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The good, the bad and the lab: a review of Nancy J. Nersessian’s Interdisciplinarity in the Making 好的、坏的和实验室:南希·j·奈塞西安的《形成中的跨学科》书评
4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2212200
Emil C. Toescu, Adam Tamas Tuboly
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size AcknowledgementsBoth authors were supported by the MTA Lendület Values and Science Research Group.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1 Note, however, that some synthetical efforts, emphasizing the cognitive-natural and the social-historical were already emerging, as in David Bloor's (Citation1999) work.2 The illustration on the cover of the book is an output of this system: neuronal network ‘drawing’, using the mechanical arm.Additional informationNotes on contributorsEmil C. ToescuEmil C. Toescu is a neuroscientist with a special interest in the neurobiology of ageing and is involved with a number of academic and educational projects focusing on the interface between (medical) sciences and humanities. He is a Senior Researcher at the Institute for Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs (Hungary), Honorary Fellow at the Department of Liberal Arts and Natural Sciences, University of Birmingham (UK), member of the MTA (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) Lendület Values and Science Research Group, member of the Steering Committee and lead of the Education Committee of the Doctor as a Humanist foundation. He runs and contributes to a number of Medical Humanities courses.Adam Tamas TubolyAdam Tamas Tuboly is a philosopher of science, leader of the MTA (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) Lendület Values and Science research group and research fellow at the Institute for Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs. He works on the historical questions of philosophy of science and aims to track down the demarcation between science and pseudo-science.
点击放大图片点击缩小图片致谢两位作者都得到了MTA lend let Values和Science Research Group的支持。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1然而,请注意,一些强调认知自然和社会历史的综合努力已经出现,如大卫·布卢尔(引文1999)的作品书封面上的插图是该系统的输出:神经网络“绘图”,使用机械臂。emil C. Toescu是一位神经科学家,对衰老的神经生物学有特殊的兴趣,并参与了一些专注于(医学)科学与人文科学之间的接口的学术和教育项目。他是匈牙利psamacs大学医学院跨学科发现研究所的高级研究员、英国伯明翰大学文科和自然科学系荣誉院士、匈牙利科学院lend let价值观和科学研究小组成员、人文主义基金会博士指导委员会成员和教育委员会主席。他开办了一些医学人文学科课程,并对这些课程做出了贡献。Adam Tamas Tuboly是一位科学哲学家,匈牙利科学院lend let价值观与科学研究小组的负责人,也是psamacs大学医学院跨学科发现研究所的研究员。他致力于研究科学哲学的历史问题,旨在找出科学与伪科学之间的界限。
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引用次数: 0
‘Psychedelic Justice: Towards a Diverse and Equitable Psychedelic Culture’ 迷幻正义:走向多元化和公平的迷幻文化
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2239528
Mark Juhan Schunemann
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引用次数: 3
Choosing between prediction and explanation in geological engineering: lessons from psychology 地质工程中预测与解释的选择:来自心理学的教训
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2234216
A. Mitelman, Beverly Yang, D. Elmo, Yahel Giat
ABSTRACT In their highly influential paper, Yarkoni, Tal, and Jacob Westfall. 2017. “Choosing Prediction over Explanation in Psychology: Lessons from Machine Learning.” Perspectives on Psychological Science 12 (6):1100–1122. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617693393 the authors highlight difficulties in traditional explanatory research in the field of psychology and argue in favour of novel data-driven science. By applying machine-learning methods to large data sets, predictive power has been shown to increase significantly. Geological engineers are responsible for a wide range of applications, including the design of tunnels, dams, foundations, and mines. While the field of geological engineering stands on solid mechanistic grounds, we argue that its predictive aspect aligns more closely with psychology than other mechanistic sciences. We therefore propose a paradigm shift in geological engineering research towards a prediction-centric approach. Potentially, this could enhance cost-effectiveness in structural design and lead to substantial societal savings.
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引用次数: 0
Estimating random effects in a finite Markov chain with absorbing states: Application to cognitive data. 估计具有吸收状态的有限马尔可夫链中的随机效应:认知数据的应用。
IF 1.4 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/stan.12286
Pei Wang, Erin L Abner, Changrui Liu, David W Fardo, Frederick A Schmitt, Gregory A Jicha, Linda J Van Eldik, Richard J Kryscio

Finite Markov chains with absorbing states are popular tools for analyzing longitudinal data with categorical responses. The one step transition probabilities can be defined in terms of fixed and random effects but it is difficult to estimate these effects due to many unknown parameters. In this article we propose a three-step estimation method. In the first step the fixed effects are estimated by using a marginal likelihood function, in the second step the random effects are estimated after substituting the estimated fixed effects into a joint likelihood function defined as a h-likelihood, and in the third step the covariance matrix for the vector of random effects is estimated using the Hessian matrix for this likelihood function. An application involving an analysis of longitudinal cognitive data is used to illustrate the method.

具有吸收状态的有限马尔可夫链是分析具有分类响应的纵向数据的常用工具。一步过渡概率可以用固定效应和随机效应来定义,但由于未知参数较多,很难估计这些效应。在本文中,我们提出了一种三步估算法。第一步,使用边际似然函数估算固定效应;第二步,将估算出的固定效应代入定义为 h-似然的联合似然函数中,估算随机效应;第三步,使用该似然函数的 Hessian 矩阵估算随机效应向量的协方差矩阵。该方法的应用涉及对纵向认知数据的分析。
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引用次数: 0
What to do about the woo? Philosophy and Psychedelics. Frameworks for Exceptional Experience 该怎么办?哲学和迷幻药。卓越体验框架
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2233245
Andy Letcher
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引用次数: 0
Thinking again: enaction as a resource for ‘practice as research’ in theatre and performance 再思考:作为戏剧和表演“实践即研究”的资源
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2215024
Maiya Murphy
ABSTRACT In the context of global research culture, practitioner-researchers in theatre and performance have consistently struggled to best account for the embodied and emergent qualities of their subjects. As methodologies for ‘practice as research’ (PaR) in theatre and performance have developed since the 1990s, artistic researchers have often continued to define themselves against scientific conceptions of thinking, knowledge, and research to highlight the specific efficacies of artistic practice. I argue that this strategy genuinely hinders researchers, and that interdisciplinary approaches that move across the sciences, humanities, and arts are the key to robust accounts of theatre and performance. By revisiting a seminal PaR performance project, Joanne ‘Bob’ Whalley and Lee Miller’s Partly Cloudy, Chance of Rain (2002), I suggest how interdisciplinary approaches such as enaction from the cognitive sciences should be integrated into PaR methodologies to better address the complexity and richness of embodiment and emergence in theatre and performance.
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引用次数: 0
Why do we engage (and keep engaging) in tragic and sad stories? Negativity bias and engagement in narratives eliciting negative feelings 为什么我们要参与(并继续参与)悲剧和悲伤的故事?消极偏见和参与引发负面情绪的叙事
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2193800
J. Simon
ABSTRACT Our human tendency to remember more and pay more attention to negative events (rather than positive ones) may be at the core of our ‘enjoyment’ of the arts. Indeed, if we engage in sad and tragic stories, it may well be because we have a built-in propensity to be affected by situations eliciting negative emotions (i.e. a psychological phenomenon called the ‘Negativity Bias’). A good example of this seemingly paradoxical tendency is Fernando de Rojas’s Celestina (1499). Although the premise of the story is that of an amour courtois between two young lovers, Calisto and Melibea, the story ends with a suicide and, in between, there are also one murder, one accident leading to death and two executions. And yet, it was a bestseller at the time. This attraction to stories that elicit negative affects is also hypothesized to be the result of evolutionary pressures.
摘要我们人类对负面事件(而不是正面事件)的记忆和关注可能是我们“享受”艺术的核心。事实上,如果我们参与悲伤和悲剧的故事,很可能是因为我们有一种内在的倾向,会受到引发负面情绪的情况的影响(即一种被称为“消极偏见”的心理现象)。这种看似矛盾的倾向的一个很好的例子是费尔南多·德·罗哈斯的《Celestina》(1499)。尽管故事的前提是两个年轻恋人Calisto和Melibea之间的爱情法庭,但故事以自杀告终,在这中间还有一起谋杀、一起导致死亡的事故和两起处决。然而,它在当时是一本畅销书。这种对引发负面影响的故事的吸引力也被假设是进化压力的结果。
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引用次数: 0
When a woman becomes a plant: looking at philosophical discourses through literary narratives 当一个女人变成一株植物:从文学叙事看哲学话语
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2193797
C. Canavas
ABSTRACT Transcending the human perspective has always been a challenge – for philosophical as well as for literary and scientific narratives. The present study focuses on such a transcendence from humans to plants through a joint reading of a philosophical and a literary narrative in a form of interdisciplinary conversation. Instead of interpreting literature by means of philosophical commentaries, the philosophical narrative itself will be focused and illuminated through the literary text. The essay La vie des plantes (The Life of Plants) (2016) by Emanuele Coccia is chosen as the philosophical component of this approach. The literary lens for focusing on Coccia’s phenomenological treatise enacts the imagery concerning the gradual transformation of a woman into a plant in the story ‘The Fruit of my Woman’ published in 1997 by the South Korean author Han Kang.
超越人类视角一直是哲学、文学和科学叙事的一大挑战。本研究的重点是通过跨学科对话形式的哲学和文学叙事的联合阅读,从人类到植物的这种超越。哲学叙事本身将通过文学文本得到聚焦和阐释,而不是通过哲学评论来解释文学。选择Emanuele Coccia的文章La vie des plantes(植物的生命)(2016)作为这种方法的哲学组成部分。聚焦于科西亚现象学专著的文学镜头,再现了韩国作家韩江1997年出版的小说《我女人的果实》中关于女人逐渐变成植物的意象。
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引用次数: 0
Science and literature: the importance of differences 科学与文学:差异的重要性
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2239108
G. Levine
ABSTRACT The long history of the relations between science and literature reveals a constant pattern of hostility. This paper argues that there has rarely been a genuine ‘conversation’ and that attempts to reconcile the fields have largely been unsuccessful. The effort to assimilate science to literature is understandable and in certain respects appropriate, but their radical differences, particularly via the distinction between fact and value, are permanent conditions. This paper argues that the healthiest and most fruitful relation between science and literature is one in which literary critics sustain their work of critique, not to enter the internal workings of science but to contextualize science and set against scientific activity aesthetic and ethical criteria.
科学与文学关系的悠久历史揭示了一种持续不断的敌对模式。本文认为,很少有真正的“对话”,调和这些领域的尝试基本上都没有成功。将科学融入文学的努力是可以理解的,在某些方面也是适当的,但它们之间的根本差异,特别是通过事实和价值之间的区别,是永久的条件。本文认为,科学与文学之间最健康、最富有成效的关系是文学评论家维持他们的批评工作,而不是进入科学的内部运作,而是将科学置于情境中,并与科学活动的美学和伦理标准相抵触。
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引用次数: 0
Digital humanities at global scale 全球范围内的数字人文学科
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2023.2193799
Lidia Bocanegra Barbecho, Salvador Ros Muñoz, Elena González-Blanco García, M. Toscano
ABSTRACT The incorporation of the humanities into digital transformation processes resulted in the emergence of a new research field called digital humanities. This new field has its origin in the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century. From the research point of view, through the analysis of the scientific production of the main academic databases, we provide here an overview of the international panorama of digital humanities, looking at the main countries, institutions, areas of knowledge and leading topics in this discipline.
将人文学科纳入数字化转型过程导致了一个新的研究领域——数字人文学科的出现。这个新领域起源于二十世纪下半叶的初期。从研究的角度来看,通过对主要学术数据库的科学成果的分析,我们在这里提供了一个数字人文学科的国际全景,看看主要国家,机构,知识领域和该学科的领先主题。
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期刊
Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
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