In this article I present a sociological language—social activity method (SAM)—and illustrate how it’s development and deployment has educational potential. I draw on my experience with postgraduate students and also engage with extant work in anthropology, sociology, and social semiotics, though the principal concerns of the essay are conceptual. I present three ‘relational spaces’, of which two are seeing their first published outing in this paper1.
{"title":"SAM: A Language for Education","authors":"Paul Dowling","doi":"10.32388/ftg9u1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/ftg9u1.2","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I present a sociological language—social activity method (SAM)—and illustrate how it’s development and deployment has educational potential. I draw on my experience with postgraduate students and also engage with extant work in anthropology, sociology, and social semiotics, though the principal concerns of the essay are conceptual. I present three ‘relational spaces’, of which two are seeing their first published outing in this paper1.\u0000","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"481 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This language model examines advertisements used for political campaigns, specifically the 2023 Phoenix mayoral election. Political microtargeting looks at the tone of content throughout Instagram and Facebook ads during the 8 months leading up to the election. Through various processing techniques, both written and spoken language within ads was collected and used Facebook ad API, associated with a target demographic or group within the platform. This allows campaigns to send targeted messages to voters based on factors like location, media preference, associated political beliefs, age, and other critical variables. This data was then compared to a peer-reviewed study by the University of Amsterdam, that studied Facebook and Instagram ads 8 months before the 2020 US Presidential election. Media companies often offer paid advertisements to a targeted audience, and during highly polarized world events such as an election, uncivil negative ads can be pushed to groups to which the shown ideology appeals. (Votta, F.) The question posed by Votta in the comparative study was: “TO WHAT EXTENT IS POLITICAL MICROTARGETING USED BY POLITICAL ADVERTISERS TO DELIVER TOXIC CAMPAIGN MESSAGES?” To study whether this optimization was occurring, the advertisements were run through a multilevel ordinal regression(Votta [https://www.aup-online.com/content/journals/10.5117/CCR2023.1.001.VOTT] et al., 2023). They took ads from official political campaigns and compared them to third-party groups. They then analyzed the size of the desired audience and compared the size of the audience to the verbal tone of the listed advertisement. Our results indicate that while traditional media remains an important part of electoral voting, show out, and postage signs and campaign events serve a purpose in reaching a wide, unrestricted audience, social media advertising presents a valuable resource in targeting specific groups of individuals who will be most susceptible to guided advertisement. Last, we analyze the implications of our findings in the 2020 Phoenix mayoral election, how city elections differ from a presidential election, and how micro-targeted advertisements might affect voter behavior.
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Advertising in the 2020 Presidential Elections & Phoenix Mayoral Elections using Natural Language Processing","authors":"Jun Wang","doi":"10.32388/x0e9af","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/x0e9af","url":null,"abstract":"This language model examines advertisements used for political campaigns, specifically the 2023 Phoenix mayoral election. Political microtargeting looks at the tone of content throughout Instagram and Facebook ads during the 8 months leading up to the election. Through various processing techniques, both written and spoken language within ads was collected and used Facebook ad API, associated with a target demographic or group within the platform. This allows campaigns to send targeted messages to voters based on factors like location, media preference, associated political beliefs, age, and other critical variables.\u0000\u0000This data was then compared to a peer-reviewed study by the University of Amsterdam, that studied Facebook and Instagram ads 8 months before the 2020 US Presidential election. Media companies often offer paid advertisements to a targeted audience, and during highly polarized world events such as an election, uncivil negative ads can be pushed to groups to which the shown ideology appeals. (Votta, F.)\u0000\u0000The question posed by Votta in the comparative study was:\u0000\u0000“TO WHAT EXTENT IS POLITICAL MICROTARGETING USED BY POLITICAL ADVERTISERS TO DELIVER TOXIC CAMPAIGN MESSAGES?”\u0000\u0000To study whether this optimization was occurring, the advertisements were run through a multilevel ordinal regression(Votta [https://www.aup-online.com/content/journals/10.5117/CCR2023.1.001.VOTT] et al., 2023). They took ads from official political campaigns and compared them to third-party groups. They then analyzed the size of the desired audience and compared the size of the audience to the verbal tone of the listed advertisement.\u0000\u0000Our results indicate that while traditional media remains an important part of electoral voting, show out, and postage signs and campaign events serve a purpose in reaching a wide, unrestricted audience, social media advertising presents a valuable resource in targeting specific groups of individuals who will be most susceptible to guided advertisement. Last, we analyze the implications of our findings in the 2020 Phoenix mayoral election, how city elections differ from a presidential election, and how micro-targeted advertisements might affect voter behavior.\u0000","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"742 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of: \"Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have proven successful in making nanosystems and nanostructures smaller, faster, and cheaper. Today's MEMS devices, typically made to micron (10 to 6 nanometers) in size, include airbag accelerometers\"","authors":"Kelara Simpson","doi":"10.32388/1xbj20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/1xbj20","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"1995 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of: \"Perceived Social Support as a Predictive Factor of Fatigue and Quality of Life Among Healthcare Professionals in Greece\"","authors":"Shahla Abolhassani","doi":"10.32388/yya3hl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/yya3hl","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The roles of languages, processes, and objects in mathematical thinking have led to many theories, yet no consistent big picture has evolved from this. This paper puts forth the hypothesis that the Curry-Howard correspondence from computer science and the theories it is built on provide a unification framework. This correspondence asserts that (formal) proofs and programs (in functional programming languages) do not only have some similarities, but can, at least if formalized in an appropriate way, be mapped to each other by an isomorphism such that proofs are programs and vice versa. Moreover, objects can be realized as function evaluation strategies, and this provides a model of the reification process. The paper explores all this and discusses the didactical relevance; especially, the reification theories are revisited. Computer-based realizations of concepts are used as a tool to show the consistency of ideas and the practicability of concepts.
{"title":"Reification, Curry-Howard Correspondence, and Didactical Consequences","authors":"Reinhard Oldenburg","doi":"10.32388/s1074v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/s1074v","url":null,"abstract":"The roles of languages, processes, and objects in mathematical thinking have led to many theories, yet no consistent big picture has evolved from this. This paper puts forth the hypothesis that the Curry-Howard correspondence from computer science and the theories it is built on provide a unification framework. This correspondence asserts that (formal) proofs and programs (in functional programming languages) do not only have some similarities, but can, at least if formalized in an appropriate way, be mapped to each other by an isomorphism such that proofs are programs and vice versa. Moreover, objects can be realized as function evaluation strategies, and this provides a model of the reification process. The paper explores all this and discusses the didactical relevance; especially, the reification theories are revisited. Computer-based realizations of concepts are used as a tool to show the consistency of ideas and the practicability of concepts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"418 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of: \"Nanotubes exist in two main categories: single-walled nanotubes and multi-walled MWNTs nanotubes. Single-walled nanotubes can be thought of as high-graphite sheets wrapped in a cylindrical shape\"","authors":"Kelara Simpson","doi":"10.32388/lterdy","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/lterdy","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The financial risk management mechanism of enterprises can be more complete through exploration in the application effect of data mining technology combined with K-means clustering algorithm in enterprise risk audit. Hence, K-means clustering algorithm is introduced to study the paperless status of electronic payment in the trading process of e-commerce enterprises. Additionally, a risk audit model of e-commerce enterprises is implemented based on K-means algorithm combined with Random Forest Light Gradient Boosting Machine (RF-LightGBM). In this model, the actual operation process of data preparation, data preprocessing, model construction, model application and evaluation are implemented to study the payment flow in the transaction process of e-commerce enterprises by using big data analysis technology. Eventually, the performance of the model is evaluated by simulation. The results show that, compared with the models and algorithms proposed by scholars in other related fields, the classification accuracy of the model proposed here reaches 95.46 %. Simultaneously, the data message delivery rate of the model algorithm is basically stable at about 81.54 %, and the data message leakage rate, packet loss rate and average delay are lower than those of other models and algorithms. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the prediction accuracy, the audit model of e-commerce enterprises can also achieve high data transmission security performance, which can provide experimental basis for the safety improvement and risk control of the audit process in e-commerce enterprises.
{"title":"Application of Data Mining Combined with K-means Clustering Algorithm in Enterprises' Risk Audit","authors":"Dr.Sharif Uddin Ahmed Rana","doi":"10.32388/g9g0s3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/g9g0s3","url":null,"abstract":"The financial risk management mechanism of enterprises can be more complete through exploration in the application effect of data mining technology combined with K-means clustering algorithm in enterprise risk audit. Hence, K-means clustering algorithm is introduced to study the paperless status of electronic payment in the trading process of e-commerce enterprises. Additionally, a risk audit model of e-commerce enterprises is implemented based on K-means algorithm combined with Random Forest Light Gradient Boosting Machine (RF-LightGBM). In this model, the actual operation process of data preparation, data preprocessing, model construction, model application and evaluation are implemented to study the payment flow in the transaction process of e-commerce enterprises by using big data analysis technology. Eventually, the performance of the model is evaluated by simulation. The results show that, compared with the models and algorithms proposed by scholars in other related fields, the classification accuracy of the model proposed here reaches 95.46 %. Simultaneously, the data message delivery rate of the model algorithm is basically stable at about 81.54 %, and the data message leakage rate, packet loss rate and average delay are lower than those of other models and algorithms. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the prediction accuracy, the audit model of e-commerce enterprises can also achieve high data transmission security performance, which can provide experimental basis for the safety improvement and risk control of the audit process in e-commerce enterprises.\u0000","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"2019 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of: \"Nano System is a function at the molecular scale\"","authors":"Kelara Simpson","doi":"10.32388/tbvkfi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/tbvkfi","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"624 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaginal candidiasis, which is an infection of the female reproductive system, continues to be a leading risk factor of morbidity, which negatively impact the physical and mental health of women worldwide. Despite widespread awareness, vaginal candidiasis is still seen as a minor health issue in many impoverished nations like Bangladesh. This study aimed to examine and evaluate the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and its association with menstrual hygiene and other risk factors among reproductive-aged women by cross-sectional study. In this research study 37.30% of women (91 out of 244 patients) tested positive with vaginal candidiasis. From this study is was found that patients in their early and peak reproductive years are more susceptible to illness. The highest prevalence was seen among the participants who aged between 15-34 years (33%), which followed by 20.9% patients are from 35-44 years age group and 70.3% of patients were married. The most common symptoms patients faced in this study are irritation and swelling near genital area (24.8%), unusual vaginal discharge (22.6%), itching near genital area (20.4%), pain or burning sensation during urination (16.8%) and painful intercourse (11.7%). Besides, risk factors that caused the disease in patients to be found are, poor menstrual hygiene (35%), unsafe intercourse (38%), non-cotton and unclean undergarment (18.6%), use of over the counter antibiotic (14.2%), diabetes (8%), infected sexual partner (3.4%), STD (3%) and menopause (0.8%). Another major part of the study is to know about the relation between menstrual hygiene and vaginal candidiasis. About 33% of the women use cloth and another 33% use both sanitary napkin and cloth as an absorbent. It is also observed that 74.7% women change the absorbent only about 1-2 times per day. Though, Vaginal Candidiasis is a type of mild infection for most the cases still it needs to be given importance as it can cause troublesome and serious complications such as recurrent infection, candidemia etc.
{"title":"Analysis of Vaginal Candidiasis Prevalence Among Bangladeshi Women in Relation to Menstrual Hygiene and Other Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Bristy Gloria Gomes, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam","doi":"10.32388/5cordf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/5cordf","url":null,"abstract":"Vaginal candidiasis, which is an infection of the female reproductive system, continues to be a leading risk factor of morbidity, which negatively impact the physical and mental health of women worldwide. Despite widespread awareness, vaginal candidiasis is still seen as a minor health issue in many impoverished nations like Bangladesh. This study aimed to examine and evaluate the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and its association with menstrual hygiene and other risk factors among reproductive-aged women by cross-sectional study. In this research study 37.30% of women (91 out of 244 patients) tested positive with vaginal candidiasis. From this study is was found that patients in their early and peak reproductive years are more susceptible to illness. The highest prevalence was seen among the participants who aged between 15-34 years (33%), which followed by 20.9% patients are from 35-44 years age group and 70.3% of patients were married. The most common symptoms patients faced in this study are irritation and swelling near genital area (24.8%), unusual vaginal discharge (22.6%), itching near genital area (20.4%), pain or burning sensation during urination (16.8%) and painful intercourse (11.7%). Besides, risk factors that caused the disease in patients to be found are, poor menstrual hygiene (35%), unsafe intercourse (38%), non-cotton and unclean undergarment (18.6%), use of over the counter antibiotic (14.2%), diabetes (8%), infected sexual partner (3.4%), STD (3%) and menopause (0.8%). Another major part of the study is to know about the relation between menstrual hygiene and vaginal candidiasis. About 33% of the women use cloth and another 33% use both sanitary napkin and cloth as an absorbent. It is also observed that 74.7% women change the absorbent only about 1-2 times per day. Though, Vaginal Candidiasis is a type of mild infection for most the cases still it needs to be given importance as it can cause troublesome and serious complications such as recurrent infection, candidemia etc.\u0000","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The low completeness of oil and gas recovery when using modern development systems is due to the fact that all development systems are based on the following postulates [1]: 1. There is a hydrodynamic connection within the entire reservoir; the fluid flow in it can be described in terms of Darcy's law. 2. During the reservoir development its filtration parameters are practically unchanged. 3. Hydrodynamic connection is absent between reservoirs in different tectonic blocks. 4. Productive deposits in conventional oil and gas reservoirs are mainly hydrophilic. 5. The properties of fluids in different parts of the reservoir are the same. The properties of residual oil when using water flooding are identical to the properties of the produced oil. Development experience and the results of special studies have shown that these postulates are erroneous. In practice, after establishing the absence of hydrodynamic connection within the entire reservoir, the first priority is to compact well spacing of development wells. In oil reservoirs, additional development wells are drilled predominantly evenly over the reservoir area, that is, almost blindly, without taking into account the large-scale heterogeneity of the reservoirs. In gas reservoirs, additional producing wells are drilled in stagnant zones, which are characterized by increased current formation pressures relative to gas recovery zones. As a result of field and laboratory work, we have identified natural phenomena that determine the fallacy of the above postulates, and it has been practically proven that the internal structure of reservoirs can be identified during their exploration and clarified during development. At the same time, a greater completeness of hydrocarbon recovery and a reduction in the costs of their production are achieved.
{"title":"Possibility of Increasing the Completeness of Oil and Gas Recovery by Taking Into Account Natural Phenomena in Reservoirs","authors":"Dr. Lev Berman","doi":"10.32388/gcfng0.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/gcfng0.2","url":null,"abstract":"The low completeness of oil and gas recovery when using modern development systems is due to the fact that all development systems are based on the following postulates [1]:\u0000\u00001. There is a hydrodynamic connection within the entire reservoir; the fluid flow in it can be described in terms of Darcy's law.\u00002. During the reservoir development its filtration parameters are practically unchanged.\u00003. Hydrodynamic connection is absent between reservoirs in different tectonic blocks.\u00004. Productive deposits in conventional oil and gas reservoirs are mainly hydrophilic.\u00005. The properties of fluids in different parts of the reservoir are the same. The properties of residual oil when using water flooding are identical to the properties of the produced oil.\u0000\u0000Development experience and the results of special studies have shown that these postulates are erroneous. In practice, after establishing the absence of hydrodynamic connection within the entire reservoir, the first priority is to compact well spacing of development wells. In oil reservoirs, additional development wells are drilled predominantly evenly over the reservoir area, that is, almost blindly, without taking into account the large-scale heterogeneity of the reservoirs. In gas reservoirs, additional producing wells are drilled in stagnant zones, which are characterized by increased current formation pressures relative to gas recovery zones.\u0000\u0000As a result of field and laboratory work, we have identified natural phenomena that determine the fallacy of the above postulates, and it has been practically proven that the internal structure of reservoirs can be identified during their exploration and clarified during development. At the same time, a greater completeness of hydrocarbon recovery and a reduction in the costs of their production are achieved.\u0000","PeriodicalId":500839,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":"290 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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