Uncontrolled spillage of shallow gas poses a significant threat to offshore engineering safety, with its main component methane (CH4) acting as a potent greenhouse gas. Elucidating the biogenic shallow gas in offshore sediments is imperative for strengthening defenses against marine geohazards and elemental cycling processes. This study investigated the methanogenesis and its regulatory mechanisms in the vertical profile of Zhoushan offshore area through 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenome techniques. Metagenomics highlighted the contribution of acetoclastic methanogenesis (97 %) driven by Methanosarcina and Methanocella in the deep layers (24–31.2 m), supported by the high abundance of acs (76 %) and cdh (15 %) genes. Simultaneously, hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis also contributed 56 % of the metabolic activity. The redox interface showed close interactions between the nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and CH4 cycles, mainly driven by Sulfurimonas (0.6–59 %) and Pseudomonas (7–30 %). Serine pathway–mediated CH4 oxidation suppressed emissions in shallow sediments (12–24 m), aligning with elevated enzyme abundances (M00346). In the vertical profiles, dissimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrification pathways dominated nitrogen metabolism, while assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway dominated sulfur metabolism. These findings revealed that denitrification–dependent anaerobic CH4 oxidation (DAMO) and sulfate–dependent anaerobic CH4 oxidation (SAMO) predominated in deep sediments, which might develop synthetic trophic relationship through direct electron transfer and drive the coexistence of CH4–oxidizing bacteria in deep sediments.
扫码关注我们
求助内容:
应助结果提醒方式:
