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ANKRD22 as a novel diagnostic biomarker and immunomodulator in tuberculosis disease: A multi-cohort and clinical validation study ANKRD22作为一种新的结核病诊断生物标志物和免疫调节剂:一项多队列和临床验证研究
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106703
Qing-qing Shan , Meng Luo , YongXian Zhang , Daoyan Tang , Jian-Qing He

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat. ANKRD22 has emerged as a candidate biomarker from transcriptomic studies, but its diagnostic and functional role in TB is unclear.

Methods

We analyzed 23 public transcriptomic datasets and validated results in a clinical cohort. ANKRD22 expression was measured by RT‑qPCR. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using ROC analysis. Immune correlations were investigated via GO, KEGG, GSEA, and immune deconvolution. In vitro studies used H37Ra‑infected THP‑1 macrophages with ANKRD22 knockdown.

Results

ANKRD22 expression was significantly upregulated in TB disease compared to infected individuals and healthy controls, increased progressively along the disease continuum, and declined following effective anti‑TB treatment. It demonstrated strong diagnostic performance across multiple datasets (AUC range: 0.709–0.986) and in clinical samples (AUC = 0.855). High ANKRD22 expression was positively correlated with MLR and associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment characterized by increased infiltration of neutrophils, mast cells, regulatory T cells, and myeloid‑derived suppressor cells, alongside decreased NK cells. In vitro, ANKRD22 knockdown attenuated M2 macrophage polarization.

Conclusion

ANKRD22 is a promising diagnostic biomarker for active TB and is linked to an immunosuppressive immune microenvironment, supporting its potential for diagnosis and host‑directed therapy.
背景:结核病(TB)仍然是全球主要的健康威胁。ANKRD22已从转录组学研究中作为候选生物标志物出现,但其在结核病中的诊断和功能作用尚不清楚。方法:我们分析了23个公开的转录组数据集,并在临床队列中验证了结果。采用RT - qPCR检测ANKRD22的表达。采用ROC分析评估诊断表现。通过GO、KEGG、GSEA和免疫反褶积研究免疫相关性。体外研究使用H37Ra感染的THP - 1巨噬细胞并敲低ANKRD22。结果:与感染个体和健康对照相比,ANKRD22在结核病中的表达显著上调,在疾病持续过程中逐渐升高,在有效的抗结核治疗后下降。它在多个数据集(AUC范围:0.709-0.986)和临床样本(AUC = 0.855)中显示出强大的诊断性能。ANKRD22的高表达与MLR呈正相关,并与免疫抑制微环境相关,其特征是中性粒细胞、肥大细胞、调节性T细胞和髓源性抑制细胞的浸润增加,同时NK细胞减少。在体外,ANKRD22敲低可减弱M2巨噬细胞的极化。结论:ANKRD22是一种有前景的活动性结核病诊断生物标志物,与免疫抑制微环境相关,支持其诊断和宿主定向治疗的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Reassessing scarlet fever typing to optimize invasive GAS surveillance in China 重新评估猩红热分型以优化中国有创性气体监测
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106700
Wei Shi , Siyu Chen , Mengyang Guo, Kaihu Yao
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引用次数: 0
Comparative cross-species transcriptomics during RSV infection identifies targets to treat RSV disease 比较RSV感染期间的跨物种转录组学确定治疗RSV疾病的靶标。
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106696
Ziyin Wang , Claire Dunican , Pete Dayananda , Suhaylah Ingar , Myrsini Kaforou , Christopher Chiu , John S. Tregoning
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a health threat to young children worldwide. The host immune response plays a key role in disease following infection. Infection models advance our understanding of respiratory viruses, but individual models have gaps, which overlapping complementary systems can fill. We compared disease signatures in mice, adults and children; combining transcriptomic data collected from blood, nasal mucosa and lung biopsy following RSV infection. We identified both shared and species-specific pathways triggered by RSV. While systemic responses in children’s blood were more similar to those in RSV-challenged adults, mucosal responses during primary infection in mice more closely resembled those in children. We identified an association between IL-17 pathways and RSV pathogenesis and with over-expression of the downstream effectors S100A8 and S100A9. Inhibiting these with the anti-inflammatory drug Paquinimod reduced disease. Here we demonstrate that integrating mouse and human transcriptomic data can identify novel targets to treat RSV disease.
呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)仍然是全世界幼儿的一大健康威胁。宿主免疫反应在感染后的疾病中起着关键作用。感染模型促进了我们对呼吸道病毒的理解,但单个模型存在空白,重叠的互补系统可以填补空白。我们比较了小鼠、成人和儿童的疾病特征;结合RSV感染后血液、鼻黏膜和肺活检收集的转录组学数据。我们确定了RSV触发的共享途径和物种特异性途径。虽然儿童血液中的全身反应与rsv感染的成人更相似,但小鼠原发性感染期间的粘膜反应与儿童更相似。我们确定了IL-17通路与RSV发病机制以及下游效应物S100A8和S100A9的过表达之间的关联。用消炎药帕喹尼mod抑制这些可以减少疾病。在这里,我们证明整合小鼠和人类转录组学数据可以确定治疗RSV疾病的新靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Pre-COVID-19 body mass index and post-acute cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neuropsychiatric outcomes among children and young adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection: An EHR-based cohort study from the RECOVER Initiative covid -19前体重指数和急性后心血管、胃肠道和神经精神结局在儿童和年轻人感染SARS-CoV-2:一项基于ehr的队列研究
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106702
Ting Zhou , Bingyu Zhang , Dazheng Zhang , Ravi Jhaveri , Jiajie Chen , Michael J. Becich , Leah Castro , Yu Chen , Nymisha Chilukuri , Sharon J. Herring , Yuqing Lei , Lu Li , Yiwen Lu , Maxwell Hornig , Amrik Singh Khalsa , David Liebovitz , Abu Saleh Mohammad Mosa , Bradley W. Taylor , Yacob G. Tedla , Drew Thodeson , Yong Chen

Objectives

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) can affect multiple organ systems, but the role of preinfectional body mass index (BMI) in these outcomes among children and young adults remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between pre-COVID-19 BMI status and post-acute cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neuropsychiatric outcomes in children and young adults.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from 139,320 individuals aged 5 to 20 years with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and September 2023 across 20 U.S. pediatric health systems participating in the RECOVER Initiative. Pre-infection BMI was defined using measurements obtained within 18 months before the index date and categorized as healthy weight, overweight, obesity, or severe obesity; when multiple values were available, the most recent measurement was selected. We assessed incident post-acute cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neuropsychiatric symptoms and conditions occurring 28 to 179 days post-infection. Adjusted relative risks (RRs) were estimated using modified Poisson regression models, comparing elevated BMI categories to the healthy weight.

Findings

Among 139,320 participants (mean [SD] age, 13.0 [4.3] years; 51.6% female), severe obesity was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disorders (adjusted RR 2.56; 95% CI 1.93–3.41), particularly hypertension (adjusted RR 3.68; 95% CI 2.65–5.11). Severe obesity was also linked with increased risks of diarrhea (adjusted RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.10–1.64) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (adjusted RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.06–1.58). Associations between BMI and neuropsychiatric outcomes were heterogeneous, with inverse associations observed for some conditions, including anxiety and major depression.

Interpretation

In this cohort study, pre-COVID-19 BMI status was associated with the risk and pattern of post-acute cardiovascular and gastrointestinal outcomes among children and young adults. Association between pre-infection BMI and neuropsychiatric outcomes was more variable and should be interpreted with caution. These findings suggest BMI-stratified post-COVID-19 monitoring strategies may help inform long-term care in youth.
目的:SARS-CoV-2感染急性后后遗症(PASC)可影响多个器官系统,但儿童和年轻人感染前体重指数(BMI)在这些结局中的作用尚不清楚。我们旨在评估儿童和年轻人covid -19前BMI状态与急性后心血管、胃肠道和神经精神结局之间的关系。方法:我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究,使用了2020年3月至2023年9月期间参与RECOVER计划的20个美国儿科卫生系统中139320名5至20岁确诊的SARS-CoV-2感染患者的数据。感染前BMI是根据指数日期前18个月内获得的测量值来定义的,并分为健康体重、超重、肥胖或严重肥胖;当有多个可用值时,将选择最近的测量值。我们评估了感染后28至179天发生的急性心血管、胃肠道和神经精神症状和状况。校正相对危险度(rr)使用修正泊松回归模型进行估计,比较BMI升高类别和健康体重。结果:在139320名参与者(平均[SD]年龄,13.0[4.3]岁;51.6%为女性)中,严重肥胖与心血管疾病的高风险相关(调整后的RR为2.56;95% CI为1.93-3.41),尤其是高血压(调整后的RR为3.68;95% CI为2.65-5.11)。严重肥胖还与腹泻(校正RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.10-1.64)和胃食管反流病(校正RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.06-1.58)的风险增加有关。BMI和神经精神预后之间的关联是不均匀的,在某些情况下观察到负相关,包括焦虑和重度抑郁。在这项队列研究中,covid -19前的BMI状态与儿童和年轻人急性后心血管和胃肠道结局的风险和模式相关。感染前BMI与神经精神预后之间的关系变化较大,应谨慎解释。这些发现表明,bmi分层后covid -19监测策略可能有助于为青年的长期护理提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Emergence of a novel cefotaxime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant strain of serogroup Y Neisseria meningitidis sequence type 23 clonal complex in China 中国一株对头孢噻肟和环丙沙星耐药的Y型脑膜炎奈瑟菌序列23型克隆复合体的出现。
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106713
Hongxia Yang , Hui Wang , Jiting Han , Yang Wang , Suxia Yao , Ming Guang , Yue Jiang , Panpan Lv , Meng Song , Mingliang Chen

Objectives

Neisseria meningitidis is a major pathogen of septicemia and meningitis, with a fatality rate of 10%–15%. Cefotaxime resistance in N. meningitidis remains rare, and has not yet been reported in internationally disseminated serogroup Y (MenY) ST-23 clonal complex (cc23) strains. This study aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology of a novel cefotaxime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant MenY cc23 clone.

Methods

During the period of 2023–2025, 10 MenY isolates were collected from patient (n=1), close contact (n=8), and carrier (n=1) in Shanxi, China. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 12 antibiotics were determined by MIC test strip. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to analyze molecular types, resistance mechanisms, and phylogenetic relationships with other cc23 isolates globally.

Results

Among the 10 MenY isolates, seven were resistant to both cefotaxime (MIC range, 0.75–1 μg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (0.125 μg/ml), intermediate to penicillin (0.19–0.38 μg/ml), and susceptible to ceftriaxone (0.125 μg/ml). These seven isolates shared the fine type Y: P1.5–1,10–1: F4–1: ST-18108 (cc23). WGS analysis revealed that the ST-18108 isolates harbored NEIS1753 allele 5058 (with PBP2 mutations A311V, I312M, V316P, T483S, N512Y, and G545S) and gyrA92 allele (GyrA mutation T91I). NEIS1753_5058 allele phylogenetically clustered with alleles found in N. meningitidis, N. lactamica, and N. cinerea isolates. The nine ST-18108 genomes from this study (n=7) and a previous report from Hebei province (n=2) formed a closely related cluster within the sublineage L23.1, sharing 175 unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Conclusions

A novel cefotaxime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant MenY cc23 clone has emerged in China, with an enhanced transmissibility and a higher level of cefotaxime-resistance, potentially challenging the current IMD treatment and chemoprophylaxis strategies across broader geographic regions. Continuous surveillance for this dual-resistant clone is warranted, utilizing molecular markers including ST-18108, NEIS1753_5058 allele, and the 175 SNPs identified in this study.
目的:脑膜炎奈瑟菌是败血症和脑膜炎的主要病原体,致死率为10%-15%。脑膜炎奈瑟菌对头孢噻肟的耐药性仍然很少见,在国际传播的Y组(MenY) ST-23克隆复合体(cc23)菌株中尚未有报道。本研究旨在描述一种新型头孢噻肟和环丙沙星耐药MenY cc23克隆的分子流行病学特征。方法:2023 ~ 2025年,在山西省从患者(n=1)、密切接触者(n=8)和携带者(n=1)中采集MenY分离株10株。采用MIC试纸测定12种抗生素的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。采用全基因组测序(WGS)分析其分子类型、耐药机制以及与全球其他cc23分离株的系统发育关系。结果:10株MenY菌株中,7株对头孢噻肟(MIC范围为0.75 ~ 1μg/ml)和环丙沙星(MIC范围为0.125μg/ml)均耐药,对青霉素中间耐药(MIC范围为0.19 ~ 0.38μg/ml),对头孢曲松(MIC范围为0.125μg/ml)敏感。这7株分离株均为优良型Y: P1.5-1,10-1: F4-1: ST-18108 (cc23)。WGS分析显示,ST-18108分离株含有NEIS1753等位基因5058 (PBP2突变为A311V、I312M、V316P、T483S、N512Y和G545S)和gyrA92等位基因(GyrA突变为T91I)。NEIS1753_5058等位基因在系统发育上与脑膜炎奈瑟菌、内酰胺奈瑟菌和灰孢奈瑟菌分离株中的等位基因聚集。来自本研究的9个ST-18108基因组(n=7)和先前来自河北省的报道(n=2)在L23.1亚谱系中形成了一个密切相关的集群,共享175个独特的单核苷酸多态性(snp)。结论:中国出现了一种新的对头孢噻肟和环丙沙星耐药的MenY cc23克隆,具有增强的传播性和更高水平的头孢噻肟耐药,可能在更广泛的地理区域挑战当前的IMD治疗和化学预防策略。利用ST-18108、NEIS1753_5058等位基因和本研究中鉴定的175个snp分子标记对该双抗性克隆进行持续监测是有必要的。
{"title":"Emergence of a novel cefotaxime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant strain of serogroup Y Neisseria meningitidis sequence type 23 clonal complex in China","authors":"Hongxia Yang ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Jiting Han ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Suxia Yao ,&nbsp;Ming Guang ,&nbsp;Yue Jiang ,&nbsp;Panpan Lv ,&nbsp;Meng Song ,&nbsp;Mingliang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Neisseria meningitidis</em> is a major pathogen of septicemia and meningitis, with a fatality rate of 10%–15%. Cefotaxime resistance in <em>N. meningitidis</em> remains rare, and has not yet been reported in internationally disseminated serogroup Y (MenY) ST-23 clonal complex (cc23) strains. This study aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology of a novel cefotaxime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant MenY cc23 clone.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>During the period of 2023–2025, 10 MenY isolates were collected from patient (n=1), close contact (n=8), and carrier (n=1) in Shanxi, China. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 12 antibiotics were determined by MIC test strip. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to analyze molecular types, resistance mechanisms, and phylogenetic relationships with other cc23 isolates globally.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 10 MenY isolates, seven were resistant to both cefotaxime (MIC range, 0.75–1 μg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (0.125 μg/ml), intermediate to penicillin (0.19–0.38 μg/ml), and susceptible to ceftriaxone (0.125 μg/ml). These seven isolates shared the fine type Y: P1.5–1,10–1: F4–1: ST-18108 (cc23). WGS analysis revealed that the ST-18108 isolates harbored NEIS1753 allele 5058 (with PBP2 mutations A311V, I312M, V316P, T483S, N512Y, and G545S) and <em>gyrA</em>92 allele (GyrA mutation T91I). NEIS1753_5058 allele phylogenetically clustered with alleles found in <em>N. meningitidis</em>, <em>N. lactamica</em>, and <em>N. cinerea</em> isolates. The nine ST-18108 genomes from this study (n=7) and a previous report from Hebei province (n=2) formed a closely related cluster within the sublineage L23.1, sharing 175 unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A novel cefotaxime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant MenY cc23 clone has emerged in China, with an enhanced transmissibility and a higher level of cefotaxime-resistance, potentially challenging the current IMD treatment and chemoprophylaxis strategies across broader geographic regions. Continuous surveillance for this dual-resistant clone is warranted, utilizing molecular markers including ST-18108, NEIS1753_5058 allele, and the 175 SNPs identified in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106713"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk profiles for acute hepatitis B and C from 2004 to 2024 in Italy: A cluster and disproportionality analysis from the SEIEVA registry 2004年至2024年意大利急性乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎的风险概况:来自SEIEVA登记的聚类和歧化分析
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106706
Roberto Benoni , Arianna Bellini , Luigina Ferrigno , Simonetta Crateri , Maria Elena Tosti , the SEIEVA Collaborating Group

Objectives

Despite the decline in HBV and HCV incidence in Italy, identifying at-risk populations remains a priority. We aimed to identify risk profiles for acute HBV and HCV infections and possible signals of reporting disproportionality.

Methods

The study used data from the Integrated Epidemiological System of Acute Viral Hepatitis from 2004 to 2024. K-medoids clustering was applied to identify acute hepatitis profiles, considering demographic characteristics and major risk factors (drug use, nosocomial risk, men who have sex with men - MSM, risky sexual behaviour, living with HBsAg+ person). Disproportionality signals were assessed using reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results

The 3339 HBV cases were divided into 9 profiles. The most common profiles included Italian males: without reported risk factors (n=940, 28.2%), with heterosexual (n=719, 21.5%), or MSM (n=315, 9.4%) risk sexual behaviour. Six signals for HBV were identified, the most recent for females living with HBsAg+ person (2023 ROR=2.8, 95%CI=1.4–5.6) or without reported risk factors (2021 ROR=2.4, 95%CI=1.5–8.1). The 975 HCV cases were divided into 8 profiles, the most frequent consisting of predominantly Italian females with no reported risk factors (n=181, 18.6%) and young Italian males with a history of drug use (n=135, 13.8%). There were 11 signals identified for HCV of which 5 related to the MSM profile with risky sexual behaviour (most recent in 2024: ROR=4.0, 95%CI=1.5–10.3).

Conclusions

Acute HBV and HCV infections are frequently reported in individuals lacking commonly known risk factors. Awareness and screening campaigns aimed also at low-prevalence populations are needed to reach the elimination target of viral hepatitis as a public health problem.
目的:尽管意大利的HBV和HCV发病率有所下降,但确定高危人群仍然是一个优先事项。我们的目的是确定急性HBV和HCV感染的风险概况以及报告不相称性的可能信号。方法:采用2004 - 2024年急性病毒性肝炎流行病学综合系统进行研究。考虑人口统计学特征和主要危险因素(药物使用、医院风险、与男性男男性行为者发生性行为、高危性行为、HBsAg阳性患者),应用k - medidoids聚类来确定急性肝炎概况。使用报告比值比(ROR)和95%置信区间(95% ci)评估歧化信号。结果:3339例HBV病例分为9个亚型。最常见的概况包括意大利男性:没有报告的危险因素(n=940, 28.2%),异性恋(n=719, 21.5%)或MSM (n=315, 9.4%)有危险的性行为。确定了6种HBV信号,最新的是HBsAg+女性(2023年ROR=2.8, 95%CI=1.4-5.6)或没有报告的危险因素(2021年ROR=2.4, 95%CI=1.5-8.1)。975例HCV病例分为8组,最常见的是无危险因素报告的意大利女性(n=181, 18.6%)和有药物使用史的年轻意大利男性(n=135, 13.8%)。共有11个HCV信号被确定,其中5个与MSM有危险性行为相关(最近一次是在2024年:ROR=4.0, 95%CI=1.5-10.3)。结论:急性HBV和HCV感染经常在缺乏常见危险因素的个体中报道。为实现消除病毒性肝炎这一公共卫生问题的目标,还需要开展针对低流行率人群的提高认识和筛查运动。
{"title":"Risk profiles for acute hepatitis B and C from 2004 to 2024 in Italy: A cluster and disproportionality analysis from the SEIEVA registry","authors":"Roberto Benoni ,&nbsp;Arianna Bellini ,&nbsp;Luigina Ferrigno ,&nbsp;Simonetta Crateri ,&nbsp;Maria Elena Tosti ,&nbsp;the SEIEVA Collaborating Group","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Despite the decline in HBV and HCV incidence in Italy, identifying at-risk populations remains a priority. We aimed to identify risk profiles for acute HBV and HCV infections and possible signals of reporting disproportionality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study used data from the Integrated Epidemiological System of Acute Viral Hepatitis from 2004 to 2024. K-medoids clustering was applied to identify acute hepatitis profiles, considering demographic characteristics and major risk factors (drug use, nosocomial risk, men who have sex with men - MSM, risky sexual behaviour, living with HBsAg+ person). Disproportionality signals were assessed using reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 3339 HBV cases were divided into 9 profiles. The most common profiles included Italian males: without reported risk factors (n=940, 28.2%), with heterosexual (n=719, 21.5%), or MSM (n=315, 9.4%) risk sexual behaviour. Six signals for HBV were identified, the most recent for females living with HBsAg+ person (2023 ROR=2.8, 95%CI=1.4–5.6) or without reported risk factors (2021 ROR=2.4, 95%CI=1.5–8.1). The 975 HCV cases were divided into 8 profiles, the most frequent consisting of predominantly Italian females with no reported risk factors (n=181, 18.6%) and young Italian males with a history of drug use (n=135, 13.8%). There were 11 signals identified for HCV of which 5 related to the MSM profile with risky sexual behaviour (most recent in 2024: ROR=4.0, 95%CI=1.5–10.3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute HBV and HCV infections are frequently reported in individuals lacking commonly known risk factors. Awareness and screening campaigns aimed also at low-prevalence populations are needed to reach the elimination target of viral hepatitis as a public health problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106706"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Zoonotic threat of novel H6N2 avian influenza virus with internal genes exclusively derived from H9N2, China, 2025 新型H6N2禽流感病毒内部基因的人畜共患威胁,中国,2025。
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106705
Kaituo Liu , Xiyue Wang , Jiehong Huang , Pan Liu, Yijia Sun, Wenhao Yang, Xiaolong Lu, Yu Chen, Jiao Hu, Min Gu, Xiaowen Liu, Shunlin Hu, Ruyi Gao, Xiaoquan Wang, Xiufan Liu
{"title":"Zoonotic threat of novel H6N2 avian influenza virus with internal genes exclusively derived from H9N2, China, 2025","authors":"Kaituo Liu ,&nbsp;Xiyue Wang ,&nbsp;Jiehong Huang ,&nbsp;Pan Liu,&nbsp;Yijia Sun,&nbsp;Wenhao Yang,&nbsp;Xiaolong Lu,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Jiao Hu,&nbsp;Min Gu,&nbsp;Xiaowen Liu,&nbsp;Shunlin Hu,&nbsp;Ruyi Gao,&nbsp;Xiaoquan Wang,&nbsp;Xiufan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106705"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146259899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiology of virologically confirmed RSV, influenza and COVID-19 in adults in England, 2023–2024: Primary Care Observational Study of Acute Respiratory Infection (ObservatARI) 2023-2024年英国成人病毒学确诊的RSV、流感和COVID-19流行病学:急性呼吸道感染的初级保健观察研究(ObservatARI)
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106714
José M. Ordóñez-Mena , Jennifer M. Radin , Uy Hoang , Andre B. Araujo , Orsolya Balogh , Ahreej Eltayeb , Gavin Jamie , William H. Elson , Tianyi Lu , Xinchun Gu , Fatima Batool , Joan Madia , Xuejuan Fan , Rachel Byford , Ellya Enesca , Elizabeth Button , David Martin , Filipa Ferreira , Katja Hoschler , Beatrix Kele , Simon de Lusignan

Objectives

To describe the positivity, clinical presentation and predictors of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in adult primary care patients compared to influenza and SARS-CoV-2, prior to the introduction of RSV vaccines.

Methods

We analyzed data from primary care patients aged ≥40 years with an acute respiratory infection. Between 02/10/2023 and 10/04/2024 virology swabs were tested by the UK Health Security Agency for RSV, influenza A and B, and SARS-CoV-2. Percent positivity with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of infection. Clinical presentations were described and compared.

Results

Among 6,161 individuals tested, influenza A had the highest positivity (3.25%, 95% CI: 2.83–3.72), followed by SARS-CoV-2 (2.30%, 95% CI: 1.96–2.71), RSV (2.26%, 95% CI: 1.91–2.66), and influenza B (0.28%, 95% CI: 0.17–0.44). RSV positivity was higher in people aged 60-74 compared to those aged 40-49. RSV cases presented with ILI less often than COVID or influenza A cases.

Conclusions

During the 2023/24 winter season in England, medically-attended RSV presented a significant disease burden, with a positivity comparable to SARS-CoV-2 and approximately 70% of influenza. Given well-established vaccination programmes for influenza and COVID-19, these findings demonstrate an opportunity to introduce an RSV vaccination programme for adults.
目的:描述呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)在成人初级保健患者中与流感和SARS-CoV-2相比的阳性、临床表现和预测因素,在引入RSV疫苗之前。方法:我们分析了年龄≥40岁的急性呼吸道感染初级保健患者的资料。在2023年10月2日至2024年4月10日期间,英国卫生安全局对RSV、甲型和乙型流感以及SARS-CoV-2进行了病毒学拭子检测。估计95%置信区间(ci)的阳性率。多变量逻辑回归确定了感染的预测因子。临床表现进行描述和比较。结果:在6161名受测者中,甲型流感的阳性率最高(3.25%,95% CI: 2.83-3.72),其次是SARS-CoV-2 (2.30%, 95% CI: 1.96-2.71)、RSV (2.26%, 95% CI: 1.91-2.66)和乙型流感(0.28%,95% CI: 0.17-0.44)。60-74岁人群的RSV阳性率高于40-49岁人群。RSV病例出现ILI的频率低于COVID或甲型流感病例。结论:在英国2023/24冬季季节,医疗护理的RSV呈现出显着的疾病负担,其阳性与SARS-CoV-2相当,约为流感的70%。鉴于已建立的流感和COVID-19疫苗接种规划,这些发现表明有机会为成人引入RSV疫苗接种规划。
{"title":"Epidemiology of virologically confirmed RSV, influenza and COVID-19 in adults in England, 2023–2024: Primary Care Observational Study of Acute Respiratory Infection (ObservatARI)","authors":"José M. Ordóñez-Mena ,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Radin ,&nbsp;Uy Hoang ,&nbsp;Andre B. Araujo ,&nbsp;Orsolya Balogh ,&nbsp;Ahreej Eltayeb ,&nbsp;Gavin Jamie ,&nbsp;William H. Elson ,&nbsp;Tianyi Lu ,&nbsp;Xinchun Gu ,&nbsp;Fatima Batool ,&nbsp;Joan Madia ,&nbsp;Xuejuan Fan ,&nbsp;Rachel Byford ,&nbsp;Ellya Enesca ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Button ,&nbsp;David Martin ,&nbsp;Filipa Ferreira ,&nbsp;Katja Hoschler ,&nbsp;Beatrix Kele ,&nbsp;Simon de Lusignan","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe the positivity, clinical presentation and predictors of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in adult primary care patients compared to influenza and SARS-CoV-2, prior to the introduction of RSV vaccines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from primary care patients aged ≥40 years with an acute respiratory infection. Between 02/10/2023 and 10/04/2024 virology swabs were tested by the UK Health Security Agency for RSV, influenza A and B, and SARS-CoV-2. Percent positivity with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of infection. Clinical presentations were described and compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 6,161 individuals tested, influenza A had the highest positivity (3.25%, 95% CI: 2.83–3.72), followed by SARS-CoV-2 (2.30%, 95% CI: 1.96–2.71), RSV (2.26%, 95% CI: 1.91–2.66), and influenza B (0.28%, 95% CI: 0.17–0.44). RSV positivity was higher in people aged 60-74 compared to those aged 40-49. RSV cases presented with ILI less often than COVID or influenza A cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>During the 2023/24 winter season in England, medically-attended RSV presented a significant disease burden, with a positivity comparable to SARS-CoV-2 and approximately 70% of influenza. Given well-established vaccination programmes for influenza and COVID-19, these findings demonstrate an opportunity to introduce an RSV vaccination programme for adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106714"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The DENGVAC study: Preliminary findings on the immunogenicity of the TAK-003 dengue vaccine 登革疫苗研究:TAK-003登革热疫苗免疫原性的初步发现
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106707
Alessandra D’Abramo , Francesca Colavita , Laura Ponzetta , Patrizia De Marco , Serena Vita , Luigi Rosa , Silvia Cammisa , Eleonora Tartaglia , Laura Scorzolini , Eleonora Lalle , Eleonora Cimini , Stefania Notari , Marta Tiberi , Alba Grifoni , Daniela Weiskopf , Alessandro Sette , Linda Petrone , Fabrizio Maggi , Delia Goletti , Emanuele Nicastri

Objectives

This study was designed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the first dose of the TAK-003 dengue vaccine. The immune response profiles of vaccinated participants were compared among individuals who experienced or did not experience natural dengue infection in the past or as an acute infection.

Methods

In this single-centre prospective observational study, subjects were stratified into three groups: Group1—dengue seronegative; Group2—dengue seropositive; Group3—acute dengue infection. The assessments of vaccine-induced immunogenicity included: DENV-2 neutralizing antibodies, monocyte and dendritic cell (DC) phenotyping and T-cell response at baseline (T0) and 3 months (T3) post-vaccination (Group1 and 2) or post-infection (Group3).

Results

One hundred fifty subjects were enrolled at T0, and among them 80 subjects (median age 38 years, 50% male) were also evaluated at T3. Anti-DENV-2 neutralizing antibodies increased 26.9- and 9.19-fold in Group1 and 2, and 3.06-fold in Group3. Group1 showed increased monocytes and Group3 had reduced myeloid-DC and higher plasmacytoid-DC. Group1 and 2 exhibited DENV CD4 MP-induced T-cell responses similar to those observed in Group3. Notably, Group1 demonstrated a significantly greater T-cell response to the DENV CD8 MP than Group3.

Conclusions

Preliminary data showed that TAK-003 vaccine is safe and immunogenic. The first vaccine dose elicits a functional antibody and a robust T-cell response. Further analyses on the current cohort are ongoing.
目的:本研究旨在评估TAK-003登革热疫苗首剂的安全性和免疫原性。在过去经历过或没有经历过登革热自然感染或作为急性感染的个体中,比较了接种疫苗参与者的免疫反应概况。方法:在这项单中心前瞻性观察研究中,受试者被分为三组:组1-登革热血清阴性;Group2-dengue血清反应阳性的;第三组急性登革热感染。疫苗诱导的免疫原性评估包括:DENV-2中和抗体、单核细胞和树突状细胞(DC)表型和t细胞应答,分别在基线(T0)和接种后3个月(T3)(第1组和第2组)或感染后(第3组)。结果:T0时入组150例,其中80例(中位年龄38岁,男性占50%)在T3时也进行了评估。第1组和第2组抗denv -2中和抗体分别增加26.9倍和9.19倍,第3组增加3.06倍。组1单核细胞增多,组3髓细胞dc减少,浆细胞dc升高。组1和组2表现出与组3相似的DENV CD4 mp诱导的t细胞应答。值得注意的是,组1对DENV CD8 MP的t细胞反应明显大于组3。结论:初步资料显示TAK-003疫苗是安全的,具有免疫原性。第一剂疫苗会引起功能性抗体和强大的t细胞反应。对当前队列的进一步分析正在进行中。
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引用次数: 0
Increased immunosuppression and susceptibility to listeriosis in the aging population, France 增加免疫抑制和对李斯特菌病的易感性老龄化人口,法国。
IF 11.9 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106712
Philippe Pérot, Alexandre Leclercq, Marc Lecuit
{"title":"Increased immunosuppression and susceptibility to listeriosis in the aging population, France","authors":"Philippe Pérot,&nbsp;Alexandre Leclercq,&nbsp;Marc Lecuit","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106712","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"92 3","pages":"Article 106712"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Infection
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