack of support, and difficulties with communication. The second theme focuses on the role of support from the supervisor. Participants emphasized the importance of having a supportive supervisor who is available and responsive, and who provides guidance and mentorship throughout the PhD process. They also discussed the negative consequences of not having a supportive supervisor, including feelings of isolation and frustration, and difficulties in completing their PhD. The third theme highlights the influence of power dynamics on the student-supervisor relationship. Participants discussed the potential for power imbalances in the supervisor-supervisee relationship, and the impact of these imbalances on their research experiences. The study highlights the importance of compatibility, support, and power dynamics in the student-supervisor relationship for successful outcomes in PhD programs.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"109 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59548
Bal Bahadur Thapa
The present qualitative study examines Prithvi Narayan Shah’s Dibya Upadesh in the light of relevant historical details and thereby makes a claim that his venture of unification led to the rise of nascent nation-state, which became Nepal’s stepping stone to modernity. In connection to the ideas related to nation-state, capitalism and modernity, this study engages with the ideas of Anthony Giddens, Benedict Anderson, Ernest Renan, Mark Leichty, Mahesh Chandra Regmi, among others.
{"title":"Emergence of the Nepali Nation-State: A Stepping Stone to Modernity","authors":"Bal Bahadur Thapa","doi":"10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/pdmdj.v5i2.59548","url":null,"abstract":"The present qualitative study examines Prithvi Narayan Shah’s Dibya Upadesh in the light of relevant historical details and thereby makes a claim that his venture of unification led to the rise of nascent nation-state, which became Nepal’s stepping stone to modernity. In connection to the ideas related to nation-state, capitalism and modernity, this study engages with the ideas of Anthony Giddens, Benedict Anderson, Ernest Renan, Mark Leichty, Mahesh Chandra Regmi, among others.","PeriodicalId":500575,"journal":{"name":"Pragya Darshan प्रज्ञा दर्शन","volume":"104 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：