Journal of Neurolinguistics最新文献_第2页

Attention to L2 morpho-syntactic form across visual and aural modalities and the modulation of working memory: ERP evidence 跨视觉和听觉模态对第二语言形态句法形式的注意与工作记忆的调节：ERP证据

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101286

Binyuan Zhuang , Shuting Hu , Lijuan Liang

The allocation of L2 learners’ attention to meaning and form across visual and aural modalities has been a critical area of research for decades. However, there is ongoing debate about whether L2 learners struggle to attend to both meaning and form simultaneously in the aural modality. This study investigates how L2 learners process morpho-syntactic form across these modalities when asked to read or listen for comprehension, and examines the modulatory role of working memory (WM). Thirty-four Chinese L2 learners of English with intermediate-high L2 proficiency completed story listening and reading comprehension tasks while ERP data was recorded, time-locked to the onset of the progressive marker “-ing”. Participants were unaware of 40 correct and 40 omitted uses of the marker. They also completed tasks assessing executive, phonological, and visuospatial WM. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that: (1) In the visual modality, syntactic violations elicited larger anterior negativity (AN) than correct forms within 300–500 ms and 500–800 ms, while in the aural modality, syntactic violations did not induce significant changes in ERP deflections compared with correct forms in the same time windows; (2) A significant interaction between Syntactic Correctness, executive WM and visuospatial WM was found only in the visual modality within 300–500ms. While Participants with high executive WM showed early ERP responses to syntactic violations, participants with low executive WM showed similar patterns only when their visuospatial WM was high. These findings suggest that L2 learners could attend to form in the visual modality, whereas such sensitivity may be less observable in the aural modality under the present experimental conditions. Moreover, visuospatial WM and executive WM interactively influence the early detection of morpho-syntactic features in the visual input.

二语学习者在视觉和听觉模式下对意义和形式的注意力分配一直是几十年来研究的一个关键领域。然而，关于二语学习者是否在听觉模态中努力同时注意意义和形式，一直存在争论。本研究探讨了二语学习者在阅读或听力理解时如何处理这些形态-句法形式，并考察了工作记忆（WM）的调节作用。34名具有中高水平英语水平的中国第二语言学习者完成了故事听力和阅读理解任务，同时记录了ERP数据，时间锁定在进行标记“-ing”的开始。参与者不知道标记的40种正确用法和40种省略用法。他们还完成了评估执行、语音和视觉空间WM的任务。线性混合效应模型显示：(1)在视觉模态中，在300-500 ms和500-800 ms内，句法违犯比正确模态诱发了更大的前向负性（AN），而在听觉模态中，在相同的时间窗内，句法违犯比正确模态诱发的ERP偏转没有显著变化；(2)句法正确性、执行WM和视觉空间WM之间的交互作用仅在300-500ms的视觉情态中存在。高执行力WM的参与者对语法错误有早期的ERP反应，而低执行力WM的参与者只有在他们的视觉空间WM高时才表现出类似的模式。这些发现表明，在目前的实验条件下，二语学习者在视觉模态下可以注意到形式，而在听觉模态下这种敏感性可能不太明显。此外，视觉空间WM和执行WM交互影响视觉输入中形态句法特征的早期检测。

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引用次数: 0

From movements to words: action monitoring in the medial frontal cortex along a caudal to rostral prediction error gradient 从运动到言语：内侧额叶皮层沿尾侧到吻侧预测误差梯度的动作监测

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101284

Lydia Dorokhova , Shen Shiqing , Peirolo Morgane , Anton Jean-Luc , Nazarian Bruno , Sein Julien , Chanoine Valérie , Belin Pascal , Kep Kee Loh , Runnqvist Elin

Speech error monitoring recruits the medial frontal cortex (MFC) region in the human brain. Error monitoring-related activity in the MFC has been interpreted both in terms of conflict monitoring and feedback-driven control, but as similar regions of the MFC are implicated in various levels of behavioral control ranging from basic motor movement control to high-level cognitive control functions, a more comprehensive account is needed. Moreover, as speech errors and other actions that involve varying control demands engage a widespread yet partially overlapping set of regions of the MFC, such an account should ideally explain the anatomical distribution of error-related functional activations within the MFC. Here we wanted to assess the hypothesis that the MFC has a similar role in the evaluation of action outcomes for motor and mental actions, operating along a rostral-caudal gradient of higher-lower degree of cognitive control demands involving prediction errors from both sensory and epistemic sources. To this end, we conducted an individual-specific annotation of task-fMRI BOLD activation peaks related to overt speech error monitoring (i.e. that involve the largest degree of cognitive control demands, Study I and II), tongue movement monitoring (i.e. that involve an intermediate degree of cognitive control demands) and tongue movement (i.e. that involve the lowest degree of cognitive control demands, Study II) in the MFC region. Results revealed overlapping clusters across the three contrasts across the MFC, but importantly both the number of peaks and their relative position along the rostral caudal axis were consistent with a hierarchical rostral caudal processing gradient in the MFC. While tongue movement showed more caudal activation in the MFC, overt speech error monitoring showed more rostral activation, and tongue movement monitoring patterned in between. Furthermore, the combined results of both studies suggested that activation peaks were located more dorsally for participants that had a paracingulate gyrus, replicating a previously documented effect for movement and further supporting a common functional role of the MFC across very distinct actions.

语音错误监测利用了人脑的内侧额叶皮层（MFC）区域。MFC中与错误监测相关的活动已经被解释为冲突监测和反馈驱动控制，但由于MFC的类似区域涉及从基本运动控制到高级认知控制功能的不同水平的行为控制，因此需要更全面的解释。此外，由于语音错误和其他涉及不同控制需求的行为涉及广泛但部分重叠的MFC区域，这种解释应该理想地解释MFC中与错误相关的功能激活的解剖分布。在这里，我们想要评估MFC在评估运动和心理行为的行为结果方面具有类似作用的假设，它沿着高-低程度的认知控制需求的喙端-尾端梯度运行，包括来自感觉和认知来源的预测错误。为此，我们对MFC区域的显性言语错误监测（即涉及最大程度的认知控制需求，研究I和II）、舌头运动监测（即涉及中等程度的认知控制需求）和舌头运动（即涉及最低程度的认知控制需求，研究II）相关的任务- fmri BOLD激活峰进行了个体特异性注释。结果显示，在MFC的三个对比中存在重叠的簇，但重要的是，峰的数量及其沿吻侧尾轴的相对位置与MFC中吻侧尾轴的分层加工梯度一致。虽然舌运动在MFC显示更多的尾侧激活，但明显言语错误监测显示更多的吻侧激活，舌运动监测在两者之间。此外，两项研究的综合结果表明，具有副扣带回的参与者的激活峰位于更背侧，复制了先前记录的运动效应，并进一步支持MFC在非常不同的动作中的共同功能作用。

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引用次数: 0

Brain interactions underlying speech monitoring in language production 语言产生过程中语音监测背后的脑交互作用

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101285

Yusheng Y.S.Wang , Katherine D. Andrade , Elizabeth J. Anderson , Leena Kansal , Carrie McDonald , Sharona Ben-Haim , Jerry Shih , Ashkan Ashrafi , Stephanie K. Riès

This study investigates functional connectivity patterns between brain regions supporting speech monitoring in seven participants with epilepsy undergoing stereotactic electroencephalographic (SEEG) monitoring and participating in a picture-word interference (PWI) task. Using graph signal processing (GSP) techniques, we found that three brain regions previously associated with speech monitoring processes, namely the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), superior temporal gyrus (STG), and insula, functionally interact with each other and other regions around vocal onset and that these connections are more probable in errors than correct trials. Furthermore, the timing of their involvement in functional connectivity metrics indicates that they play distinct yet complementary roles in inner and outer speech monitoring. Specifically, the ACC maintains constant connectivity patterns before and after vocal onset, suggesting a continuous role in proactive and reactive speech monitoring. The STG shows stronger connectivity after vocal onset, consistent with its role in processing auditory feedback and external monitoring. Conversely, the insula exhibits stronger connectivity before vocal onset than after, suggesting that it plays a role in articulatory planning and inner speech monitoring. Our results align with the conflict-based account of speech monitoring in language production and suggest that inner and outer speech monitoring are supported by dynamic interactions between key brain regions of a network.

本研究调查了7名接受立体定向脑电图（SEEG）监测和参与图像-文字干扰（PWI）任务的癫痫患者支持言语监测的脑区之间的功能连接模式。利用图信号处理（GSP）技术，我们发现先前与语音监测过程相关的三个大脑区域，即前扣带皮层（ACC）、颞上回（STG）和脑岛，在发声开始时相互作用，并且这些连接在错误试验中比正确试验中更可能发生。此外，它们参与功能连接指标的时间表明，它们在内部和外部语音监测中发挥着不同但互补的作用。具体来说，前扣带皮层在发声前后保持恒定的连接模式，这表明它在主动和反应性言语监测中起着持续的作用。STG在发声后表现出更强的连通性，与其处理听觉反馈和外部监测的作用一致。相反，脑岛在发声前比发声后表现出更强的连通性，这表明它在发音规划和内部言语监控中发挥作用。我们的研究结果与语言产生过程中基于冲突的语音监控相符，并表明内部和外部语音监控是由网络关键大脑区域之间的动态相互作用支持的。

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引用次数: 0

A γ operational workspace for syntax in L1 and L2 processing: evidence from recursive re-representations of wh-fillers in French L1和L2处理中语法的γ操作工作区：来自法语中wh填充符递归再现的证据

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101281

Laurent Dekydtspotter , A. Kate Miller , Mike Iverson , Jih-ho Cha , Jane A. Gilbert , Jae Hyun Ahn , Kent Meinert , Ludan Yang , Hongyu Zhang

Recent theoretical proposals identify cortical gamma (γ) oscillations as signaling a mechanistic γ operational workspace (e.g., Murphy, 2024). Following the hypothesis that first (L1) and second (L2) languages involve shared neurofunctional mechanisms (Green & Abutalebi, 2008), we document cortical γ oscillatory dynamics in processing wh-filler-gap dependencies across a clause edge such as ‘Which decision regarding/about him did Paul say that Lydie had rejected without hesitation?’ in L1 and L2 French using electroencephalography. We manipulated wh-filler grammatical specifications with modifiers (Mods) vs. lexically specified complements (Comps) and with pronouns marked for antecedent gender or not. We used cluster-based non-parametric permutation tests (Oostenveld et al., 2011) in an analysis window covering ‘said that’ in two bins: 30–100Hz (broadband γ) and 30–50Hz (low γ). Event-related power differences (ERPDs) showed greater power for Comps than Mods and for antecedent-gender-specified than gender-unspecified Comps across L1 and L2. Narrowband/low-γ effects started in advance of bridge verb access and were maintained after verb access into the subordinator. These significant effects were echoed by broadband-γ ERPDs timed with the verb and subordinator, suggesting output activity in object creation. Two bursts of between-group ERPDs in low and broadband γ, respectively, reflected the (lack of) antecedent-gender specification of pronouns in anaphora relations. Hence, these patterns of oscillatory dynamics suggest that similarities and differences between L1 and L2 are accounted for by a γ-implemented operational workspace (Murphy, 2024) that enables the creation of structural and referential chain objects (Dekydtspotter et al., 2024).

最近的理论建议认为皮质γ振荡是一个机制γ操作工作空间的信号（例如，Murphy, 2024）。假设第一语言（L1）和第二语言（L2）涉及共享的神经功能机制(Green &；Abutalebi, 2008)，我们记录了大脑皮层γ振荡动力学在处理跨子句边缘(如“关于他，保罗说过的哪个决定被Lydie毫不犹豫地拒绝了？”在L1和L2法语中使用脑电图。我们用修饰语（Mods）和词法上指定的补语（Comps）以及代词标记先行词性别或不标记先行词性别来操纵填充词的语法规范。我们在一个分析窗口中使用了基于聚类的非参数排列测试（oostenvelope等人，2011年），该分析窗口覆盖了两个箱子中的“said”：30-100Hz（宽带γ）和30-50Hz（低γ）。事件相关功率差异（erpd）显示，在第一、二语言中，事件相关功率差异在比较中高于mod，在前词性别指定的比较中高于非性别指定的比较。窄带/低γ效应在桥接动词进入之前开始，并在动词进入从属体后维持。这些显著的影响在与动词和从属词同步的宽频γ erpd中得到了回应，表明在对象创建中有输出活动。组间erpd分别在低γ和宽带γ区域爆发，反映了指代关系中代词的先行性别规范（缺乏）。因此，这些振荡动力学模式表明，L1和L2之间的相似性和差异是由γ实现的操作工作空间（Murphy, 2024）来解释的，该工作空间能够创建结构和参考链对象（Dekydtspotter等人，2024）。

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引用次数: 0

Some complications with neurolinguistic research on unaccusativity 神经语言学非宾格性研究中的一些问题

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101283

David Kemmerer

Two classes of intransitive verbs involve different syntactic-semantic linking patterns. Unergative verbs follow the canonical pattern because the subject noun-phrase (NP) expresses the actor of the described event (e.g., The boy ran), whereas unaccusative verbs have a noncanonical pattern because the subject NP expresses the undergoer of the described event (e.g., The boy fell). Many neurolinguistic studies suggest that, compared to unergative verbs, unaccusative ones are harder to process. After summarizing this literature, I point out two complications with it. First, a large proportion of the researchers unjustifiably assume a Chomskyan analysis of unaccusative verbs whereby the NP linked with the undergoer role is an underlying direct object that must be moved to the subject position. Second, most of the studies ignore several important aspects of unaccusativity, including problems with putative syntactic diagnostics and extensive crosslinguistic diversity that is nonetheless semantically constrained.

两类不及物动词具有不同的句法语义连接模式。非否定动词遵循规范模式，因为主语名词短语（NP）表达了所描述事件的行动者（例如，男孩跑了），而非宾格动词具有非规范模式，因为主语NP表达了所描述事件的经历者（例如，男孩摔倒了）。许多神经语言学研究表明，与非否定动词相比，非宾格动词更难处理。在总结了这些文献之后，我指出了它的两个复杂之处。首先，很大一部分研究者不合理地假设了乔姆斯基式的非宾格动词分析，即与经历者角色相连的NP是一个必须移动到主语位置的潜在直接宾语。其次，大多数研究忽略了非宾格性的几个重要方面，包括假定的句法诊断问题和广泛的跨语言多样性问题，尽管如此，这些问题在语义上受到限制。

引用次数: 0

Do domain-general and language-specific genes affect bilingual language control? Evidence from delta oscillations 领域通用基因和语言特定基因会影响双语语言控制吗？来自振荡的证据

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101282

Shuang Liu , Dongxue Liu , John W. Schwieter , Huanhuan Liu

Language control is a complex cognitive process that is subject to ongoing debate regarding its determining factors and relationship to domain-general control. Recently, researchers have begun examining the role of genetics in language control, yet our understanding of such influences, both language-specific and domain-general, remains limited. In the present study, bilinguals completed a cued language switching task while their brain activity was recorded by EEG. Analyses on behavioral performance and delta oscillations indicated that bilinguals with FOXP2-GA and those with BDNF-CC incurred switch costs or reversed switch costs that were modulated by language (L1 vs. L2) during the language schema selection phase. Similarly, BDNF-TT and KIBRA-CC + CT displayed the same pattern, but during the lexical selection response phase. These results suggest that the influence of genes on language control varies depending on the language. These findings indicate language control is a complex system that may reflect language-specific processes, while domain-general control plays a supplementary role.

语言控制是一个复杂的认知过程，关于其决定因素及其与领域控制的关系一直存在争议。最近，研究人员开始研究基因在语言控制中的作用，但我们对这种影响的理解，无论是特定语言还是一般领域，仍然有限。在本研究中，双语者在完成提示语言转换任务的同时，用脑电图记录他们的大脑活动。行为表现和δ振荡分析表明，FOXP2-GA双语者和BDNF-CC双语者在语言模式选择阶段会产生由语言（L1 vs L2）调节的转换成本或反向转换成本。同样，BDNF-TT和KIBRA-CC + CT显示相同的模式，但在词汇选择反应阶段。这些结果表明，基因对语言控制的影响因语言而异。这些发现表明，语言控制是一个复杂的系统，可能反映特定语言的过程，而领域一般控制起补充作用。

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引用次数: 0

Cerebral reorganization patterns predicting language recovery in individuals with post-stroke anomia: Evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy 脑重组模式预测脑卒中后语言障碍患者的语言恢复：来自功能性近红外光谱的证据

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101280

Meng-Huan Wang , Jing Gao , Wei-Wei Dou , Lily Zihe Yin , Ya-Ting Sun , Zhong-Li Jiang , Feng Lin

This study integrates functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with network-based statistics (NBS) to investigate the brain functional reorganization patterns in patients with post-stroke anomia (PSA) and their relationship with language recovery. The study included 28 patients with mild to moderate PSA and a matched healthy control group (HC). A parallel controlled trial design was employed to compare neural and behavioral changes before and after language intervention between the normal treatment (NT) and deferred treatment (DT) groups. The results revealed that: (1) in PSA patients, activation of the left hemisphere Broca's area and supramarginal gyrus (SMG) was significantly reduced during an overt naming task, while compensatory activation in the right hemisphere inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) was enhanced; (2) following treatment, the NT group exhibited a significant increase in hemodynamic responses and functional connectivity in the left hemisphere premotor and supplementary motor area (pSMA), Broca's area, and SMG, accompanied by a reduction in right hemisphere activation, whereas the DT group relied primarily on inefficient reorganization within the right hemisphere and visual cortex; (3) graph theory analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between node centrality in the left hemisphere Broca's area and SMG, as well as improvements in naming accuracy and language scores. The study confirms that efficient reorganization of the left hemisphere language network is a core mechanism underlying PSA recovery, with targeted language therapy promoting functional compensation through network integration, while spontaneous recovery depends on atypical pathways. This study provides dynamic evidence for the neuroplastic mechanisms of post-stroke language impairment and supports neuroimaging-based evidence for early clinical intervention.

本研究将功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）与基于网络的统计学（NBS）相结合，探讨脑卒中后异常异常（PSA）患者的脑功能重组模式及其与语言恢复的关系。该研究包括28例轻度至中度PSA患者和匹配的健康对照组（HC）。采用平行对照试验设计比较正常治疗组（NT）和延迟治疗组（DT）语言干预前后的神经和行为变化。结果表明：(1)PSA患者在显性命名任务中，左半球布洛卡区和边缘上回（SMG）的激活显著降低，而右半球额下回（IFG）的代偿性激活增强；(2)治疗后，NT组表现出左半球运动前和辅助运动区（pSMA）、Broca区和SMG的血流动力学反应和功能连接显著增加，同时右半球激活减少，而DT组主要依赖于右半球和视觉皮层内低效的重组；(3)图论分析表明，左半球Broca区节点中心性与SMG显著正相关，命名准确率和语言分数也有显著提高。该研究证实，左半球语言网络的有效重组是PSA恢复的核心机制，有针对性的语言治疗通过网络整合促进功能补偿，而自发恢复依赖于非典型途径。本研究为脑卒中后语言障碍的神经可塑性机制提供了动态证据，并为早期临床干预提供了基于神经影像学的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic effect of context on processing L2 metaphors with varied conventionality: an ERP study 语境对二语隐喻加工的动态影响：一个ERP研究

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101269

Zhao Yao, Xinle Huang, Mengrui Zhu

The role of context in inferring the meaning of metaphors has been the focus of attention, yet it remains less clear how context takes effect in the online processing of L2 conventional and novel metaphors. We conducted a reading task, in which Chinese-English bilinguals were presented with conventional and novel metaphorical English sentences preceded by supportive or literal contexts, and were required to select an adjective matched with target sentences. We recorded EEG activity while participants read metaphorical sentences divided into three segments based on their syntactic structure (X IS Y). Results showed that novel metaphors in supportive contexts evoked an increased sustained negativity (600–800 ms) in the frontal region in the first two segments, a larger frontal N400 (350–450 ms) in the second and third segments, and a reduced late frontal positivity (550–800 ms) in the third segment than in literal contexts. These results showed that for novel metaphors, supportive context inhibits the early-stage lexical access but facilitates the late-stage integration of metaphorical meanings. However, no similar difference was observed for conventional metaphors, as their salient meanings could be directly accessed. This finding suggests that context plays a dynamic role in the time course of L2 metaphor processing, particularly for novel ones. In brief, this study reveals that metaphor conventionality can modulate the effect of context on L2 metaphor processing, thus complementing the debate over the role of context in L2 metaphor comprehension.

语境在隐喻意义推断中的作用一直是人们关注的焦点，但语境在二语传统隐喻和新隐喻在线加工中的作用尚不清楚。我们进行了一项阅读任务，向中英双语者提供传统的和新颖的英语隐喻句子，前面有支持或字面上下文，并要求他们选择一个与目标句子相匹配的形容词。我们记录了参与者在阅读根据句法结构（X和Y）分为三段的隐喻句子时的脑电图活动。结果表明，与文字语境相比，支持语境下的新隐喻在前两个脑区诱发了持续的负性反应（600 ~ 800 ms），在第二和第三脑区诱发了更大的N400 (350 ~ 450 ms)，而在第三脑区诱发了较低的后期正面反应（550 ~ 800 ms）。结果表明，对于新隐喻，支持性语境抑制了早期词汇的获取，但促进了后期隐喻意义的整合。然而，对于传统的隐喻，没有发现类似的差异，因为它们的显著意义是可以直接获得的。这一发现表明语境在二语隐喻加工的时间过程中起着动态的作用，特别是对于新奇的隐喻。总之，本研究揭示了隐喻的惯例性可以调节语境对二语隐喻加工的影响，从而补充了关于语境在二语隐喻理解中的作用的争论。

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引用次数: 0

Noise influence on context formation and lexical retrieval in speech comprehension 语音理解中噪声对语境形成和词汇检索的影响

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101270

Cheng-Hung Hsin , Chia-Ying Lee

Context-based lexical predictions facilitate speech comprehension, but noise can disrupt these mechanisms by degrading context formation and word retrieval. This study investigated how noise affects the word predictability effect during comprehension through analysis of three event-related potentials: The N200, N400, and late positive component (LPC). Sixty participants listened to clear and noise-masked sentences ending with high- or low-predictability words for comprehension across two experiments. In Experiment 1, we masked sentence frames to degrade context while preserving final words. In Experiment 2, we masked final words to hinder retrieval while preserving context. Clear speech in Experiment 1 elicited a typical N400 predictability effect. Importantly, noisy contexts elicited both a frontal N200 predictability effect and an unattenuated early N400 effect, suggesting that enhanced sound-meaning processing maintains comprehension despite continuous noise. In Experiment 2, both clear and noisy final words produced N400 and posterior LPC predictability effects, indicating that reanalysis helps consolidate word representations affected by transient and unpredictable sentence-end noise. These findings highlight how context formation and word retrieval jointly shape prediction under adverse listening conditions. The N200 and LPC effects reveal mechanisms of early phonological analysis and late reanalysis that support comprehension despite challenging acoustics. Our results illuminate the distinct cognitive mechanisms that support comprehension resilience through context use and word processing, advancing theories of speech comprehension.

基于上下文的词汇预测有助于语音理解，但噪声会通过降低上下文形成和单词检索来破坏这些机制。本研究通过分析三个事件相关电位：N200、N400和后期正成分（late positive component， LPC），探讨了噪声对理解过程中单词可预测性效应的影响。在两个实验中，60名参与者听了以高可预测性或低可预测性单词结尾的清晰和噪音掩盖的句子来理解。在实验1中，我们在保留最终词的同时掩盖句子框架来降低语境。在实验2中，我们在保留语境的同时屏蔽了最终词以阻碍检索。实验1中的清晰言语产生典型的N400可预测性效应。重要的是，嘈杂的环境引发了额叶N200可预测性效应和未减弱的早期N400效应，这表明尽管持续的噪音，增强的声音-意义加工仍能保持理解。在实验2中，清晰和有噪声的最终词都产生了N400和后验LPC的可预测性效应，表明再分析有助于巩固受瞬时和不可预测的句尾噪声影响的词表征。这些发现强调了在不利听力条件下，语境形成和词语检索如何共同影响预测。N200和LPC效应揭示了早期音位分析和后期再分析的机制，尽管具有挑战性的声学，但它们支持理解。我们的研究结果阐明了通过语境使用和文字处理支持理解弹性的独特认知机制，从而推进了言语理解理论。

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引用次数: 0

N400 signatures of presupposition and assertion correlate with pragmatic mismatches, not with epistemic vigilance 假设和断言的N400特征与语用错配相关，而与认知警惕无关

IF 1.2 3区心理学 Q2 LINGUISTICS

Journal of Neurolinguistics

Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2025.101268

Edoardo Lombardi Vallauri , Giulia Giunta , Viviana Masia , Emanuele Maiorana , Patrizio Campisi

This study investigates the N400 component, first identified in response to the presupposition of unshared information compared to the presupposition of shared information and the assertion of unshared information. Two hypotheses were tested: (i) the N400 only represents a pragmatic mismatch due to a less predicted informational packaging associated with some content, or (ii) it reflects variations in critical attention under different packaging conditions. Our findings support the first hypothesis. The N400 correlates with pragmatic mismatches between the linguistic encoding of content and its previous cognitive status, namely (1a) presupposition vs assertion of unshared information and (1b) presupposition of shared vs unshared information; and (2a) assertion vs presupposition of shared information and (2b) assertion of shared vs unshared information. The N400 is absent in equally matching conditions, i.e., the presupposition of shared content vs the assertion of unshared content (both matching) and the presupposition of unshared content vs the assertion of shared content (both mismatching). These conclusions offer insights into one of the key ERP components of language processing.

本研究调查了N400成分，首先确定了对非共享信息的预设的响应，将其与共享信息的预设和非共享信息的断言进行了比较。测试了两个假设：(i) N400仅代表由于与某些内容相关的较少预测的信息包装而导致的语用不匹配，或者（ii）它反映了不同包装条件下关键注意力的变化。我们的发现支持了第一个假设。N400与内容的语言编码与其先前认知状态之间的语用不匹配有关，即：（1a）预设与非共享信息的断言，（1b）预设与非共享信息；（2a）共享信息的断言与预设（2b）共享信息与非共享信息的断言。在同样匹配的条件下，即共享内容的预设与非共享内容的断言（两者都匹配）以及非共享内容的预设与共享内容的断言（两者都不匹配），N400是不存在的。这些结论为语言处理的关键ERP组成部分之一提供了见解。

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