Journal of Infection最新文献

{"title":"Traditional use of the term \"epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis\" limits the accuracy of invasive meningococcal disease epidemiological reporting in China.","authors":"Limin Dong, Qing Wang, Wei Shi, Kaihu Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106721","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106721"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147460749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W ST-4821 clonal complex shares a highly conserved capsular switching pattern with ST-11 clonal complex strains","authors":"Jiebin Huang ,&nbsp;Yue Jiang ,&nbsp;Panpan Lv ,&nbsp;Jiehao Cai ,&nbsp;Mei Zeng ,&nbsp;Mingliang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Neisseria meningitidis</em> ST-4821 clonal complex (cc4821) has become the most prevalent in China, which can be divided into four sublineages globally, with the L44.4 sublineage incorporating all serogroup W (MenW) cc4821 isolates. We aimed to illustrate the capsular switching that generated MenW cc4821 isolates, focused on the origin and the universal capsular switching pattern.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The nucleotide sequences of capsular polysaccharide synthesis (<em>cps</em>) gene cluster were extracted from the genomes of cc4821 L44.4 sublineage in the <em>Neisseria</em> PubMLST Database and analyzed using MEGA software. The capsular switching of MenC to MenW was conducted <em>via</em> natural transformation, and the infectivity was evaluated through <em>in vitro</em> experiments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Phylogenetic analysis on <em>cps</em> of cc4821 L44.4 indicated that MenW, MenC, and MenB isolates could be clearly distinguished only in region A. Nm464 performed PacBio sequencing for origin analysis, which identified a potential donor strain (W: P1.18–1,3: F4–1: ST-22 [cc22]). C→W capsular switching was performed <em>ex vivo</em>, with recombinant sequences being highly conserved between cc4821 and cc11 MenW isolates. The transformant expressed a similar level of capsular polysaccharides to the donor strain but grew more slowly than the recipient strain.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>C→W capsular switching with a cc22 strain as the potential donor was identified in cc4821 isolates, which is a highly conserved pattern among MenW strains. A fitness cost was found in the capsular switching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106698"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nationwide genomic characteristics and phylogenetic evolution of ST23-K1 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in relation to virulence and antimicrobial resistance acquisition","authors":"Qiucheng Shi ,&nbsp;Weiyi Huang ,&nbsp;Dongping Hu ,&nbsp;Ping Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinwei Chen ,&nbsp;Huangdu Hu ,&nbsp;Yinping Wang ,&nbsp;Junxin Zhou ,&nbsp;Rui Weng ,&nbsp;Jingjing Quan ,&nbsp;Dongdong Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Du ,&nbsp;Yunsong Yu ,&nbsp;Yan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Hypervirulent <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (hvKp) ST23-K1 poses a global health threat due to its high virulence and increasing antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to characterise the genomic feature and phylogenetic evolution of ST23-K1 in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>K1 isolates from a nationwide epidemiological surveillance project underwent whole-genome sequencing. Virulence was assessed using hypermucoviscosity phenotyping and a murine infection model. For ST23-K1 carrying acquired antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), the CRISPR/Cas system, protospacers, anti-CRISPR (Acr) genes, and plasmidome were characterised. Time-resolved phylogenetic analysis was performed using integrated locally generated and publicly available data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 400 K1 isolates, ST23 was the most prevalent sequence type, and its effective population size increased following CG23-I divergence. The CG23-I sub-lineage was widely distributed nationwide with limited evidence of clonal transmission. Isolates with an incomplete <em>cps</em> locus exhibited significantly reduced virulence compared with those carrying an intact locus. The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive ST23-K1 isolates increased over time, whereas carbapenemase-producing isolates remained stable. Among acquired ARGs-positive ST23-K1 isolates, a conserved protospacer corresponding to a prevalent spacer was identified. This protospacer, together with AcrIE genes, was frequently co-located on IncFII-type plasmids.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ST23-K1 remains a hypervirulent lineage undergoing ongoing evolutionary expansion. The presence of acquired ARGs in ST23-K1 may be associated with AcrIE-harbouring IncFII plasmids, and functional validation is required to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Continuous genomic surveillance is essential to monitor the evolution and antimicrobial resistance trends of ST23-K1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106709"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146259823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global frequency of Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations: A systematic review and meta-analyses","authors":"Thomas J. Callaghan ,&nbsp;Colleen L. Lau ,&nbsp;Suhail A. Doi ,&nbsp;James J. Smith ,&nbsp;Uttara Kennedy ,&nbsp;Francisca Powell-Romero ,&nbsp;Dwan Vilcins ,&nbsp;Rowland N. Cobbold ,&nbsp;Amy V. Jennison ,&nbsp;Shovon Chakma ,&nbsp;Robin Sherlock ,&nbsp;Ricardo J. Soares Magalhães","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106695","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A minority of &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections cause severe morbidity, yet admission rates for patients requiring hospital-based treatment are poorly understood. Our study aimed to quantify the percentage of &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections requiring hospitalisation and determine variation by patient subgroups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we performed a systematic review and meta-analyses of globally reported hospitalisation frequencies for &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections. We performed a risk of bias assessment, followed by meta-analyses under the assumption of common parameters. Results were interpreted from the Quality Effects (QE) models in MetaXL and the heterogeneity of included studies assessed using chi-square tests. In addition to the primary meta-analysis for &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections overall, we conducted subgroup analyses by &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; species, demographic group, clinical group, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) status, start decade of cases and event type (sporadic or outbreak-associated). The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023493466).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 137 articles (containing 235 studies) published from 1979 to 2025 were eligible for meta-analysis. These publications contained 1,377,770 &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections for 946 patient groups (data points), primarily from North America, Europe and Oceania. In the pooled analysis of hospitalisation frequencies for &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections, 13.8% (95% CI 9.6–18.6) of individuals were hospitalised. Steady increases in hospitalisation frequency were observed over time. In a pooled analysis of data from three studies, species other than &lt;em&gt;C. jejuni&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;C. coli&lt;/em&gt; were associated with a higher frequency of hospitalisation (27.3%; 95% CI 11.0–47.2). Pooled hospitalisation frequencies of males (6.4%; 95% CI 1.4–14.1) and females (6.8%; 95% CI 1.5–15.0) were similar, and patients aged ≥65 years (27.9%; 95% CI 13.5–45.0) and children &lt;1 year old (15.6%; 95% CI 9.8–22.4) were hospitalised more often compared to other age groups. Patients with pre-existing conditions were at higher risk of hospitalisation (37.1%; 95% CI 13.4–64.2). Older age, comorbidities and infection with &lt;em&gt;C. fetus&lt;/em&gt; were often associated with bacteraemia. Where bacteraemia was identified, most patients were hospitalised (89.5%; 95% CI 79.6–96.5). Hospitalisations were overrepresented amongst tetracycline-resistant &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections (24.4% hospitalised; 95% CI 21.4–27.5). Cases associated with outbreaks were much less likely (4.2%; 95% CI 1.7–7.6) to be hospitalised compared to sporadic cases (16.1%; 95% CI 8.1–26.1).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Interpretation&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;While most patients with &lt;em&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/em&gt; infections are not hospitalised, vulnerable groups such as the very young, older a","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106695"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled human pneumococcal infection in the Netherlands: Colonisation, antibody responses and the impact of viral co-infection","authors":"Lucille F. van Beek ,&nbsp;Suzanne E.T. Comans ,&nbsp;Koen Totté ,&nbsp;Janeri Fröberg ,&nbsp;Christa E. van der Gaast-de Jongh ,&nbsp;Marc Eleveld ,&nbsp;Daniela M. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Jaco J. Verweij ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Murk ,&nbsp;Matthew B.B. McCall ,&nbsp;Benjamin Mordmüller ,&nbsp;Hans de Graaf ,&nbsp;Marien I. de Jonge ,&nbsp;Dimitri A. Diavatopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Colonisation of the upper airways by <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> is a prerequisite for disease development and shapes immune responses that vary between geographical settings. This first controlled human pneumococcal infection study in the Netherlands assessed colonisation, antibody responses, respiratory symptoms, and concurrent viral infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty healthy adults (19–47 years) were enrolled between May 2022 and February 2023 and inoculated intranasally with 160,000 colony forming units of <em>S. pneumoniae</em> serotype 6B (strain BHN418). Participants were monitored for 28 days to assess colonisation, respiratory viral infection and safety. Serum and nasal lining fluid were collected to measure IgA, IgM and IgG responses to serotype 6B polysaccharide (6B) and whole pneumococci.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight of 20 participants (40%) became colonised. Colonised participants showed significant rises in serum and mucosal IgG and IgA to 6B, but not to pneumococci. Fifteen participants tested positive for at least one respiratory virus. Symptoms were generally mild but occurred more often in those with concurrent pneumococcal colonisation and viral infection.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Colonisation rates were comparable to studies in other populations. Colonisation induced systemic and mucosal antibody responses, while viral co-infection increased symptom burden. This controlled infection study demonstrates feasibility and safety, and establishes a platform for vaccine evaluation and pneumococcal-viral interaction studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106704"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive infections caused by Malassezia spp: A comprehensive review of cases from 1979 to 2024","authors":"Hajar Ben Souna ,&nbsp;Shana Delfosse ,&nbsp;Charles Gibert ,&nbsp;Christophe Hennequin ,&nbsp;Juliette Guitard ,&nbsp;Jeanne Bigot","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Malassezia</em> are lipid-dependent commensal yeasts and an uncommon cause of invasive fungal infection. These are likely underreported due to the specific requirements for <em>Malassezia</em> growth, and therefore poorly understood. This review compiles all cases of invasive <em>Malassezia</em> infection published to date and depicts the main features of these infections. A literature search was conducted using PubMed up to December 2024. 803 records were found, of which 167 cases were analyzed. The review highlights the epidemiology and predisposing factors, with premature newborns, digestive diseases, and lipid supplementation being the main. Further studies are needed to evaluate the usefulness of molecular techniques for detecting <em>Malassezia</em> in blood and tissues. The review suggests a shift in the causative species related to more reliable identification systems. While being the most frequently used antifungal drug, there is little evidence that intravenous amphotericin B is the most appropriate treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106711"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146259740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global systematic literature review of Bordetella pertussis anti-PT IgG seroprevalence 2010 to 2023","authors":"Qin-Yi Ma ,&nbsp;Tong Li ,&nbsp;Shuo Gong ,&nbsp;Jialing Li ,&nbsp;Yongyue Wei ,&nbsp;Yuantao Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Pertussis has witnessed a resurgence in morbidity in recent years. In most countries, pertussis surveillance is inadequate for accurately estimating numbers of cases or deaths. The study aimed to identify the true burden of pertussis based on the published seroepidemiology studies of pertussis worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of five databases was conducted to identify relevant population-based studies published between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2024. The seroprevalence and sero-incidence of anti-pertussis (anti-PT) IgG antibodies were extracted and the estimated incidence of <em>Bordetella pertussis</em> (<em>B. pertussis</em>) infection was calculated based on the meaning of the cut-off value of anti-PT IgG with meta-analysis. The estimated case numbers and incidence of <em>B. pertussis</em> infection across WHO regions were calculated and compared with the data from ‌Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and Global Health Observatory (GHO).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Totally 164 articles were eligible for inclusion in our systematic review and meta-analysis after screening. Overall, the global seroprevalence of pertussis anti-PT IgG antibodies was 23.39% (95% CI 12.63–39.20%) during 2010–2023 and the estimated incidence of <em>B. pertussis</em> infection was 5.11% (95% CI 2.97–8.63%). Compared with regions using whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines (24.63%), those predominantly employing acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines demonstrated a higher seroprevalence (26.39%) but lower estimated infection rates (aP: 4.23% vs. wP: 6.15%; P&lt;0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the seroprevalence of pertussis anti-PT IgG antibodies in different age groups ranged from 16.72% to 56.27%, while the estimated incidence of <em>B. pertussis</em> infection ranged from 3.84% to 13.75%. The World Health Organization African Region contributed the highest seroprevalence of pertussis anti-PT IgG antibodies at 46.28%, while the World Health Organization American Region had the highest incidence of <em>B. pertussis</em> infection at 13.46%. It is estimated that annual pertussis cases can reach 386 million and the incidence of pertussis is much higher than the reported data from GHO and the estimated data from GBD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The true burden of pertussis has likely been grossly underestimated, with its incidence potentially much higher than currently recognized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106708"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population pharmacokinetics of amikacin in patients with a haematological disorder: A prospective, observational study","authors":"Sarah Dräger ,&nbsp;Sereina Livia Müller ,&nbsp;Severin Bausch ,&nbsp;Maja Weisser ,&nbsp;Jörg Halter ,&nbsp;Katharina Rentsch ,&nbsp;Sebastiaan D.T. Sassen ,&nbsp;Birgit C.P. Koch ,&nbsp;Stefano Bassetti ,&nbsp;Verena Gotta ,&nbsp;Michael Osthoff","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess amikacin target attainment in patients with a haematological disorder treated for febrile neutropenia or severe infection and to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective observational single-centre study was conducted at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland between December 2022 and February 2024. Adult patients with a haematological disorder treated with amikacin for 1–3 days were included. Total amikacin concentrations in blood were measured 1 h and 8 h after each administration. The primary objective was target attainment (C_max ≥60 mg/L) at all time points evaluated (in the context of the amikacin ECOFF of 8 mg/L for <em>Enterobacterales</em>). A population PK model was developed to derive individual exposure estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 57 patients with 119 amikacin applications and 174 concentration measurements were included. The median age was 61 years [interquartile range (IQR) 53–68] and 33% were female. Targets of C_max ≥60 mg/L were attained in 11/57 patients (19.3%) and C_max/MIC≥8 in 10/10 patients (100%), in whom a pathogen was identified. In the population PK model, weight and GFR were correlated with PK parameters in the multivariable analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Amikacin target attainment was low in patients with a haematological malignancy treated empirically for FN, when pathogens with higher MICs are considered. Dosing optimisation may be needed to improve target attainment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106710"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146259794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and genotype distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among Chinese women aged 35–64: A national screening population-based study","authors":"Mengke Yan ,&nbsp;Yehuan Yang ,&nbsp;Yanxia Zhao ,&nbsp;Lan Ma ,&nbsp;Yilin Yang ,&nbsp;Ruimin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the prevalence, genotype distribution, and associations of HR-HPV infection with cervical lesion grades among Chinese women aged 35–64 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from women aged 35–64 years who participated in China’s national cervical cancer screening program across 13 provinces in 2021. HR-HPV testing was performed at local laboratories using clinically validated assays approved in China, including pooled detection and genotype-specific platforms following standardized national protocols. Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed in 445,045 women, and genotype distribution was assessed in 113,149 women with available genotyping results. Group differences were assessed using chi-square tests, and factors associated with HR-HPV infection were further explored using multivariable logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of HR-HPV infection was 10.42% (95% CI: 10.33–10.51). Significant regional variation was observed, with higher prevalence in Western China (11.48%; 95% CI: 11.30–11.66) and Central China (11.46%; 95% CI: 10.98–11.96), and lower prevalence in Northeastern China (9.12%; 95% CI: 8.89–9.36). HR-HPV prevalence increased with age, peaking in women aged 60–64 years (12.69%; 95% CI: 12.30–13.09). The most prevalent genotypes were HPV52 (2.36%), HPV16 (1.73%), and HPV58 (1.40%). Single infections predominated among HR-HPV positive women (87.91%). HPV16 was the most frequently detected genotype across all cervical lesion grades, while HPV52 (10.35%) and HPV58 (9.69%) accounted for a higher proportion of high-grade lesions than HPV18 (7.27%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HR-HPV infection remains prevalent among Chinese women, and these population-level findings may help inform age- and region-specific cervical cancer screening strategies and provide epidemiological evidence relevant to HPV vaccination planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106697"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing measles immunity in individuals of childbearing age in Toronto, Ontario, Canada","authors":"Selma Osman ,&nbsp;Michelle Science ,&nbsp;Elizabeth McLachlan ,&nbsp;Alberto Severini ,&nbsp;Callum Arnold ,&nbsp;Dara Petel ,&nbsp;Todd Hatchette ,&nbsp;Shelley Deeks ,&nbsp;Scott A. Halperin ,&nbsp;James Wright ,&nbsp;Kevin Brown ,&nbsp;Susan Richardson ,&nbsp;Aaron Campigotto ,&nbsp;Natasha Crowcroft ,&nbsp;Shelly Bolotin","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Measles is a highly infectious virus with potentially serious complications. Infants too young to be vaccinated depend on maternally-derived, transplacentally-transferred antibodies for early protection. We aimed to identify factors influencing maternal measles immunity, and determine predictors of maternal susceptibility and infant immunity during the first year of life.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a prospective cross-sectional study design, we collected data and samples from infant-mother pairs admitted to the Hospital for Sick Children between 2018 and 2020. Measles antibody titres were measured using the gold-standard plaque reduction neutralisation test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We recruited 258 mothers aged 16–45 years, of whom 80.6% (95% CI: 75.8,85.4) had protective antibody levels. The proportion with protective antibodies was lowest among mothers &lt;25 years at 67.9% (95% CI: 50.6,85.2), increasing to 100% (95% CI: 100.0,100.0) in those &gt;40 years. Among the 233 individuals reporting vaccination status, 97.0% received at least one measles-containing vaccine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nearly one-fifth of mothers in our study were seronegative to measles, increasing to nearly one-third of mothers under 30 years. The higher susceptibility observed in younger individuals within a highly-vaccinated cohort may suggest waning humoral immunity. Further research is needed to understand the significance of the high proportion of seronegative individuals in younger age groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106701"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}