Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13320-5
Le Shi, Jun Luo
In the digital measuring environment, to solve the problem of sampling point planning on the aero-engine blade profile, two requirements should be satisfied: adapting geometry features and keeping the sampling point spacing. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive sampling method, which can flexibly increase or decrease the sampling points according to the curvature. Firstly, according to the geometric characteristics of blade profile, an adaptive sampling method based on the equal moment theory is established. Secondly, a parameterized model based on non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) is used to represent the geometry of the blade profile, and the Hausdorff distance is used to evaluate the error of the fitting curve. Finally, two cases verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. In the simulation, the relationship between the adaptability and the error of the proposed method is analyzed by taking the Sine function as an example. It is obtained by numerical calculations that the error reached the minimum when the adaptive degree r is 0.75. In the actual blade measurement experiment, compared with other methods, the deviation between the reconstructed blade cross-section curve by the proposed method and the theoretical curve is minimum.
在数字化测量环境下,要解决航空发动机叶片轮廓上的采样点规划问题,需要满足两个要求:适应几何特征和保持采样点间距。因此,本文提出了一种自适应采样方法,可根据曲率灵活增减采样点。首先,根据叶片轮廓的几何特征,建立了基于等矩理论的自适应采样方法。其次,使用基于非均匀有理 B 样条(NURBS)的参数化模型来表示叶片轮廓的几何形状,并使用 Hausdorff 距离来评估拟合曲线的误差。最后,两个案例验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。在仿真中,以正弦函数为例分析了所提方法的适应性与误差之间的关系。通过数值计算得出,当自适应度 r 为 0.75 时,误差达到最小。在实际叶片测量实验中,与其他方法相比,建议方法重建的叶片横截面曲线与理论曲线的偏差最小。
{"title":"Sampling point planning method for aero-engine blade profile based on CMM trigger probe","authors":"Le Shi, Jun Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13320-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13320-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the digital measuring environment, to solve the problem of sampling point planning on the aero-engine blade profile, two requirements should be satisfied: adapting geometry features and keeping the sampling point spacing. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive sampling method, which can flexibly increase or decrease the sampling points according to the curvature. Firstly, according to the geometric characteristics of blade profile, an adaptive sampling method based on the equal moment theory is established. Secondly, a parameterized model based on non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) is used to represent the geometry of the blade profile, and the Hausdorff distance is used to evaluate the error of the fitting curve. Finally, two cases verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. In the simulation, the relationship between the adaptability and the error of the proposed method is analyzed by taking the Sine function as an example. It is obtained by numerical calculations that the error reached the minimum when the adaptive degree <i>r</i> is 0.75. In the actual blade measurement experiment, compared with other methods, the deviation between the reconstructed blade cross-section curve by the proposed method and the theoretical curve is minimum.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13331-2
Siyuan Wang, Qiuyun Mo, Le Li, Yanping Wang, Bin Huang, Kunming Liu
In the grinding process of crankshafts, the grinding parameters were improperly selected, which easily caused the high temperature in the grinding zone and led to burns on the crankshaft journal surface. To address this issue, referencing previous studies, the suitability of the Gaussian heat source model was verified by comparing it with three different heat source models. The Gaussian heat source model was applied to predict the temperature on the surface of the crankshaft connecting rod journal. Transient thermal analysis and investigation of material phase transformation were employed to explore the mechanism of grinding burns. The interaction effects among grinding parameters were analyzed using the Box-Behnken design, and a multiple linear regression equation was established for response surface optimization. The results demonstrated that applying the Gaussian heat source model and response surface optimization yielded the optimal solution, with a maximum deviation of 1.37% between the simulation and optimization results. By selecting a grinding depth (ap) of 0.40 mm, wheel speed (vs) of 40.00 m/s, and feed rate (vx) of 0.036 mm/s as the processing parameters, the temperature in the grinding zone was reduced to 659.37 °C, effectively mitigating grinding burns.
{"title":"Research and process optimization of crankshaft grinding parameters based on Gaussian heat source model","authors":"Siyuan Wang, Qiuyun Mo, Le Li, Yanping Wang, Bin Huang, Kunming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13331-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13331-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the grinding process of crankshafts, the grinding parameters were improperly selected, which easily caused the high temperature in the grinding zone and led to burns on the crankshaft journal surface. To address this issue, referencing previous studies, the suitability of the Gaussian heat source model was verified by comparing it with three different heat source models. The Gaussian heat source model was applied to predict the temperature on the surface of the crankshaft connecting rod journal. Transient thermal analysis and investigation of material phase transformation were employed to explore the mechanism of grinding burns. The interaction effects among grinding parameters were analyzed using the Box-Behnken design, and a multiple linear regression equation was established for response surface optimization. The results demonstrated that applying the Gaussian heat source model and response surface optimization yielded the optimal solution, with a maximum deviation of 1.37% between the simulation and optimization results. By selecting a grinding depth (<i>a</i><sub><i>p</i></sub>) of 0.40 mm, wheel speed (<i>v</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>) of 40.00 m/s, and feed rate (<i>v</i><sub><i>x</i></sub>) of 0.036 mm/s as the processing parameters, the temperature in the grinding zone was reduced to 659.37 °C, effectively mitigating grinding burns.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140126859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A metallic foam specimen was plastically joined with a resin (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) sheet by applying friction stir incremental forming (FSIF) process. In FSIF process, a rotating flat-ended (no probe) rod tool was pushed vertically and fed horizontally against the resin sheet which was placed on the foam. The tool operation heated frictionally the resin and deformed incrementally to the resin, while the tool operation did not deform plastically to the cellular matrix of the foam. Due to the plastic flow of the heated resin, the bottom of the resin was interlocked mechanically to the pores near the top surface of the foam. In this study, the relationship between the pore morphology (form and size) and the joining characteristics (joinability, flow thickness of the resin, and joining strength) was investigated using commercial open-cell nickel and closed-cell aluminum foams. According to the experimental investigations, the foam with small size and low depression angle of the surface pore showed better results in relation with the joining strength and the (flow thickness of the resin)/(depth of the surface pore).
{"title":"Pore form and size dependence on plastic joining characteristics of resin/metallic foam by friction stir incremental forming","authors":"Ryo Matsumoto, Shusuke Kunisawa, Hiroshi Utsunomiya","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13405-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13405-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A metallic foam specimen was plastically joined with a resin (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) sheet by applying friction stir incremental forming (FSIF) process. In FSIF process, a rotating flat-ended (no probe) rod tool was pushed vertically and fed horizontally against the resin sheet which was placed on the foam. The tool operation heated frictionally the resin and deformed incrementally to the resin, while the tool operation did not deform plastically to the cellular matrix of the foam. Due to the plastic flow of the heated resin, the bottom of the resin was interlocked mechanically to the pores near the top surface of the foam. In this study, the relationship between the pore morphology (form and size) and the joining characteristics (joinability, flow thickness of the resin, and joining strength) was investigated using commercial open-cell nickel and closed-cell aluminum foams. According to the experimental investigations, the foam with small size and low depression angle of the surface pore showed better results in relation with the joining strength and the (flow thickness of the resin)/(depth of the surface pore).</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13391-4
Abstract
The laser separation distance (distance between the two lasers in welding direction) in double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding is difficult to precisely control. To evaluate the effect of laser separation distance on the mechanical properties of T joints, 2219 aluminum alloy double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding experiments with different laser separation distances were conducted in this work. With laser separation, the symmetry of fusion zone was weakened. The keyhole stability at latter welding side was weakened. The number of pores in the T joint increased. The laser separation distance promoted the formation of porosity at latter welding side and the formation of porosity in the stringer. Most of the cracks in the tensile tests at the weld foot propagated in the partially melted zone. Porosity has no significant influence on the tensile strength of T joints. When laser separation distance was 3 mm, the mechanical performance of T joint was the best. The hoop tensile strength was 370.0 MPa. The T-pull tensile strength was 309.5 MPa. Based on the results of tensile strength testing, the mechanical performance of T joints welded by double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding did not deteriorate with the laser separation distance less than or equal to 3 mm, which showed a good tolerance of laser separation distance for the welding process.
摘要 在双面激光束振荡填充焊接中,激光分离距离(焊接方向上两束激光之间的距离)很难精确控制。为了评估激光分离距离对 T 型接头力学性能的影响,本文进行了 2219 铝合金双面激光束振荡填充焊实验,实验中采用了不同的激光分离距离。随着激光分离,熔合区的对称性减弱。后一焊接侧的键孔稳定性减弱。T 型接头中的气孔数量增加。激光分隔距离促进了后焊接侧气孔的形成,也促进了纵梁气孔的形成。焊脚拉伸试验中的大多数裂纹都在部分熔化区扩展。气孔对 T 型接头的抗拉强度没有明显影响。当激光分离距离为 3 毫米时,T 型接头的机械性能最好。箍筋拉伸强度为 370.0 兆帕。T 型拉伸强度为 309.5 兆帕。根据拉伸强度测试结果,采用双面激光束振荡填充焊焊接的 T 型接头的机械性能在激光间距小于或等于 3 mm 时没有恶化,这表明焊接工艺对激光间距有较好的容差。
{"title":"The influence of laser separation distance on the mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy T joint in double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13391-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13391-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The laser separation distance (distance between the two lasers in welding direction) in double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding is difficult to precisely control. To evaluate the effect of laser separation distance on the mechanical properties of T joints, 2219 aluminum alloy double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding experiments with different laser separation distances were conducted in this work. With laser separation, the symmetry of fusion zone was weakened. The keyhole stability at latter welding side was weakened. The number of pores in the T joint increased. The laser separation distance promoted the formation of porosity at latter welding side and the formation of porosity in the stringer. Most of the cracks in the tensile tests at the weld foot propagated in the partially melted zone. Porosity has no significant influence on the tensile strength of T joints. When laser separation distance was 3 mm, the mechanical performance of T joint was the best. The hoop tensile strength was 370.0 MPa. The T-pull tensile strength was 309.5 MPa. Based on the results of tensile strength testing, the mechanical performance of T joints welded by double-sided laser beam oscillation filler welding did not deteriorate with the laser separation distance less than or equal to 3 mm, which showed a good tolerance of laser separation distance for the welding process.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13395-0
Guowei Cui, Dengyong Wang, Zengwei Zhu, Wenjian Cao, Tianyu Fu
Roundness error plays an important role of rotating parts in engineering fields and it has a significant influence on the machining quality and accuracy during electrochemical machining (ECM) process. The precision ECM could be processed only if the initial roundness error is decreased or eliminated and the inter-electrode gap (IEG) becomes steady after reaching an equilibrium state. However, a constant voltage is generally used in ECM process. And a long time and a large allowance are required to level the profile error of workblank if the initial profile error is large. In this study, the focus herein is on the acceleration of the leveling process of the rotary workpiece. A counter-rotating electrochemical machining (CRECM) process method with a variable voltage is proposed to improve the leveling ability. For a rotary workpiece with elliptical contours, the machining voltage can be dynamically adjusted based on the IEG through the approximate regulation of sine waves according to modeling-based analysis. The method aims to improve the leveling ability by expanding the difference in the magnitude of electric current between the high and low points on the profile of the anode workpiece under different voltages. The results of experiments confirmed that the proposed method significantly reduced the leveling time from 36 to 7 min (by 81%), and the depth of dissolution of the highest point on the profile from 1.68 to 0.45 mm while reducing the roundness error from 0.5 to 0.05 mm. The leveling ratio increased from 0.26 to 0.99.
{"title":"Improvement on leveling ability in counter-rotating electrochemical machining by using a variable voltage","authors":"Guowei Cui, Dengyong Wang, Zengwei Zhu, Wenjian Cao, Tianyu Fu","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13395-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13395-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Roundness error plays an important role of rotating parts in engineering fields and it has a significant influence on the machining quality and accuracy during electrochemical machining (ECM) process. The precision ECM could be processed only if the initial roundness error is decreased or eliminated and the inter-electrode gap (IEG) becomes steady after reaching an equilibrium state. However, a constant voltage is generally used in ECM process. And a long time and a large allowance are required to level the profile error of workblank if the initial profile error is large. In this study, the focus herein is on the acceleration of the leveling process of the rotary workpiece. A counter-rotating electrochemical machining (CRECM) process method with a variable voltage is proposed to improve the leveling ability. For a rotary workpiece with elliptical contours, the machining voltage can be dynamically adjusted based on the IEG through the approximate regulation of sine waves according to modeling-based analysis. The method aims to improve the leveling ability by expanding the difference in the magnitude of electric current between the high and low points on the profile of the anode workpiece under different voltages. The results of experiments confirmed that the proposed method significantly reduced the leveling time from 36 to 7 min (by 81%), and the depth of dissolution of the highest point on the profile from 1.68 to 0.45 mm while reducing the roundness error from 0.5 to 0.05 mm. The leveling ratio increased from 0.26 to 0.99.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13404-2
Dariusz Janecki, Krzysztof Stępień, Stanisław Adamczak
The cross-sectional method is undoubtedly the most widely used method of measuring cylindricity. The method consists of measurements of roundness profiles in several cross-sections of the cylindrical surface. Usually, the distance between subsequent cross-sections is equal. The number of cross-sections used depends on the required accuracy of the assessment of the cylindricity deviation. If one wants to get only rough estimation of the cylindricity deviation, then the measurement can be made in a few cross-sections only. However, if the required measurement accuracy is high, measurements should be carried out in a large number of cross-sections. The consequence of taking the measurements in a large number of sections is significant extension of the measurement time. In this work, an adaptive method of measuring cylindricity is proposed, the purpose of which is to ensure the required measurement accuracy while reducing the necessary number of cross-sections in which roundness profile measurements should be conducted. The proposed strategy is iterative and it is based on carrying out measurements in the cross-sections of the measured part. The proposed method implies two criteria: the correlation coefficient and the predicted values of the form deviations in the non-measured areas of the measured part. The paper presents the fundamentals of the method and the selected results of its practical verification. The experimental results show the ability of the new method to measure the form deviations of cylindrical parts.
{"title":"Adaptive cylindricity measurements with the use of circumferential section strategy","authors":"Dariusz Janecki, Krzysztof Stępień, Stanisław Adamczak","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13404-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13404-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cross-sectional method is undoubtedly the most widely used method of measuring cylindricity. The method consists of measurements of roundness profiles in several cross-sections of the cylindrical surface. Usually, the distance between subsequent cross-sections is equal. The number of cross-sections used depends on the required accuracy of the assessment of the cylindricity deviation. If one wants to get only rough estimation of the cylindricity deviation, then the measurement can be made in a few cross-sections only. However, if the required measurement accuracy is high, measurements should be carried out in a large number of cross-sections. The consequence of taking the measurements in a large number of sections is significant extension of the measurement time. In this work, an adaptive method of measuring cylindricity is proposed, the purpose of which is to ensure the required measurement accuracy while reducing the necessary number of cross-sections in which roundness profile measurements should be conducted. The proposed strategy is iterative and it is based on carrying out measurements in the cross-sections of the measured part. The proposed method implies two criteria: the correlation coefficient and the predicted values of the form deviations in the non-measured areas of the measured part. The paper presents the fundamentals of the method and the selected results of its practical verification. The experimental results show the ability of the new method to measure the form deviations of cylindrical parts.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140126366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13367-4
Yongqing Wang, Shaowei Jiang, Kuo Liu, Yuebing Yang, Yueshuai Zuo, Lingsheng Han, Haibo Liu
In order to address the existing challenges in the filling clamping methods of metal honeycomb core, such as slow efficiency, difficult post-processing, easy damage to the honeycomb wall, and lack of environmental friendliness, a new method called integral immersion ice fixation clamping for metal honeycomb core was proposed. This study conducted analytical calculations and test analysis on the mechanical properties of superalloy honeycomb core and artificial ice. It elucidated the mechanism of the metal honeycomb core with ice fixation constraint action and verified the effectiveness of ice fixation clamping through cutting tests and finite element simulation methods. The results indicate that introducing the ice fixation clamping method in metal honeycomb core machining provides sufficient support and adhesive strength for the honeycomb wall, reducing the maximum vibration amplitude by approximately 32.77 to 50.57%. When the height of the machined honeycomb core specimen is h ≥ 3 mm, it can prevent axial displacement of the honeycomb wall under the action of cutting force. The ice fixation clamping method improves the ability of the honeycomb core side wall to resist radial deformation and machining stability, and enables the machining quality of the honeycomb core with low damage, and low roughness. This research provides a new method and basic guidance for the reliable clamping of thin-walled porous metal components.
针对目前金属蜂窝芯填充夹持方法存在的效率慢、后处理困难、蜂窝壁易损坏、不环保等难题,提出了一种新的金属蜂窝芯整体浸冰固定夹持方法。该研究对超合金蜂窝芯和人工冰的力学性能进行了分析计算和试验分析。它阐明了金属蜂窝芯在冰固定约束作用下的机理,并通过切削试验和有限元模拟方法验证了冰固定夹持的有效性。结果表明,在金属蜂窝芯加工中引入冰固定夹持方法可为蜂窝壁提供足够的支撑和粘附强度,使最大振幅降低约 32.77% 至 50.57%。当加工的蜂窝芯试样高度 h≥ 3 mm 时,可防止蜂窝壁在切削力作用下发生轴向位移。冰固定夹持法提高了蜂窝芯侧壁抗径向变形能力和加工稳定性,使蜂窝芯的加工质量损伤小、粗糙度低。这项研究为薄壁多孔金属部件的可靠装夹提供了一种新方法和基本指导。
{"title":"Principle and effectiveness of ice fixation clamping in the milling of GH4099 superalloy honeycomb core","authors":"Yongqing Wang, Shaowei Jiang, Kuo Liu, Yuebing Yang, Yueshuai Zuo, Lingsheng Han, Haibo Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13367-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13367-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to address the existing challenges in the filling clamping methods of metal honeycomb core, such as slow efficiency, difficult post-processing, easy damage to the honeycomb wall, and lack of environmental friendliness, a new method called integral immersion ice fixation clamping for metal honeycomb core was proposed. This study conducted analytical calculations and test analysis on the mechanical properties of superalloy honeycomb core and artificial ice. It elucidated the mechanism of the metal honeycomb core with ice fixation constraint action and verified the effectiveness of ice fixation clamping through cutting tests and finite element simulation methods. The results indicate that introducing the ice fixation clamping method in metal honeycomb core machining provides sufficient support and adhesive strength for the honeycomb wall, reducing the maximum vibration amplitude by approximately 32.77 to 50.57%. When the height of the machined honeycomb core specimen is <i>h</i> ≥ 3 mm, it can prevent axial displacement of the honeycomb wall under the action of cutting force. The ice fixation clamping method improves the ability of the honeycomb core side wall to resist radial deformation and machining stability, and enables the machining quality of the honeycomb core with low damage, and low roughness. This research provides a new method and basic guidance for the reliable clamping of thin-walled porous metal components.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140126378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-13252-0
Zhipeng Ding, Pietro Soccio, Marina Indri, Alessandro Rizzo
Productively reducing the time required to cut numerous through holes in automotive workpieces is crucial for enhancing parts manufacturing in the 3D laser cutting process. However, the conventional cutting strategy, in which the laser beam maintains a stationary posture along the hole path, lacks flexibility and fails to effectively leverage processing tolerances. In this study, we conduct a thorough analysis of the kinematics of a six-axis redundant laser cutting machine and resolve through a decoupling method with singularity management. We propose an innovative conic posture cutting strategy for 3D laser hole-cutting with thin materials. This approach adopts the geometry of a cone as the posture while cutting the hole path. In order to obtain the optimal vertex of the cone while minimizing the taper error generated by the conic posture and kinetic energy consumption of the actuators during motion, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem and solve it using a genetic algorithm. Furthermore, we enhance the optimization by adopting a time minimization approach. Through the implementation of a B-pillar workpiece cutting experiment, we have successfully validated the credibility of our proposed cutting strategy, thereby demonstrating an enhancement of time on 26 hole-cutting paths.
有效缩短在汽车工件上切割大量通孔所需的时间,对于提高三维激光切割工艺中的零件制造水平至关重要。然而,传统的切割策略(激光束沿孔路径保持静止姿态)缺乏灵活性,无法有效利用加工公差。在本研究中,我们对六轴冗余激光切割机的运动学进行了深入分析,并通过奇异性管理解耦方法加以解决。我们为薄材料的三维激光孔切割提出了一种创新的圆锥姿态切割策略。该方法采用圆锥体的几何形状作为切割孔路径的姿态。为了获得圆锥体的最佳顶点,同时最大限度地减少圆锥姿态产生的锥度误差和运动过程中致动器的动能消耗,我们提出了一个多目标优化问题,并使用遗传算法进行了求解。此外,我们还采用了时间最小化方法来增强优化效果。通过实施 B 柱工件切割实验,我们成功地验证了我们所提出的切割策略的可信度,从而证明了在 26 个孔切割路径上时间的延长。
{"title":"Through hole-cutting conic posture optimization for a redundant 3D laser cutting machine","authors":"Zhipeng Ding, Pietro Soccio, Marina Indri, Alessandro Rizzo","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13252-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13252-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Productively reducing the time required to cut numerous through holes in automotive workpieces is crucial for enhancing parts manufacturing in the 3D laser cutting process. However, the conventional cutting strategy, in which the laser beam maintains a stationary posture along the hole path, lacks flexibility and fails to effectively leverage processing tolerances. In this study, we conduct a thorough analysis of the kinematics of a six-axis redundant laser cutting machine and resolve through a decoupling method with singularity management. We propose an innovative conic posture cutting strategy for 3D laser hole-cutting with thin materials. This approach adopts the geometry of a cone as the posture while cutting the hole path. In order to obtain the optimal vertex of the cone while minimizing the taper error generated by the conic posture and kinetic energy consumption of the actuators during motion, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem and solve it using a genetic algorithm. Furthermore, we enhance the optimization by adopting a time minimization approach. Through the implementation of a B-pillar workpiece cutting experiment, we have successfully validated the credibility of our proposed cutting strategy, thereby demonstrating an enhancement of time on 26 hole-cutting paths.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140117543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reliable prediction of the grinding force is essential for improving the grinding efficiency and service life of the grinding head. To better optimize and control the grinding process of the grinding head, this paper proposes a grinding force prediction method of the grinding head that combines surface measurement, statistical analysis, and finite element method (FEM). Firstly, a grinding head surface measurement system is constructed according to the principle of focused imaging. The distribution model of abrasive grains in terms of size, spacing, and protruding height has been established by measuring and counting the characteristics of abrasive grains on the surface of a real grinding head. Then, the undeformed chip thicknesses when the abrasive grains are cut are analyzed in depth, the material model of abrasive grains and workpiece is established, and the cutting process of abrasive grains with different characteristics on the surface of the grinding head is analyzed by finite element simulation. A single abrasive grain grinding force model is obtained. Finally, the grinding force prediction of the grinding head was realized by combining finite element simulation with grinding kinematics analysis. In addition, grinding experiments with different grinding parameters were conducted to verify the grinding force prediction model. The results show that the predicted grinding force of the grinding head is in good agreement with the experimental values. The average error of tangential grinding force is 7.42%, and the average error of normal grinding force is 9.77%. This indicates that the grinding force prediction method has good accuracy and reliability.
{"title":"Prediction and analysis of grinding force on grinding heads based on grain measurement statistics and single-grain grinding simulation","authors":"Baichun Li, Xiaokun Li, Shenghui Hou, Shangru Yang, Zhi Li, Junze Qian, Zhenpeng He","doi":"10.1007/s00170-024-13370-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13370-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reliable prediction of the grinding force is essential for improving the grinding efficiency and service life of the grinding head. To better optimize and control the grinding process of the grinding head, this paper proposes a grinding force prediction method of the grinding head that combines surface measurement, statistical analysis, and finite element method (FEM). Firstly, a grinding head surface measurement system is constructed according to the principle of focused imaging. The distribution model of abrasive grains in terms of size, spacing, and protruding height has been established by measuring and counting the characteristics of abrasive grains on the surface of a real grinding head. Then, the undeformed chip thicknesses when the abrasive grains are cut are analyzed in depth, the material model of abrasive grains and workpiece is established, and the cutting process of abrasive grains with different characteristics on the surface of the grinding head is analyzed by finite element simulation. A single abrasive grain grinding force model is obtained. Finally, the grinding force prediction of the grinding head was realized by combining finite element simulation with grinding kinematics analysis. In addition, grinding experiments with different grinding parameters were conducted to verify the grinding force prediction model. The results show that the predicted grinding force of the grinding head is in good agreement with the experimental values. The average error of tangential grinding force is 7.42%, and the average error of normal grinding force is 9.77%. This indicates that the grinding force prediction method has good accuracy and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140126453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The demand for surface wear-resistant metal components is increasing, but the current traditional preparation method of surface heat treatment for forgings and castings can hardly satisfy the trend of green development. In this study, we developed wire arc additive manufacturing laser cladding (WAAM-LC) hybrid manufacturing technology for the integrated preparation of 304 component with Ni60B reinforced coating. The microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 WAAM entity and Ni60B coating were systematically investigated. The results show that a good metallurgical bond is achieved between the Ni60B coating and 304 substrate. Both γ-Fe and δ-Fe phases appear in the 304 WAAM region, and γ-(Ni,Fe), FeNi3, (Cr,Fe)mCn, and NimSin phases are detected in the Ni60B LC coating. Slender columnar crystals and cellular crystals coexist in the 304 bonding region, while the bottom of the Ni60B coating consists of plane crystal and columnar crystals. Both molten pools appear to have a haphazardly growing dendrite structure inside. Compared to the 304 substrate, the hardness of Ni60B coating increases by 2.76 times, and the friction and wear mass loss is only 10.54% of the 304, significantly improving the wear resistance of the 304 substrate. This work indicates that WAAM-LC hybrid technology is expected to become a promising new solution for manufacturing surface wear-resistant metal components.