Computers & Structures最新文献_第8页

Experimental and numerical investigation of tramcar curve squeal under varying wheel-rail contact conditions 不同轮轨接触条件下有轨电车曲线噪声的实验与数值研究

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108040

Federico Castellini , Leonardo Faccini , Stefano Alfi , Egidio Di Gialleonardo , Roberto Corradi , Giacomo Squicciarini , David Thompson

The variability of curve squeal generated by a modern articulated tramcar is investigated through noise and vibration measurements at two sites and numerical simulations. Accelerometers on the leading wheels of the second car show that different vibration modes intermittently dominate the wheel vibration during curving, with squeal also detected on the outer wheel. To study low-adhesion conditions, the track is artificially wetted. A reduction of nearly 15 dBA in Single Event Levels is obtained after water application, but the effect disappeared after a few passes. A numerical procedure supports the experiments, combining vehicle dynamics simulations with a frequency-domain wheel-rail interaction model. Predicted squeal frequencies agree with those measured. Variability in contact parameters is considered by simulating numerous variants per scenario. Squeal occurs in over 90% of cases on the front inner and rear outer wheels, and in fewer than 3% on the outer front wheel. Simulations with varying friction coefficients are aligned with experimental findings in dry and wet conditions, suggesting that water-based friction modifiers can significantly reduce squeal. A parametric study on curve radius confirms the leading inner wheel as most critical, while also showing multiple squealing wheels, including those under flange contact.

通过两站噪声和振动测量及数值模拟，研究了现代铰接式有轨电车曲线噪声的变异性。第二辆车前轮上的加速度计显示，不同的振动模式间歇性地主导着弯道时车轮的振动，外轮也检测到尖叫。为了研究低附着条件，人工湿润了履带。在单事件电平中，加水后可以降低近15 dBA，但经过几次后效果就消失了。将车辆动力学模拟与频域轮轨相互作用模型相结合，建立了数值模拟程序。预测的尖叫频率与测量的频率一致。通过模拟每个场景的许多变量来考虑接触参数的可变性。尖叫发生在90%以上的情况下，前内轮和后外轮，在不到3%的情况下，外前轮。不同摩擦系数的模拟结果与干湿条件下的实验结果一致，表明水基摩擦改进剂可以显著降低尖叫。曲线半径的参数化研究证实了前内轮是最关键的，同时也显示了多个尖叫轮，包括那些在法兰接触下的车轮。

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引用次数: 0

Quantile-based multiscale topology optimization of geometrically asymmetric porous sandwich structures under uncertainties 不确定条件下几何不对称多孔夹层结构的分位数多尺度拓扑优化

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108085

Zhimiao Zou , Zhe Ding , Kai Shan , Wei-Hsin Liao

Geometrically asymmetric porous sandwich structures (GAPSSs) often outperform conventional designs with identical face sheets under asymmetric load and boundary conditions, since more design freedoms are provided for optimization. However, most current works on the GAPSSs are based on deterministic assumptions and developed by analytical or experimental methods, while limited attention is given to the optimization for the GAPSSs under uncertainties. This study proposes a novel multiscale design approach for GAPSSs under uncertainty based on topology optimization, which can determine the optimized face-sheet thicknesses, as well as the core configuration while maintaining structural reliability. Firstly, the optimization begins at macroscale, where the optimized face-sheet thicknesses are determined through the variable thickness sheet method. Then, the configuration of periodic unit cell is optimized using the parametric level set method at microscale. At both stages, the quantile-based formulation is applied to enhance structural reliability. During the quantile-based process, Monte Carlos Simulation is used for quantile estimation with the assistance of Kriging model. To validate the proposed methodology and highlight its superior performance over conventional designs, a series of 2D and 3D numerical case studies as well as some comparative analyses are conducted.

几何不对称多孔夹层结构（gapss）在非对称载荷和边界条件下通常优于具有相同面板的传统设计，因为它为优化提供了更多的设计自由度。然而，目前关于gapss的研究大多基于确定性假设，采用分析或实验方法，而对不确定条件下gapss的优化研究较少。本研究提出了一种基于拓扑优化的不确定条件下gapss多尺度设计方法，该方法可以在保证结构可靠性的前提下确定优化的面板厚度和核心配置。首先从宏观层面入手，通过变厚法确定优化后的面板厚度；然后，在微尺度下，采用参数水平集方法对周期单元胞的结构进行优化。在这两个阶段，采用基于分位数的公式来提高结构的可靠性。在基于分位数的过程中，在Kriging模型的辅助下，使用Monte Carlos Simulation进行分位数估计。为了验证所提出的方法并突出其优于传统设计的性能，进行了一系列二维和三维数值案例研究以及一些比较分析。

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引用次数: 0

A new unsupervised method for damage detection in structures: Cor-PCAE 一种新的无监督结构损伤检测方法：co - pcae

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108100

Augusta Adha , Dimas Pustaka Dibiantara , Reyes Garcia , Irwanda Laory

Despite its widespread adoption in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), Moving Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) still has some significant drawbacks in terms of human bias, thus limiting its ability to detect minor damage in structures. This article proposes a new fully unsupervised method called Correlation Principal Component Auto-Encoder (Cor-PCAE), which enhances the anomaly (i.e. damage) detection performance of the MPCA method. The new Cor-PCAE method optimises computational resources by splitting data into a sequence of sensor correlations and generates a suitable sensor correlation model with a deep autoencoder. The Cor-PCAE method is applied to detect minor to moderate damage in a Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bridge subjected to walking tests. Three damaged conditions were considered, denoted by minor damage (DM1 & DM2) and moderate damage (DM3). The acceleration data (DTS1 & DTS2) were used to compare the performance of Cor-PCAE against existing methods such as Moving Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) and Combined MPCA-Multiple Linear Regression (MPCA-MLR). The results show that Cor-PCAE’s detection performance is faster than MPCA for both datasets. The new Cor-PCAE method also reduces the probability of misclassifying damage as a healthy condition. Lastly, by observing the probability of misclassification from three sensor configurations (“Far”, “Distributed”, and “Near”), the new Cor-PCAE method consistently achieves a relatively low probability of misclassifying damage, even in less ideal sensor configurations. This article contributes to the development of faster and more efficient damage detection methods for SHM of existing structures.

尽管在结构健康监测（SHM）中被广泛采用，但移动主成分分析（MPCA）在人为偏差方面仍然存在一些明显的缺陷，从而限制了其检测结构轻微损伤的能力。本文提出了一种新的完全无监督方法——相关主成分自编码器（Correlation Principal Component Auto-Encoder, Cor-PCAE），提高了MPCA方法的异常（即损伤）检测性能。新的Cor-PCAE方法通过将数据分解为一系列传感器相关性来优化计算资源，并使用深度自编码器生成合适的传感器相关性模型。采用Cor-PCAE方法检测行走试验中纤维增强聚合物（FRP）桥梁的轻微至中度损伤。考虑三种损伤情况，分别为轻度损伤（DM1 & DM2）和中度损伤（DM3）。使用加速度数据（DTS1 & DTS2）将co - pcae与现有方法（如移动主成分分析（MPCA）和MPCA-多元线性回归（MPCA- mlr））的性能进行比较。结果表明，在两种数据集上，co - pcae的检测性能都比MPCA快。新的Cor-PCAE方法还降低了将损伤误分类为健康状态的可能性。最后，通过观察三种传感器配置（“远”、“分布”和“近”）的误分类概率，即使在不太理想的传感器配置下，新的co - pcae方法也始终实现相对较低的损伤误分类概率。本文为现有结构的SHM损伤检测方法的发展做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Scale-invariant Monte Carlo and multilevel Monte Carlo estimation of mean and variance: An application to simulation of linear elastic bone tissue 尺度不变蒙特卡罗和多水平蒙特卡罗均值和方差估计：在线性弹性骨组织模拟中的应用

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108054

Sharana Kumar Shivanand , Bojana Rosić

We propose novel scale-invariant error estimators for the Monte Carlo and multilevel Monte Carlo estimation of mean and variance. For any linear transformation of the distribution of the quantity of interest, the computation cost across fidelity levels is optimized using a normalized error estimate, which is not only fully dimensionless but also remains robust to variations in the characteristics of the distribution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms through application to a mechanical simulation of linear elastic bone tissue, where material uncertainty incorporating both heterogeneity and random anisotropy is considered in the constitutive law.

我们提出了新的尺度不变误差估计的蒙特卡罗和多电平蒙特卡罗估计的均值和方差。对于兴趣量分布的任何线性变换，使用归一化误差估计来优化跨保真度水平的计算成本，该估计不仅是完全无因次的，而且对分布特征的变化保持鲁棒性。我们通过应用于线弹性骨组织的力学模拟来证明算法的有效性，其中在本构律中考虑了包含非均质性和随机各向异性的材料不确定性。

引用次数: 0

A new concrete material model embedded in finite element procedures 一种新的混凝土材料模型嵌入有限元程序

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108079

Yeongbin Ko , Klaus-Jürgen Bathe

We present a new strain-based concrete material model that is generally applicable in two- and three-dimensional finite element analyses. The relevant constitutive laws are derived from a theory of plasticity and fracture for concrete, and the nonlinear solution process is described. The nonlinear behavior of the concrete includes crushing, crack opening and closing. The model is based on the use of the principal elastic strain directions and a “compression coordinate system” using different failure surfaces for the different “directions” in that system. The plastic-fracturing behavior is represented by a coupling between the plasticity and fracture in the finite element solution. The predictability and performance of the new material model, used with the finite element procedures, is evaluated and compared with results obtained in physical experiments and benchmark problems.

我们提出了一种新的基于应变的混凝土材料模型，该模型一般适用于二维和三维有限元分析。根据混凝土的塑性和断裂理论推导出相应的本构规律，并描述了非线性求解过程。混凝土的非线性行为包括破碎、裂缝张开和闭合。该模型基于主弹性应变方向和“压缩坐标系”的使用，该系统中不同的“方向”使用不同的破坏面。塑性-断裂行为在有限元解中表现为塑性与断裂的耦合关系。利用有限元程序对新材料模型的可预测性和性能进行了评估，并与物理实验和基准问题的结果进行了比较。

引用次数: 0

Multiscale design of microwave absorbing sandwich structures via surrogate assisted topology optimization 基于代理辅助拓扑优化的微波吸收夹层结构多尺度设计

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108053

Dohun Lee , Yonghwa Ji , Illkyung Park , Joosup Lim , Seung-Gyu Lee , Jaewook Lee

This paper proposes a multiscale design framework for microwave absorbing sandwich structures (MASSs) that simultaneously optimizes macroscopic structural variables and microscopic unit cell geometry. The framework incorporates topology optimization to generate free-form microstructures within the sandwich core. To reduce computational cost and enable rapid exploration of diverse unit cell designs, a surrogate model using an artificial neural network (ANN) is employed. The multiscale optimization problem is formulated with the objective functions of minimizing the total mass and beam deflection of the MASSs. A constraint is imposed on the reflection loss to ensure sufficient microwave absorption at the target frequency. The formulated optimization problem is then solved using three metaheuristic optimization algorithms. To validate the performance of the optimal designs, high-fidelity finite element re-analyses are conducted. Structural validation is performed through 3-point bending and shear deformation analyses, while electromagnetic performance is evaluated using full-wave simulations. The re-analysis results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed multiscale design approach in achieving high-performance MASSs with tailored mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics.

本文提出了一种微波吸收夹层结构（质量）的多尺度设计框架，同时优化宏观结构变量和微观单元胞的几何形状。该框架结合了拓扑优化，在夹层芯内生成自由形式的微结构。为了降低计算成本并能够快速探索不同的单元格设计，采用了使用人工神经网络（ANN）的代理模型。提出了以总质量和梁挠度最小为目标函数的多尺度优化问题。为了保证在目标频率上有足够的微波吸收，对反射损耗施加了限制。然后使用三种元启发式优化算法求解公式优化问题。为了验证优化设计的性能，进行了高保真的有限元再分析。通过三点弯曲和剪切变形分析进行结构验证，同时使用全波模拟评估电磁性能。再分析结果证实了所提出的多尺度设计方法在实现具有定制机械和电磁特性的高性能质量方面的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Free vibration analysis of damped composite beams and laminated reinforced panels via damped dynamic stiffness method and CUF-based component-wise theory 基于阻尼动刚度法和基于cuf的构件理论的阻尼组合梁和层压加筋板自由振动分析

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108112

Xiao Liu , Xiang Liu , Alfonso Pagani , Erasmo Carrera , Fang Wang , Lin Hu

This paper presents an efficient framework for the free vibration analysis of damped composite beams and laminated panels. The method integrates the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) with the Damped Dynamic Stiffness Method (DDSM) to achieve accurate and computationally efficient characterization of damped composite structures. Within the CUF framework, the three-dimensional displacement field is expanded using Lagrange polynomials, enabling refined modeling of complex cross-sections through layer-wise and component-wise descriptions. Intrinsic damping is incorporated directly into the constitutive equations, while the component-wise approach captures non-uniform material loss factors essential for realistic damping modeling. The governing equations and natural boundary conditions are derived via the principle of virtual displacements, and an exact damped dynamic stiffness matrix is formulated by relating the amplitudes of harmonic loads and structural responses. The transcendental eigenvalue problem is efficiently solved using a hybrid Wittrick-Williams and homotopy perturbation method, ensuring accurate broadband complex eigenvalue extraction. Comparative studies with three-dimensional finite element models verify the superior accuracy and computational efficiency of the CUF-DDSM approach. The proposed framework provides a robust analytical foundation for broadband vibration prediction and optimal damping design of advanced composite structures.

本文提出了一种适用于阻尼组合梁和层合板自由振动分析的有效框架。该方法将Carrera统一公式（CUF）与阻尼动刚度法（DDSM）相结合，实现了对阻尼复合材料结构精确且计算效率高的表征。在CUF框架内，三维位移场使用拉格朗日多项式进行扩展，通过分层和组件描述实现复杂截面的精细建模。固有阻尼被直接纳入本构方程，而组件明智的方法捕获非均匀的材料损失因素对于现实的阻尼建模至关重要。利用虚位移原理推导了控制方程和自然边界条件，并通过将谐波荷载幅值与结构响应相关联，建立了精确的阻尼动刚度矩阵。采用混合Wittrick-Williams和同伦摄动方法有效地解决了超越特征值问题，保证了宽带复特征值的准确提取。通过与三维有限元模型的对比研究，验证了该方法具有较高的精度和计算效率。该框架为先进复合材料结构的宽带振动预测和优化阻尼设计提供了坚实的分析基础。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete using lattice particle method with extension to FSI-induced structural failure via SPH coupling 基于点阵粒子法的钢筋混凝土数值模拟，并将其推广到SPH耦合下的fsi结构破坏

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108075

W.C. Low , K.C. Ng , Kaiwei Tian , H.K. Ng

In this paper, a fluid structure interaction (FSI) solver based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and lattice particle method (LPM) is further developed to model FSI phenomena with structural failure involving concrete and reinforced concrete (RC). First, the development of the LPM structural solver to model reinforced concrete is presented. An explicit return-mapping algorithm is proposed in the framework of LPM to model the failure of reinforced concrete structures. The predictive capability and generality of the proposed LPM model is assessed against experimental results covering wide range of failure modes seen in RC beams. Key features of the flexural and shear failure in RC beams are captured by the model. With particle size refinement, the structural response and crack pattern show consistent results. Upon verification of the structural solver, the coupled SPH-LPM method is applied to simulate several FSI test cases with solid fracture. Finally, the capability of the current method in tackling complex, real-world FSI cases with structural failure is demonstrated through the test case of failure of plain and reinforced concrete wall due to tsunami-type wave.

本文基于光滑颗粒流体力学（SPH）和点阵颗粒法（LPM）进一步开发了流固耦合（FSI）求解器，用于模拟混凝土和钢筋混凝土（RC）结构破坏时的流固耦合现象。首先，介绍了用于模拟钢筋混凝土的LPM结构求解器的发展。在LPM框架下，提出了一种明确的回归映射算法来模拟钢筋混凝土结构的破坏。根据试验结果对所提出的LPM模型的预测能力和通用性进行了评估，该模型涵盖了RC梁中广泛的破坏模式。该模型捕捉了钢筋混凝土梁受弯和受剪破坏的关键特征。随着颗粒尺寸的细化，结构响应和裂纹模式呈现一致的结果。在验证结构求解器的基础上，应用耦合SPH-LPM方法模拟了多个实体断裂的FSI试验用例。最后，通过海啸型波浪造成的普通和钢筋混凝土墙体破坏的试验案例，证明了当前方法在处理复杂的、真实的结构破坏的FSI案例中的能力。

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引用次数: 0

A generalized nonlocal–gradient elasticity and neural network framework for multiscale analysis of functionally graded nanoplates 功能梯度纳米片多尺度分析的广义非局部梯度弹性和神经网络框架

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108056

Pham Van Vinh

A generalized nonlocal–gradient elasticity theory is developed for the multiscale modeling of functionally graded nanoplates resting on Pasternak elastic foundations. The formulation unifies nonlocal stress and strain gradient effects into a consistent higher-order continuum model, enabling accurate capture of size-dependent behavior in nanoscale structures. Governing equations are derived using higher-order shear deformation theory and Hamilton’s principle and solved analytically via the Navier method. To enhance computational efficiency and enable rapid parametric studies, an artificial neural network surrogate model is developed and trained on high-fidelity datasets generated from the analytical solutions. This hybridization of advanced continuum theory with machine learning provides a fast yet reliable tool for design-oriented studies, which is rarely addressed in previous works. The integrated framework is applied to investigate static bending and free vibration responses under various geometric, material, and foundation parameters, including nonlocal and material length scales. The results validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach, establishing new benchmark solutions for multiscale nanostructures and demonstrating its potential for extension to more complex configurations and future applications in micro- and nano-devices. The work therefore contributes a generalized, versatile, and efficient methodology for multiscale structural analysis of functionally graded nanostructures.

针对基于帕斯捷尔纳克弹性地基的功能梯度纳米板的多尺度模型，提出了一种广义的非局部梯度弹性理论。该公式将非局部应力和应变梯度效应统一为一致的高阶连续体模型，从而能够准确捕获纳米级结构中与尺寸相关的行为。利用高阶剪切变形理论和Hamilton原理推导了控制方程，并采用Navier方法解析求解。为了提高计算效率和实现快速参数化研究，开发了人工神经网络代理模型，并在分析解生成的高保真数据集上进行了训练。这种先进的连续统理论与机器学习的结合为面向设计的研究提供了一种快速而可靠的工具，这在以前的作品中很少得到解决。应用集成框架研究各种几何、材料和基础参数（包括非局部和材料长度尺度）下的静态弯曲和自由振动响应。结果验证了该方法的准确性和效率，为多尺度纳米结构建立了新的基准解决方案，并展示了其扩展到更复杂配置和未来在微纳米器件中的应用潜力。因此，这项工作为功能梯度纳米结构的多尺度结构分析提供了一种通用的、通用的和有效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Voronoi-based high-quality mesh refinement for tetrahedral mesh generation 基于voronoi的四面体网格生成的高质量网格细化

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108114

Junhe Xie , Xin Yang , Yunyun Du , Pengchao Zhou , Jie Cao , Yan Zhou , Zhenqun Guan

Effectively generating high-quality tetrahedral meshes is critical in computational simulations. However, existing meshing algorithms often struggle to meet the increasingly complex demands of modern industry. In this paper, we propose a new mesh refinement method for tetrahedral mesh generation, combining the advancing front techniques (AFT) with Voronoi-based techniques. The new algorithm, termed the Voronoi-Frontal method, is an extension of the Delaunay-AFT method. We first classify Voronoi cells based on the geometric characteristics of their associated input surface nodes, grouping them into standard prism-like, planar anisotropic, and large-volume types. Then we propose a straightforward point selection scheme for standard Voronoi cell regions and introduce its variants to support meshing in complex geometric cell regions. Additionally, a hierarchically reordered Hilbert curve is implemented to improve the point insertion efficiency by reducing the cavity size. The performance of the new algorithm is discussed through comparative studies against the classic Delaunay refinement and Delaunay-AFT method, as implemented in well-known open-source mesh generators: Tetgen, Gmsh, and Netgen. It is shown that the Voronoi-Frontal method inherits many of the advantages of classic methods: it offers a layered structure element distribution near the boundary, generates fewer low-quality elements, and simultaneously improves computational efficiency.

有效地生成高质量的四面体网格是计算模拟的关键。然而，现有的网格划分算法往往难以满足现代工业日益复杂的需求。本文提出了一种新的四面体网格生成的网格细化方法，该方法将推进前沿技术（AFT）与基于voronoi的技术相结合。新的算法，称为Voronoi-Frontal方法，是Delaunay-AFT方法的扩展。我们首先根据Voronoi细胞相关输入表面节点的几何特征对其进行分类，将其分为标准的棱柱状、平面各向异性和大体积类型。然后，我们提出了一种简单的标准Voronoi细胞区域的点选择方案，并引入其变体来支持复杂几何细胞区域的网格划分。此外，采用分层重排序的希尔伯特曲线，通过减小腔体尺寸来提高点插入效率。通过与经典的Delaunay细化和Delaunay- aft方法（在知名的开源网格生成器：Tetgen， Gmsh和Netgen中实现）的比较研究，讨论了新算法的性能。结果表明，voronoi - front方法继承了经典方法的许多优点：在边界附近提供分层结构元素分布，产生较少的低质量元素，同时提高了计算效率。

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引用次数: 0