Pub Date : 1935-10-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.166
THis investigation substantiates Rorschach's statement that colour-form answers measure affective instability, and primary-colour responses impulsiveness, usually pathological impulsiveness. The kinesthetic and colour-answers together show the subject's type, his capacity for affective adaptation, for emotional stability and instability-in general, the balance of his emotional life. That the Rorschach test does give a good working knowledge of the subject's temperament as a whole is not doubted by anyone who has used the test. The qualitative aspect is even more important than the quantitative, as often the content of an abnormal subject's answers is full of their symptomatic tendencies shown both overtly and symbolically. It is claimed that the colourand kinaesthetic responses are dependent on the unconscious for their content. These results and those of other investigators suggest that this panoramic view of the subject's temperament as a whole is an advance on the method of measuring temperament and intelligence separately.
{"title":"Psychopathology","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.166","url":null,"abstract":"THis investigation substantiates Rorschach's statement that colour-form answers measure affective instability, and primary-colour responses impulsiveness, usually pathological impulsiveness. The kinesthetic and colour-answers together show the subject's type, his capacity for affective adaptation, for emotional stability and instability-in general, the balance of his emotional life. That the Rorschach test does give a good working knowledge of the subject's temperament as a whole is not doubted by anyone who has used the test. The qualitative aspect is even more important than the quantitative, as often the content of an abnormal subject's answers is full of their symptomatic tendencies shown both overtly and symbolically. It is claimed that the colourand kinaesthetic responses are dependent on the unconscious for their content. These results and those of other investigators suggest that this panoramic view of the subject's temperament as a whole is an advance on the method of measuring temperament and intelligence separately.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"166 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63913345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-10-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.163
protection and support. There seems to be a family tendency chiefly on the maternal side and the possibility of imitative derivation should not be lost sight of. In the opinion of the authors the physical symptoms and the disturbance of physiological processes are secondary to and precipitated by an emotional discharge. This probably accounts for the fact that a large number of remeclies may be successful tor a time, but cure is alleged only to result if and when the patient ever grows up on his emotional side.
{"title":"PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.163","url":null,"abstract":"protection and support. There seems to be a family tendency chiefly on the maternal side and the possibility of imitative derivation should not be lost sight of. In the opinion of the authors the physical symptoms and the disturbance of physiological processes are secondary to and precipitated by an emotional discharge. This probably accounts for the fact that a large number of remeclies may be successful tor a time, but cure is alleged only to result if and when the patient ever grows up on his emotional side.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"163 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63913050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-10-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.172
A STRONG suggestion of storm effect is seen in the distribution of suicides and homicides in North American cities. The rates are not highest where industrialization is most advanced, but rather where barometric pressure and temperature changes are most frequent and severe. Suicides show a definite time-relationship to weather changes as highand low-pressure centres approach and pass by. With falling pressure and rising temperature, suicides rapidly rise. Most peaks in frequency occur at the time of a low-pressure crisis. With rising pressure and falling temperature few suicides occur. Migration from the South into the more stormy North is accompanied by a marked rise in suicides among negroes. Figures are not available to show whether the same is true of the whites. Increased economic stress in the North may, of course, play a large part in this rise. These findings indicate the likelihood that the wide shifts in temperature and pressure that accompany North American storms may play a considerable part in producing the mental instability of such populations. Much of this storm effect probably works through increasing the tempo of life and the economic competition. There probably remains, however, a distinct disturbing action of the storm changes as they affect the body directly. C. S. R.
{"title":"PSYCHOPATHOLOGY","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.172","url":null,"abstract":"A STRONG suggestion of storm effect is seen in the distribution of suicides and homicides in North American cities. The rates are not highest where industrialization is most advanced, but rather where barometric pressure and temperature changes are most frequent and severe. Suicides show a definite time-relationship to weather changes as highand low-pressure centres approach and pass by. With falling pressure and rising temperature, suicides rapidly rise. Most peaks in frequency occur at the time of a low-pressure crisis. With rising pressure and falling temperature few suicides occur. Migration from the South into the more stormy North is accompanied by a marked rise in suicides among negroes. Figures are not available to show whether the same is true of the whites. Increased economic stress in the North may, of course, play a large part in this rise. These findings indicate the likelihood that the wide shifts in temperature and pressure that accompany North American storms may play a considerable part in producing the mental instability of such populations. Much of this storm effect probably works through increasing the tempo of life and the economic competition. There probably remains, however, a distinct disturbing action of the storm changes as they affect the body directly. C. S. R.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"172 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63913510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-10-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.169
ments to the picture. In delirium tremens the multiplicity of hallucinations is brought in connexion with vestibular influence. Multiplicity of hallucinations, macropsia, micropsia, and dysmetamorphopsia, indicate a vestibular influence on hallucinations. The postural mode of the body is in the same way influenced in alcoholic psychosis in which the vestibular apparatus is affected as in organic neurological cases or in normals in which the function of the vestibular apparatus is changed. Vestibular changes disrupt the unity of the postural model of the body. The symptomatology of delirium tremens and alcoholic hallucinosis is considered from this point of view. A case of barbital intoxication and a case of an eclamptic psychosis are studied from this point of view and the importance of the vestibular influence for the symptomatology of toxic psychosis is shown. But in psychosis the utilization and elaboration of the vestibular impulses in connexion with the activities of the whole brain are of special importance. The vestibular apparatus has a special function among the senses and is therefore in connexion with particular life experiences. Dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus is often the expression of two conflicting psychic tendencies. Giddiness occurs therefore in almost every neurosis. The neurosis may produce organic changes in the vestibular sphere. Giddiness is a danger signal in the sphere of the ego and occurs when the ego cannot exercise its synthetic function in the senses, but it occurs also when conflicting motor and attitudinal impulses in connexion with desires and strivings cannot be united any longer. It is as important from the psychoanalytic point of view as anxiety. The vestibular apparatus is an organ the function of which is directed against the isolation of the diverse functions of the body.
{"title":"PSYCHOSES","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.169","url":null,"abstract":"ments to the picture. In delirium tremens the multiplicity of hallucinations is brought in connexion with vestibular influence. Multiplicity of hallucinations, macropsia, micropsia, and dysmetamorphopsia, indicate a vestibular influence on hallucinations. The postural mode of the body is in the same way influenced in alcoholic psychosis in which the vestibular apparatus is affected as in organic neurological cases or in normals in which the function of the vestibular apparatus is changed. Vestibular changes disrupt the unity of the postural model of the body. The symptomatology of delirium tremens and alcoholic hallucinosis is considered from this point of view. A case of barbital intoxication and a case of an eclamptic psychosis are studied from this point of view and the importance of the vestibular influence for the symptomatology of toxic psychosis is shown. But in psychosis the utilization and elaboration of the vestibular impulses in connexion with the activities of the whole brain are of special importance. The vestibular apparatus has a special function among the senses and is therefore in connexion with particular life experiences. Dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus is often the expression of two conflicting psychic tendencies. Giddiness occurs therefore in almost every neurosis. The neurosis may produce organic changes in the vestibular sphere. Giddiness is a danger signal in the sphere of the ego and occurs when the ego cannot exercise its synthetic function in the senses, but it occurs also when conflicting motor and attitudinal impulses in connexion with desires and strivings cannot be united any longer. It is as important from the psychoanalytic point of view as anxiety. The vestibular apparatus is an organ the function of which is directed against the isolation of the diverse functions of the body.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"169 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.62.169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63913463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.91
D. Nathan, A. R. Elliott
[23] Encephalographic studies in manic-depressive psychosis.-MATTHEw T. MOORE, DAVID NATHAN, ANNIE R. ELLIOTT and CHARLES LAUBACH. Arch. of Neurol. and Psychiat., 1934, 31, 1194. IN a previous communication, in which encephalographic studies of 60 schizophrenic patients were reported, the conclusions indicated that definite organic changes existed, as manifested by the failure of any encephalographic study to reveal a normal cerebral pattern. Here is presented the results of a similar study of 38 cases of manic-depressive psychosis in various stages. It was found that the cerebrospinal fluid pressures were in the majority of cases top normal or higher, indicating the presence of the factor of chronic increased intracranial pressure. The quantity of cerebrospinal fluid removed in the majority of cases indicated varying degrees of cortical atrophy and enlargement of the ventricular system and cisterns. No definite cerebral pattern was obtained in a sufficient number of cases to be characteristic. The encephalographic pathological condition was manifested in the following ways: (1) cortical atrophy of varying intensity; (2) enlargement of the ventricular system; (3) asymmetry of the lateral ventricles; (4) absence of cortical air markings; (5) enlargement of the cisterns; (6) island of Reil atrophy; (7) enlargement of the sulcus callosi and sulcus cinguli; (8) increased interhemispheric air, and (9) cerebellar atrophy. In fact none of the encephalographic films showed a normal cerebral pattern. C. S: R.
{"title":"PSYCHOSES","authors":"D. Nathan, A. R. Elliott","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.91","url":null,"abstract":"[23] Encephalographic studies in manic-depressive psychosis.-MATTHEw T. MOORE, DAVID NATHAN, ANNIE R. ELLIOTT and CHARLES LAUBACH. Arch. of Neurol. and Psychiat., 1934, 31, 1194. IN a previous communication, in which encephalographic studies of 60 schizophrenic patients were reported, the conclusions indicated that definite organic changes existed, as manifested by the failure of any encephalographic study to reveal a normal cerebral pattern. Here is presented the results of a similar study of 38 cases of manic-depressive psychosis in various stages. It was found that the cerebrospinal fluid pressures were in the majority of cases top normal or higher, indicating the presence of the factor of chronic increased intracranial pressure. The quantity of cerebrospinal fluid removed in the majority of cases indicated varying degrees of cortical atrophy and enlargement of the ventricular system and cisterns. No definite cerebral pattern was obtained in a sufficient number of cases to be characteristic. The encephalographic pathological condition was manifested in the following ways: (1) cortical atrophy of varying intensity; (2) enlargement of the ventricular system; (3) asymmetry of the lateral ventricles; (4) absence of cortical air markings; (5) enlargement of the cisterns; (6) island of Reil atrophy; (7) enlargement of the sulcus callosi and sulcus cinguli; (8) increased interhemispheric air, and (9) cerebellar atrophy. In fact none of the encephalographic films showed a normal cerebral pattern. C. S: R.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"91 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.91","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63912899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.89
influenza. On the following day a typical serum rash appeared with swelling of many joints, especially the right shoulder. The pain decreased during the next two weeks, but a typical paralysis of the right brachialis plexus was noticed. This persisted for two years before recovering. Only a few similar cases have been recorded. The cause of such a paralysis following antitetanic serum injection is not definitely known. Previous serum injections had not been given to this man. It is supposed that such cases are the result of individual predisposition. M.
{"title":"PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.89","url":null,"abstract":"influenza. On the following day a typical serum rash appeared with swelling of many joints, especially the right shoulder. The pain decreased during the next two weeks, but a typical paralysis of the right brachialis plexus was noticed. This persisted for two years before recovering. Only a few similar cases have been recorded. The cause of such a paralysis following antitetanic serum injection is not definitely known. Previous serum injections had not been given to this man. It is supposed that such cases are the result of individual predisposition. M.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"89 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.89","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63912833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.83
Two periods may be differentiated in the investigation of infantile amaurotic idiocy. During the era which may be termed the 'morphological' it was established that in this disease exclusively the ganglion-cells are damaged as they arise from the neuro-ectoderm. The meninges and blood-vessels which originate from the mesoderm are unaffected; similarly, the organs of metabolism, the spleen, the liver and the bone-marrow are not involved. For these reasons Schaffer is convinced that amaurotic idiocy is the result of an affection of the ectoderm. Other authors, however, do not agree with this view. In cases of so-called Gaucher's and Niemann-Pick's diseases, the same changes have been observed in the brain as in amaurotic idiocy. For this reason some writers suppose that all these affections are identical. In cases of Gaucher's and of Niemann-Pick's diseases definite alterations have been observed in the organs of metabolism. Kufs has said that all the contrary arguments advanced by Schaffer do not affect the conception of amaurotic idiocy as a local phenomenon of disordered metabolism of colloids and lipoids. In accordance with Kufs, Spielmeyer maintains that amaurotic idiocy is a lipoidosis of the type of Niemann-Pick's disease. Schaffer terms the second era the ' chemical era.' By chemical investigations Epstein found that in the brain of a case of amaurotic idiocy the quantity of lecithin and kephalin was diminished in comparison with that of a normal brain; while in the brain of a case of Niemann-Pick's disease the quantity of lecithin and kephalin was about double that in a normal brain. From this result Epstein concludes that cases of pure amaurotic idiocy and of Niemann-Pick's disease are different entities. Schaffer, therefore, considers that his opinion is confirmed. M.
{"title":"NEUROPATHOLOGY","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.83","url":null,"abstract":"Two periods may be differentiated in the investigation of infantile amaurotic idiocy. During the era which may be termed the 'morphological' it was established that in this disease exclusively the ganglion-cells are damaged as they arise from the neuro-ectoderm. The meninges and blood-vessels which originate from the mesoderm are unaffected; similarly, the organs of metabolism, the spleen, the liver and the bone-marrow are not involved. For these reasons Schaffer is convinced that amaurotic idiocy is the result of an affection of the ectoderm. Other authors, however, do not agree with this view. In cases of so-called Gaucher's and Niemann-Pick's diseases, the same changes have been observed in the brain as in amaurotic idiocy. For this reason some writers suppose that all these affections are identical. In cases of Gaucher's and of Niemann-Pick's diseases definite alterations have been observed in the organs of metabolism. Kufs has said that all the contrary arguments advanced by Schaffer do not affect the conception of amaurotic idiocy as a local phenomenon of disordered metabolism of colloids and lipoids. In accordance with Kufs, Spielmeyer maintains that amaurotic idiocy is a lipoidosis of the type of Niemann-Pick's disease. Schaffer terms the second era the ' chemical era.' By chemical investigations Epstein found that in the brain of a case of amaurotic idiocy the quantity of lecithin and kephalin was diminished in comparison with that of a normal brain; while in the brain of a case of Niemann-Pick's disease the quantity of lecithin and kephalin was about double that in a normal brain. From this result Epstein concludes that cases of pure amaurotic idiocy and of Niemann-Pick's disease are different entities. Schaffer, therefore, considers that his opinion is confirmed. M.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"83 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.83","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63913199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.85
All his cases showed a low systolic blood pressure, 90-110, and constipation. He considers that a failure on the part of the liver to synthesise and detoxicate the amino bodies formed during digestion leads to a series of anaphylactic changes in the cerebrum and other viscera analogous to those occurring in Quincke's cedema. Treatment should be directed to overcominlg the constipation, and protecting the liver by avoiding animal protein and giving a lacto-vegetariani diet.
{"title":"SENSORIMOTOR NEUROLOGY","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.85","url":null,"abstract":"All his cases showed a low systolic blood pressure, 90-110, and constipation. He considers that a failure on the part of the liver to synthesise and detoxicate the amino bodies formed during digestion leads to a series of anaphylactic changes in the cerebrum and other viscera analogous to those occurring in Quincke's cedema. Treatment should be directed to overcominlg the constipation, and protecting the liver by avoiding animal protein and giving a lacto-vegetariani diet.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"85 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.85","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63913263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.94
[28] Hypothyroidism and cretinism in childhood.-I. P. BRONSTEIN and ANDREW W. BROWN. Amer. Jour. Orthopsychiat., 1934, 4, 412. TWENTY hypothyroid children of various types who were being actively treated with thyroid extract were given repeated psychological tests over a period from one to five years to determine by quantitative measurements both the amount and nature of their mental growth. There was evidence that early recognition and persistent treatment thereafter was the important factor in ultimate mental development. All cretins if treated are not predestined to a fixed low mental age. Some of them may reach at least a mental age of 12 years. Most of these children have intelligence ratings between 50 and 70 and if treated will probably have at maturity a mental age between seven and nine years. Some cretins continue to show growth up to 14 years of age. Whether the increment of intellectual growth is constant throughout the entire growth period can be determined only by following these cases over a longer period of time. Children who have normal birth and developmental histories but who develop thyroid deficiency later in life following a specific or a series of non-specific infections (juvenile hypothyroidism) progress successfully mentally if properly treated. C. S. R.
儿童甲状腺功能减退症和克汀病。P. BRONSTEIN和ANDREW W. BROWN。阿米尔。日记账。Orthopsychiat。， 1934, 4,412。20名正在积极接受甲状腺提取物治疗的各种类型的甲状腺功能减退儿童在一至五年的时间内反复进行心理测试，以定量测量他们的智力发育的数量和性质。有证据表明，早期识别和持续治疗是最终智力发展的重要因素。并不是所有接受治疗的白痴都注定要有一个固定的低智力年龄。他们中的一些人可能至少达到12岁的心理年龄。这些孩子中的大多数智商在50到70之间，如果接受治疗，他们在成熟时的心理年龄可能在7到9岁之间。有些白痴在14岁时还会继续发育。智力增长的增量在整个成长过程中是否恒定，只有在较长一段时间内跟踪这些案例才能确定。出生和发育历史正常，但由于特定或一系列非特异性感染(青少年甲状腺功能减退症)而在以后的生活中发展为甲状腺功能不足的儿童，如果治疗得当，精神上可以成功地进步。c.s.r。
{"title":"PSYCHOPATHOLOGY","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.94","url":null,"abstract":"[28] Hypothyroidism and cretinism in childhood.-I. P. BRONSTEIN and ANDREW W. BROWN. Amer. Jour. Orthopsychiat., 1934, 4, 412. TWENTY hypothyroid children of various types who were being actively treated with thyroid extract were given repeated psychological tests over a period from one to five years to determine by quantitative measurements both the amount and nature of their mental growth. There was evidence that early recognition and persistent treatment thereafter was the important factor in ultimate mental development. All cretins if treated are not predestined to a fixed low mental age. Some of them may reach at least a mental age of 12 years. Most of these children have intelligence ratings between 50 and 70 and if treated will probably have at maturity a mental age between seven and nine years. Some cretins continue to show growth up to 14 years of age. Whether the increment of intellectual growth is constant throughout the entire growth period can be determined only by following these cases over a longer period of time. Children who have normal birth and developmental histories but who develop thyroid deficiency later in life following a specific or a series of non-specific infections (juvenile hypothyroidism) progress successfully mentally if properly treated. C. S. R.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"94 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.94","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63912908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1935-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.90
PSYCHOLOGY [21] Perseveration and personality.-KENNETH H. ROGERS. Jour. of Ment. Sci., 1935, 81, 145. CONTEMPORARY with the experimental determination of perseveration as a mental function, there have been effected correlative explorations of the possible relationships between this function and personality features. Spearman has indicated that the so-called ' type ' psychology bears on this problem, and perseverative function as a common basic feature of these various personality dichotomies is suggested. Certain investigations would appear to have established a definite relationship between perseveration and personality characteristics. Apart from intelligence, perseveration offers one of the more important contributions toward the delineation of individual differences on a functional basis. C. S. R.
{"title":"Psychopathology","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.90","url":null,"abstract":"PSYCHOLOGY [21] Perseveration and personality.-KENNETH H. ROGERS. Jour. of Ment. Sci., 1935, 81, 145. CONTEMPORARY with the experimental determination of perseveration as a mental function, there have been effected correlative explorations of the possible relationships between this function and personality features. Spearman has indicated that the so-called ' type ' psychology bears on this problem, and perseverative function as a common basic feature of these various personality dichotomies is suggested. Certain investigations would appear to have established a definite relationship between perseveration and personality characteristics. Apart from intelligence, perseveration offers one of the more important contributions toward the delineation of individual differences on a functional basis. C. S. R.","PeriodicalId":50117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology","volume":"s1-16 1","pages":"90 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1935-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/jnnp.s1-16.61.90","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63912841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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