Control Engineering Practice最新文献

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Joint non-invasive identification of an electrochemical and thermal model for an ultra high-power Li-ion pouch cell

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106228

Andrea Trivella, Stefano Radrizzani, Matteo Corno, Sergio M. Savaresi

Accurate physical models of battery cells are required to design safe and reliable Battery Management Systems (BMSs). Due to the safety-critical nature of cell voltage and temperature, both the electrical and thermal behavior of the cell need to be precisely predicted. In this work, an electrochemical – the Single Particle Model (SPM) – and a lumped thermal model are experimentally identified and validated for an ultra high-power pouch cell. To ease its application, the proposed identification procedure is based exclusively on non-invasive tests, i.e., requiring only voltage, current, and temperature measurements. Specifically, the identification protocol is based on two steps: (1) the equilibrium potentials are identified from quasi-static tests; (2) the kinetics and thermal parameters are jointly optimized from a highly dynamic current profile. Due to the high power requirements, the considered pouch cell is always kept pressed by an external fixture, which is properly considered in the modeling and identification. The SPM is compared with a first-order Equivalent Circuit Model (ECM) and the validation is finally performed on two different dynamic tests, showing the good capability of the identified electrochemical and thermal model to match the measured outputs (voltage and temperature) while giving an insight on the internal cell states.

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引用次数: 0

Predictive control of a general water distribution system by using sequential linear programming

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106232

Blaž Korotaj, Mario Vašak

The paper focusses on water distribution systems (WDSs) of a general configuration, whose operation profile is decided by solving a sequential linear program (SLP). The paper introduces linearization procedure for a general network. The necessary SLP mathematical form for a general WDS is also derived. Cost function and all the constraints for the WDS optimization are elaborated. To validate the approach, the derived procedure is applied to a toy example and to a large segment of a WDS from a city in Spain. The results are compared with the operation policy obtained using hysteresis control and substantial operational costs reduction possibilities are demonstrated while respecting all WDS constraints.

引用次数: 0

Practical fault-tolerant control allocation based on attainable control set analysis for a coaxial dodecacopter

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106235

Dain Yoon, Kyung-Mi Na, Jayden Dongwoo Lee, Chang-Hun Lee, Hyochoong Bang

This paper presents a fault-tolerant control (FTC) strategy for an over-actuated system, specifically focusing on a coaxial dodecacopter experiencing actuator faults. This topic has not been extensively investigated in this field due to its complexity. Initially, the static controllability of the system under various fault conditions is analyzed using the attainable control set. Building on these findings, an FTC allocation strategy is developed to address each fault case effectively. The proposed FTC method employs quadratic programming to satisfy actuator control input constraints and integrates a pseudo-inverse technique to reduce the average computation time. The effectiveness of the proposed control allocation is demonstrated through numerical simulations, comparing it with previous FTC methods. Subsequently, experiments conducted on a coaxial dodecacopter mounted on a test jig validate the efficacy and practicality of the proposed FTC algorithm in addressing a single motor failure within a real-world environment. The video of the experimental validation can be found at https://youtu.be/ayYy44Vw-S8.

{"title":"Practical fault-tolerant control allocation based on attainable control set analysis for a coaxial dodecacopter","authors":"Dain Yoon, Kyung-Mi Na, Jayden Dongwoo Lee, Chang-Hun Lee, Hyochoong Bang","doi":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a fault-tolerant control (FTC) strategy for an over-actuated system, specifically focusing on a coaxial dodecacopter experiencing actuator faults. This topic has not been extensively investigated in this field due to its complexity. Initially, the static controllability of the system under various fault conditions is analyzed using the attainable control set. Building on these findings, an FTC allocation strategy is developed to address each fault case effectively. The proposed FTC method employs quadratic programming to satisfy actuator control input constraints and integrates a pseudo-inverse technique to reduce the average computation time. The effectiveness of the proposed control allocation is demonstrated through numerical simulations, comparing it with previous FTC methods. Subsequently, experiments conducted on a coaxial dodecacopter mounted on a test jig validate the efficacy and practicality of the proposed FTC algorithm in addressing a single motor failure within a real-world environment. The video of the experimental validation can be found at <span><span>https://youtu.be/ayYy44Vw-S8</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50615,"journal":{"name":"Control Engineering Practice","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 106235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multimode residual monitoring of particle concentration in flue gas from Fluid Catalytic Cracking regenerator

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106227

Chunmeng Zhu , Nan Liu , Mengxuan Zhang , Zeng Li , Yuhui Li , Xiaogang Shi , Xingying Lan

The reactor-regenerator system Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) highly relies on stable catalyst cycling. However, the FCC unit usually operates in multiple modes to accommodate feedstock properties, catalyst characteristics, and variations in operating parameters. Multiple operating modes exhibit different flow and separation performances within the unit, resulting in different statistical characteristics of the particle size distribution and the amount of catalyst loss under normal conditions. It brings significant challenges for process monitoring methods to accurately predict catalyst loss for multiple modes and to enhance distinguishability between transition and anomaly modes due to complex non-stationary characteristics. In this work, a Multimode Fusion Residual monitoring model using the Long Short-Term Memory encoder–decoder (MFR-LSTM) is proposed to analyze the catalyst loss in a 2.8 million t/a FCC unit. The MFR-LSTM integrates a multimode prediction module and an adaptive attention module to extract mode-specific characteristics and temporal dependencies across modes to approximate the first principles of physical/chemical relationships among different features under normal catalyst loss status. In addition, it captures the evolution from normal to fault conditions by monitoring residual variations with an adaptive threshold. Results show that the MFR-LSTM model outperforms the single model in both the stable and transition modes, with an improvement in the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of approximately 20% and 15%, respectively, demonstrating acceptable stability performance. Furthermore, the generalization performance of the model is confirmed with multiple particle size distribution in different modes.

{"title":"Multimode residual monitoring of particle concentration in flue gas from Fluid Catalytic Cracking regenerator","authors":"Chunmeng Zhu , Nan Liu , Mengxuan Zhang , Zeng Li , Yuhui Li , Xiaogang Shi , Xingying Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reactor-regenerator system Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) highly relies on stable catalyst cycling. However, the FCC unit usually operates in multiple modes to accommodate feedstock properties, catalyst characteristics, and variations in operating parameters. Multiple operating modes exhibit different flow and separation performances within the unit, resulting in different statistical characteristics of the particle size distribution and the amount of catalyst loss under normal conditions. It brings significant challenges for process monitoring methods to accurately predict catalyst loss for multiple modes and to enhance distinguishability between transition and anomaly modes due to complex non-stationary characteristics. In this work, a Multimode Fusion Residual monitoring model using the Long Short-Term Memory encoder–decoder (MFR-LSTM) is proposed to analyze the catalyst loss in a 2.8 million t/a FCC unit. The MFR-LSTM integrates a multimode prediction module and an adaptive attention module to extract mode-specific characteristics and temporal dependencies across modes to approximate the first principles of physical/chemical relationships among different features under normal catalyst loss status. In addition, it captures the evolution from normal to fault conditions by monitoring residual variations with an adaptive threshold. Results show that the MFR-LSTM model outperforms the single model in both the stable and transition modes, with an improvement in the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of approximately 20% and 15%, respectively, demonstrating acceptable stability performance. Furthermore, the generalization performance of the model is confirmed with multiple particle size distribution in different modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50615,"journal":{"name":"Control Engineering Practice","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 106227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel decentralized cooperative architecture for energy storage systems providing frequency support services

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106221

Virginia Casella , Giulio Ferro , Alessandra Parisio , Michela Robba , Mansueto Rossi

This paper introduces an innovative decentralized architecture designed specifically for the dynamic droop assignment of aggregated and cooperative Energy Storage Systems (ESS) within the context of frequency support services. The primary objective is to address the challenges associated with efficient droop curve sharing among ESS units, considering operational limits and global power/frequency curve satisfaction as coupling constraints. The overall optimization problem has been tackled using an ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers)-based decentralized optimization algorithm resulting in a cooperative optimization strategy.

引用次数: 0

Distinguishable attack and fault detection in Interconnected cyber–physical systems

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106216

Chun Liu , Yue Shi , Shuo Zhou , Liang Xu , Yang Li

This paper delves into the intricate challenge of discerning anomalies within interconnected cyber–physical systems (ICPSs), especially when confronted with intertwined faults and cyber attacks. At the outset, the cyber attack detection capability of the unknown input observer (UIO) is improved with the combination of the neighboring state augmentation and redundancy detection techniques. This is followed by the design of a Luenberger observer(LO)-based fault detection strategy that integrates both the physical-interlinked information with neighbors and the local output collections, thus ensuring robust fault detection performance, even amidst attacks. Expanding on this, residual-based distinguishable attack and fault detection metrics are devised and the interoperability of the dual UIO and LO guarantees the simultaneous differentiation of interleaved-action faults and cyber attacks. Concluding the discourse, the results from case study in ICPSs validate the efficacy of the proposed strategy for detection, which utilizes a dual observer-based approach for distinct identification.

{"title":"Distinguishable attack and fault detection in Interconnected cyber–physical systems","authors":"Chun Liu , Yue Shi , Shuo Zhou , Liang Xu , Yang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper delves into the intricate challenge of discerning anomalies within interconnected cyber–physical systems (ICPSs), especially when confronted with intertwined faults and cyber attacks. At the outset, the cyber attack detection capability of the unknown input observer (UIO) is improved with the combination of the neighboring state augmentation and redundancy detection techniques. This is followed by the design of a Luenberger observer(LO)-based fault detection strategy that integrates both the physical-interlinked information with neighbors and the local output collections, thus ensuring robust fault detection performance, even amidst attacks. Expanding on this, residual-based distinguishable attack and fault detection metrics are devised and the interoperability of the dual UIO and LO guarantees the simultaneous differentiation of interleaved-action faults and cyber attacks. Concluding the discourse, the results from case study in ICPSs validate the efficacy of the proposed strategy for detection, which utilizes a dual observer-based approach for distinct identification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50615,"journal":{"name":"Control Engineering Practice","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 106216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probabilistic prediction of wind farm power generation using non-crossing quantile regression

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106226

Yu Huang , Xuxin Li , Dui Li , Zongshi Zhang , Tangwen Yin , Hongtian Chen

The probabilistic prediction of energy generation by a wind farm quantifies the volatility of wind power. Thus, accurate probabilistic predictions can provide valuable information for grid dispatching and a basis for reliability assessment for safe operation. However, the inherent stochasticity and instability of wind power generation and the quantile crossover problem of traditional quantile regression neural networks pose challenges for prediction. Therefore, this study proposes a wind power probabilistic prediction model using a non-crossing quantile regression neural network (NCQRNN). A data preprocessing method using time-varying filtering empirical mode decomposition (TVFEMD) is introduced to reduce the volatility and sophistication of the wind power series. The NCQRNN model is designed to incorporate the monotonicity constraints and predict the results of multiple quantiles simultaneously. Furthermore, the predicted conditional quantiles are mathematically proven to not exhibit any crossover phenomena. The wind power data from Elia Grid, Belgium, is used to verify the prediction effectiveness of the proposed method. The obtained results indicate that the proposed probabilistic prediction model addresses the quantile crossover issue while adequately extracting the nonlinear and temporal features of the wind power series. This method accurately quantifies the uncertainty of wind power with high prediction efficiency and accuracy.

{"title":"Probabilistic prediction of wind farm power generation using non-crossing quantile regression","authors":"Yu Huang , Xuxin Li , Dui Li , Zongshi Zhang , Tangwen Yin , Hongtian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The probabilistic prediction of energy generation by a wind farm quantifies the volatility of wind power. Thus, accurate probabilistic predictions can provide valuable information for grid dispatching and a basis for reliability assessment for safe operation. However, the inherent stochasticity and instability of wind power generation and the quantile crossover problem of traditional quantile regression neural networks pose challenges for prediction. Therefore, this study proposes a wind power probabilistic prediction model using a non-crossing quantile regression neural network (NCQRNN). A data preprocessing method using time-varying filtering empirical mode decomposition (TVFEMD) is introduced to reduce the volatility and sophistication of the wind power series. The NCQRNN model is designed to incorporate the monotonicity constraints and predict the results of multiple quantiles simultaneously. Furthermore, the predicted conditional quantiles are mathematically proven to not exhibit any crossover phenomena. The wind power data from Elia Grid, Belgium, is used to verify the prediction effectiveness of the proposed method. The obtained results indicate that the proposed probabilistic prediction model addresses the quantile crossover issue while adequately extracting the nonlinear and temporal features of the wind power series. This method accurately quantifies the uncertainty of wind power with high prediction efficiency and accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50615,"journal":{"name":"Control Engineering Practice","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 106226"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydraulic actuator control based on continuous higher order sliding modes

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106218

Manuel A. Estrada , Michael Ruderman , Oscar Texis-Loaiza , Leonid Fridman

This paper presents the robust trajectory tracking of a hydraulic cylinder using an output feedback sliding mode technique. The proposed control scheme relies only on measuring the position of the cylinder rod. A robust, exact, finite-time observer of the output’s derivatives is provided to attain the control goal. Then, a continuous third-order sliding mode controller for the system with relative degree three is designed using the estimated derivatives. It is shown that the separation principle can be used for the closed-loop system, which includes the higher-order sliding mode observer and the controller. The paper includes experimental results on a hydraulic setup in which a second energized cylinder is also connected in an antagonistic way to produce external dynamic disturbances and demonstrate the control method’s feasibility and robustness.

引用次数: 0

Process monitoring for tower pumping units under variable operational conditions: From an integrated multitasking perspective

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106229

Jiusi Zhang , Kun Qian , Hao Luo , Yuanhong Liu , Xinyu Qiao , Xiaoyi Xu , Jilun Tian

Accurately monitoring the safe operation and dynamometer diagram inference of tower pumping units is crucial for process monitoring on drilling platforms. This paper proposes an integrated multitasking intelligent tower pumping unit process monitoring scheme facing variable operational conditions. The scheme proposes an unsupervised fault detection approach utilizing a multi-head self-attention mechanism neural network with a modified denoising autoencoder for tower pumping units without faulty data. The network robustness and reconstruction ability are enhanced through a multi-head attention mechanism layer added to the bottleneck layer, thereby effectively accomplishing the fault detection task. Furthermore, the scheme establishes the mapping relationship between electrical parameters and corresponding operational conditions of tower pumping units through a learning-based algorithm, which enables operational condition identification under variable conditions. Moreover, the scheme proposes a dynamometer diagram inference approach for tower pumping units under variable conditions, which accurately estimates the suspended load and displacement, to achieve an efficient inference process. The effectiveness of the proposed integrated multitasking intelligent tower pumping unit process monitoring scheme is validated through the real-world data provided by the Daqing Petroleum Institute.

{"title":"Process monitoring for tower pumping units under variable operational conditions: From an integrated multitasking perspective","authors":"Jiusi Zhang , Kun Qian , Hao Luo , Yuanhong Liu , Xinyu Qiao , Xiaoyi Xu , Jilun Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately monitoring the safe operation and dynamometer diagram inference of tower pumping units is crucial for process monitoring on drilling platforms. This paper proposes an integrated multitasking intelligent tower pumping unit process monitoring scheme facing variable operational conditions. The scheme proposes an unsupervised fault detection approach utilizing a multi-head self-attention mechanism neural network with a modified denoising autoencoder for tower pumping units without faulty data. The network robustness and reconstruction ability are enhanced through a multi-head attention mechanism layer added to the bottleneck layer, thereby effectively accomplishing the fault detection task. Furthermore, the scheme establishes the mapping relationship between electrical parameters and corresponding operational conditions of tower pumping units through a learning-based algorithm, which enables operational condition identification under variable conditions. Moreover, the scheme proposes a dynamometer diagram inference approach for tower pumping units under variable conditions, which accurately estimates the suspended load and displacement, to achieve an efficient inference process. The effectiveness of the proposed integrated multitasking intelligent tower pumping unit process monitoring scheme is validated through the real-world data provided by the Daqing Petroleum Institute.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50615,"journal":{"name":"Control Engineering Practice","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 106229"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hierarchical optimization and nonlinear adaptive multiple input and multiple output (NAMIMO) control for two-speed dual-clutch gearshift system in electric vehicles

IF 5.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Control Engineering Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106231

Bolin He , Qiang Wei , Yong Chen , Changyin Wei

One critical bottleneck impeding the widespread adoption of dual-clutch automatic transmission in pure electric vehicles (EV) is the substantial gear shifting jerk and considerable sliding friction work generated during the gear shifting process. This is due to the significant speed gap between different gears during gear shifting in EV transmissions compared to traditional internal combustion engine transmissions. To address the challenges, this study proposes a novel hierarchical gear shifting control strategy. The upper-layer strategy grounded in a global perspective, achieves non-power-interrupted shifting without power attenuation, thereby minimizing the gear shifting jerk. The middle-layer strategy integrates with the upper-layer strategy to generate gear shifting reference trajectories for torque and inertia phase, respectively, thereby minimizing clutch sliding friction work.The lower-layer strategy employs feedforward and backstepping methods based on the reference trajectories to control the torque phase and inertia phase shifting actions respectively. Additionally, it incorporates a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) for the inertia phase controller to achieve nonlinear adaptive multi-input and multi-output (NAMIMO) control, enabling the clutch to adaptively compensate for motor speed regulation. So that the motor can achieve speed adjustment quickly and accurately. Finally, the efficacy of the control strategy was validated on the MATLAB/Simulink platform under various initial torques and speeds. The effectiveness of the strategy and the accuracy of the simulation results were verified through test bench experiments.

{"title":"Hierarchical optimization and nonlinear adaptive multiple input and multiple output (NAMIMO) control for two-speed dual-clutch gearshift system in electric vehicles","authors":"Bolin He , Qiang Wei , Yong Chen , Changyin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.106231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One critical bottleneck impeding the widespread adoption of dual-clutch automatic transmission in pure electric vehicles (EV) is the substantial gear shifting jerk and considerable sliding friction work generated during the gear shifting process. This is due to the significant speed gap between different gears during gear shifting in EV transmissions compared to traditional internal combustion engine transmissions. To address the challenges, this study proposes a novel hierarchical gear shifting control strategy. The upper-layer strategy grounded in a global perspective, achieves non-power-interrupted shifting without power attenuation, thereby minimizing the gear shifting jerk. The middle-layer strategy integrates with the upper-layer strategy to generate gear shifting reference trajectories for torque and inertia phase, respectively, thereby minimizing clutch sliding friction work.The lower-layer strategy employs feedforward and backstepping methods based on the reference trajectories to control the torque phase and inertia phase shifting actions respectively. Additionally, it incorporates a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) for the inertia phase controller to achieve nonlinear adaptive multi-input and multi-output (NAMIMO) control, enabling the clutch to adaptively compensate for motor speed regulation. So that the motor can achieve speed adjustment quickly and accurately. Finally, the efficacy of the control strategy was validated on the MATLAB/Simulink platform under various initial torques and speeds. The effectiveness of the strategy and the accuracy of the simulation results were verified through test bench experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50615,"journal":{"name":"Control Engineering Practice","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 106231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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