Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2404637
Yu-Hui Ho, Kai Way Li, Lu Peng
Human-virtual object interaction is common in both entertainment and work settings. This study investigated the movement time (MT) and subjective rating of difficulty (SRD) for moving a virtual cuboid in a 3D space. The participants wore an augmented reality (AR) headset, picked up a virtual cuboid, and placed it on an assigned target. They rated the SRD of the task on a five-point scale. The effects of the 3D coordinate of the target, sex, and handedness on the MT were analysed. The error placement rate was also recorded. Significant effects of spatial coordinates were found on both MT and SRD. Both single- and two-stage MT modelling were conducted using segmented and unsegmented MT data, respectively. The insignificant prediction error between the models indicates that the two-stage MT model is not superior to the single-stage one. The findings of this study are beneficial to software designers in designing user-friendly AR applications.
{"title":"Movement and positioning of a virtual cuboid in 3d space in an augmented reality environment.","authors":"Yu-Hui Ho, Kai Way Li, Lu Peng","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2024.2404637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2404637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human-virtual object interaction is common in both entertainment and work settings. This study investigated the movement time (MT) and subjective rating of difficulty (SRD) for moving a virtual cuboid in a 3D space. The participants wore an augmented reality (AR) headset, picked up a virtual cuboid, and placed it on an assigned target. They rated the SRD of the task on a five-point scale. The effects of the 3D coordinate of the target, sex, and handedness on the MT were analysed. The error placement rate was also recorded. Significant effects of spatial coordinates were found on both MT and SRD. Both single- and two-stage MT modelling were conducted using segmented and unsegmented MT data, respectively. The insignificant prediction error between the models indicates that the two-stage MT model is not superior to the single-stage one. The findings of this study are beneficial to software designers in designing user-friendly AR applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2392779
Aaron P J Roberts, Christopher J Parnell, Menisha Patel
The origins of Human Factors (HF) are rooted in the Second World War. It is a sign of the times that 75 years on from the formation of the Ergonomics Research Society, discussions occur as to whether Artificial Intelligence (AI) could/should be capable of controlling weaponry in a theatre of war. HF can support the design of safe, ethical, and usable AI: but there is little evidence of HF influencing industrial organisations developing AI. A review of the history of HF was conducted to understand how the influence of discipline on AI development may be optimised. The field may need to become broader and more inclusive, given the potential implications of innovation such as AI. The field of Responsible Research and Innovation can help the HF Practitioner ensure that the design and application of AI based technology serves to improve human well-being and optimise system performance over the next 75 years.Practitioner summary: A review of the history and origins of Human Factors was conducted. The review aimed to learn from the development of the discipline over the last 75 years to provide insights of what can be done to optimise the influence of HF to design safe, ethical, and usable artificial intelligence.
{"title":"We have to go back, back to the future! Reflecting on 75 years of human factors in the UK to shape a future of responsible artificial intelligence innovation.","authors":"Aaron P J Roberts, Christopher J Parnell, Menisha Patel","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2024.2392779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2392779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The origins of Human Factors (HF) are rooted in the Second World War. It is a sign of the times that 75 years on from the formation of the Ergonomics Research Society, discussions occur as to whether Artificial Intelligence (AI) could/should be capable of controlling weaponry in a theatre of war. HF can support the design of safe, ethical, and usable AI: but there is little evidence of HF influencing industrial organisations developing AI. A review of the history of HF was conducted to understand how the influence of discipline on AI development may be optimised. The field may need to become broader and more inclusive, given the potential implications of innovation such as AI. The field of Responsible Research and Innovation can help the HF Practitioner ensure that the design and application of AI based technology serves to improve human well-being and optimise system performance over the next 75 years.<b>Practitioner summary:</b> A review of the history and origins of Human Factors was conducted. The review aimed to learn from the development of the discipline over the last 75 years to provide insights of what can be done to optimise the influence of HF to design safe, ethical, and usable artificial intelligence.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research determines the critical factors for implementing ergonomics programs related to health and safety benefits in the manufacturing industries of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, from the middle/upper management perspective. The sample was non-probabilistically selected for convenience, comprising individuals in middle and senior management positions. An original questionnaire containing 105 items measuring five latent variables was developed, reviewed, and validated for data collection. The sample size totalled 206 participants. Structural equation models using partial least squares (PLS) were employed to analyse interrelationships between variables. This research demonstrated acceptable reliability and quality indices. Management commitment emerged as the most significant factor, exerting the highest direct, indirect, and total effects on the work environment and prevention activities, significantly enhancing health and safety benefits. Consequently, manufacturing companies in Juarez City must strive to improve management commitment in the working environment and prevention activities since both strategies can increase employee health and safety benefits.
{"title":"Critical success factors for ergonomics programs and their relationship to benefits of health and safety in Mexico's manufacturing industries.","authors":"Julio César Ramos-Rodríguez, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, César Omar Balderrama-Armendáriz","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2024.2403001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2403001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research determines the critical factors for implementing ergonomics programs related to health and safety benefits in the manufacturing industries of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, from the middle/upper management perspective. The sample was non-probabilistically selected for convenience, comprising individuals in middle and senior management positions. An original questionnaire containing 105 items measuring five latent variables was developed, reviewed, and validated for data collection. The sample size totalled 206 participants. Structural equation models using partial least squares (PLS) were employed to analyse interrelationships between variables. This research demonstrated acceptable reliability and quality indices. Management commitment emerged as the most significant factor, exerting the highest direct, indirect, and total effects on the work environment and prevention activities, significantly enhancing health and safety benefits. Consequently, manufacturing companies in Juarez City must strive to improve management commitment in the working environment and prevention activities since both strategies can increase employee health and safety benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2400125
Danielle M Vickery-Howe,Jace R Drain,Anthea C Clarke,Ben J Dascombe,Brooke Hoolihan,Kane J Middleton
This study investigated the effects of weapon handling on the physiological responses and walking-gait kinematics during load carriage. Seventeen soldiers completed four twelve-minute bouts of treadmill walking at incremental speeds (3.5, 5.5, 6.5 km.h-1 and self-selected) carrying 23.2-kg of additional load, while either handling a weapon or not handling a weapon. Physiological, perceptual and biomechanical outcomes were measured throughout each trial. A weapon-by-speed interaction (p < .05) was observed for hip flexion-extension during loading response and mid-swing. Weapon handling elevated (p < .05) cardiorespiratory responses at 6.5 km.h-1. Main effects (p < .05) of weapon handling were observed for ventilation, oxygen pulse, effort perception, stride length and knee flexion-extension during toe-off. No main effects of weapon handling were observed for any other biomechanical measures. These findings demonstrate that physiological and biomechanical responses to weapon handling are likely walking-speed dependent.Practitioner summary: Weapon handling is an important part of many load-carriage tasks but is rarely investigated. Physiological and biomechanical responses were assessed at incremental speeds during load carriage. Despite similar biomechanics, there was greater physiological demands at faster walking speeds, suggesting an increased contribution from isometric muscle contractions for weapon stabilisation.
{"title":"The effect of weapon handling during load carriage across a range of military-relevant walking speeds.","authors":"Danielle M Vickery-Howe,Jace R Drain,Anthea C Clarke,Ben J Dascombe,Brooke Hoolihan,Kane J Middleton","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2024.2400125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2400125","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of weapon handling on the physiological responses and walking-gait kinematics during load carriage. Seventeen soldiers completed four twelve-minute bouts of treadmill walking at incremental speeds (3.5, 5.5, 6.5 km.h-1 and self-selected) carrying 23.2-kg of additional load, while either handling a weapon or not handling a weapon. Physiological, perceptual and biomechanical outcomes were measured throughout each trial. A weapon-by-speed interaction (p < .05) was observed for hip flexion-extension during loading response and mid-swing. Weapon handling elevated (p < .05) cardiorespiratory responses at 6.5 km.h-1. Main effects (p < .05) of weapon handling were observed for ventilation, oxygen pulse, effort perception, stride length and knee flexion-extension during toe-off. No main effects of weapon handling were observed for any other biomechanical measures. These findings demonstrate that physiological and biomechanical responses to weapon handling are likely walking-speed dependent.Practitioner summary: Weapon handling is an important part of many load-carriage tasks but is rarely investigated. Physiological and biomechanical responses were assessed at incremental speeds during load carriage. Despite similar biomechanics, there was greater physiological demands at faster walking speeds, suggesting an increased contribution from isometric muscle contractions for weapon stabilisation.","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interruptions in the working environment cause extra mental workload for the operators, and this phenomenon has garnered significant research attention. This study designed four interruption conditions based on the perceptual and cognitive perspectives of human information processing, using a 2(perceptual primary task and cognitive primary task)*2(perceptual interruption task and cognitive interruption task) factorial design. Multimodal measurement methods were used to evaluate mental workload in different interruption conditions. The results show that when the primary task and the interruption task are different load types, they generate a higher mental workload than the same load type. It can be attributed to the fact that perceptual tasks and cognitive tasks increase mental workload during switching. In addition, based on the multimodal index data, the prediction model of interruption recovery delay time and the classification model of interruption conditions are established, which provides a basis for rational scheduling of work and preventing mental overload.
{"title":"The effects of different interruption conditions on mental workload: an experimental study based on multimodal measurements.","authors":"Haizhe Jin,Liyuan Liu,Zhongbao Luo,Su Meng,Yinan Zhao","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2024.2400129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2400129","url":null,"abstract":"Interruptions in the working environment cause extra mental workload for the operators, and this phenomenon has garnered significant research attention. This study designed four interruption conditions based on the perceptual and cognitive perspectives of human information processing, using a 2(perceptual primary task and cognitive primary task)*2(perceptual interruption task and cognitive interruption task) factorial design. Multimodal measurement methods were used to evaluate mental workload in different interruption conditions. The results show that when the primary task and the interruption task are different load types, they generate a higher mental workload than the same load type. It can be attributed to the fact that perceptual tasks and cognitive tasks increase mental workload during switching. In addition, based on the multimodal index data, the prediction model of interruption recovery delay time and the classification model of interruption conditions are established, which provides a basis for rational scheduling of work and preventing mental overload.","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2396527
Marie E Ward, Una Geary, Rob Brennan, Rebecca Vining, Lucy McKenna, Brian O'Connell, Colm Bergin, Declan Byrne, Donncha Creagh, Mary Fogarty, Una Healy, Grainne McDonald, Malick Ebiele, Martin Crane, Minh-Khoi Pham, Malika Bendechache, Marija Bezbradica, Junli Liang, Brian Doyle, John Guilfoyle, Arwa Shuhaiber, Nick McDonald
Innovative approaches are needed for managing risk and system change in healthcare. This paper presents a case study of a project that took place over two years, taking a systems approach to managing the risk of healthcare acquired infection in an acute hospital setting, supported by an Access Risk Knowledge Platform which brings together Human Factors Ergonomics, Data Science, Data Governance and AI expertise. Evidence for change including meeting notes and use of the platform were studied. The work on the project focused on first systematically building a rich picture of the current situation from a transdisciplinary perspective. This allowed for understanding risk in context and developing a better capability to support enterprise risk management and accountability. From there a linking of operational and risk data took place which led to mapping of the risk pattern in the hospital.
{"title":"A systems approach to managing the risk of healthcare acquired infection in an acute hospital setting supported by human factors ergonomics, data science, data governance and AI.","authors":"Marie E Ward, Una Geary, Rob Brennan, Rebecca Vining, Lucy McKenna, Brian O'Connell, Colm Bergin, Declan Byrne, Donncha Creagh, Mary Fogarty, Una Healy, Grainne McDonald, Malick Ebiele, Martin Crane, Minh-Khoi Pham, Malika Bendechache, Marija Bezbradica, Junli Liang, Brian Doyle, John Guilfoyle, Arwa Shuhaiber, Nick McDonald","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2024.2396527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2396527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovative approaches are needed for managing risk and system change in healthcare. This paper presents a case study of a project that took place over two years, taking a systems approach to managing the risk of healthcare acquired infection in an acute hospital setting, supported by an Access Risk Knowledge Platform which brings together Human Factors Ergonomics, Data Science, Data Governance and AI expertise. Evidence for change including meeting notes and use of the platform were studied. The work on the project focused on first systematically building a rich picture of the current situation from a transdisciplinary perspective. This allowed for understanding risk in context and developing a better capability to support enterprise risk management and accountability. From there a linking of operational and risk data took place which led to mapping of the risk pattern in the hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-12-19DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2289856
Muhammad Hussain, Yong-Ku Kong, Sang-Soo Park, Hyun-Ho Shim, Jaehyun Park
Exoskeleton robots are a promising solution to reduce musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in different work environments, but a specific usability scale for evaluating them is lacking. This study aimed to develop and verify a preliminary Exoskeleton Usability Questionnaire (EUQ) for the lower limb exoskeletons by creating a draft survey questionnaire from existing questions in prior studies. An experiment was conducted with 20 participants who performed a specific task while wearing three lower limb robots and provided subjective feedback using the developed questionnaire. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), resulting in a usability evaluation questionnaire for exoskeleton robots clustered into four main factors: mobility, adjustability, handling and safety. This study's findings are expected to be useful in evaluating the usability of the lower limb exoskeletons in both general production sites and agricultural work, which can aid in reducing the prevalence of lower limb MSDs.Practitioner Summary: This study developed a preliminary subjective usability evaluation questionnaire for exoskeleton robots. The questionnaire is clustered into four main factors: mobility, adjustability, handling and safety. These findings provide a valuable tool for assessing exoskeleton usability, potentially reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in various work environments.
{"title":"Exoskeleton Usability Questionnaire: a preliminary evaluation questionnaire for the lower limb industrial exoskeletons.","authors":"Muhammad Hussain, Yong-Ku Kong, Sang-Soo Park, Hyun-Ho Shim, Jaehyun Park","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2289856","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2289856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exoskeleton robots are a promising solution to reduce musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in different work environments, but a specific usability scale for evaluating them is lacking. This study aimed to develop and verify a preliminary Exoskeleton Usability Questionnaire (EUQ) for the lower limb exoskeletons by creating a draft survey questionnaire from existing questions in prior studies. An experiment was conducted with 20 participants who performed a specific task while wearing three lower limb robots and provided subjective feedback using the developed questionnaire. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), resulting in a usability evaluation questionnaire for exoskeleton robots clustered into four main factors: mobility, adjustability, handling and safety. This study's findings are expected to be useful in evaluating the usability of the lower limb exoskeletons in both general production sites and agricultural work, which can aid in reducing the prevalence of lower limb MSDs.<b>Practitioner Summary:</b> This study developed a preliminary subjective usability evaluation questionnaire for exoskeleton robots. The questionnaire is clustered into four main factors: mobility, adjustability, handling and safety. These findings provide a valuable tool for assessing exoskeleton usability, potentially reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in various work environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-12-18DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2295214
Sang Hyeon Kang, Laura Lynch, Emma Wolf, Gary A Mirka
The objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a passive back-support exosuit at reducing low back muscle fatigue during an 18-minute trunk posture maintenance task. On two separate days sixteen participants performed an 18-minute trunk posture profile that reflected trunk flexion postures observed during a challenging vascular surgery procedure. On one day they performed the procedure with the support of the exosuit, on the other day without. Test contractions were performed every three minutes to capture the time-dependent electromyographic activity of the bilateral erector spinae muscles. Time domain (amplitude) and frequency domain (median frequency) measures of erector spinae muscle fatigue were assessed. Results revealed that the exosuit significantly reduced the measures of erector spinae muscle fatigue in terms of both amplitude (6.1%) and median frequency (5.3%), demonstrating a fatigue reduction benefit of the exosuit in a realistic surgical posture maintenance task.
{"title":"Quantifying the effectiveness of a passive trunk-support exosuit at reducing erector spinae muscle fatigue during a quasi-static posture maintenance task.","authors":"Sang Hyeon Kang, Laura Lynch, Emma Wolf, Gary A Mirka","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2295214","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2295214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a passive back-support exosuit at reducing low back muscle fatigue during an 18-minute trunk posture maintenance task. On two separate days sixteen participants performed an 18-minute trunk posture profile that reflected trunk flexion postures observed during a challenging vascular surgery procedure. On one day they performed the procedure with the support of the exosuit, on the other day without. Test contractions were performed every three minutes to capture the time-dependent electromyographic activity of the bilateral erector spinae muscles. Time domain (amplitude) and frequency domain (median frequency) measures of erector spinae muscle fatigue were assessed. Results revealed that the exosuit significantly reduced the measures of erector spinae muscle fatigue in terms of both amplitude (6.1%) and median frequency (5.3%), demonstrating a fatigue reduction benefit of the exosuit in a realistic surgical posture maintenance task.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-12-17DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2288808
James G Phillips, Yang-Wai Chow, Rowan P Ogeil
As sleep problems can impair quality of work, an online questionnaire was used to examine relationships between sleepiness and decision making while obtaining unobtrusive indices of performance. Participants (N = 344) completed the Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire in a Qualtrics survey while reporting mobile phone use. Qualtrics recorded the time and the number of clicks required to complete each page of the survey. Multiple regression indicated that insomnia was associated with daytime sleepiness and Hypervigilance, and mobile phone use before bed. Participants with moderate sleepiness required a greater number of clicks to complete the questionnaire. Greater sleepiness was associated with longer times to complete these self-assessment tasks. Clinically significant sleepiness produces changes in performance that can be detected from online responsivity. As sleepy individuals can be appreciably and quantitatively slower in performing subjective self-assessment tasks, this argues for objective measures of sleepiness and automated interventions and the design of systems that allow better quality sleep.Practitioner summary: Work can require processing of electronic messages, but 24/7 accessibility increases workload, causes fatigue and potentially creates security risks. Although most studies use people's self-reports, this study monitors time and clicks required to complete self-assessment rating scales. Sleepiness affected online responsivity, decreasing online accuracy and increasing response times and hypervigilance.
{"title":"Decisional style, sleepiness, and online responsiveness.","authors":"James G Phillips, Yang-Wai Chow, Rowan P Ogeil","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2288808","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2288808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As sleep problems can impair quality of work, an online questionnaire was used to examine relationships between sleepiness and decision making while obtaining unobtrusive indices of performance. Participants (<i>N</i> = 344) completed the Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire in a Qualtrics survey while reporting mobile phone use. Qualtrics recorded the time and the number of clicks required to complete each page of the survey. Multiple regression indicated that insomnia was associated with daytime sleepiness and Hypervigilance, and mobile phone use before bed. Participants with moderate sleepiness required a greater number of clicks to complete the questionnaire. Greater sleepiness was associated with longer times to complete these self-assessment tasks. Clinically significant sleepiness produces changes in performance that can be detected from online responsivity. As sleepy individuals can be appreciably and quantitatively slower in performing subjective self-assessment tasks, this argues for objective measures of sleepiness and automated interventions and the design of systems that allow better quality sleep.<b>Practitioner summary</b>: Work can require processing of electronic messages, but 24/7 accessibility increases workload, causes fatigue and potentially creates security risks. Although most studies use people's self-reports, this study monitors time and clicks required to complete self-assessment rating scales. Sleepiness affected online responsivity, decreasing online accuracy and increasing response times and hypervigilance.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138441598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2289855
Lin Xing, Norsaadah Zakaria, Wan Syazehan Ruznan
Lower limb body shape is important in the design of functional pants. The skin, muscles, and body shapes of the lower limbs of wheelchair users may differ from healthy people because of the different shapes of their legs and the prolonged seating position. This study aimed to classify the shapes of the lower limbs of adult female wheelchair users. The lower body measurement of 384 female wheelchair users was obtained. The principal component analysis and two-step cluster analysis were used to categorise the body shapes into three different types and five different size standards. Based on the study findings, female wheelchairs have larger waist, belly, and hip circumferences than healthy individuals, with 89.3% of them having prominent hips. Therefore, the design and production of trousers for wheelchair users should take into consideration the classification of lower limb shapes and sizes reported in this study.Practitioner summary: This work initiated the investigation of human body size assessment of clothes for handicapped persons in China, allowing paraplegic female wheelchair users to wear adapted trousers.
{"title":"Classification of lower limb body shapes of paralysed female wheelchair users in Hebei, China: analysis of anthropometric data using clustering approach.","authors":"Lin Xing, Norsaadah Zakaria, Wan Syazehan Ruznan","doi":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2289855","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00140139.2023.2289855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower limb body shape is important in the design of functional pants. The skin, muscles, and body shapes of the lower limbs of wheelchair users may differ from healthy people because of the different shapes of their legs and the prolonged seating position. This study aimed to classify the shapes of the lower limbs of adult female wheelchair users. The lower body measurement of 384 female wheelchair users was obtained. The principal component analysis and two-step cluster analysis were used to categorise the body shapes into three different types and five different size standards. Based on the study findings, female wheelchairs have larger waist, belly, and hip circumferences than healthy individuals, with 89.3% of them having prominent hips. Therefore, the design and production of trousers for wheelchair users should take into consideration the classification of lower limb shapes and sizes reported in this study.<b>Practitioner summary:</b> This work initiated the investigation of human body size assessment of clothes for handicapped persons in China, allowing paraplegic female wheelchair users to wear adapted trousers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50503,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}