Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06301007
M. Freund, O. Bahat, U. Motro
We studied the use of nest-sites by Griffon Vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) and the breeding success in these sites during 1998–2002 in Gamla Nature Reserve (Israel). Nest-sites in which a breeding attempt succeeded in fledging a young, were more likely to be occupied by nesting vultures in the following breeding season, than nest-sites that experienced a failure. This suggests that Griffon Vultures in Gamla used a Win–Stay/Lose–Shift strategy regarding nest-site fidelity.
{"title":"Nest-Site Fidelity in Griffon Vultures: A Case of Win–Stay/Lose–Shift?","authors":"M. Freund, O. Bahat, U. Motro","doi":"10.1163/22244662-06301007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-06301007","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the use of nest-sites by Griffon Vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) and the breeding success in these sites during 1998–2002 in Gamla Nature Reserve (Israel). Nest-sites in which a breeding attempt succeeded in fledging a young, were more likely to be occupied by nesting vultures in the following breeding season, than nest-sites that experienced a failure. This suggests that Griffon Vultures in Gamla used a Win–Stay/Lose–Shift strategy regarding nest-site fidelity.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-06301007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44736514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06301011
Yuval Itescu, Rachel Schwarz, Shai Meiri, P. Pafilis
We recently studied whether, on islands, predation or intraspecific aggression is the main driver of tail-loss, a common defense mechanism among lizards. We concluded the latter was the stronger driver (Itescu et al. 2017). Werner (2017) suggested that we failed to falsify an alternative hypothesis. He claims that on low-predation islands lizards live longer. Thus while tail loss is caused by predators, it accumulates over longer periods, resulting in overall higher tail-loss rates in populations experiencing weak predation. Here we test this hypothesis and three other arguments he presented, and fail to support them. We therefore adhere to our original conclusion that intraspecific aggression is the main driver of lizard tail loss on islands.
我们最近研究了在岛屿上，捕食或种内攻击是否是蜥蜴的一种常见防御机制——尾巴损失的主要驱动因素。我们得出结论，后者是更强的驱动因素(Itescu et al. 2017)。Werner(2017)认为我们未能证伪一个替代假设。他声称，在低捕食者的岛屿上，蜥蜴活得更长。因此，虽然尾巴的丧失是由捕食者引起的，但它会在更长的时间内积累，导致在遭遇弱捕食者的种群中，尾巴的总体损失率更高。在这里，我们测试了这个假设和他提出的其他三个论点，并未能支持它们。因此，我们坚持我们最初的结论，种内攻击是岛上蜥蜴尾巴消失的主要驱动因素。
{"title":"Lizard tail-loss rates on islands are not governed by longer life spans","authors":"Yuval Itescu, Rachel Schwarz, Shai Meiri, P. Pafilis","doi":"10.1163/22244662-06301011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-06301011","url":null,"abstract":"We recently studied whether, on islands, predation or intraspecific aggression is the main driver of tail-loss, a common defense mechanism among lizards. We concluded the latter was the stronger driver (Itescu et al. 2017). Werner (2017) suggested that we failed to falsify an alternative hypothesis. He claims that on low-predation islands lizards live longer. Thus while tail loss is caused by predators, it accumulates over longer periods, resulting in overall higher tail-loss rates in populations experiencing weak predation. Here we test this hypothesis and three other arguments he presented, and fail to support them. We therefore adhere to our original conclusion that intraspecific aggression is the main driver of lizard tail loss on islands.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-06301011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45371396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06301012
Y. Werner
Opinions differ whether tail loss in lizards is mainly caused by predators or by intra-specific fighting. Recently this dilemma was investigated through a comparison of lizard tail loss rates between mainland populations in Greece and those on nearby islands harboring fewer predators. The higher tail loss rate on the islands was interpreted as due to the predation-free denser lizard populations having more intra-specific fighting (Itescu et al. 2017, Journal of Animal Ecology 86: 66–74). However, that analysis failed to exclude an alternative hypothesis which I propose and support with well documented circumstantial evidence: The lizards analyzed were Hemidactylus turcicus and Mediodactylus kotschyi (Gekkonidae), both relatively long-lived. On the predator-poor islands they could live longer due to the few predators and thus accumulate the low rate of tail loss. Moreover, both on the mainland and on the islands the tail loss rates are higher in M. kotschyi than in H. turcicus , although life spans are of similar order of magnitude, possibly longer in H. turcicus . But the latter is active at night whereas M. kotschyi is active also in daytime, exposed to more predators during more time. Thus also this inter-specific difference accords with the alternative hypothesis. The two processes are not mutually exclusive and both should be taken into account as potentially responsible for the rate of tail loss in lizards.
{"title":"Commentary on the Factors Governing the Rate of Tail Loss in Island Lizards","authors":"Y. Werner","doi":"10.1163/22244662-06301012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-06301012","url":null,"abstract":"Opinions differ whether tail loss in lizards is mainly caused by predators or by intra-specific fighting. Recently this dilemma was investigated through a comparison of lizard tail loss rates between mainland populations in Greece and those on nearby islands harboring fewer predators. The higher tail loss rate on the islands was interpreted as due to the predation-free denser lizard populations having more intra-specific fighting (Itescu et al. 2017, Journal of Animal Ecology 86: 66–74). However, that analysis failed to exclude an alternative hypothesis which I propose and support with well documented circumstantial evidence: The lizards analyzed were Hemidactylus turcicus and Mediodactylus kotschyi (Gekkonidae), both relatively long-lived. On the predator-poor islands they could live longer due to the few predators and thus accumulate the low rate of tail loss. Moreover, both on the mainland and on the islands the tail loss rates are higher in M. kotschyi than in H. turcicus , although life spans are of similar order of magnitude, possibly longer in H. turcicus . But the latter is active at night whereas M. kotschyi is active also in daytime, exposed to more predators during more time. Thus also this inter-specific difference accords with the alternative hypothesis. The two processes are not mutually exclusive and both should be taken into account as potentially responsible for the rate of tail loss in lizards.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"50-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-06301012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44360575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06301006
Guy Sion
The present review is in part a complement to the prompt, knowledgeable and favorable review by Anderson (2016) that, however, failed to reflect certain unique aspects of the book.
{"title":"Reptile Life in the Land of Israel with Comments on Adjacent Regions: A Book Review","authors":"Guy Sion","doi":"10.1163/22244662-06301006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-06301006","url":null,"abstract":"The present review is in part a complement to the prompt, knowledgeable and favorable review by Anderson (2016) that, however, failed to reflect certain unique aspects of the book.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-06301006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45039324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06301004
I. Olejniczak, S. Lenart
In 2009 and 2010, we examined the effects of different tillage systems on springtail communities. The study was established on the experimental field, in which tillage and no-tillage cultivation had been conducted since 1975, of the Research Station of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences’ Department of Agronomy, located at Chylice, near Warsaw (52 0 05’N, 20 0 33’E).The treatments considered were conventional tillage with a mouldboard plough (CT) and no-tillage (NT), and each method was divided between with and without liming. In 2009, the fields were sown with winter wheat, and spring barley was planted the following year. During both growing seasons, collembolan densities were higher under NT than CT, but the reverse was true after harvest. However, the time of the season had a significant effect on collembolan densities not only over the whole study period but also in particular years. Additionally, in fields that were limed, collembolan densities varied, with no clear trend. The dominant collembolan species in the CT and NT fields was Isotoma viridis Bourlet, 1839, while Paristoma notabilis (Schaffer, 1896) was prevalent when liming was used. The relative proportion of each of the two species in springtail communities was at least 20 percent. The species diversity of collembolan communities was similar in both study years, and it was higher in CT than in NT fields.The study was financially supported as part of the MNiSW project No. N N305171136.
{"title":"A comparison of tillage, direct drilling and lime on springtail communities in a long-term field trial in poland","authors":"I. Olejniczak, S. Lenart","doi":"10.1163/22244662-06301004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-06301004","url":null,"abstract":"In 2009 and 2010, we examined the effects of different tillage systems on springtail communities. The study was established on the experimental field, in which tillage and no-tillage cultivation had been conducted since 1975, of the Research Station of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences’ Department of Agronomy, located at Chylice, near Warsaw (52 0 05’N, 20 0 33’E).The treatments considered were conventional tillage with a mouldboard plough (CT) and no-tillage (NT), and each method was divided between with and without liming. In 2009, the fields were sown with winter wheat, and spring barley was planted the following year. During both growing seasons, collembolan densities were higher under NT than CT, but the reverse was true after harvest. However, the time of the season had a significant effect on collembolan densities not only over the whole study period but also in particular years. Additionally, in fields that were limed, collembolan densities varied, with no clear trend. The dominant collembolan species in the CT and NT fields was Isotoma viridis Bourlet, 1839, while Paristoma notabilis (Schaffer, 1896) was prevalent when liming was used. The relative proportion of each of the two species in springtail communities was at least 20 percent. The species diversity of collembolan communities was similar in both study years, and it was higher in CT than in NT fields.The study was financially supported as part of the MNiSW project No. N N305171136.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-06301004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44047773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-12DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06301010
Arnon Lotem, Stephen I. Rothstein, Y. Yom-Tov
Last May (2017) Professor Amotz Zahavi passed away. He was known to many as a founder of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel and as a scientist who introduced to the world the Handicap Principle. Amotz had indeed a personality that is hard to sum up in words. He combined levels of determination, vision, leadership, outstanding originality, clarity of observation and intuition with which few are favoured. Within the scientific community outside of Israel, not many knew of his lifetime dedication to the conservation of nature; and few among the nature lovers in Israel were aware of the depth of his contributions to the world of science. Those who did know him personally knew that this combination constituted one more aspect that made Amotz such a unique and special individual.
{"title":"AMOTZ ZAHAVI 1928–2017","authors":"Arnon Lotem, Stephen I. Rothstein, Y. Yom-Tov","doi":"10.1163/22244662-06301010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-06301010","url":null,"abstract":"Last May (2017) Professor Amotz Zahavi passed away. He was known to many as a founder of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel and as a scientist who introduced to the world the Handicap Principle. Amotz had indeed a personality that is hard to sum up in words. He combined levels of determination, vision, leadership, outstanding originality, clarity of observation and intuition with which few are favoured. Within the scientific community outside of Israel, not many knew of his lifetime dedication to the conservation of nature; and few among the nature lovers in Israel were aware of the depth of his contributions to the world of science. Those who did know him personally knew that this combination constituted one more aspect that made Amotz such a unique and special individual.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-06301010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46842518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-09DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2016.1276426
A. Kaliszewicz, Olga Dobczyńska
Sessility or isolated habitat can significantly reduce the number of encounters with potential mating partners and thus favour evolution and maintenance of self-fertilisation. Mobility analysis of phylogenetically related species that differs in reproductive mode and self-fertilisation ability could support the widely accepted but not clearly validated theory of selfing being favoured by sessility. Here, we compare mobility in three species of Hydra (Cnidaria, Hydridae) that differ in reproductive strategy: a simultaneous hermaphrodite able to self-fertilise, a sequential hermaphrodite, and a gonochoric species. The results indicate that mobility expressed as distance traversed by individuals is significantly reduced in Hydra circumcincta, a species that is able to self-fertilise, compared to sequential hermaphroditic Hydra vulgaris and gonochoric Hydra oligactis. Differences in mobility were not correlated to individual body size. It is likely that habitat isolation and limited mobility is associated wit...
{"title":"A comparative study of mobility in three Hydra species with different reproductive strategies","authors":"A. Kaliszewicz, Olga Dobczyńska","doi":"10.1080/15659801.2016.1276426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2016.1276426","url":null,"abstract":"Sessility or isolated habitat can significantly reduce the number of encounters with potential mating partners and thus favour evolution and maintenance of self-fertilisation. Mobility analysis of phylogenetically related species that differs in reproductive mode and self-fertilisation ability could support the widely accepted but not clearly validated theory of selfing being favoured by sessility. Here, we compare mobility in three species of Hydra (Cnidaria, Hydridae) that differ in reproductive strategy: a simultaneous hermaphrodite able to self-fertilise, a sequential hermaphrodite, and a gonochoric species. The results indicate that mobility expressed as distance traversed by individuals is significantly reduced in Hydra circumcincta, a species that is able to self-fertilise, compared to sequential hermaphroditic Hydra vulgaris and gonochoric Hydra oligactis. Differences in mobility were not correlated to individual body size. It is likely that habitat isolation and limited mobility is associated wit...","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15659801.2016.1276426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44458476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-22DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2016.1233689
Burt P. Kotler
{"title":"Fun and Games: predator–prey foraging games and related interactions","authors":"Burt P. Kotler","doi":"10.1080/15659801.2016.1233689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2016.1233689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"62 1","pages":"118-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2016-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15659801.2016.1233689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59923500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-22DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2015.1091190
Christine Thuring, G. Grant
From its beginnings in Germany in the twentieth century, a thriving extensive green roof industry has become established in many countries in temperate climates. Based upon the success of the industry, and with an expectation that this technology will be adopted in other climates, this review of the ecological research of extensive green roofs aims to evaluate the application of this knowledge. The modern extensive green roof is the product of research in the 1970s by German green roof pioneers; the selection of suitable species from analogue habitats led to green roof vegetation dominated by drought tolerant taxa. The commercial success of extensive green roof systems can be attributed to engineering and horticultural research, to policy mechanisms in some places, and to a market that encourages innovation, and the origins in ecological design are now easily overlooked. Some of the work reviewed here, including the classification of spontaneous roof vegetation into plant communities, is not widely known ...
{"title":"The biodiversity of temperate extensive green roofs – a review of research and practice","authors":"Christine Thuring, G. Grant","doi":"10.1080/15659801.2015.1091190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2015.1091190","url":null,"abstract":"From its beginnings in Germany in the twentieth century, a thriving extensive green roof industry has become established in many countries in temperate climates. Based upon the success of the industry, and with an expectation that this technology will be adopted in other climates, this review of the ecological research of extensive green roofs aims to evaluate the application of this knowledge. The modern extensive green roof is the product of research in the 1970s by German green roof pioneers; the selection of suitable species from analogue habitats led to green roof vegetation dominated by drought tolerant taxa. The commercial success of extensive green roof systems can be attributed to engineering and horticultural research, to policy mechanisms in some places, and to a market that encourages innovation, and the origins in ecological design are now easily overlooked. Some of the work reviewed here, including the classification of spontaneous roof vegetation into plant communities, is not widely known ...","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"62 1","pages":"44-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2016-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15659801.2015.1091190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59921564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-16DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2016.1256259
N. Xu, Xiaohang Bai
Urban areas are characterized by diverse land-use patterns and are strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities. However, few studies have examined the effects of urbanization on concentrations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its various components or δ13C in urban soils. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial distribution of SOC fractions and δ13C signatures of urban soils in Shanghai, China. The results showed that SOC fractions and δ13C compositions differ over a range of spatial scales. The concentrations of SOC, readily oxidizable organic carbon (C), black carbon (BC) and δ13C in surface soils (0–20 cm) were 10.5, 3.5, 6.9 g kg−1 and −24.9‰, respectively, and the corresponding concentrations in deep soils (20–100 cm) were 8.4, 2.8, 6.0 g kg−1 and −23.9‰. In urban soils, BC accounted for a higher proportion of the SOC pools. Concentrations of SOC, readily oxidizable organic C and BC were higher, whereas the 13C ratio was much lower in the city centre. The effects of carbon isotope fractio...
城市地区的特点是土地利用模式多样，并受到人为活动的强烈影响。然而，城市化对城市土壤有机碳(SOC)及其各组分或δ13C浓度的影响研究较少。研究了上海城市土壤有机碳组分的空间分布特征和δ13C特征。结果表明，土壤有机碳组分和δ13C组成在不同的空间尺度上存在差异。表层土壤(0 ~ 20 cm)有机碳、易氧化有机碳(C)、黑碳(BC)和δ13C含量分别为10.5、3.5、6.9 g kg - 1和- 24.9‰，深层土壤(20 ~ 100 cm)有机碳含量分别为8.4、2.8、6.0 g kg - 1和- 23.9‰。在城市土壤中，BC在有机碳库中所占比例较高。城区土壤有机碳、易氧化有机碳和BC含量较高，13C含量较低。碳同位素分数的影响…
{"title":"Spatial distribution of organic carbon fractions and δ13C in urban soils, Shanghai, China","authors":"N. Xu, Xiaohang Bai","doi":"10.1080/15659801.2016.1256259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2016.1256259","url":null,"abstract":"Urban areas are characterized by diverse land-use patterns and are strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities. However, few studies have examined the effects of urbanization on concentrations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its various components or δ13C in urban soils. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial distribution of SOC fractions and δ13C signatures of urban soils in Shanghai, China. The results showed that SOC fractions and δ13C compositions differ over a range of spatial scales. The concentrations of SOC, readily oxidizable organic carbon (C), black carbon (BC) and δ13C in surface soils (0–20 cm) were 10.5, 3.5, 6.9 g kg−1 and −24.9‰, respectively, and the corresponding concentrations in deep soils (20–100 cm) were 8.4, 2.8, 6.0 g kg−1 and −23.9‰. In urban soils, BC accounted for a higher proportion of the SOC pools. Concentrations of SOC, readily oxidizable organic C and BC were higher, whereas the 13C ratio was much lower in the city centre. The effects of carbon isotope fractio...","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"63 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2016-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15659801.2016.1256259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59923697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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