International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献_第9页

Harmonisation of assessments of attention, social, emotional, and behaviour problems using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 使用儿童行为检查表和优势与困难问卷统一评估注意力、社交、情绪和行为问题

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2001

Nicole Baumann, Peter J. Anderson, Samantha Johnson, Neil Marlow, Dieter Wolke, Julia Jaekel

Objectives

Retrospective harmonisation of data obtained through different instruments creates measurement error, even if the underlying concepts are assumed the same. We tested a novel method for item-level data harmonisation of two widely used instruments that measure emotional and behavioural problems: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Methods

Item content of the CBCL and SDQ was mapped onto four dimensions: emotional problems, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems. A diverse test sample was drawn from four prospective longitudinal birth cohort studies in Australia and Europe who used one or both instruments. The pooled sample included 5188 data points assessing children and adolescents aged 6–13 years (N = 257–704 participants per cohort). Measurement invariance was assessed using latent variable multi-group confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

Fifteen items from the CBCL and SDQ were mapped onto four dimensions allowing for measurement invariance testing as part of a stepwise process. Partial strict invariance between CBCL and SDQ assessments was established for all four dimensions.

Conclusions

The harmonised dimensions of emotional, peer relationship, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems are invariant across the CBCL and SDQ suggesting that these dimensions can be reliably compared with limited measurement error.

目的对通过不同工具获得的数据进行回顾性协调，即使假设基本概念相同，也会产生测量误差。我们对两种广泛使用的测量情绪和行为问题的工具--儿童行为检查表（CBCL）和优势与困难问卷（SDQ）--进行了项目级数据协调的新方法测试。方法将 CBCL 和 SDQ 的项目内容映射到四个维度：情绪问题、同伴关系问题、多动/注意力不集中和行为问题。测试样本来自澳大利亚和欧洲的四项前瞻性纵向出生队列研究，这些研究使用了其中一种或两种工具。汇总样本包括 5188 个数据点，评估对象为 6-13 岁的儿童和青少年（每个队列的样本数=257-704 人）。采用潜变量多组确证因子分析对测量不变性进行了评估。结果 CBCL 和 SDQ 中的 15 个项目被映射到四个维度上，作为逐步过程的一部分进行测量不变量测试。在所有四个维度上，CBCL 和 SDQ 评估之间建立了部分严格不变量。结论经协调的情绪、同伴关系、多动/注意力和品行问题维度在 CBCL 和 SDQ 中是不变量，这表明这些维度可以在有限的测量误差下进行可靠的比较。

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引用次数: 0

Proof-of-concept of a data-driven approach to estimate the associations of comorbid mental and physical disorders with global health-related disability 用数据驱动方法估算精神和身体疾病并发症与全球健康相关残疾的关系的概念验证

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2003

Ymkje Anna de Vries, Jordi Alonso, Somnath Chatterji, Peter de Jonge, Joran Lokkerbol, John J. McGrath, Maria V. Petukhova, Nancy A. Sampson, Erik Sverdrup, Daniel V. Vigo, Stefan Wager, Ali Al-Hamzawi, Guilherme Borges, Ronny Bruffaerts, Brendan Bunting, Stephanie Chardoul, Elie G. Karam, Andrzej Kiejna, Viviane Kovess-Masfety, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Akin Ojagbemi, Marina Piazza, José Posada-Villa, Carmen Sasu, Kate M. Scott, Hisateru Tachimori, Margreet Ten Have, Yolanda Torres, Maria Carmen Viana, Manuel Zamparini, Zahari Zarkov, Ronald C. Kessler, World Mental Health Survey Collaborators

Objective

The standard method of generating disorder-specific disability scores has lay raters make rankings between pairs of disorders based on brief disorder vignettes. This method introduces bias due to differential rater knowledge of disorders and inability to disentangle the disability due to disorders from the disability due to comorbidities.

Methods

We propose an alternative, data-driven, method of generating disorder-specific disability scores that assesses disorders in a sample of individuals either from population medical registry data or population survey self-reports and uses Generalized Random Forests (GRF) to predict global (rather than disorder-specific) disability assessed by clinician ratings or by survey respondent self-reports. This method also provides a principled basis for studying patterns and predictors of heterogeneity in disorder-specific disability. We illustrate this method by analyzing data for 16 disorders assessed in the World Mental Health Surveys (n = 53,645).

Results

Adjustments for comorbidity decreased estimates of disorder-specific disability substantially. Estimates were generally somewhat higher with GRF than conventional multivariable regression models. Heterogeneity was nonsignificant.

Conclusions

The results show clearly that the proposed approach is practical, and that adjustment is needed for comorbidities to obtain accurate estimates of disorder-specific disability. Expansion to a wider range of disorders would likely find more evidence for heterogeneity.

生成失调症特定残疾评分的标准方法是由非专业评分者根据简短的失调症小故事在成对的失调症之间进行排序。由于评分者对障碍的了解程度不同，且无法将障碍导致的残疾与合并症导致的残疾区分开来，因此这种方法会产生偏差。

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引用次数: 0

The Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women for DSM-5 and ICD-11: Development and initial validation using a vignette-based approach 针对 DSM-5 和 ICD-11 的女性性功能障碍诊断访谈：使用基于小故事的方法进行开发和初步验证

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2004

Rebekka Schwesig, Julia Velten, Jürgen Hoyer

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women (DISEX-F), which covers diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 and ICD-11.

Methods

Thirty-two actresses portrayed 32 cases of female sexual dysfunctions (= standardized patients). To calculate inter-rater reliability, each standardized patient was interviewed independently by two trained diagnosticians using the DISEX-F. Interviews were videotaped, and each videotape was evaluated by two other independent diagnosticians. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the assigned diagnoses to the target diagnoses pre-determined in the case vignettes. As a side criterion, the acceptance of the DISEX-F among diagnosticians was assessed.

Results

Specificity was found to be generally clinically satisfying (DSM-5: 0.90–0.99; ICD-11: 0.95–0.99), while sensitivity (DSM-5: 0.40–0.92; ICD-11: 0.71–0.96) and inter-rater reliability (DSM-5: Cohen's kappa = 0.44–1; ICD-11: Cohen's kappa = 0.75–0.94) greatly varied between classification systems and disorders. Imprecise acting and false differential diagnostic decisions were identified as major sources of mismatch. The acceptance of the DISEX-F was high.

Conclusion

Results encourage usage of the DISEX-F for ICD-11 diagnoses. Mixed results were found for DSM-5 diagnoses, which can partly be explained by shortcomings in DSM-5 criteria.

本研究旨在评估新开发的女性性功能障碍诊断访谈（DISEX-F）的心理测量特性，该访谈涵盖了 DSM-5 和 ICD-11 的诊断标准。

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引用次数: 0

Development, psychometric evaluation, and factor analysis of an instrument measuring quality of life in autistic preschoolers 自闭症学龄前儿童生活质量测量工具的开发、心理测评和因素分析。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2002

Jérôme Lichtlé, Emmanuel Devouche, Isaora Zefania Dialahy, Aude de Gaulmyn, Anouck Amestoy, Romain Coutelle, Pascale Isnard, Jean-Louis Monestès, Laurent Mottron, Emilie Cappe

Introduction

Early interventions for autistic children should target their quality of life (QoL) but require adapted measures. The association of a child's temperament and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children remains unknown.

Methods

We constructed an autism module based on a thematic analysis, a Delphi survey with experts, and a pre-test with parents to be completed alongside the proxy version of the PedsQL 4.0. We explored compliance, responsiveness, internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure with 157 parents of autistic preschool children. We examined the association between child and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical ascending classification, and linear regression. Sociodemographic information was collected via multiple choice questions, autism severity via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores, and parental acceptance and child's temperament via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability.

Results

An autism module comprised of 27 items emerged. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a 24-item autism module with good internal consistency and significant convergent validity. ADOS total score was not significantly related to QoL, contrary to children's sleep issues, children's emotionality, and parental acceptance.

Conclusions

The autism module is a reliable QoL proxy measure for autistic preschool children. Results suggest parental interventions targeting children's QoL.

简介对自闭症儿童的早期干预应以他们的生活质量（QoL）为目标，但需要采取相应的措施。儿童的性情和父母的特征与自闭症儿童生活质量的关系尚不清楚：我们在主题分析、德尔菲专家调查和家长预测试的基础上构建了一个自闭症模块，该模块将与代理版 PedsQL 4.0 一起完成。我们对 157 名自闭症学龄前儿童的家长进行了问卷调查，探讨了问卷的符合性、响应性、内部一致性、收敛有效性和因子结构。我们采用相关分析、主成分分析、分层递增分类和线性回归等方法研究了儿童和家长特征与自闭症儿童 QoL 之间的关联。社会人口学信息通过多项选择题收集，自闭症严重程度通过自闭症诊断观察表（ADOS）得分收集，父母接受度和儿童气质通过接受度和行动问卷以及情感、活动和社交能力问卷收集：结果：自闭症模块由 27 个项目组成。心理测量学评估结果显示，自闭症模块由 24 个项目组成，具有良好的内部一致性和显著的收敛效度。ADOS 总分与 QoL 的关系不大，与儿童的睡眠问题、儿童的情绪性和父母的接受度相反：自闭症模块是自闭症学龄前儿童QoL的可靠替代测量指标。结论：自闭症模块是一种可靠的学龄前自闭症儿童 QoL 替代测量方法，其结果表明父母应针对儿童的 QoL 采取干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

The three-dimensional community structure of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits captured by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale: An exploratory graph analysis 成人注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)自我报告量表捕获的ADHD特征的三维群体结构:探索性图分析。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1997

Maria Panagiotidi, Orestis Zavlis, Myles Jones, Tom Stafford

Objective

To employ a novel analytic method—namely, exploratory graph analysis (EGA)—to subclinical attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) trait scores in order to reveal their dimensional structure, as well as compare EGA's performance with traditional factor-analytic techniques in doing so.

Method

1149 respondents from a survey panel completed the ASRS, a common ADHD scale made up of 18 distinct trait measures. EGA and factor analysis were applied to identify traits which associate with each other.

Results

EGA revealed 3 distinct communities, and ruled out a 2-community structure. This was in contrast to the 2-factor structure suggested by the factor analysis, and the conventional division of ADHD into two subdimensions (hyperactivity and inattention).

Conclusion

A dimensional structure of three clusters (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention) may better reflect the traits underlying ADHD. EGA has benefits in terms of both analytic approach and interpretability of findings.

目的:采用探索性图分析法(EGA)分析亚临床注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)特征得分，揭示其维度结构，并与传统的因子分析方法进行比较。方法:来自调查小组的1149名受访者完成了ASRS，这是一种常见的ADHD量表，由18个不同的特征测量组成。利用EGA和因子分析方法鉴定性状间的相关性。结果:EGA显示3个不同的群落，排除了2个群落结构。这与因子分析提出的双因素结构，以及将ADHD分为两个子维度(多动和注意力不集中)的传统划分形成对比。结论:多动、冲动和注意力不集中这三种类型的维度结构可以更好地反映ADHD的潜在特征。EGA在分析方法和结果的可解释性方面都有好处。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics and prediction of risky gambling behaviour study: A study protocol 风险赌博行为研究的特点和预测：一项研究方案。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1995

Robert Czernecka, Theresa Wirkus, Gerhard Bühringer, Anja Kräplin

Objective

This study protocol describes the RIGAB study, a prospective case-control-study assessing online sports betting behaviour and underlying risk factors for the development of gambling disorder (GD). It has two aims: (1) to characterise sports bettors concerning putative risk factors and their gambling behaviour, and (2) to predict the development of GD from these factors.

Methods

At baseline, online sports bettors took part in an online survey comprising a GD screening (DSM-5), questions on gambling behaviour and on the putative risk factors emotion regulation, impulsivity, comorbidities, stress, and substance use. Participants were reinvited for a 1-year follow-up online survey. In a nested design, a subsample was invited in-person to take part in a cognitive-behavioural task battery and a clinical interview.

Results

Of the initial 6568 online sports bettors invited, 607 participated at baseline (rate: 9.2%), 325 took part in the 1-year follow-up and 54 participated in the nested in-person assessment.

Conclusion

The RIGAB study combines different fields of GD studies: player tracking data and putative risk factors from self-report and behavioural tasks. The results of this study will support the development of preventive measures for participants of online gambling based on the combined findings from previously rather distinct research fields.

目的：本研究方案描述了RIGAB研究，这是一项前瞻性病例对照研究，评估在线体育博彩行为和赌博障碍（GD）发展的潜在风险因素。它有两个目的：（1）根据假定的风险因素和他们的赌博行为来描述体育博彩者的特征，以及（2）从这些因素预测GD的发展。方法：在基线时，在线体育博彩者参加了一项在线调查，包括GD筛查（DSM-5）、关于赌博行为和假定风险因素的问题——情绪调节、冲动、合并症、压力和药物使用。参与者被重新邀请进行为期一年的在线跟踪调查。在嵌套设计中，一个子样本被邀请亲自参加认知行为任务组和临床访谈。结果：在最初邀请的6568名在线体育投注者中，607人在基线时参与（比率：9.2%），325人参加了一年的随访，54人参加了嵌套的面对面评估。结论：RIGAB研究结合了GD研究的不同领域：球员跟踪数据和来自自我报告和行为任务的假定风险因素。这项研究的结果将支持根据以前相当不同的研究领域的综合发现，为网络赌博参与者制定预防措施。

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引用次数: 0

Commentary on the special issue: Leveraging measurement to refine developmental perspectives on psychopathology 特刊评论：利用测量完善精神病理学的发展视角。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1996

Daniel S. Pine

This Special Issue of International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research highlights developmental perspectives on irritability and related dimensions of psychopathology. The issue's papers (Alam et al., 2023; Hirsch et al., 2023; Kirk et al., 2023; Wakschlag et al., 2023; Wigg et al., 2023; Wiggins et al., 2023a, 2023b) extend a solid foundation of research to target questions on pediatric emotional problems and applications of dimensional methods. As such, the papers are fresh and novel while steeped in an important prior history. Papers demonstrate improvements in measurement during the first 5 years of life (Hirsch et al., 2023; Wakschlag et al., 2023; Wiggins et al., 2023a, 2023b) through adolescence (Alam et al., 2023; Kirk et al., 2023; Wakschlag et al., 2023), important areas in need of advancement.

Infancy and preschool are particularly important years in the life of a child. This reflects, at least partly, research findings suggesting that the seeds of later psychopathology germinate during this developmental period. The Special Issue highlights how some forms of psychopathology first manifest with symptoms of irritability, representing expressions of excessive anger and frustration during blocked goal attainment (Alam et al., 2023; Hirsch et al., 2023; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang, et al., 2023). However, irritability can represent normative expressions of emotions. Given the breadth of normative behavior that rapidly changes in the first 5 years, clinicians face difficulty in young children separating extreme but normal variation in irritability from clinically significant symptoms in this domain. The first Special Issue paper (Wigg et al., 2023) reviews themes targeted in the other papers, and this Commentary broadly highlights three related major issues: (i) the nature of developmental risk; (ii) measurement challenges in young children, and (iii) relations between early irritability and later psychopathology.

Special Issue papers focus heavily on the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales, Temper Loss scale (MAPS-Temper Loss) (Kirk et al., 2023; Wakschlag et al., 2023; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al., 2023). This measure quantifies levels of irritability expressed by children, now extended from age 1 year through adolescence. However, the MAPS-Temper Loss measure arises from a broader series of assessment tools that quantify other aspects of early life psychopathology. This includes low concern for others and aggression. Moreover, other measures in young children quantify aspects of neurodevelopment and learning, based on children's performance on standardized tests. Thus, multiple domains of psychopathology can be quantified in y

本期《国际精神病学研究方法杂志》特刊强调了易怒和精神病理学相关维度的发展观点。本期论文(Alam et al.， 2023;Hirsch et al.， 2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023;Wigg et al.， 2023;Wiggins et al.， 2023a, 2023b)为针对儿童情绪问题和维度方法的应用扩展了坚实的研究基础。因此，这些论文既新鲜又新颖，同时又沉浸在一段重要的历史中。论文展示了在生命的前5年测量方面的改进(Hirsch等人，2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023;Wiggins et al.， 2023a, 2023b)到青春期(Alam et al.， 2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag等人，2023)，需要推进的重要领域。婴儿期和学龄前是孩子一生中特别重要的时期。这至少在一定程度上反映了研究结果，表明后来的精神病理学的种子在这一发育时期发芽。特刊强调了某些形式的精神病理学首先表现为易怒的症状，代表了在实现目标受阻时过度愤怒和沮丧的表达(Alam等人，2023;Hirsch et al.， 2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang等，2023)。然而，易怒可以代表情绪的规范表达。考虑到规范行为在前5年迅速变化的广度，临床医生在区分幼儿在这一领域的极端但正常的易怒变化和临床显著症状方面面临困难。第一篇特刊论文(Wigg et al.， 2023)回顾了其他论文的主题，这篇评论广泛地强调了三个相关的主要问题:(i)发育风险的性质;(ii)幼儿的测量挑战，以及(iii)早期易怒与后期精神病理之间的关系。特刊论文重点关注多维评估概况量表，脾气损失量表(maps -脾气损失)(Kirk等人，2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill等人，2023)。这个指标量化了儿童的易怒程度，现在从1岁延伸到青春期。然而，MAPS-Temper Loss测量源自一系列更广泛的评估工具，这些工具量化了早期生活精神病理学的其他方面。这包括不关心他人和好斗。此外，还有一些针对幼儿的测量方法，是根据儿童在标准化测试中的表现，对神经发育和学习的各个方面进行量化的。因此，幼儿的精神病理的多个领域可以量化，通常使用独特的测量方法为每个领域。通过认识到与早期精神病理学特定领域相关的风险的独特性质，可以更充分地理解特刊上论文的贡献。特刊关注易怒(Alam等人，2023;Hirsch et al.， 2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al.， 2023);在这个症状领域，病理学代表了许多儿童表现出的极端行为表达。因此，大多数幼儿在他们一生中的不同时期表现出易怒;这个年龄段的易怒只有在超过这些标准表达时才是病态的。焦虑也表现出类似的模式，这在幼儿中也很常见。病理性焦虑涉及一种行为的过度水平，这种行为在许多情况下被认为是规范的。特刊报道了过去方法的扩展，以表征幼儿发展背景下焦虑和抑郁行为的维度谱(Alam等人，2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023)。正如特刊论文的作者在其他研究中指出的那样，这种易怒和焦虑的模式与其他领域的模式不同。例如，虽然易怒和焦虑的表现经常发生在健康的幼儿身上，但表现出对他人的关注程度较低，这是MAPS量表的另一个方面，在这一年龄组中要少得多。几乎没有孩子表现出低关怀的行为，然而许多孩子表现出易怒。因此，任何水平的低关注行为的存在都可以表明精神病理，而不像易怒，只有在发展意想不到的情况下，高水平的行为才是病理的。例如，虽然大多数幼儿都有发脾气的经历，但据报道，每天有这种经历的不到10% (Hirsch等人，2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill等人，2023)。最后，与易怒或低关注不同，还有其他形式的病理表现为未能表现出在特定发育阶段通常出现的行为。例如，儿童通常在相对精确的时间窗口内表达语言、运动控制和学习能力的特征。当这些特征在典型的时间窗之外出现时，临床医生认为存在神经发育障碍。不同领域的对比结果说明了幼儿精神病理学涉及的不同表达。在某些领域，如易怒以及许多焦虑和抑郁行为，问题表现为极端水平的行为，这些行为在年轻时可能被认为是正常的。在这方面，一篇特刊论文展示了针对不同年龄的儿童(从幼儿期到青春期)的特定年龄措施的附加价值;这些好处通常是理论化的，但很少有经验证明。在其他领域，某些行为的存在，即使是低水平的，也可以定义为病理，而其他行为的缺失可以支持同样的结论。每篇特刊论文都强调了研究早期生活精神病理学的科学家所面临的测量挑战。这些挑战来自许多因素。这包括需要利用多信息提供者评估，幼儿描述心理状态的能力有限，以及这一年龄组的快速发展。特刊论文为试图解决许多领域的测量挑战的科学家提供了一个路线图。因此，论文描述了项目反应理论(IRT)的方法，帮助科学家应对这些挑战(Alam等人，2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023)。通过对潜在特质的表达进行维度建模，IRT提高了问卷的效率，减轻了患者的整体负担。此外，在其他工作中，为特刊提供论文的团队将从IRT到儿童行为观察的措施联系起来，这些措施暴露于引起精神病理学表达的诊所情境中。这将对问卷的答复与卫生保健专业人员的评分联系起来。最后，特刊上的论文依赖于在发育的多个阶段对儿童行为的密集抽样。这提供了特定年龄的规范，赋予精神病理学的动态视角。通过如此密集的抽样，相对于特定年龄的标准，易怒水平被视为病态。这个领域很大程度上要归功于特刊论文的贡献。很少有研究领域提供了比测量特性研究更重要的工具。此外，特别重要的工具产生于将复杂性和严谨性与创造性结合起来产生新工具的测量方法。特刊论文提供了关于有效地将测量扩展到幼儿期的方法类型的力作，这些论文通过展示测量的潜在效用来展示这些劳动的成果。虽然新特刊的许多方面可以满足好奇的读者，但Wiggins及其同事(Wiggins et al.， 2023a, 2023b)以及Hirsch及其同事(Hirsch et al.， 2023)的论文提供了特别有趣的数据。这些论文的重要性源于他们的前瞻性，纵向方法的使用。从20世纪到21世纪的研究都强调了精神病理学发展视角的重要性。这一时期的研究跟踪了许多儿童的青春期，同时提供了一系列的精神病理学评估。这项工作建立了在儿童、青少年和成年期间表达的精神病理之间存在很强的关系。这项工作倾向于强调精神病理学的表达，首先表现在学龄期。这通常反映了该年龄组可接受的心理测量方法的可用性，而这些方法在较早的年龄通常是不可用的。随着特刊的出版，更多的证据被添加到积累的一系列发现中，这些发现将先前的工作扩展到更早(到1岁)和更晚(到17岁)。就像早期对老年青年的研究一样，特刊论文在这些发育时期展示了可接受的心理测量学(Kirk et al.， 2023)。特

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引用次数: 0

Parent-child agreement on children's psychopathology and the impact of parental depression 亲子协议对儿童精神病理学和父母抑郁的影响。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1993

Johanna Löchner, Stephanie Hämmerle, Sarah Ghezih, Kornelija Starman-Wöhrle, Gerd Schulte-Körne, Belinda Platt

Background

Parental depression increases children's risk of mental illness and may simultaneously impair the detection of children's symptoms. Here we investigate the nature of parent-child agreement of children's psychopathology in children of parents with current (cMD) versus remitted (rMD) major depression.

Methods

Baseline data from 100 parent-child dyads including healthy children aged 8–17 (M = 11.89, SD = 2.83) and their parents with a history of depression were analysed. The presence of sub-clinical psychopathology (yes/no) in children was assessed using semi-structured diagnostic interviews with child and parent (K-DIPS). Self- (YSR) and parent-report (CBCL) questionnaires were used to measure the severity of symptoms. Parent-child agreement was calculated using Chi-square tests and Cohen's kappa respectively. We compared whether agreement differed between children of parents with cMD (n = 52) versus rMD (n = 48).

Results

In the interviews parents more frequently reported sub-clinical child psychopathology than the children themselves (χ² _1,100 = 4.63, p < 0.001, d = 0.59). This pattern characterised parents with cMD (χ² _1,52 = 7.99, p = 0.005; κ = 0.582) but not rMD (χ² _1,48 = 000, p = 0.686; κ = −0.010), a difference which was statistically significant (z = 3.14, p < 0.001, d = 0.66).

Conclusion

Since agreement between parents and children about the severity of children's symptoms was particularly poor in families where parents were currently depressed, parental mental illness should be taken into account when assessing youth psychopathology.

背景：父母的抑郁会增加儿童患精神疾病的风险，同时也可能影响对儿童症状的检测。在这里，我们调查了父母患有当前（cMD）和缓解（rMD）严重抑郁症的儿童的儿童精神病理学的亲子一致性的性质。方法：分析100名8-17岁健康儿童（M=11.89，SD=2.83）及其有抑郁症病史的父母的基线数据。儿童亚临床精神病理学的存在（是/否）通过对儿童和父母的半结构化诊断访谈（K-DIPS）进行评估。使用自我（YSR）和父母报告（CBCL）问卷来测量症状的严重程度。亲子一致性分别采用卡方检验和Cohen’s kappa进行计算。我们比较了父母患有cMD（n=52）和rMD（n=48）的孩子之间的一致性是否不同。结果：在访谈中，父母报告亚临床儿童精神病理学的频率高于儿童本身（χ2 1100=4.63，p 2 1，52=7.99，p=0.005；κ=0.582），但不报告rMD（χ2 1，48=000，p=0.686；κ=-0.010），差异具有统计学意义（z=3.14，p结论：由于父母和孩子之间对儿童症状严重程度的一致性在父母目前情绪低落的家庭中尤其差，因此在评估青少年精神病理学时应考虑父母的精神疾病。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling the normal:abnormal spectrum of early childhood internalizing behaviors: A clinical-developmental approach for the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Internalizing Dimensions 儿童早期内化行为的正常：异常谱建模：多维评估概况内化维度的临床发展方法。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1987

Lauren S. Wakschlag, Phillip Sherlock, Courtney K. Blackwell, James L. Burns, Sheila Krogh-Jespersen, Richard C. Gershon, David Cella, Kristin A. Buss, Joan L. Luby

Background

We expanded the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles (MAPS) Scales developmental specification model to characterize the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing (anxious and depressive) behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-Internalizing (MAPS-INT) scale.

Methods

The MAPS-INT item pool was generated based on clinical expertise and prior research. Analyses were conducted on a sub-sample of families (n = 183) from the diverse When to Worry early childhood sample.

Results

Normal:abnormal descriptive patterns for both anxious and depressive behaviors were consistent with prior work: (1) extremes of normative variation are abnormal when very frequent; and (2) pathognomonic indicators that most children do not engage in and are abnormal, even if infrequent. Factor analysis revealed a two-factor MAPS-INT Anxious Behaviors structure (Fearful-Worried and Separation Distress) and a unidimensional MAPS-INT Depressive Behaviors factor with good fit and good-to-excellent test-retest reliability and validity.

Conclusions

We characterized the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-INT. Future research in larger representative samples can replicate and extend findings, including clinical thresholds and predictive utility. The MAPS-INT helps lay the groundwork for dimensional characterization of the internalizing spectrum to advance neurodevelopmental approaches to emergent psychopathology and its earlier identification.

背景：我们扩展了多维评估档案（MAPS）量表发展规范模型，通过MAPS内化（MAPS-INT）量表来表征儿童早期内化（焦虑和抑郁）行为的正常：异常谱。方法：基于临床专业知识和先前的研究生成MAPS-INT项目库。对来自不同“何时担心”幼儿样本的家庭（n=183）的子样本进行了分析。结果：正常：焦虑和抑郁行为的异常描述模式与先前的工作一致：（1）规范性变异的极端在非常频繁的时候是异常的；和（2）大多数儿童不参与的病理指标，即使不常见，也是异常的。因子分析揭示了一个双因素的MAPS-INT焦虑行为结构（恐惧-担忧和分离-苦恼）和一个一维的MAPS-INT抑郁行为因子，具有良好的拟合性和良好的重测信度和有效性。结论：我们通过MAPS-INT对儿童早期内化行为的正常和异常谱进行了表征。未来对更大代表性样本的研究可以复制和扩展研究结果，包括临床阈值和预测效用。MAPS-INT有助于为内化谱的维度表征奠定基础，以推进神经发育方法对新兴精神病理学及其早期识别。

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引用次数: 2

Characterizing the spectrum of irritability in preadolescence: Dimensional and pragmatic applications 青春期前易怒谱系的表征：维度和语用应用。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1988

Tasmia Alam, Nathan Kirk, Emily Hirsch, Margaret Briggs-Gowan, Lauren S. Wakschlag, Amy Krain Roy, Jillian Lee Wiggins

Objectives

Characterize the dimensional spectrum of preadolescent (PA) irritability, a robust transdiagnostic vulnerability marker, using the youth version of the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Temper Loss (MAPS-TL-Youth) scale including common and with developmentally specific items. Based on this, derive and validate a clinically optimized irritability screener to flag psychopathology risk in preadolescents.

Methods

The normal:abnormal irritability spectrum was modeled using MAPS-TL-Youth data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (MAPS) Study PA wave (n = 340) via item response theory. Both cross-cutting core items from the MAPS scales and developmentally specific items were used to generate this dimension. Stepwise logistic regression was then used to optimize MAPS-TL-Youth irritability items in relation to Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia impairment to generate a clinically optimized irritability screener. Receiver operator characteristic analysis identified the irritability threshold for the screener. For the first time, youth self-report of their own irritability on the MAPS-TL was also modeled via the MAPS-TL-Youth-Self-Report (MAPS-TL-Youth-SR).

Results

Irritability was unidimensional and ranged from mild and common to severe and rare behaviors. Developmentally specific items allowed detection of more severe irritability. Items for the screener were identified in relation to concurrent impairment. These included low frustration tolerance and pathognomonic severe behaviors. The clinically optimized screener demonstrated very good sensitively (87%) and specificity (81%) in regard to concurrent irritability-related DSM disorders. Modeling of the MAPS-TL-Youth-SR yielded similar results.

Conclusion

Characterizing the normal: abnormal spectrum of irritability in preadolescence advances application of Research Domain Criteria methods to this developmental period. This foundational work yielded two developmentally specified tools for irritability characterization in preadolescence: a nuanced dimensional scale to precisely characterize the full normal-abnormal irritability spectrum, and a pragmatic, clinically optimized screener suitable for real world use. Future application in mechanistic and clinical studies will be important for establishing validity and incremental utility.

目的：使用青少年版的多维评估概况-脾气损失量表（MAPS-TL youth），包括常见项目和发育特异性项目，表征青春期前（PA）易怒的维度谱，这是一种强有力的跨诊断脆弱性标记。在此基础上，推导并验证了一种临床优化的易怒筛查器，以标记青春期前的精神病理学风险。方法：通过项目反应理论，使用来自学龄前儿童多维评估研究（MAPS）研究PA波（n=340）的MAPS TL青年数据，对正常：异常易怒谱进行建模。MAPS量表中的交叉核心项目和发展特定项目都用于生成该维度。然后使用逐步逻辑回归来优化与儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症障碍时间表相关的MAPS-TL青少年易怒项目，以生成临床优化的易怒筛查器。受试者-操作员特征分析确定了筛分机的易激惹阈值。首次通过MAPS-TL青少年自我报告（MAPS-TL youth SR）对青少年在MAPS-TL上的易怒自我报告进行建模。结果：易怒是一维的，从轻微和常见到严重和罕见的行为都有。发育特异性项目可以检测到更严重的易怒。筛选人员的项目已确定与同时发生的损害有关。其中包括低挫折容忍度和病态的严重行为。临床优化的筛查器对并发的易怒相关DSM障碍表现出非常好的敏感性（87%）和特异性（81%）。MAPS TL Youth SR的建模产生了类似的结果。结论：表征青春期前的正常：异常易怒谱，促进了研究领域标准方法在该发育时期的应用。这项基础性工作产生了两种专门用于青春期前易怒表征的开发工具：一种是精细的维度尺度，用于精确表征完全正常的异常易怒谱，另一种是适用于现实世界的实用、临床优化的筛查器。未来在机制和临床研究中的应用对于建立有效性和增量效用将非常重要。

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引用次数: 7