Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09640-9
Heleen Maetens, Eva Decru, Arthur François Boom, Nathan Vranken, Maarten Van Steenberge, Jos Snoeks
Enteromius Cope, 1867 is a species-rich genus of small cyprinids endemic to Africa, which includes the ‘sawfin barbs’. This study explored the species diversity of this group within the Lake Edward system, including adjacent areas that belong to the Lakes Albert and Victoria systems. We used a multifaceted approach encompassing mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses, including a molecular clock analysis, and morphometrics. Additionally, broader regional relationships were investigated by including ‘sawfin barbs’ from other parts of the East Coast ichthyofaunal province and the Nile Basin, and from the Congo Basin, into the molecular analyses. In contrast to the previously reported three species from the Lake Edward system and adjacent areas, the results showed a fourfold increase in the number of species, thereby indicating that the three species actually constituted species complexes. Within these complexes, a consistent geographic pattern unfolded: if one species occurred at higher altitudes of the Lake Edward system, another closely related species occupied lower altitudes near Lakes Edward and George. This geographic consistency suggested an allopatric mode of speciation. Intriguingly, the revealed Pliocene-Pleistocene origin of nearly all species of ‘sawfin barbs’ from the Lake Edward system and neighbouring regions largely predated the important geological events that reshaped the hydrology in the western rift. This study offers a more detailed insight into the evolutionary patterns of the African small barbs representing a very high and unrecognized species diversity, accompanied by little morphological but high genetic divergence between species, indicating intriguingly old species origins.
{"title":"Diving into Diversity: The Complex Evolutionary History and Species Richness of the ‘sawfin barbs’ from Lake Edward and Adjacent Systems","authors":"Heleen Maetens, Eva Decru, Arthur François Boom, Nathan Vranken, Maarten Van Steenberge, Jos Snoeks","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09640-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09640-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Enteromius</i> Cope, 1867 is a species-rich genus of small cyprinids endemic to Africa, which includes the ‘sawfin barbs’. This study explored the species diversity of this group within the Lake Edward system, including adjacent areas that belong to the Lakes Albert and Victoria systems. We used a multifaceted approach encompassing mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses, including a molecular clock analysis, and morphometrics. Additionally, broader regional relationships were investigated by including ‘sawfin barbs’ from other parts of the East Coast ichthyofaunal province and the Nile Basin, and from the Congo Basin, into the molecular analyses. In contrast to the previously reported three species from the Lake Edward system and adjacent areas, the results showed a fourfold increase in the number of species, thereby indicating that the three species actually constituted species complexes. Within these complexes, a consistent geographic pattern unfolded: if one species occurred at higher altitudes of the Lake Edward system, another closely related species occupied lower altitudes near Lakes Edward and George. This geographic consistency suggested an allopatric mode of speciation. Intriguingly, the revealed Pliocene-Pleistocene origin of nearly all species of ‘sawfin barbs’ from the Lake Edward system and neighbouring regions largely predated the important geological events that reshaped the hydrology in the western rift. This study offers a more detailed insight into the evolutionary patterns of the African small barbs representing a very high and unrecognized species diversity, accompanied by little morphological but high genetic divergence between species, indicating intriguingly old species origins.</p>","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09639-2
María J. Ramírez, Catalina Escanilla-Jaramillo, Maureen M. Murúa
Plants have different strategies to avoid selfing and buffer its negative consequences on plant fitness. One strategy is the arrangement of petals and the disposition of the reproductive structures (RS) inside the flowers, allowing the development of different pollination mechanisms. In Calceolaria L. species two possible floral phenotypes can be found: short RS protected by the upper corolla lip (nototribic flowers) and long RS resting in the lower corolla lip (sternotribic flowers), the latter being hypothesized to favor selfing.
We selected 13 Calceolaria taxa and characterized their floral phenotype as nototribic or sternotribic, measured RS length and herkogamy, and performed hand-pollination treatments to determine the number of seeds produced by self- and cross-pollination to test whether floral phenotype influences inbreeding. GLMs analysis was performed to determine the differences between the sizes of RS and both floral phenotypes, and LMM was performed to evaluate the relationship between the RS and inbreeding with both floral phenotypes.
We found a relationship between stamen length and herkogamy in both floral phenotypes, where sternotribic flowers have a higher stamen length and lower herkogamy, whereas the opposite occurred in taxa with nototribic morphology. Stamen length significantly influences the inbreeding with sternotribic flowers having a higher inbreeding depression by geitonogamous self-pollination than nototribic ones.
Our results suggest that plants may evolve different reproductive mechanisms to cope with pollination unreliability. Thus, floral phenotype may favor the development of geitonogamy selfing, which may explain the two floral phenotypes present in this specialized oil-secreting genus.
{"title":"A Specialized Combination: The Relationship between Reproductive Structure Arrangement and Breeding Systems in oil-rewarding Calceolaria Species (Calceolariaceae)","authors":"María J. Ramírez, Catalina Escanilla-Jaramillo, Maureen M. Murúa","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09639-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09639-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plants have different strategies to avoid selfing and buffer its negative consequences on plant fitness. One strategy is the arrangement of petals and the disposition of the reproductive structures (RS) inside the flowers, allowing the development of different pollination mechanisms. In <i>Calceolaria</i> L. species two possible floral phenotypes can be found: short RS protected by the upper corolla lip (nototribic flowers) and long RS resting in the lower corolla lip (sternotribic flowers), the latter being hypothesized to favor selfing.</p><p>We selected 13 <i>Calceolaria</i> taxa and characterized their floral phenotype as nototribic or sternotribic, measured RS length and herkogamy, and performed hand-pollination treatments to determine the number of seeds produced by self- and cross-pollination to test whether floral phenotype influences inbreeding. GLMs analysis was performed to determine the differences between the sizes of RS and both floral phenotypes, and LMM was performed to evaluate the relationship between the RS and inbreeding with both floral phenotypes.</p><p>We found a relationship between stamen length and herkogamy in both floral phenotypes, where sternotribic flowers have a higher stamen length and lower herkogamy, whereas the opposite occurred in taxa with nototribic morphology. Stamen length significantly influences the inbreeding with sternotribic flowers having a higher inbreeding depression by geitonogamous self-pollination than nototribic ones.</p><p>Our results suggest that plants may evolve different reproductive mechanisms to cope with pollination unreliability. Thus, floral phenotype may favor the development of geitonogamy selfing, which may explain the two floral phenotypes present in this specialized oil-secreting genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09638-3
I. Dzeverin, O. Vertsimakha
{"title":"Restructuring of Skull Modularity Pattern in Evolution Within Myotis myotis–Myotis blythii Species Group (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera, Mammalia)","authors":"I. Dzeverin, O. Vertsimakha","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09638-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09638-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09637-4
M. Zelditch, D. L. Swiderski
{"title":"Correction: Effects of Procrustes Superimposition and Semilandmark Sliding on Modularity and Integration: An Investigation Using Simulations of Biological Data","authors":"M. Zelditch, D. L. Swiderski","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09637-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09637-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09636-5
Lloyd A. Courtenay, Julia Aramendi, Diego González-Aguilera
Geometric Morphometrics can be used to describe morphology as a series of coordinates after the effects of variation in translation, rotation, and scale have been removed. This can be further divided into the notion of shape and form, where the latter excludes the scaling procedure from analyses. Dimensionality reduction in Geometric Morphometrics is necessary for the representation of this data into a reduced, more manageable set of dimensions, while preserving as much of the original variation as possible. The purpose of this study is to explore a new means of performing dimensionality reduction on Procrustes landmark data. Here we present a new mathematical model that can be used to enhance dimensionality reduction techniques such as Principal Component Analyses. Integrated into a new R library, the GraphGMM framework uses elements of geometric learning and graph theory to aggregate and embed (project) morphological information from Procrustes coordinates into a new set of transformed coordinates. We validate this model through the use of theoretically constructed, as well as open source, datasets. We finally present a pilot case study using great ape radii to show how these transformed landmarks efficiently capture morphological information, prior to dimensionality reduction, leading to a more efficient construction of a final representation of a morphological coordinate space. Graph-based Geometric Morphometrics thus provides a new insight into the study of morphological patterns, that can be used as an additional source of information in bioanthropological studies.
几何形态计量学可用于将形态描述为去除平移、旋转和比例变化影响后的一系列坐标。这又可进一步分为形状和形态的概念,后者在分析中排除了缩放程序。几何形态计量学中的降维是将这些数据表示为一个缩小的、更易于管理的维数集的必要手段,同时尽可能多地保留原始变化。本研究的目的是探索一种对普罗克斯特地标数据进行降维处理的新方法。在此,我们提出了一种新的数学模型,可用于增强主成分分析等降维技术。GraphGMM 框架集成到一个新的 R 库中,利用几何学习和图论元素将普罗克鲁斯坐标中的形态信息汇总并嵌入到一组新的转换坐标中。我们通过使用理论构建的数据集和开源数据集验证了这一模型。最后,我们利用巨猿半径进行了试点案例研究,展示了这些转换后的地标如何在降维之前有效捕捉形态信息,从而更高效地构建形态坐标空间的最终表示。因此,基于图形的几何形态计量学为形态模式研究提供了新的视角,可作为生物人类学研究的额外信息来源。
{"title":"A Graph-Based Mathematical Model for More Efficient Dimensionality Reduction of Landmark Data in Geometric Morphometrics","authors":"Lloyd A. Courtenay, Julia Aramendi, Diego González-Aguilera","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09636-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09636-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geometric Morphometrics can be used to describe morphology as a series of coordinates after the effects of variation in translation, rotation, and scale have been removed. This can be further divided into the notion of shape and form, where the latter excludes the scaling procedure from analyses. Dimensionality reduction in Geometric Morphometrics is necessary for the representation of this data into a reduced, more manageable set of dimensions, while preserving as much of the original variation as possible. The purpose of this study is to explore a new means of performing dimensionality reduction on Procrustes landmark data. Here we present a new mathematical model that can be used to enhance dimensionality reduction techniques such as Principal Component Analyses. Integrated into a new R library, the GraphGMM framework uses elements of geometric learning and graph theory to aggregate and embed (project) morphological information from Procrustes coordinates into a new set of transformed coordinates. We validate this model through the use of theoretically constructed, as well as open source, datasets. We finally present a pilot case study using great ape radii to show how these transformed landmarks efficiently capture morphological information, prior to dimensionality reduction, leading to a more efficient construction of a final representation of a morphological coordinate space. Graph-based Geometric Morphometrics thus provides a new insight into the study of morphological patterns, that can be used as an additional source of information in bioanthropological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09633-8
Fernanda S. Caron, M. R. Pie
{"title":"The Evolution of Body Size in Terrestrial Tetrapods","authors":"Fernanda S. Caron, M. R. Pie","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09633-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09633-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09635-6
Lucía Alarcón-Ríos, Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou, David Álvarez, Guillermo Velo-Antón
The environmental transformations associated with cities are expected to affect organisms at the demographic, phenotypic, and evolutionary level, often negatively. The prompt detection of stressed populations before their viability is compromised is essential to understand species’ responses to novel conditions and to integrate urbanization with biodiversity preservation. The presumably stressful conditions of urban environments are expected to affect organisms’ developmental pathways, resulting in a reduction of the efficacy of developmental stability and canalization processes, which can be observed as increased Fluctuating Asymmetry (FA) and Phenotypic Variance (PV), respectively. Here, we investigated whether patterns of phenotypic variation of urban populations of a fully terrestrial salamander, Salamandra salamandra bernardezi, are affected by urban settings compared to surrounding native forest populations. We sampled populations within and around the city of Oviedo (northern Spain) and used geometric morphometrics to compare morphological differentiation, head shape deviance from the allometric slope, PV, and FA. We also compared morphological patterns with neutral genetic and structure patterns. We observed increased levels of differentiation among urban populations and in PV within certain of them, yet no differences in allometric deviance and FA were detected between habitats, and no morphological measures were found to be correlated with genetic traits. Our results do not support a clear negative impact of urban conditions over salamander populations, but rather suggest that other ecological and evolutionary local processes influence morphological variation in this urban system.
{"title":"Urban Life Affects Differentiation and Phenotypic Variation but not Asymmetry in a Fully Terrestrial Salamander","authors":"Lucía Alarcón-Ríos, Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou, David Álvarez, Guillermo Velo-Antón","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09635-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09635-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The environmental transformations associated with cities are expected to affect organisms at the demographic, phenotypic, and evolutionary level, often negatively. The prompt detection of stressed populations before their viability is compromised is essential to understand species’ responses to novel conditions and to integrate urbanization with biodiversity preservation. The presumably stressful conditions of urban environments are expected to affect organisms’ developmental pathways, resulting in a reduction of the efficacy of developmental stability and canalization processes, which can be observed as increased Fluctuating Asymmetry (FA) and Phenotypic Variance (PV), respectively. Here, we investigated whether patterns of phenotypic variation of urban populations of a fully terrestrial salamander, <i>Salamandra salamandra bernardezi</i>, are affected by urban settings compared to surrounding native forest populations. We sampled populations within and around the city of Oviedo (northern Spain) and used geometric morphometrics to compare morphological differentiation, head shape deviance from the allometric slope, PV, and FA. We also compared morphological patterns with neutral genetic and structure patterns. We observed increased levels of differentiation among urban populations and in PV within certain of them, yet no differences in allometric deviance and FA were detected between habitats, and no morphological measures were found to be correlated with genetic traits. Our results do not support a clear negative impact of urban conditions over salamander populations, but rather suggest that other ecological and evolutionary local processes influence morphological variation in this urban system.</p>","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09631-w
John G. Phillips, Travis J. Hagey, Molly Hagemann, Eben Gering
Phenotypic change plays diverse roles in species’ colonization, but most invasion studies target single species. To compare ecomorphological changes among co-invading species with overlapping niches, we examined three lizards on the island of O‘ahu (Anolis carolinensis, A. sagrei, Phelsuma laticauda). Using specimens from three decades of unfolding invasions obtained through museum collections and contemporary field work, we quantified shifts in three traits: snout vent length (SVL), forelimb-, and hindlimb-length (limb lengths relative to SVL). We hypothesized that competition among these three species has led to ecological shifts that will be detectable through morphological change. Overall, we found that unique patterns of phenotypic change were both species-specific and sex-specific within species: (1) male A. sagrei, female A. carolinensis, and male P. laticauda increased in SVL and (2) relative hindlimb length increased in female A. carolinensis since the 1980s. The observed changes involve traits that may be consequential to invasion dynamics. This study illustrates how museum- and field-based research can be integrated to document nuanced temporal patterns in the phenotypes of co-invading species that share similar niches in native ranges, raising questions about the underlying process(es) driving species- and sex-specific change in co-invaded systems.
表型变化在物种殖民过程中扮演着多种角色,但大多数入侵研究都以单一物种为目标。为了比较具有重叠壁龛的共同入侵物种之间的形态变化,我们考察了瓦胡岛上的三种蜥蜴(Anolis carolinensis、A. sagrei、Phelsuma laticauda)。我们利用从博物馆藏品和当代野外工作中获得的三十年来不断入侵的标本,量化了三种特征的变化:鼻孔长度(SVL)、前肢长度和后肢长度(相对于 SVL 的肢体长度)。我们假设这三个物种之间的竞争导致了生态变化,而生态变化可以通过形态变化检测到。总体而言,我们发现表型变化的独特模式既有物种特异性,也有物种内的性别特异性:(1)雄性 A. sagrei、雌性 A. carolinensis 和雄性 P. laticauda 的 SVL 增加了;(2)自 20 世纪 80 年代以来,雌性 A. carolinensis 的相对后肢长度增加了。观察到的变化涉及可能对入侵动态有影响的性状。这项研究说明了如何将基于博物馆和野外的研究结合起来,记录共同入侵物种表型的细微时间模式,这些物种在原生地具有相似的生态位,从而提出了在共同入侵系统中驱动物种和性别特异性变化的潜在过程的问题。
{"title":"Analysis of Morphological Change during a Co-invading Assemblage of Lizards in the Hawaiian Islands","authors":"John G. Phillips, Travis J. Hagey, Molly Hagemann, Eben Gering","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09631-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09631-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phenotypic change plays diverse roles in species’ colonization, but most invasion studies target single species. To compare ecomorphological changes among co-invading species with overlapping niches, we examined three lizards on the island of O‘ahu (<i>Anolis carolinensis, A. sagrei, Phelsuma laticauda</i>). Using specimens from three decades of unfolding invasions obtained through museum collections and contemporary field work, we quantified shifts in three traits: snout vent length (SVL), forelimb-, and hindlimb-length (limb lengths relative to SVL). We hypothesized that competition among these three species has led to ecological shifts that will be detectable through morphological change. Overall, we found that unique patterns of phenotypic change were both species-specific and sex-specific within species: (1) male <i>A. sagrei</i>, female <i>A. carolinensis</i>, and male <i>P. laticauda</i> increased in SVL and (2) relative hindlimb length increased in female <i>A. carolinensis</i> since the 1980s. The observed changes involve traits that may be consequential to invasion dynamics. This study illustrates how museum- and field-based research can be integrated to document nuanced temporal patterns in the phenotypes of co-invading species that share similar niches in native ranges, raising questions about the underlying process(es) driving species- and sex-specific change in co-invaded systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09634-7
Abstract
Understanding the evolution of evolvability—the evolutionary potential of populations—is key to predicting adaptation to novel environments. Despite growing evidence that evolvability structures adaptation, it remains unclear how adaptation to novel environments in turn influences evolvability. Here we address the interplay between adaptation and evolvability in the peacock fly Tephritis conura, which recently underwent an adaptive change in ovipositor length following a host shift. We compared the evolvability of morphological traits, including ovipositor length, between the ancestral and the derived host race. We found that mean evolvability was reduced in females of the derived host race compared to the ancestral host race. However, patterns of multivariate evolvability (considering trait covariances) were very similar in both host races, and populations of the derived host race had diverged from the ancestral host race in directions of greater-than-average evolvability. Exploration of phenotypic integration patterns further revealed relatively high levels of independent variation in ovipositor length compared to other measured traits, allowing some degree of independent divergence. Our findings suggest that adaptation to novel environments can reduce mean evolvability without major changes in patterns of variational constraints, and that trait autonomy helps facilitate divergence of functionally important traits.
{"title":"Colonization of a Novel Host Plant Reduces Phenotypic Variation","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09634-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09634-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Understanding the evolution of evolvability—the evolutionary potential of populations—is key to predicting adaptation to novel environments. Despite growing evidence that evolvability structures adaptation, it remains unclear how adaptation to novel environments in turn influences evolvability. Here we address the interplay between adaptation and evolvability in the peacock fly <em>Tephritis conura,</em> which recently underwent an adaptive change in ovipositor length following a host shift. We compared the evolvability of morphological traits, including ovipositor length, between the ancestral and the derived host race. We found that mean evolvability was reduced in females of the derived host race compared to the ancestral host race. However, patterns of multivariate evolvability (considering trait covariances) were very similar in both host races, and populations of the derived host race had diverged from the ancestral host race in directions of greater-than-average evolvability. Exploration of phenotypic integration patterns further revealed relatively high levels of independent variation in ovipositor length compared to other measured traits, allowing some degree of independent divergence. Our findings suggest that adaptation to novel environments can reduce mean evolvability without major changes in patterns of variational constraints, and that trait autonomy helps facilitate divergence of functionally important traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140303047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1007/s11692-024-09632-9
M. Collyer, Dean C. Adams
{"title":"Correction: Interrogating Random and Systematic Measurement Error in Morphometric Data","authors":"M. Collyer, Dean C. Adams","doi":"10.1007/s11692-024-09632-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-024-09632-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50471,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}