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Disentangling Reversal-learning Impairments in Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer Disease 额颞叶痴呆和阿尔茨海默病的反向学习障碍
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000303
Khadija Ahmed, D. Mitchell, M. Blair, K. Coleman, S. Pasternak, R. Ruiz-Garcia, E. Finger
Background: Individuals with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) often present with poor decision-making, which can affect both their financial and social situations. Delineation of the specific cognitive impairments giving rise to impaired decision-making in individuals with FTD may inform treatment strategies, as different neurotransmitter systems have been associated with distinct patterns of altered decision-making. Objective: To use a reversal-learning paradigm to identify the specific cognitive components of reversal learning that are most impaired in individuals with FTD and those with Alzheimer disease (AD) in order to inform future approaches to treatment for symptoms related to poor decision-making and behavioral inflexibility. Method: We gave 30 individuals with either the behavioral variant of FTD or AD and 18 healthy controls a stimulus-discrimination reversal-learning task to complete. We then compared performance in each phase between the groups. Results: The FTD group demonstrated impairments in initial stimulus-association learning, though to a lesser degree than the AD group. The FTD group also performed poorly in classic reversal learning, with the greatest impairments being observed in individuals with frontal-predominant atrophy during trials requiring inhibition of a previously advantageous response. Conclusion: Taken together, these results and the reversal-learning paradigm used in this study may inform the development and screening of behavioral, neurostimulatory, or pharmacologic interventions aiming to address behavioral symptoms related to stimulus-reinforcement learning and response inhibition impairments in individuals with FTD.
背景:额颞叶痴呆(FTD)患者往往表现出决策失误,这会影响他们的经济和社会状况。在FTD患者中,由于不同的神经递质系统与不同的决策改变模式有关,因此对导致决策受损的特定认知障碍的描述可能会为治疗策略提供信息。目的:使用反向学习范式来识别在FTD患者和阿尔茨海默病患者中受损最严重的反向学习的特定认知成分,以便为未来治疗决策失误和行为灵活性相关症状的方法提供信息。方法:我们给30名患有FTD或AD行为变体的个体和18名健康对照者完成一项刺激-辨别逆转学习任务。然后,我们比较了各组在每个阶段的表现。结果:FTD组在初始刺激联想学习中表现出障碍,尽管程度低于AD组。FTD组在经典的反向学习中也表现不佳,在需要抑制先前有利反应的试验中,在额叶萎缩的个体中观察到最大的损伤。结论:综合来看,这些结果和本研究中使用的反向学习范式可能为行为、神经刺激或药理学干预措施的开发和筛选提供信息,这些干预措施旨在解决FTD患者与刺激强化学习和反应抑制障碍相关的行为症状。
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引用次数: 1
Delirium as a Presenting Symptom of COVID–19 谵妄是新冠肺炎的一种症状-19
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000305
Bradley T. Tyson, A. Shahein, L. Erdodi, Leigh Tyson, Robert Tyson, R. Ghomi, P. Agarwal
Background: Delirium is a common neurologic manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) in older adults who present to the emergency department (ED). Objective: To investigate clinical characteristics associated with delirium as a presenting symptom of COVID–19 in older adults and develop a logistic regression to predict the likelihood of delirium. Method: We compared clinical characteristics in an age- and gender-matched sample of 68 delirious individuals with 68 nondelirious individuals (Mage = 78) who presented to the ED with COVID–19. Results: The delirious group was more likely to have neurologic, psychiatric, and cardiovascular comorbidities; a prior history of delirium; and deliriogenic medications in their medication list. They were less likely to present with respiratory symptoms and more likely to present with sepsis, hypoxia, higher heart rate, and higher sodium. The delirious group had higher mortality (51%) than the nondelirious group (32%). Delirium developed within an average of 2 days of initial COVID–19 symptom onset, with symptom onset to ED within an average of 4 days and symptom onset to death within an average of 11 days. Logistic regression based on five delirium predictors correctly predicted 80% of those with delirium (75% sensitivity at 86% specificity). Conclusion: Our results are largely consistent with prior studies and suggest that delirium is a common, early occurring, and lethal manifestation of COVID–19 in older adults presenting to the ED, in most cases causing acute on chronic neurocognitive dysfunction strongly influenced by inflammatory and hypoxic–ischemic mechanisms.
背景:谵妄是2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)在急诊科就诊的老年人中常见的神经系统表现。目的:研究老年人中作为新冠肺炎-19症状的谵妄的临床特征,并开发逻辑回归来预测谵妄的可能性。方法:我们比较了68名年龄和性别匹配的谵妄患者和68名新冠肺炎患者(Mage=78)的临床特征。结果:谵妄组更容易出现神经、精神和心血管合并症;既往有谵妄病史;以及药物清单中的致谵妄药物。他们不太可能出现呼吸道症状,更可能出现败血症、缺氧、心率加快和钠含量升高。谵妄组的死亡率(51%)高于非谵妄组(32%)。Delium在最初的COVID-19症状出现后平均2天内出现,症状出现ED平均4天,症状出现死亡平均11天。基于五个谵妄预测因子的Logistic回归正确预测了80%的谵妄患者(75%的敏感性和86%的特异性)。结论:我们的研究结果与先前的研究基本一致,并表明谵妄是新冠肺炎-19在ED老年人中常见、早期发生和致命的表现,在大多数情况下,会导致急性或慢性神经认知功能障碍,受到炎症和缺氧-缺血机制的强烈影响。
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引用次数: 6
White Matter, Behavioral Neurology, and the Influence of Corticocentrism 白质、行为神经病学与皮质偏心症的影响
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000302
C. Filley
White matter in the human brain occupies roughly the same volume as gray matter but has received far less attention in behavioral neurology and related disciplines. In particular, the cerebral cortex has long dominated thinking about the organization of brain–behavior relationships. As a result, subcortical structures, including deep gray matter and, most notably, white matter, have been accorded relatively little neuroscientific study compared with the extensive work devoted to the cerebral cortex. The influence of corticocentrism can be explained by several factors, including historical precedent in neurology strongly emphasizing the importance of the cortex, a preponderance of investigative methods that selectively target this structure, and a misinterpretation of comparative neuroanatomic data gathered from normal brains. This paper will describe the background of the corticocentric bias and emphasize that white matter merits its own place within the study of the higher functions. Although corticocentrism continues to exert a powerful impact on behavioral neurology, considerable progress is being made in the study of white matter—a development that promises to expand our knowledge of the normal brain and lead to an improved understanding of how it mediates behavior. In turn, a range of vexing neurologic and psychiatric disorders may become better illuminated by considering pathology within, or dysfunction of, white matter tracts. A complete appreciation of brain–behavior relationships requires an understanding not only of the outermost layer of the cerebral hemispheres, but also of white matter connectivity that links gray matter regions into distributed neural networks that subserve cognition and emotion.
人脑中的白质与灰质的体积大致相同,但在行为神经学和相关学科中受到的关注要少得多。特别是,大脑皮层长期以来一直主导着对大脑行为关系组织的思考。因此,与专门研究大脑皮层的大量工作相比,皮层下结构,包括深灰质,最值得注意的是白质,得到的神经科学研究相对较少。皮质中心主义的影响可以由几个因素来解释,包括神经病学中强烈强调皮质重要性的历史先例、选择性针对这种结构的研究方法的优势,以及对从正常大脑收集的比较神经解剖学数据的误解。本文将描述皮质中心偏向的背景,并强调白质在高等功能研究中有其自身的地位。尽管皮质中心主义继续对行为神经病学产生强大影响,但白质的研究正在取得相当大的进展——这一进展有望扩大我们对正常大脑的了解,并使我们更好地了解它如何介导行为。反过来,通过考虑白质束内的病理学或白质束功能障碍,一系列令人烦恼的神经和精神疾病可能会得到更好的解释。要完全理解大脑与行为的关系,不仅需要了解大脑半球的最外层,还需要了解白质连接,白质连接将灰质区域连接到为认知和情绪服务的分布式神经网络中。
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引用次数: 1
Clinical Correlates of Depression and Suicidality in Huntington Disease: An Analysis of the Enroll-HD Observational Study 亨廷顿病患者抑郁和自杀的临床相关性:一项入组观察性研究分析
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000301
N. Rocha, Madison R Tuazon, Jorge Patino, E. Furr Stimming, A. L. Teixeira
Background: Depression and suicidality are commonly experienced by Huntington disease (HD) gene carriers. Research on these behavioral symptoms is imperative, not only to increase our understanding of the symptoms and how they relate to HD, but also to contribute to improving patients’ care and quality of life. Objective: To identify clinical variables associated with a history of depression and suicidality in HD gene carriers. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study of HD gene carriers from the Enroll-HD database PDS4 (periodic data set 4; N = 11,582). Data from baseline visits were obtained, and binary logistic regression models were used to ascertain the effects of clinical variables on the likelihood that HD gene carriers would have previous depression and suicidal ideation/attempts. Results: Approximately 65% (n = 7526) of the HD gene carriers had a history of depression, and ~27% (n = 3152) had previous suicidal ideation/attempts. Female sex; diagnosis of manifest HD; history of perseverative/obsessive behavior, apathy, and psychosis; and previous suicidal ideation/attempts were significantly associated with a history of depression in the HD gene carriers. Medical history of apathy, psychosis, and depression, as well as worse scores on the Total Functional Capacity and Irritability Scales, were significantly associated with previous suicidal ideation/attempts in the HD gene carriers. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and suicidality is high among HD gene carriers. An improved understanding of the risk factors for depression and suicide in HD gene carriers can assist providers in recognizing at-risk individuals and allow providers to implement therapeutic strategies.
背景:抑郁症和自杀是亨廷顿病(HD)基因携带者的常见症状。对这些行为症状的研究是必要的,不仅可以增加我们对这些症状及其与HD的关系的理解,而且有助于改善患者的护理和生活质量。目的:确定与HD基因携带者抑郁和自杀史相关的临床变量。方法:我们对来自Enroll-HD数据库PDS4 (periodic data set 4;N = 11582)。从基线访问中获得数据,并使用二元逻辑回归模型来确定临床变量对HD基因携带者既往抑郁和自杀意念/企图可能性的影响。结果:约65% (n = 7526)的HD基因携带者有抑郁史,约27% (n = 3152)有自杀意念/企图。女性性;显性HD的诊断;有持续性/强迫性行为、冷漠和精神病病史;既往的自杀意念/企图与HD基因携带者的抑郁史显著相关。在HD基因携带者中,冷漠、精神病和抑郁的病史,以及在总功能容量和易怒量表上的较差得分,与先前的自杀意念/企图显著相关。结论:HD基因携带者抑郁和自杀率较高。加深对HD基因携带者抑郁和自杀风险因素的了解可以帮助提供者识别高危个体,并允许提供者实施治疗策略。
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引用次数: 2
Eye-gaze Strategies During Facial Emotion Recognition in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Links With Neuropsychiatric Disorders. 神经退行性疾病面部情绪识别过程中的凝视策略及其与神经精神疾病的联系。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000288
Kévin Polet, Solange Hesse, Adeline Morisot, Benoît Kullmann, Sandrine Louchart de la Chapelle, Alain Pesce, Galina Iakimova

Background: Facial emotion recognition (FER) is primarily and severely impaired in individuals with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and is often mildy impaired in individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD) or Parkinson disease (PD). Such impairment is associated with inappropriate social behaviors.

Objective: To determine whether FER impairment is linked to the use of inappropriate eye-gaze strategies to decode facial emotions, leading to misinterpretation of others' intentions and then to behavioral disorders.

Method: We assessed FER in 9 individuals with bvFTD, 23 with AD, and 20 with PD, as well as 22 healthy controls (HC), using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) Test and the Ekman Faces Test. Eye movements (number and duration of fixations) were recorded with an eye-tracking device. Behavior was assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.

Results: FER was mildly impaired in the AD and PD groups and severely impaired in the bvFTD group. FER impairment was accompanied by an increase in the number of fixations and a more attracted gaze toward the lower part of one's face. FER impairment and an increase in the number of fixations were positively correlated with behavioral disorders.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a link between FER impairment, modification of eye-gaze strategies during the observation of emotional faces, and behavioral disorders in individuals with bvFTD and those with AD or PD. These results suggest that an eye-gaze strategy rehabilitation program could have beneficial effects on emotion recognition and behavioral disorders in individuals with these diseases.

背景:面部情绪识别(FER)在额颞叶痴呆(bvFTD)行为变体患者中主要严重受损,在阿尔茨海默病(AD)或帕金森病(PD)患者中通常轻度受损。这种损害与不恰当的社会行为有关。目的:确定FER损伤是否与使用不恰当的凝视策略来解码面部情绪有关,从而导致对他人意图的误解,进而导致行为障碍。方法:我们使用阅读眼睛中的思想(RME)测试和Ekman面孔测试评估了9名bvFTD患者、23名AD患者和20名PD患者以及22名健康对照(HC)的FER。用眼动仪记录眼球运动(注视次数和持续时间)。结果:AD和PD组FER轻度受损,bvFTD组FER重度受损。FER损伤伴随着注视次数的增加和对面部下部更吸引的凝视。FER损伤和注视次数的增加与行为障碍呈正相关。结论:我们的研究证明了bvFTD患者和AD或PD患者的FER损伤、在观察情绪面孔时眼睛凝视策略的改变与行为障碍之间的联系。这些结果表明,凝视策略康复计划可以对这些疾病患者的情绪识别和行为障碍产生有益影响。
{"title":"Eye-gaze Strategies During Facial Emotion Recognition in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Links With Neuropsychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Kévin Polet,&nbsp;Solange Hesse,&nbsp;Adeline Morisot,&nbsp;Benoît Kullmann,&nbsp;Sandrine Louchart de la Chapelle,&nbsp;Alain Pesce,&nbsp;Galina Iakimova","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Facial emotion recognition (FER) is primarily and severely impaired in individuals with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and is often mildy impaired in individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD) or Parkinson disease (PD). Such impairment is associated with inappropriate social behaviors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether FER impairment is linked to the use of inappropriate eye-gaze strategies to decode facial emotions, leading to misinterpretation of others' intentions and then to behavioral disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We assessed FER in 9 individuals with bvFTD, 23 with AD, and 20 with PD, as well as 22 healthy controls (HC), using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) Test and the Ekman Faces Test. Eye movements (number and duration of fixations) were recorded with an eye-tracking device. Behavior was assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FER was mildly impaired in the AD and PD groups and severely impaired in the bvFTD group. FER impairment was accompanied by an increase in the number of fixations and a more attracted gaze toward the lower part of one's face. FER impairment and an increase in the number of fixations were positively correlated with behavioral disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated a link between FER impairment, modification of eye-gaze strategies during the observation of emotional faces, and behavioral disorders in individuals with bvFTD and those with AD or PD. These results suggest that an eye-gaze strategy rehabilitation program could have beneficial effects on emotion recognition and behavioral disorders in individuals with these diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":"35 1","pages":"14-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41156167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Diagnostic Utility of Hippocampal Volumetric Data in a Memory Disorder Clinic Setting 海马体积数据在记忆障碍临床诊断中的应用
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000295
R. Ruchinskas, Trung Nguyen, K. Womack, Alka Khera, F. Yu, B. Kelley
Background: Hippocampal volumetric data are widely used in research but are rarely examined in clinical populations in regard to aiding diagnosis or correlating with objective memory test scores. Objective: To replicate and expand on the few prior clinical examinations of the utility of hippocampal volumetric data. We evaluated MRI volumetric data to determine (a) the degree of hippocampal loss across diagnostic groups compared with a cognitively intact group, (b) if total or lateralized hippocampal volumes predict diagnostic group membership, and (c) how total and lateralized volumes correlate with memory tests. Method: We retrospectively examined hippocampal volumetric data and memory test scores for 294 individuals referred to a memory clinic. Results: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer disease had smaller hippocampal volumes compared with cognitively intact individuals. The raw and normalized total and lateralized hippocampal volumes were essentially equal for predicting diagnostic group membership, and notably low hippocampal volumes evidenced greater specificity than sensitivity. All of the volumetric data correlated with the memory test scores, with the total and left hippocampal volumes accounting for the slightly more variance in the diagnostic groups. Conclusion: The diagnostic groups exhibited hippocampal volume loss, which can be a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative disease in clinical practice. However, solely using hippocampal volumetric data to predict diagnostic group membership or memory test failure was not supported. While extreme hippocampal volume loss was rare in the cognitively intact group, the sensitivity of these volumetric data suggests a need for supplementation by other tools when making a diagnosis.
背景:海马体积数据在研究中被广泛使用,但很少在临床人群中进行检查,以帮助诊断或与客观记忆测试分数相关。目的:复制和扩展先前为数不多的临床检查海马体积数据的实用性。我们评估了MRI体积数据,以确定(a)与认知完整组相比,诊断组的海马损失程度,(b)海马总体积或侧化体积是否预测诊断组成员,以及(c)总体积和侧化体积与记忆测试的相关性。方法:我们回顾性检查了294名被转诊到记忆诊所的患者的海马体积数据和记忆测试分数。结果:与认知完整的个体相比,轻度认知障碍或阿尔茨海默病患者的海马体积较小。原始和标准化的总海马体积和侧化海马体积在预测诊断组成员方面基本相等,显著的低海马体积显示出比灵敏度更高的特异性。所有体积数据都与记忆测试分数相关,诊断组的总海马体积和左海马体积的差异略大。结论:诊断组表现出海马体积损失,这可能是临床上神经退行性疾病的潜在生物标志物。然而,仅使用海马体积数据来预测诊断组成员或记忆测试失败是不受支持的。虽然在认知完整的组中,极端的海马体积损失是罕见的,但这些体积数据的敏感性表明,在进行诊断时,需要通过其他工具进行补充。
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引用次数: 2
Sustained Long-term Improvement in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of an Individual With Initial bvFTD Diagnosis: A Case Report 最初诊断为bvFTD的个体的神经精神症状持续长期改善:一例报告
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000298
E. Kim, N. Pliskin, M. Caserta
The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is diagnosed by progressive neuropsychiatric changes and supportive neuroimaging. Making an accurate diagnosis of bvFTD is a challenging process that can be complicated by the presence of a subset of nonprogressive, or phenocopy, cases whose symptoms remain stable. Our patient, who presented with neuropsychiatric symptoms that are characteristic of bvFTD, improved and stabilized after thorough neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological evaluation and treatment. Our case illustrates that, despite diagnostic uncertainties, appropriate evaluation and treatment can lead to improvement and stabilization of neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals presumed to have bvFTD.
额颞叶痴呆(bvFTD)是一种神经退行性疾病,通过进行性神经精神改变和支持性神经影像学来诊断。准确诊断bvFTD是一个具有挑战性的过程,由于存在症状保持稳定的非进展性或表现性病例,可能会使诊断变得复杂。本例患者表现为bvFTD特有的神经精神症状,经过彻底的神经精神和神经心理学评估和治疗后,病情好转并稳定下来。我们的病例表明,尽管诊断不确定,适当的评估和治疗可以改善和稳定被认为患有bvFTD的个体的神经精神症状。
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引用次数: 0
Verbal and Nonverbal Memory in Neurodegenerative and Stroke Aphasia: Evidence From the Turkish Version of the Three Words Three Shapes Test 神经退行性和中风失语症的言语和非言语记忆:来自土耳其语三词三形测验的证据
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000294
M. Seckin, Begüm Özbek, Ilayda Demir, E. Kurt, Ulaş Ay, D. Yildirim, N. Yesilot, O. Çoban, Öget Öktem, H. Gürvit
Background: Although language impairment is the most salient feature of cognitive impairment in both primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and stroke aphasia (SA), memory can also be impaired in both patient populations. Objective: To identify distinctive features of verbal and nonverbal memory processing in individuals with PPA and those with SA. Method: We gave individuals with PPA (n = 14), those with SA (n = 8), and healthy controls (HC; n = 13) a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and the Turkish version of the Three Words Three Shapes Test (3W3S–Turkish). The 3W3S–Turkish Test includes five subtests: Copy, Incidental Recall, Acquisition, Delayed Recall, and Recognition. High-resolution brain scans were performed in a subset of individuals with PPA and those with SA. Lesion distribution was limited to the dorsal language areas in the SA group, whereas peak atrophy areas in the PPA group extended beyond the language network, including the medial temporal lobe, precuneus, and posterior/medial portions of the cingulate cortex. Results: Both the PPA and SA groups showed impairment in incidental recall, and the PPA group showed additional impairment in delayed recall. Greater impairment for verbal stimuli suggestive of material-specific memory impairment was evident in the PPA group’s scores on the Incidental Recall and Delayed Recall subtests. Both aphasia groups retained the acquired information regardless of material type. Conclusion: Although both aphasia groups shared similarities in the involvement of the dorsal prefrontal working memory/attention network, the PPA group showed greater impairment in delayed recall compared with the SA group.
背景:虽然语言障碍是原发性进行性失语症(PPA)和卒中性失语症(SA)中认知障碍的最显著特征,但在这两种患者群体中,记忆也可能受损。目的:探讨PPA患者和SA患者言语和非言语记忆加工的特点。方法:选取PPA患者(n = 14)、SA患者(n = 8)和健康对照(HC;n = 13)综合神经心理测试组和土耳其版的三字三形测试(3w3s -土耳其语)。3w3s -土耳其测试包括五个子测试:复制、附带回忆、习得、延迟回忆和识别。对PPA患者和SA患者进行了高分辨率脑部扫描。SA组的病变分布仅限于背侧语言区,而PPA组的峰值萎缩区域延伸到语言网络之外,包括内侧颞叶、楔前叶和扣带皮层的后/内侧部分。结果:PPA组和SA组在偶然回忆中均表现出障碍,PPA组在延迟回忆中表现出额外的障碍。PPA组在附带回忆和延迟回忆子测试中的得分明显显示,言语刺激对物质特异性记忆障碍的损害更大。两组失语症患者均保留了习得的信息,与材料类型无关。结论:尽管两组失语症患者在背侧前额叶工作记忆/注意网络的参与上有相似之处,但PPA组在延迟回忆上的损害大于SA组。
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引用次数: 0
The Code Breaker, Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race. 《密码破译者》,詹妮弗·杜德纳,《基因编辑与人类的未来》。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000291
Howard S Kirshner
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引用次数: 3
Hemodialyzed Individuals’ Left Spatial Attentional Bias Is Normalized Following Successful Kidney Transplantation 肾移植成功后血液透析患者的左空间注意偏差正常化
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000290
Aleksandra Mańkowska, K. Heilman, J. Williamson, B. Biedunkiewicz, A. Dębska-Ślizień, M. Harciarek
Background: Healthy people have a leftward spatial attentional bias, called pseudoneglect. Individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are receiving hemodialysis often demonstrate an increase in their leftward spatial attentional bias. Whereas a successful kidney transplant often improves the cognitive functions of individuals who previously received hemodialysis, the effect of a kidney transplant on this abnormal allocation of spatial attention has not been investigated. Objective: To investigate the effects of kidney transplant on individuals who were being treated with dialysis and had an increase in their left spatial attentional bias. Method: The performance of 20 hemodialyzed individuals with ESRD on the line bisection test was compared to that of 17 demographically matched individuals with ESRD, who had received a kidney transplant, and 23 demographically matched healthy controls (HC). Results: All of the participants exhibited a left spatial bias on the line bisection task. When compared with the HC, the hemodialyzed individuals demonstrated a significantly greater left spatial bias. There was, however, no difference in spatial bias between the HC and the individuals who had received a kidney transplant. Conclusion: A successful kidney transplant can improve patients’ abnormal leftward allocation of spatial attention. However, future studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms of this spatial attentional bias in hemodialyzed individuals and the normalization of bias following transplantation.
背景:健康人有一种向左的空间注意偏向,称为伪忽视。接受血液透析的终末期肾病(ESRD)患者通常表现出向左空间注意偏差的增加。尽管成功的肾移植通常能改善先前接受血液透析的个体的认知功能,但肾移植对这种空间注意力异常分配的影响尚未得到研究。目的:研究肾移植对接受透析治疗且左空间注意偏向增加的患者的影响。方法:将20名血液透析的ESRD患者与17名接受过肾移植的ESRD人口统计学匹配患者和23名人口统计学匹配的健康对照组(HC)在平分线测试中的表现进行比较。结果:所有参与者在直线平分任务中都表现出左空间偏向。与HC相比,血液透析的个体表现出明显更大的左空间偏差。然而,HC和接受肾移植的个体之间的空间偏差没有差异。结论:成功的肾移植可以改善患者空间注意力的异常向左分配。然而,需要未来的研究来更好地了解血液透析患者这种空间注意偏差的机制,以及移植后偏差的正常化。
{"title":"Hemodialyzed Individuals’ Left Spatial Attentional Bias Is Normalized Following Successful Kidney Transplantation","authors":"Aleksandra Mańkowska, K. Heilman, J. Williamson, B. Biedunkiewicz, A. Dębska-Ślizień, M. Harciarek","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000290","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthy people have a leftward spatial attentional bias, called pseudoneglect. Individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are receiving hemodialysis often demonstrate an increase in their leftward spatial attentional bias. Whereas a successful kidney transplant often improves the cognitive functions of individuals who previously received hemodialysis, the effect of a kidney transplant on this abnormal allocation of spatial attention has not been investigated. Objective: To investigate the effects of kidney transplant on individuals who were being treated with dialysis and had an increase in their left spatial attentional bias. Method: The performance of 20 hemodialyzed individuals with ESRD on the line bisection test was compared to that of 17 demographically matched individuals with ESRD, who had received a kidney transplant, and 23 demographically matched healthy controls (HC). Results: All of the participants exhibited a left spatial bias on the line bisection task. When compared with the HC, the hemodialyzed individuals demonstrated a significantly greater left spatial bias. There was, however, no difference in spatial bias between the HC and the individuals who had received a kidney transplant. Conclusion: A successful kidney transplant can improve patients’ abnormal leftward allocation of spatial attention. However, future studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms of this spatial attentional bias in hemodialyzed individuals and the normalization of bias following transplantation.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":"35 1","pages":"32 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46601551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology
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