Mid-air touch interaction has become increasingly important in augmented reality (AR), enabling users to interact with virtual menus naturally and without physical contact. However, studies examining how menu depth, interaction methods, and task difficulty influence user performance in augmented reality remain limited, particularly within peripersonal space. This study compared the interaction performance of mid-air touch in AR. The experiment was conducted using two depth levels (46 cm and 42 cm), two interaction methods (without and with a cursor), and three levels of task difficulty (easy, medium, and hard). Task difficulty was defined by varying the button diameter and the button spacing. The results revealed that movement time across all depth levels was not significantly different for simple tasks. However, as task difficulty increased, both movement time and error rates rose substantially at a depth of 42 cm, particularly without a cursor. Under these conditions, the presence of the cursor significantly improved accuracy, as participants' focus shifted from their hand to the virtual cursor and menu, thereby reducing visual ambiguity. These findings suggest that a depth of 46 cm supports reliable mid-air interaction, while the integration of visual guidance, such as a cursor, is crucial for maintaining accuracy when menus are positioned closer to the user. This insight is important for AR developers, highlighting the need for optimized spatial configurations and visual cues to enhance interaction performance.
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