Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012078
R. Suarez, E. Peñamante, L. Carrillo, R. Delfin, T. M. Gotostos, J. Patingan, A. V. Provido, C. M. Ramos, C. Tugade
Gauze pad wound dressing plays a crucial role in protecting the wound and preventing it from factors that can prolong the healing process. However, due to the porous nature of gauze pads, it cannot completely block microbes from getting into the wound. This study analyzes coconut tree fiber as a gauze pad infused with guava derived phenolic compounds, known for its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The research assesses the extract’s effectiveness, focusing on phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial effects. By employing the disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, the study reveals that both 50% and 30% extracts exhibit inhibitory activity, with mean zones of inhibition at 8.5 mm and 8.33 mm, respectively, showing the antimicrobial property for both 50% and 30% extracts. The samples also demonstrated notable DPPH radical scavenging capacities for concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 1.27 (%w/v) for the 50% extract sample and from 0.006 to 1.25 for the 30% extract sample, ranging from 1.98% to 68.5% and 7.94% to 69.5%, respectively, indicating antioxidant property for both samples. The researchers have determined that there is no significant difference (p-value = 0.9187, α = 0.05) between the scavenging activity of both 50% and 30% extract. Furthermore, a minimal disparity in total phenolics was observed, with the former containing 1.25 and the latter 1.24 weight percent gallic acid. To determine if there is any negative skin reaction, a patch test was conducted in collaboration with a dermatologist using Stanford Health Care Medicine Standard. The test revealed no adverse skin reactions after three days of no removal usage of the coconut tree fiber gauze pad infused with phenolic compounds, as compared to a commercially available gauze pad. This study underscores the promise of guava extract and its antibacterial properties, particularly against skin pathogens, and its safe application when integrated with coconut fiber. This combination holds potential as a natural antimicrobial agent with diverse applications.
{"title":"Analysis of gauze pad made from coconut tree fiber infused with guava derived phenolic compounds","authors":"R. Suarez, E. Peñamante, L. Carrillo, R. Delfin, T. M. Gotostos, J. Patingan, A. V. Provido, C. M. Ramos, C. Tugade","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012078","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Gauze pad wound dressing plays a crucial role in protecting the wound and preventing it from factors that can prolong the healing process. However, due to the porous nature of gauze pads, it cannot completely block microbes from getting into the wound. This study analyzes coconut tree fiber as a gauze pad infused with guava derived phenolic compounds, known for its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The research assesses the extract’s effectiveness, focusing on phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial effects. By employing the disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, the study reveals that both 50% and 30% extracts exhibit inhibitory activity, with mean zones of inhibition at 8.5 mm and 8.33 mm, respectively, showing the antimicrobial property for both 50% and 30% extracts. The samples also demonstrated notable DPPH radical scavenging capacities for concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 1.27 (%w/v) for the 50% extract sample and from 0.006 to 1.25 for the 30% extract sample, ranging from 1.98% to 68.5% and 7.94% to 69.5%, respectively, indicating antioxidant property for both samples. The researchers have determined that there is no significant difference (p-value = 0.9187, α = 0.05) between the scavenging activity of both 50% and 30% extract. Furthermore, a minimal disparity in total phenolics was observed, with the former containing 1.25 and the latter 1.24 weight percent gallic acid. To determine if there is any negative skin reaction, a patch test was conducted in collaboration with a dermatologist using Stanford Health Care Medicine Standard. The test revealed no adverse skin reactions after three days of no removal usage of the coconut tree fiber gauze pad infused with phenolic compounds, as compared to a commercially available gauze pad. This study underscores the promise of guava extract and its antibacterial properties, particularly against skin pathogens, and its safe application when integrated with coconut fiber. This combination holds potential as a natural antimicrobial agent with diverse applications.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012023
T M Sun, A. S. M. Khairuddin, T. K. Soon, L. L. Pang, X R Wang, J S Wu, Z. J. Zheng, A. Novikovs
To address the challenges associated with winter heating in high-latitude regions of China, solar-assisted biogas heating systems have emerged as the predominant focus of research due to their cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and environmentally friendly attributes. However, traditional solar-assisted biogas heating systems encounter issues of low efficiency and limited practicality resulting from unstable solar radiation and extreme ambient temperatures during the heating season. To improve the economy and stability of the system, this study proposed a novel operational control method for a small-scale energy station system in rural regions of North China, named Solar-Biomass-Air Source Heat Pump Hybrid Heating System (SBHP-HHS). The integration of solar energy, biogas energy, and air-source heat pump (ASHP) systems in this proposed work has shown to create effective complementarity and enhances the production efficiency of the existing system. Test and simulation studies have been carried out for this system. The layout of buildings and equipment within a university campus in Beijing is reconfigured and redesigned, incorporating an ASHP into the existing heat source configuration. To begin with, a mathematical model is established for the complementary heating system that incorporates solar energy, a biogas digester, and an ASHP. Subsequently, a dynamic simulation model is developed using the TRNSYS platform, and a corresponding operational control strategy for the multi-energy complementary heating system is proposed. Dynamic simulation and analysis of the newly implemented system are performed using the TRNSYS platform, focusing on energy flow and thermodynamic performance. Throughout the heating season, the solar-biogas integrated system achieves a remarkable assurance rate of up to 79%. Additionally, ASHP maintains a relatively high heating efficiency, coefficient of performance (COP) reaches 3.02. Finally, an economic evaluation of the multi-energy complementary system was conducted based on the annual cost method. This was compared with the clean approach of using only an ASHP unit. The results indicate that the SBHP-HHS is more economical when the anticipated useful life is 6 years or longer. The results indicate that the proposed can achieve significant energy-saving and carbon-reduction benefits in rural areas, catering to their heating needs.
{"title":"Solar-assisted biogas system with air-source heat pump for the energy-saving of indoor heating in north China","authors":"T M Sun, A. S. M. Khairuddin, T. K. Soon, L. L. Pang, X R Wang, J S Wu, Z. J. Zheng, A. Novikovs","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To address the challenges associated with winter heating in high-latitude regions of China, solar-assisted biogas heating systems have emerged as the predominant focus of research due to their cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and environmentally friendly attributes. However, traditional solar-assisted biogas heating systems encounter issues of low efficiency and limited practicality resulting from unstable solar radiation and extreme ambient temperatures during the heating season. To improve the economy and stability of the system, this study proposed a novel operational control method for a small-scale energy station system in rural regions of North China, named Solar-Biomass-Air Source Heat Pump Hybrid Heating System (SBHP-HHS). The integration of solar energy, biogas energy, and air-source heat pump (ASHP) systems in this proposed work has shown to create effective complementarity and enhances the production efficiency of the existing system. Test and simulation studies have been carried out for this system. The layout of buildings and equipment within a university campus in Beijing is reconfigured and redesigned, incorporating an ASHP into the existing heat source configuration. To begin with, a mathematical model is established for the complementary heating system that incorporates solar energy, a biogas digester, and an ASHP. Subsequently, a dynamic simulation model is developed using the TRNSYS platform, and a corresponding operational control strategy for the multi-energy complementary heating system is proposed. Dynamic simulation and analysis of the newly implemented system are performed using the TRNSYS platform, focusing on energy flow and thermodynamic performance. Throughout the heating season, the solar-biogas integrated system achieves a remarkable assurance rate of up to 79%. Additionally, ASHP maintains a relatively high heating efficiency, coefficient of performance (COP) reaches 3.02. Finally, an economic evaluation of the multi-energy complementary system was conducted based on the annual cost method. This was compared with the clean approach of using only an ASHP unit. The results indicate that the SBHP-HHS is more economical when the anticipated useful life is 6 years or longer. The results indicate that the proposed can achieve significant energy-saving and carbon-reduction benefits in rural areas, catering to their heating needs.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012021
V. Tai, Yong Chai Tan, L. K. Moey, Norzaura Abd Rahman, David Baglee, L. Saw
The planning and development of windfarms require accurate prediction of the thrust coefficient (cT ) of wind turbines, which significantly affects the downstream wake. Traditional methods, such as blade element momentum theory (BEMT), often necessitate detailed geometric information of wind turbines for cT computation, information that is not frequently available, especially in the early stages of windfarm planning. This paper aims to address this challenge by presenting a novel and efficient approach to predict cT for horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs). The proposed method integrates classical momentum theory with power curve data to estimate the average axial induction factor (a), thereby enabling the calculation of cT without requiring detailed geometric information of HAWTs. The method was validated against thirty-five existing pitch-controlled HAWTs, with R2 values ranging from 0.9604 to 0.9989. This validation confirms the accuracy of the method, making it a viable alternative to traditional techniques that demand comprehensive wind turbine geometric details. The method has demonstrated both rapidity and precision in cT computation for turbine wake analysis, ensuring high levels of prediction accuracy and potentially lowering the barrier to entry for windfarm development. Unlike existing models predominantly focused on wind turbine power curves, cT modelling has largely been overlooked. This study makes a unique contribution to the field by proposing a novel method for cT prediction, thereby filling a critical gap in windfarm planning and development. However, while the study shows promising results, further research is warranted to explore its applicability in diverse windfarm scenarios and turbine configurations.
{"title":"A method for fast and accurate prediction of wind turbine thrust coefficients using classical momentum theory and power curve","authors":"V. Tai, Yong Chai Tan, L. K. Moey, Norzaura Abd Rahman, David Baglee, L. Saw","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The planning and development of windfarms require accurate prediction of the thrust coefficient (cT\u0000 ) of wind turbines, which significantly affects the downstream wake. Traditional methods, such as blade element momentum theory (BEMT), often necessitate detailed geometric information of wind turbines for cT\u0000 computation, information that is not frequently available, especially in the early stages of windfarm planning. This paper aims to address this challenge by presenting a novel and efficient approach to predict cT\u0000 for horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs). The proposed method integrates classical momentum theory with power curve data to estimate the average axial induction factor (a), thereby enabling the calculation of cT\u0000 without requiring detailed geometric information of HAWTs. The method was validated against thirty-five existing pitch-controlled HAWTs, with R2 values ranging from 0.9604 to 0.9989. This validation confirms the accuracy of the method, making it a viable alternative to traditional techniques that demand comprehensive wind turbine geometric details. The method has demonstrated both rapidity and precision in cT\u0000 computation for turbine wake analysis, ensuring high levels of prediction accuracy and potentially lowering the barrier to entry for windfarm development. Unlike existing models predominantly focused on wind turbine power curves, cT\u0000 modelling has largely been overlooked. This study makes a unique contribution to the field by proposing a novel method for cT\u0000 prediction, thereby filling a critical gap in windfarm planning and development. However, while the study shows promising results, further research is warranted to explore its applicability in diverse windfarm scenarios and turbine configurations.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012051
Thuat T. Trinh, Khanh-Quang Tran
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass has garnered increasing attention as a promising pathway for converting solid biomass to liquid biofuels and valuable chemical products. HTL involves processing of biomass in water at high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The heating rate during this process plays a critical role in determining the yield and composition of the liquefied products. To probe the impact of heating rate, we develop a detailed atomistic model biomass by using cellulose as model compound and place it in a simulated HTL reactor. Our Reactive molecular dynamics simulations are capable of capturing the dynamic chemical reactions and structural changes during HTL. The effect of reaction temperature and heating rates on reaction pathways, product distributions, and reaction kinetics is rigorously analyzed. Our findings reveal that the reaction temperature and heating rate significantly influences the extent of cellulose degradation and the composition of bio-oil product.
{"title":"On application of molecular dynamics simulation for studying the effect of temperature and heating rate on HTL of biomass","authors":"Thuat T. Trinh, Khanh-Quang Tran","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass has garnered increasing attention as a promising pathway for converting solid biomass to liquid biofuels and valuable chemical products. HTL involves processing of biomass in water at high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The heating rate during this process plays a critical role in determining the yield and composition of the liquefied products. To probe the impact of heating rate, we develop a detailed atomistic model biomass by using cellulose as model compound and place it in a simulated HTL reactor. Our Reactive molecular dynamics simulations are capable of capturing the dynamic chemical reactions and structural changes during HTL. The effect of reaction temperature and heating rates on reaction pathways, product distributions, and reaction kinetics is rigorously analyzed. Our findings reveal that the reaction temperature and heating rate significantly influences the extent of cellulose degradation and the composition of bio-oil product.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012063
D. Manirampa, P. Chaiwiwatworakul
In the wake of COP26 and the growing urgency of addressing climate change, achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 has become a central global objective. This imperative extends to industries like computer hardware manufacturing, which are now actively pursuing decarbonization strategies through the strategic adoption of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency enhancements. This research paper assessed the CO2 emission mitigation potential of a hybrid system of photovoltaic (PV) roof and cogeneration where a large factory of computer hardware manufacturing in tropical Thailand was selected as a study site. On one hand, a one-Megawatt photovoltaic system was installed over the roof of the production building to generate electricity from solar radiation to serve the building. On the other hand, a twenty-four-Megawatt cogeneration system of gas engines as the prime mover was used to supply power to meet the building’s electricity demand. Waste heat from the gas engine was used by the absorption chiller to generate chilled water for cooling inside the building. Based on the system equipment specifications, the annual simulation using Thailand’s solar radiation showed that the installed photovoltaic system could generate electricity of 1,412.4 MWhelec/year while the implementation of the absorption chillers for cooling helped to reduce the electrical energy consumed by the traditional electric chiller by 10,211.4 MWhelec/year. In our study case where the CO2 emission of the grid power was 0.4758 kgCO2/kWhelec in the year 2022 and was reduced to 0.350 kgCO2/kWhelec in the year 2050, the total CO2 emission mitigation from the hybrid photovoltaic and cogeneration system with the genset efficiency of 50% and the waste heat recovery of 60% could reduce approximately 207,388.5TonCO2 for over 20 years as compared to the scenario where the grid electricity alone powered the building. These findings underscored the critical role of the proposed hybrid system in addressing the climate crisis and exemplified how the industry could make meaningful strides toward more environmental sustainability.
{"title":"CO2 emission mitigation of a hybrid photovoltaic and cogeneration system in computer hardware manufacturing industry: A case study in Thailand","authors":"D. Manirampa, P. Chaiwiwatworakul","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012063","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the wake of COP26 and the growing urgency of addressing climate change, achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 has become a central global objective. This imperative extends to industries like computer hardware manufacturing, which are now actively pursuing decarbonization strategies through the strategic adoption of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency enhancements. This research paper assessed the CO2 emission mitigation potential of a hybrid system of photovoltaic (PV) roof and cogeneration where a large factory of computer hardware manufacturing in tropical Thailand was selected as a study site. On one hand, a one-Megawatt photovoltaic system was installed over the roof of the production building to generate electricity from solar radiation to serve the building. On the other hand, a twenty-four-Megawatt cogeneration system of gas engines as the prime mover was used to supply power to meet the building’s electricity demand. Waste heat from the gas engine was used by the absorption chiller to generate chilled water for cooling inside the building. Based on the system equipment specifications, the annual simulation using Thailand’s solar radiation showed that the installed photovoltaic system could generate electricity of 1,412.4 MWhelec/year while the implementation of the absorption chillers for cooling helped to reduce the electrical energy consumed by the traditional electric chiller by 10,211.4 MWhelec/year. In our study case where the CO2 emission of the grid power was 0.4758 kgCO2/kWhelec in the year 2022 and was reduced to 0.350 kgCO2/kWhelec in the year 2050, the total CO2 emission mitigation from the hybrid photovoltaic and cogeneration system with the genset efficiency of 50% and the waste heat recovery of 60% could reduce approximately 207,388.5TonCO2 for over 20 years as compared to the scenario where the grid electricity alone powered the building. These findings underscored the critical role of the proposed hybrid system in addressing the climate crisis and exemplified how the industry could make meaningful strides toward more environmental sustainability.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012012
G. Putra, N. Putra
Thermal energy storage technologies have been widely used to mitigate intermittency from renewable energy such as solar energy. Phase change material (PCM) is a certain material that can be used as a heat storage medium and is available in a wide range of operating temperatures. Molten salt is one of the PCMs that has the advantage of a very high operating temperature. The PCM solidification simulation based on HitecXL molten salt using COMSOL Multiphysics software will be carried out with variations in heat absorption of 1 - 5 kW/m2, assuming constant heat absorption. The results show that the PCM solidification process starts from the surface of the Stirling engine heat exchanger pipe. The part of the PCM that has been solidified will fall following the direction of gravity and cause a phenomenon such as a droplet. The flow that occurs is a natural flow caused by the buoyancy force due to changes in density due to temperature gradients in the solidification process. The time required for the PCM to completely solidify is closely related to the amount of heat absorption. The greater the heat absorption from the pipe, the faster the PCM to fully solidified.
{"title":"Simulation on solidification process of molten salt-based phase change material as thermal energy storage medium for application in Stirling engine","authors":"G. Putra, N. Putra","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thermal energy storage technologies have been widely used to mitigate intermittency from renewable energy such as solar energy. Phase change material (PCM) is a certain material that can be used as a heat storage medium and is available in a wide range of operating temperatures. Molten salt is one of the PCMs that has the advantage of a very high operating temperature. The PCM solidification simulation based on HitecXL molten salt using COMSOL Multiphysics software will be carried out with variations in heat absorption of 1 - 5 kW/m2, assuming constant heat absorption. The results show that the PCM solidification process starts from the surface of the Stirling engine heat exchanger pipe. The part of the PCM that has been solidified will fall following the direction of gravity and cause a phenomenon such as a droplet. The flow that occurs is a natural flow caused by the buoyancy force due to changes in density due to temperature gradients in the solidification process. The time required for the PCM to completely solidify is closely related to the amount of heat absorption. The greater the heat absorption from the pipe, the faster the PCM to fully solidified.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141689154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012106
B. Harshil, G. Nagababu
In numerous countries worldwide, adopting electric vehicles (EVs) is gaining momentum as a proactive measure to mitigate the detrimental environmental impacts of traditional fuel-powered automobiles. This shift drives exponential growth in the adoption of EVs, prompting the need for comprehensive analysis to optimize charging infrastructure requirements. Developing reliable and sustainable charging infrastructure depends on practical and strategic site selection of EV charging stations. The main challenge is finding a charging solution that maximizes efficiency within limited financial resources. The present review critically assesses methodologies for selecting optimal EV charging station sites, considering technical, environmental, social, and economic factors. Special emphasis is given to social factors such as population density and service accessibility, as well as technical factors like vehicle battery life, charging time, and grid capacity. Environmental impact and feasibility are also vital criteria under evaluation. Through a synthesis of insights from various studies, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing models used in EV charging infrastructure site selection. The findings contribute valuable insights for decision-makers, city planners, and other stakeholders in creating sustainable EV charging networks amidst the dynamic landscape of electric mobility.
{"title":"Strategies and models for optimal EV charging station site selection","authors":"B. Harshil, G. Nagababu","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012106","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In numerous countries worldwide, adopting electric vehicles (EVs) is gaining momentum as a proactive measure to mitigate the detrimental environmental impacts of traditional fuel-powered automobiles. This shift drives exponential growth in the adoption of EVs, prompting the need for comprehensive analysis to optimize charging infrastructure requirements. Developing reliable and sustainable charging infrastructure depends on practical and strategic site selection of EV charging stations. The main challenge is finding a charging solution that maximizes efficiency within limited financial resources. The present review critically assesses methodologies for selecting optimal EV charging station sites, considering technical, environmental, social, and economic factors. Special emphasis is given to social factors such as population density and service accessibility, as well as technical factors like vehicle battery life, charging time, and grid capacity. Environmental impact and feasibility are also vital criteria under evaluation. Through a synthesis of insights from various studies, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing models used in EV charging infrastructure site selection. The findings contribute valuable insights for decision-makers, city planners, and other stakeholders in creating sustainable EV charging networks amidst the dynamic landscape of electric mobility.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012043
C. Tugade, C. Pescos, C.A.L. Caliwag, C.D.V. Centeno, J.D.C. Tan, Q.M.D Malveda, R.C. Olivares, R.M. Chavez, L. Carrillo
Water is a necessary resource that must be carefully managed. Hazardous chemicals are produced with increased industrial activities and contamination has been detrimental to both people and the environment. An experimental investigation was performed to evaluate the efficiency of vortex technology, soil matrices, and oil skimmer separately for combination as a tertiary wastewater treatment in the design of a phytoremediation system. The objective of the study is to evaluate the performance of each component in removing oil and grease, reducing the concentration of ammonia, nitrate, and phosphate; quality control measures for dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, and chemical oxygen demand. One-way ANOVA, kinetics analysis, and adoption isotherm analysis were applied to determine the significance of the parameters. Analysis of results for the oil skimmer exhibited an efficiency of 96% in removing oil and grease after 5 hours of treatment. The vortex technology results were fluctuating with percentage removal of nitrates at 11% while ammonia with an initial concentration of 5.24 mg/L was reduced to 4.12 mg/L. Phosphate decreased after treatment from an initial of 0.87 mg/L to 0.809 mg/L. The analysis of pollutant concentration in the soil matrix after a 5-day period indicated a greater efficiency compared to the vortex technology in the removal of ammonia and phosphate. The ammonia concentration decreased from 18.7 mg/L and 21.4 mg/L to <0.1 mg/L. Similarly, phosphate concentration decreased from 15.5 mg/L to 1.13 mg/L and from 32.5 mg/L to 0.948 mg/L. The research finding underscores the efficiency of the soil matrix in removing ammonia and phosphate but recommends the need for additional intervention to lower nitrate. Overall, the three technologies showed potential and greater efficiencies in mitigating wastewater streams resulting in a notable reduction in oil and pollutant concentrations.
{"title":"Experimental soil matrix, vortex and oil skimming technology as a tertiary treatment of wastewater effluent","authors":"C. Tugade, C. Pescos, C.A.L. Caliwag, C.D.V. Centeno, J.D.C. Tan, Q.M.D Malveda, R.C. Olivares, R.M. Chavez, L. Carrillo","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Water is a necessary resource that must be carefully managed. Hazardous chemicals are produced with increased industrial activities and contamination has been detrimental to both people and the environment. An experimental investigation was performed to evaluate the efficiency of vortex technology, soil matrices, and oil skimmer separately for combination as a tertiary wastewater treatment in the design of a phytoremediation system. The objective of the study is to evaluate the performance of each component in removing oil and grease, reducing the concentration of ammonia, nitrate, and phosphate; quality control measures for dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, and chemical oxygen demand. One-way ANOVA, kinetics analysis, and adoption isotherm analysis were applied to determine the significance of the parameters. Analysis of results for the oil skimmer exhibited an efficiency of 96% in removing oil and grease after 5 hours of treatment. The vortex technology results were fluctuating with percentage removal of nitrates at 11% while ammonia with an initial concentration of 5.24 mg/L was reduced to 4.12 mg/L. Phosphate decreased after treatment from an initial of 0.87 mg/L to 0.809 mg/L. The analysis of pollutant concentration in the soil matrix after a 5-day period indicated a greater efficiency compared to the vortex technology in the removal of ammonia and phosphate. The ammonia concentration decreased from 18.7 mg/L and 21.4 mg/L to <0.1 mg/L. Similarly, phosphate concentration decreased from 15.5 mg/L to 1.13 mg/L and from 32.5 mg/L to 0.948 mg/L. The research finding underscores the efficiency of the soil matrix in removing ammonia and phosphate but recommends the need for additional intervention to lower nitrate. Overall, the three technologies showed potential and greater efficiencies in mitigating wastewater streams resulting in a notable reduction in oil and pollutant concentrations.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012014
R.A. Kusumadewi, N. Putra, S. Moersidik, S. Laksono, G. Putra, A.J.P. Utomo
Unlimited seawater resources resulted for utilization of desalination systems using seawater treatment process emerges as a promising technology for addressing the continually escalating need for freshwater. At present, the most notable desalination processes that are reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, multistage desalination, multiple-effect distillation, and electrodialysis, require energy generated by fossil fuels to obtain fresh water. Among the noteworthy sources of renewable energy, solar energy stands out with its manifold applications. The use of solar energy has strong advantages, such as a low maintenance and operation costs. In this study, a novel solar desalination system is introduced, which integrates tube heat pipe solar collector (THP-SC) equipped with phase change material (PCM). The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of THP-SC equipped with PCM and without PCM. The feedwater sample used is water. Parameters measured for 24 hours were temperature, solar radiation, ambient air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. The greatest recorded solar radiation at noon (11.52 a.m.) is 900 W/m2 while the maximum recorded ambient temperature at 12.45 p.m. is 35.2°C. The experimental study showed that from morning to afternoon (06.00-15.00), the temperature of the evaporator section of the heat pipe on the THP-SC without PCM (46.70-56.21°C) was higher than the temperature of the evaporator section of the heat pipe on the THP-SC with PCM (33.18-44.43°C). This is because solar radiation will heat the PCM first before heating the heat pipe. PCM can store heat energy and release it at night. This can be seen from the water temperature in THP-SC with PCM (28.39-36.03) which is higher than the water temperature in THP-SC without PCM (27.17-34.01) at night, but the temperature difference is not significant. This can be caused by the large amount of heat lost to the environment in THP-SC with PCM, it is best to coat the heat pipe tube with insulation and create a vacuum to reduce heat loss.
{"title":"Performance of tube heat pipe solar collector with phase change material for seawater desalination system","authors":"R.A. Kusumadewi, N. Putra, S. Moersidik, S. Laksono, G. Putra, A.J.P. Utomo","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Unlimited seawater resources resulted for utilization of desalination systems using seawater treatment process emerges as a promising technology for addressing the continually escalating need for freshwater. At present, the most notable desalination processes that are reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, multistage desalination, multiple-effect distillation, and electrodialysis, require energy generated by fossil fuels to obtain fresh water. Among the noteworthy sources of renewable energy, solar energy stands out with its manifold applications. The use of solar energy has strong advantages, such as a low maintenance and operation costs. In this study, a novel solar desalination system is introduced, which integrates tube heat pipe solar collector (THP-SC) equipped with phase change material (PCM). The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of THP-SC equipped with PCM and without PCM. The feedwater sample used is water. Parameters measured for 24 hours were temperature, solar radiation, ambient air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. The greatest recorded solar radiation at noon (11.52 a.m.) is 900 W/m2 while the maximum recorded ambient temperature at 12.45 p.m. is 35.2°C. The experimental study showed that from morning to afternoon (06.00-15.00), the temperature of the evaporator section of the heat pipe on the THP-SC without PCM (46.70-56.21°C) was higher than the temperature of the evaporator section of the heat pipe on the THP-SC with PCM (33.18-44.43°C). This is because solar radiation will heat the PCM first before heating the heat pipe. PCM can store heat energy and release it at night. This can be seen from the water temperature in THP-SC with PCM (28.39-36.03) which is higher than the water temperature in THP-SC without PCM (27.17-34.01) at night, but the temperature difference is not significant. This can be caused by the large amount of heat lost to the environment in THP-SC with PCM, it is best to coat the heat pipe tube with insulation and create a vacuum to reduce heat loss.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012071
N. A. Diana, R. A. A. Soemitro, J. J. Ekaputri, T. R. Satrya, D. Warnana
This article presents an innovative method of soil improvement cementing to increase the shearing strength of very loose sand with 10% relative density (Dr) in saline conditions. Salt in saline soils destroys the stability of stable soils. In contrast, the salt content reduces the level of homogenization of unstable soils, causes technical problems in calcareous soils, and affects their stability, especially if the salt content is more than 3.0%. The variations in salinity levels can determine the optimal percentage of salt levels in the stabilized soil. The application of biocementation to saline soil can drastically increase the shear strength of soil in soil with potential liquefaction in coastal areas due to earthquakes. Calcium carbonate deposition (MICP) in the microbial-induced biocementing process is a new method that utilizes the metabolic processes of microorganisms in this study using Bacillus sp. In the MICP process, microbes need Ca2+ ions obtained from fly ash, which can produce SiO2 and CaO to produce CaCO3 for binding between particles. Soil improvement was carried out by combining initial soil, fly ash, mycobacteria, and variations in salinity obtained from NaCl with varying percentages of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3,4% after testing at curing times 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The research samples from the UCS and direct shear tests showed that the shear and UC strength that were treated increased. The highest increase in shear strength was at 3,4% salinity at 28 days of 80.9°. CaCO3 production resulting from the binding between particles in the biocementing reaction can be seen from the results of SEM tests. Soil improvement using biocementing in this study resulted in an effective increase in the strength of loose sand soil in salinity condition.
{"title":"The influence of variations in salinity levels on the biocementing process on soil improvement of liquefaction potential","authors":"N. A. Diana, R. A. A. Soemitro, J. J. Ekaputri, T. R. Satrya, D. Warnana","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012071","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents an innovative method of soil improvement cementing to increase the shearing strength of very loose sand with 10% relative density (Dr) in saline conditions. Salt in saline soils destroys the stability of stable soils. In contrast, the salt content reduces the level of homogenization of unstable soils, causes technical problems in calcareous soils, and affects their stability, especially if the salt content is more than 3.0%. The variations in salinity levels can determine the optimal percentage of salt levels in the stabilized soil. The application of biocementation to saline soil can drastically increase the shear strength of soil in soil with potential liquefaction in coastal areas due to earthquakes. Calcium carbonate deposition (MICP) in the microbial-induced biocementing process is a new method that utilizes the metabolic processes of microorganisms in this study using Bacillus sp. In the MICP process, microbes need Ca2+ ions obtained from fly ash, which can produce SiO2 and CaO to produce CaCO3 for binding between particles. Soil improvement was carried out by combining initial soil, fly ash, mycobacteria, and variations in salinity obtained from NaCl with varying percentages of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3,4% after testing at curing times 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The research samples from the UCS and direct shear tests showed that the shear and UC strength that were treated increased. The highest increase in shear strength was at 3,4% salinity at 28 days of 80.9°. CaCO3 production resulting from the binding between particles in the biocementing reaction can be seen from the results of SEM tests. Soil improvement using biocementing in this study resulted in an effective increase in the strength of loose sand soil in salinity condition.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"71 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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