Pub Date : 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00326-7
Tian Gan, Tanisha Dighe, Maurizio Porfiri
There is consensus that urban residents have better access to healthcare than rural residents in the USA, yet this knowledge is based mostly on primary care services. Here we put forward a multidimensional examination of healthcare access to 75 medical specialties in 898 US cities. Leveraging urban scaling theory, economic geography and network science, we confirm the expectation that residents in large cities have access to a more diverse range of specialists. Concurrently, we register a surprising sublinear scaling of the prevalence of most specialty providers: the larger the city, the less the provision of specialized healthcare per capita and per unit area. We propose that the trade-off between diversity and provision is related to economic clustering in the healthcare sector and high patient loading of providers in large cities. These findings suggest the need for city-specific strategies to address emerging inequalities in healthcare services. Healthcare access varies dramatically across urban areas, yet most research focuses on primary care in rural versus urban settings. Analysis of medical specialties across US cities reveals a surprising paradox: larger cities offer more diverse healthcare but fewer specialists per capita.
{"title":"Trade-off between diversity and provision of specialized healthcare in US cities","authors":"Tian Gan, Tanisha Dighe, Maurizio Porfiri","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00326-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00326-7","url":null,"abstract":"There is consensus that urban residents have better access to healthcare than rural residents in the USA, yet this knowledge is based mostly on primary care services. Here we put forward a multidimensional examination of healthcare access to 75 medical specialties in 898 US cities. Leveraging urban scaling theory, economic geography and network science, we confirm the expectation that residents in large cities have access to a more diverse range of specialists. Concurrently, we register a surprising sublinear scaling of the prevalence of most specialty providers: the larger the city, the less the provision of specialized healthcare per capita and per unit area. We propose that the trade-off between diversity and provision is related to economic clustering in the healthcare sector and high patient loading of providers in large cities. These findings suggest the need for city-specific strategies to address emerging inequalities in healthcare services. Healthcare access varies dramatically across urban areas, yet most research focuses on primary care in rural versus urban settings. Analysis of medical specialties across US cities reveals a surprising paradox: larger cities offer more diverse healthcare but fewer specialists per capita.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 10","pages":"980-989"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00313-y
Agnieszka Krzyżaniak, Daisy Hessenberger
Cities urgently require sustainable and regenerative practices, such as nature-based solutions (NbSs). Successful in climate adaptation and increasing biodiversity, NbSs often combine gray and green infrastructure to tackle more complex issues. Simultaneously, synthetic biology (SynBio)—the ability to ‘write’ DNA and thereby enhance organisms—is on the rise. Despite its own set of challenges, including ethical ones, SynBio has the potential to address limitations in resources, increases in pollution and even the fading biodiversity of our cities. Hence, its role in regeneration, especially in conjunction with NbSs, should be explored. After all, interesting times require interesting measures. Nature-based solutions have long been touted as important for addressing urban challenges, such as from climate change. This Perspective argues for using synthetic biology to help to meet such challenges and make our cities more sustainable.
{"title":"Tackling urban challenges with synthetic biology in SynCity","authors":"Agnieszka Krzyżaniak, Daisy Hessenberger","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00313-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00313-y","url":null,"abstract":"Cities urgently require sustainable and regenerative practices, such as nature-based solutions (NbSs). Successful in climate adaptation and increasing biodiversity, NbSs often combine gray and green infrastructure to tackle more complex issues. Simultaneously, synthetic biology (SynBio)—the ability to ‘write’ DNA and thereby enhance organisms—is on the rise. Despite its own set of challenges, including ethical ones, SynBio has the potential to address limitations in resources, increases in pollution and even the fading biodiversity of our cities. Hence, its role in regeneration, especially in conjunction with NbSs, should be explored. After all, interesting times require interesting measures. Nature-based solutions have long been touted as important for addressing urban challenges, such as from climate change. This Perspective argues for using synthetic biology to help to meet such challenges and make our cities more sustainable.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 9","pages":"783-793"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00279-x
Cheng-Kai Hsu, D. Alex Quistberg, Brisa N. Sánchez, Josiah L. Kephart, Usama Bilal, Nelson Gouveia, Carolina Pérez Ferrer, Waleska T. Caiaffa, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Ignacio Yannone, Daniel A. Rodríguez
Latin America experiences both high road traffic mortality and extreme heat, which have been shown elsewhere to be interrelated. However, few studies have examined this association in Latin America—one of the world’s most urbanized, fastest-motorizing regions, with a high share of vulnerable road users—and even fewer have analyzed multiple cities across diverse climates and urban settings. Leveraging ambient temperature and road traffic mortality data (2000–2019) from 272 cities in six Latin American countries, we conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study. On the basis of over 1.9 million city-days of data, we found that road traffic mortality risk generally increased with temperature in a monotonic pattern, with significantly elevated risk on extremely hot days, defined at the 95th and 99th temperature percentiles. Risks were particularly high among younger individuals (≤19 years), males, motorcyclists and bicyclists and in cities with hotter climates, longer commutes and more extended street segments. Cities in the tropical Global South should prioritize protecting vulnerable road users, particularly those in peripheral areas, where many endure long, heat-exposed commutes in informal, non-climate-controlled transport. Extreme heat in Latin America increases road traffic mortality risks, with motorcyclists and bicyclists facing a 27% higher risk on the hottest days. Urban protection measures for vulnerable commuters in cities in the Global South are critical as climate change intensifies heat exposure.
{"title":"Individual and city-level variations in heat-related road traffic deaths in Latin America","authors":"Cheng-Kai Hsu, D. Alex Quistberg, Brisa N. Sánchez, Josiah L. Kephart, Usama Bilal, Nelson Gouveia, Carolina Pérez Ferrer, Waleska T. Caiaffa, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Ignacio Yannone, Daniel A. Rodríguez","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00279-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00279-x","url":null,"abstract":"Latin America experiences both high road traffic mortality and extreme heat, which have been shown elsewhere to be interrelated. However, few studies have examined this association in Latin America—one of the world’s most urbanized, fastest-motorizing regions, with a high share of vulnerable road users—and even fewer have analyzed multiple cities across diverse climates and urban settings. Leveraging ambient temperature and road traffic mortality data (2000–2019) from 272 cities in six Latin American countries, we conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study. On the basis of over 1.9 million city-days of data, we found that road traffic mortality risk generally increased with temperature in a monotonic pattern, with significantly elevated risk on extremely hot days, defined at the 95th and 99th temperature percentiles. Risks were particularly high among younger individuals (≤19 years), males, motorcyclists and bicyclists and in cities with hotter climates, longer commutes and more extended street segments. Cities in the tropical Global South should prioritize protecting vulnerable road users, particularly those in peripheral areas, where many endure long, heat-exposed commutes in informal, non-climate-controlled transport. Extreme heat in Latin America increases road traffic mortality risks, with motorcyclists and bicyclists facing a 27% higher risk on the hottest days. Urban protection measures for vulnerable commuters in cities in the Global South are critical as climate change intensifies heat exposure.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 9","pages":"897-906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00318-7
Ji Eun Lee, Kwan Ok Lee, Hyojung Lee
Stimulus payment programs have been instrumental in supporting economic activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet their public health implications remain underexplored. This study examines a unique policy in Seoul, South Korea, which restricted stimulus spending to recipients’ residential cities, to assess its potential in mitigating virus transmission. Using credit card transactions, mobility records and COVID-19 case data, we apply a triple difference-in-differences approach to analyze how the policy reshaped spatial consumption patterns. Results indicate that while the stimulus program boosted overall spending, it also significantly redistributed spending geographically. The restriction led to reduced consumption outside Seoul and a greater concentration of local spending, effectively limiting mobility. Spillover analysis shows localized consumption had a lower impact on infection rates than cross-neighborhood consumption. Simulations suggest the geographic restriction reduced COVID-19 cases by 17% versus an unrestricted scenario. These findings suggest geographically targeted stimulus policies can balance economic recovery with public health objectives. Seoul’s stimulus program restricted spending to recipients’ residential cities during the COVID-19 pandemic, redistributing consumption geographically. Analysis of credit card data reveals a decrease in virus spread compared to scenarios without restrictions, offering insights for future pandemics.
{"title":"Geographic restrictions in stimulus spending mitigated COVID-19 transmission in Seoul","authors":"Ji Eun Lee, Kwan Ok Lee, Hyojung Lee","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00318-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00318-7","url":null,"abstract":"Stimulus payment programs have been instrumental in supporting economic activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet their public health implications remain underexplored. This study examines a unique policy in Seoul, South Korea, which restricted stimulus spending to recipients’ residential cities, to assess its potential in mitigating virus transmission. Using credit card transactions, mobility records and COVID-19 case data, we apply a triple difference-in-differences approach to analyze how the policy reshaped spatial consumption patterns. Results indicate that while the stimulus program boosted overall spending, it also significantly redistributed spending geographically. The restriction led to reduced consumption outside Seoul and a greater concentration of local spending, effectively limiting mobility. Spillover analysis shows localized consumption had a lower impact on infection rates than cross-neighborhood consumption. Simulations suggest the geographic restriction reduced COVID-19 cases by 17% versus an unrestricted scenario. These findings suggest geographically targeted stimulus policies can balance economic recovery with public health objectives. Seoul’s stimulus program restricted spending to recipients’ residential cities during the COVID-19 pandemic, redistributing consumption geographically. Analysis of credit card data reveals a decrease in virus spread compared to scenarios without restrictions, offering insights for future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 10","pages":"969-979"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00319-6
There was a considerable trend of urban expansion onto hillsides from 2000 to 2020, which covered 11.65 million hectares globally. This expansion has destroyed 6.73 million hectares of natural habitats and further directly affected about 70% of threatened species, which highlights the fact that urgent policy action is needed to balance such development with terrestrial biodiversity conservation.
{"title":"Urban expansion onto hillsides poses unprecedented threats to terrestrial biodiversity","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00319-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00319-6","url":null,"abstract":"There was a considerable trend of urban expansion onto hillsides from 2000 to 2020, which covered 11.65 million hectares globally. This expansion has destroyed 6.73 million hectares of natural habitats and further directly affected about 70% of threatened species, which highlights the fact that urgent policy action is needed to balance such development with terrestrial biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 10","pages":"916-917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00321-y
Irene Farah, Ryan Thomas Devlin, Chris Hartmann, Jenna Harvey, Christine Hegel
How do local regulations and practices enable or constrain informal work’s potential to contribute to inclusive economic development in US cities? Amid employment and migration crises, informal work provides critical safety nets for those excluded from formal labor markets. Urban planning approaches in San Francisco and New York City often dismiss, disregard or disable informal workers. Examining street vendors and waste pickers, we show how status quo regulatory approaches are not only exclusionary but also miss opportunities to recognize these workers’ contributions. We draw from case studies in the Global South to propose an alternate, inclusive governance approach. Informal workers contribute meaningfully to cities worldwide. This Perspective argues that current regulatory approaches in San Francisco and New York City constrain informal work and workers, considering cases from the Global South in service of a more inclusive approach.
{"title":"The governance of informal street work in San Francisco and New York City","authors":"Irene Farah, Ryan Thomas Devlin, Chris Hartmann, Jenna Harvey, Christine Hegel","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00321-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00321-y","url":null,"abstract":"How do local regulations and practices enable or constrain informal work’s potential to contribute to inclusive economic development in US cities? Amid employment and migration crises, informal work provides critical safety nets for those excluded from formal labor markets. Urban planning approaches in San Francisco and New York City often dismiss, disregard or disable informal workers. Examining street vendors and waste pickers, we show how status quo regulatory approaches are not only exclusionary but also miss opportunities to recognize these workers’ contributions. We draw from case studies in the Global South to propose an alternate, inclusive governance approach. Informal workers contribute meaningfully to cities worldwide. This Perspective argues that current regulatory approaches in San Francisco and New York City constrain informal work and workers, considering cases from the Global South in service of a more inclusive approach.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 10","pages":"918-923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The escalating trend of global hillside urban expansion threatens terrestrial biodiversity and undermines global initiatives, including the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Biodiversity Framework. This study addresses a critical knowledge gap by examining the impacts of hillside urban expansion on terrestrial biodiversity across multiple scales, integrating multi-source high-resolution data with terrestrial vertebrate species datasets. Our results reveal substantial global hillside urban expansion (11.65 Mha) between 2000 and 2020, with 35% occurring within biodiversity hotspots. It encroaches disproportionately on natural habitat compared to urban expansion in flat areas, significantly exacerbating habitat fragmentation. This has far-reaching consequences for terrestrial biodiversity, directly affecting ~70% of globally threatened species and hindering progress towards biodiversity conservation by 2050. Our findings underscore an urgent need for tailored land-use and urban planning strategies that prioritize biodiversity conservation in ecologically sensitive areas. This study lays the groundwork for the development of more sustainable land-use planning, nature conservation and urban development policies. Hillside urbanization rises as cities exhaust flat land, threatening sensitive ecosystems. Mapping of 11.65 Mha added since 2000 reveals that 35% of them are in critical areas, fragmenting habitats and endangering 70% of globally threatened species.
{"title":"Extensive terrestrial biodiversity threats from global hillside urban expansion","authors":"Kaifang Shi, Yizhen Wu, Xiufeng Sun, Yuanzheng Cui, Zuoqi Chen, Lisheng Song, Fengman Fang, Weidong Cao, Jinji Ma, Chang Huang, Lei Gao, Bailang Yu, Brett A. Bryan","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00316-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00316-9","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating trend of global hillside urban expansion threatens terrestrial biodiversity and undermines global initiatives, including the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Biodiversity Framework. This study addresses a critical knowledge gap by examining the impacts of hillside urban expansion on terrestrial biodiversity across multiple scales, integrating multi-source high-resolution data with terrestrial vertebrate species datasets. Our results reveal substantial global hillside urban expansion (11.65 Mha) between 2000 and 2020, with 35% occurring within biodiversity hotspots. It encroaches disproportionately on natural habitat compared to urban expansion in flat areas, significantly exacerbating habitat fragmentation. This has far-reaching consequences for terrestrial biodiversity, directly affecting ~70% of globally threatened species and hindering progress towards biodiversity conservation by 2050. Our findings underscore an urgent need for tailored land-use and urban planning strategies that prioritize biodiversity conservation in ecologically sensitive areas. This study lays the groundwork for the development of more sustainable land-use planning, nature conservation and urban development policies. Hillside urbanization rises as cities exhaust flat land, threatening sensitive ecosystems. Mapping of 11.65 Mha added since 2000 reveals that 35% of them are in critical areas, fragmenting habitats and endangering 70% of globally threatened species.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 10","pages":"937-947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00312-z
The effects of warfare on urban sustainability tend to escape traditional measurements and inventories, but now a satellite-constellation-based approach exposes how warfare is unleashing plumes of methane across battlefronts in Ukraine. Emission patterns flip: cities surge from levels that are a fraction of rural emissions to levels that are many times higher.
{"title":"Satellite analysis of methane emissions connects war and urban sustainability","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00312-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00312-z","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of warfare on urban sustainability tend to escape traditional measurements and inventories, but now a satellite-constellation-based approach exposes how warfare is unleashing plumes of methane across battlefronts in Ukraine. Emission patterns flip: cities surge from levels that are a fraction of rural emissions to levels that are many times higher.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 9","pages":"781-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-04DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00309-8
Zeyu Feng, Rong Hu, Yuqing Pan, Qianjian Xv, Jing Zhang, Qingyong Wang, Kaiqin Cao, Shufeng Liu, Alexander Baklanov, Jens Hesselbjerg Christen, Daniel Rosenfeld, John H. Seinfeld, Shaocai Yu, Pengfei Li
Historically, cities have figured prominently in wars, including as targets. However, the impacts of warfare on the environmental signatures of urban systems remain less understood. Here we propose a comprehensive satellite-constellation-based framework to systematically assess methane emissions attributable to the Russia–Ukraine war. We find that this conflict overturns the conventional urban–rural methane emissions relationship, typically dominated by rural methane emissions. Urban methane emissions, initially just 21% of rural levels, rapidly rise to match rural levels after very few attacks and escalate to ~146%–588% of rural levels under extensive and intensive warfare, revealing urban systems’ greater vulnerability to warfare disruption. Civilian infrastructure, primarily residential buildings, emerges as a major emission source, matching military facilities in both emission intensity and frequency. These findings uncover an underappreciated, direct relationship between warfare, methane emissions and urban degradation. In the context of ongoing global conflicts, this relationship underscores the urgent need to monitor the greenhouse-gas signatures of besieged cities and highlights peace as a fundamental prerequisite for achieving climate-related Sustainable Development Goals. War has myriad recognized impacts on cities and the environment. This study adds insult to injury, providing spaceborne evidence that the destruction of warfare triggers rapid and substantial increases in urban methane emissions.
{"title":"Vast and hidden urban methane emissions from the Russia–Ukraine war","authors":"Zeyu Feng, Rong Hu, Yuqing Pan, Qianjian Xv, Jing Zhang, Qingyong Wang, Kaiqin Cao, Shufeng Liu, Alexander Baklanov, Jens Hesselbjerg Christen, Daniel Rosenfeld, John H. Seinfeld, Shaocai Yu, Pengfei Li","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00309-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00309-8","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, cities have figured prominently in wars, including as targets. However, the impacts of warfare on the environmental signatures of urban systems remain less understood. Here we propose a comprehensive satellite-constellation-based framework to systematically assess methane emissions attributable to the Russia–Ukraine war. We find that this conflict overturns the conventional urban–rural methane emissions relationship, typically dominated by rural methane emissions. Urban methane emissions, initially just 21% of rural levels, rapidly rise to match rural levels after very few attacks and escalate to ~146%–588% of rural levels under extensive and intensive warfare, revealing urban systems’ greater vulnerability to warfare disruption. Civilian infrastructure, primarily residential buildings, emerges as a major emission source, matching military facilities in both emission intensity and frequency. These findings uncover an underappreciated, direct relationship between warfare, methane emissions and urban degradation. In the context of ongoing global conflicts, this relationship underscores the urgent need to monitor the greenhouse-gas signatures of besieged cities and highlights peace as a fundamental prerequisite for achieving climate-related Sustainable Development Goals. War has myriad recognized impacts on cities and the environment. This study adds insult to injury, providing spaceborne evidence that the destruction of warfare triggers rapid and substantial increases in urban methane emissions.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 9","pages":"884-896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-04DOI: 10.1038/s44284-025-00317-8
Haimeng Liu, Chuanglin Fang
Cities — as with complex living systems — could benefit from check-ups, as is happening in a new program in China. However, improvements are needed through adjusting health assessment indicators, enhancing public participation, and integrating the insights of both Eastern and Western medicine.
{"title":"China’s new program gives cities check-ups","authors":"Haimeng Liu, Chuanglin Fang","doi":"10.1038/s44284-025-00317-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-025-00317-8","url":null,"abstract":"Cities — as with complex living systems — could benefit from check-ups, as is happening in a new program in China. However, improvements are needed through adjusting health assessment indicators, enhancing public participation, and integrating the insights of both Eastern and Western medicine.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"2 10","pages":"910-912"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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