Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2023380
Clemens Krautwald, H. Von Häfen, P. Niebuhr, K. Vögele, D. Schürenkamp, M. Sieder, N. Goseberg
ABSTRACT Amongst extreme hydrodynamic events are bore- and surge-type flow motions that are observed in the context of storm surges induced by tropical cyclones, but also occur when tsunami or flash floods strike. Coastal houses built on elevated pile foundations have suffered less damages in recent extreme hydrodynamic events since the water could pass beneath the floor slabs decreasing the exertion of forces onto structures. To date, research pertaining to horizontal and vertical forces on elevated structures is still scarce. Specifically, previous research may not be applicable to cases of bore-type inundation interacting with elevated coastal structures. This work hence aims to model non-elevated and elevated coastal structure, and to deepen insight into forces with a focus on the structural elevation. For this purpose, large-scale experimental tests were performed on a uniform 1:15 slope in combination with an adjacent horizontal plane. Idealized residential buildings on a length scale of 1:5 were designed to simulate loading conditions of broken solitary waves on slab-on-grade and elevated buildings. A wide range of horizontal forces between 0.1 and 10 , vertical forces between 0.5 and 7.5 and overturning moments up to 4.5 were measured. In accordance with the experimental results, design equations were derived.
{"title":"Large-scale physical modeling of broken solitary waves impacting elevated coastal structures","authors":"Clemens Krautwald, H. Von Häfen, P. Niebuhr, K. Vögele, D. Schürenkamp, M. Sieder, N. Goseberg","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2023380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2023380","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Amongst extreme hydrodynamic events are bore- and surge-type flow motions that are observed in the context of storm surges induced by tropical cyclones, but also occur when tsunami or flash floods strike. Coastal houses built on elevated pile foundations have suffered less damages in recent extreme hydrodynamic events since the water could pass beneath the floor slabs decreasing the exertion of forces onto structures. To date, research pertaining to horizontal and vertical forces on elevated structures is still scarce. Specifically, previous research may not be applicable to cases of bore-type inundation interacting with elevated coastal structures. This work hence aims to model non-elevated and elevated coastal structure, and to deepen insight into forces with a focus on the structural elevation. For this purpose, large-scale experimental tests were performed on a uniform 1:15 slope in combination with an adjacent horizontal plane. Idealized residential buildings on a length scale of 1:5 were designed to simulate loading conditions of broken solitary waves on slab-on-grade and elevated buildings. A wide range of horizontal forces between 0.1 and 10 , vertical forces between 0.5 and 7.5 and overturning moments up to 4.5 were measured. In accordance with the experimental results, design equations were derived.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47992519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2022.2046758
Y. Tajima, A. Kennedy
Prevention and mitigation of coastal disasters is one of most essential tasks of coastal engineers. In previous issues, Coastal Engineering Journal has published a number of articles which focus on the postdisaster survey of catastrophic events induced by intensive tropical cyclones, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 1. This special issue focuses on analysis and investigations of these recent events to deepen understanding of coastal hazards and risks and to improve disaster prevention and mitigation measures. This special issue has 11 articles, which present: (i) Survey reports; (ii) Numerical investigations of the physical mechanisms and characteristics of reported events; (iii) Laboratory experiments on hydrodynamic force acting on structures; and (iv) Future projection of typhoon-induced coastal hazards. In addition to detailed ground survey data and satellite-based comprehensive and panoramic information, recent events often have onsite videos taken by local residents. Archives of these data are essential to understand and mitigate coastal hazards and risks and for development of future protection and mitigation strategies. As guest editors, we are pleased if this special issue contributes to bringing attention to these archives of recent survey data and their findings.
{"title":"Special issue on coastal hazards and risks due to tropical cyclones","authors":"Y. Tajima, A. Kennedy","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2022.2046758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2022.2046758","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention and mitigation of coastal disasters is one of most essential tasks of coastal engineers. In previous issues, Coastal Engineering Journal has published a number of articles which focus on the postdisaster survey of catastrophic events induced by intensive tropical cyclones, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 1. This special issue focuses on analysis and investigations of these recent events to deepen understanding of coastal hazards and risks and to improve disaster prevention and mitigation measures. This special issue has 11 articles, which present: (i) Survey reports; (ii) Numerical investigations of the physical mechanisms and characteristics of reported events; (iii) Laboratory experiments on hydrodynamic force acting on structures; and (iv) Future projection of typhoon-induced coastal hazards. In addition to detailed ground survey data and satellite-based comprehensive and panoramic information, recent events often have onsite videos taken by local residents. Archives of these data are essential to understand and mitigate coastal hazards and risks and for development of future protection and mitigation strategies. As guest editors, we are pleased if this special issue contributes to bringing attention to these archives of recent survey data and their findings.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49357104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2017191
M. Takagi, J. Ninomiya, N. Mori, T. Shimura, T. Miyashita
ABSTRACT The parameterization of the sea surface turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) flux due to wave breaking was revisited using the observed data. It is found that the fraction of wave energy taken up into the ocean as sea surface TKE flux depends on the relative angle between wind and wave direction. The fraction tends to be larger under opposite wind conditions than following wind conditions. Based on the observed results, a new parameterization of TKE flux was proposed. The TKE flux parameterization was implemented into the atmosphere-ocean-wave coupled model. The experiments on typhoon hindcast using the model showed that TKE flux affects weak mixing at the ocean surface, strong mixing at the bottom of the mixed layer, and near-inertial internal waves depending on the thickness of the mixed layer depth (MLD). In the coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave model, the effects of these mixing differences are also fed back to the atmospheric side; the maximum difference in the central pressure of the typhoon depending on TKE flux parameterization is 10 hPa. The results of this study suggest the importance of considering waves in the sea surface TKE flux for typhoon simulations.
{"title":"Impacts of wave-induced ocean surface turbulent kinetic energy flux on typhoon characteristics","authors":"M. Takagi, J. Ninomiya, N. Mori, T. Shimura, T. Miyashita","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2017191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2017191","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The parameterization of the sea surface turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) flux due to wave breaking was revisited using the observed data. It is found that the fraction of wave energy taken up into the ocean as sea surface TKE flux depends on the relative angle between wind and wave direction. The fraction tends to be larger under opposite wind conditions than following wind conditions. Based on the observed results, a new parameterization of TKE flux was proposed. The TKE flux parameterization was implemented into the atmosphere-ocean-wave coupled model. The experiments on typhoon hindcast using the model showed that TKE flux affects weak mixing at the ocean surface, strong mixing at the bottom of the mixed layer, and near-inertial internal waves depending on the thickness of the mixed layer depth (MLD). In the coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave model, the effects of these mixing differences are also fed back to the atmospheric side; the maximum difference in the central pressure of the typhoon depending on TKE flux parameterization is 10 hPa. The results of this study suggest the importance of considering waves in the sea surface TKE flux for typhoon simulations.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46736768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2002060
M. Toyoda, J. Yoshino, Tomonao Kobayashi
ABSTRACT In this study, dynamical pseudo-global-warming downscaling (d-PGWD) was performed with a high-resolution typhoon model for 49 typhoons that made landfall in Japan between 2000 and 2017. It was revealed that the averaged typhoon intensity under future climatic conditions tends to increase at both the peak and landfall times as a result of global warming (averaged central pressures of −45.7 and −5.5 hPa at peak and landfall, respectively). Furthermore, detailed analyses of the time of landfall revealed significant differences in the degree of future changes in typhoon intensity based on both the elapsed time from the genesis to landfall (Tl ) and the radius of maximum wind speed (Rml ) at the time of landfall. Considering the relationships of Tl and Rml between present and future climates, statistical formulas for future changes in the central pressure and Rml were derived as an empirical PGWD (e-PGWD) method. The validity of this method was confirmed via comparison with d-PGWD results. It is expected that disaster prevention and mitigation measures for future typhoons and coastal disasters in individual regions and ports can be developed by revising storm surge hazard maps using the proposed e-PGWD approach.
{"title":"Future changes in typhoons and storm surges along the Pacific coast in Japan: proposal of an empirical pseudo-global-warming downscaling","authors":"M. Toyoda, J. Yoshino, Tomonao Kobayashi","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2002060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2002060","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, dynamical pseudo-global-warming downscaling (d-PGWD) was performed with a high-resolution typhoon model for 49 typhoons that made landfall in Japan between 2000 and 2017. It was revealed that the averaged typhoon intensity under future climatic conditions tends to increase at both the peak and landfall times as a result of global warming (averaged central pressures of −45.7 and −5.5 hPa at peak and landfall, respectively). Furthermore, detailed analyses of the time of landfall revealed significant differences in the degree of future changes in typhoon intensity based on both the elapsed time from the genesis to landfall (Tl ) and the radius of maximum wind speed (Rml ) at the time of landfall. Considering the relationships of Tl and Rml between present and future climates, statistical formulas for future changes in the central pressure and Rml were derived as an empirical PGWD (e-PGWD) method. The validity of this method was confirmed via comparison with d-PGWD results. It is expected that disaster prevention and mitigation measures for future typhoons and coastal disasters in individual regions and ports can be developed by revising storm surge hazard maps using the proposed e-PGWD approach.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45796715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2015199
T. Kakinuma, Y. Kusuhara
ABSTRACT Three-dimensional numerical simulations were generated for tsunamis ascending processes with different river topographies. As tsunamis propagated in a narrow river, the radius of curvature around the first wave peak decreased, increasing the tsunami height with wave disintegration until the second tsunami height peak appeared. The diffracted waves also entered the river channel, causing an increase in tsunami height in the vicinity of the riverbank at the estuary. The tsunami height increased in a uniform riverbed gradient and narrower river width toward the upstream, based on the shallowing and energy concentration. As the angle between the riverbank line and coastline at the estuary was acute, the tsunami height was reduced because the diffracted waves were difficult to enter the river. The tsunami height in the rivers increased as the ratio of representative wavelength to river width was increased. The maximum tsunami height in the bore-shaped wave was larger than in the solitary wave with the same incident wave height. In the case of tsunami propagation in the compound cross-section river, multiple crestlines appeared because the tsunamis traveling diagonally in the flood channel showed multiple reflections both on the riverbank and between the flood and main channels.
{"title":"A 3D numerical study on tsunamis ascending a river","authors":"T. Kakinuma, Y. Kusuhara","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2015199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2015199","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Three-dimensional numerical simulations were generated for tsunamis ascending processes with different river topographies. As tsunamis propagated in a narrow river, the radius of curvature around the first wave peak decreased, increasing the tsunami height with wave disintegration until the second tsunami height peak appeared. The diffracted waves also entered the river channel, causing an increase in tsunami height in the vicinity of the riverbank at the estuary. The tsunami height increased in a uniform riverbed gradient and narrower river width toward the upstream, based on the shallowing and energy concentration. As the angle between the riverbank line and coastline at the estuary was acute, the tsunami height was reduced because the diffracted waves were difficult to enter the river. The tsunami height in the rivers increased as the ratio of representative wavelength to river width was increased. The maximum tsunami height in the bore-shaped wave was larger than in the solitary wave with the same incident wave height. In the case of tsunami propagation in the compound cross-section river, multiple crestlines appeared because the tsunamis traveling diagonally in the flood channel showed multiple reflections both on the riverbank and between the flood and main channels.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43000080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-07DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.1991730
Y. Shigihara, K. Imai, H. Iwase, K. Kawasaki, M. Nemoto, T. Baba, N. Chikasada, Y. Chida, T. Arikawa
ABSTRACT Researchers have developed tsunami inundation models based on nonlinear shallow water equations to estimate tsunami propagation and inundation. However, their empirical results are not in perfect agreement with those of other research institutes, even though the same governing equations are used. Therefore, we quantitatively evaluated the variability of tsunami simulations in this study. Several research institutes have conducted tsunami simulations under the same input conditions using tsunami inundation models adopted for tsunami hazard assessment, resulting in a certain degree of variability among them. By examining the spatial and temporal differences in various physical quantities, we identified the characteristic topography where the variability between tsunami simulations increases. A novel method for calculating statistics from the area integrals of physical quantities was proposed to demonstrate the variability in the overall simulation results. In addition, the effects of different setting parameters and computational environments on the simulation results of a single model were evaluated. The findings of this study are expected to not only serve as a basis to verify the reliability of source codes employed by users of the tsunami inundation model, but also contribute useful technical information to advance probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment in the future.
{"title":"Variation analysis of multiple tsunami inundation models","authors":"Y. Shigihara, K. Imai, H. Iwase, K. Kawasaki, M. Nemoto, T. Baba, N. Chikasada, Y. Chida, T. Arikawa","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.1991730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.1991730","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Researchers have developed tsunami inundation models based on nonlinear shallow water equations to estimate tsunami propagation and inundation. However, their empirical results are not in perfect agreement with those of other research institutes, even though the same governing equations are used. Therefore, we quantitatively evaluated the variability of tsunami simulations in this study. Several research institutes have conducted tsunami simulations under the same input conditions using tsunami inundation models adopted for tsunami hazard assessment, resulting in a certain degree of variability among them. By examining the spatial and temporal differences in various physical quantities, we identified the characteristic topography where the variability between tsunami simulations increases. A novel method for calculating statistics from the area integrals of physical quantities was proposed to demonstrate the variability in the overall simulation results. In addition, the effects of different setting parameters and computational environments on the simulation results of a single model were evaluated. The findings of this study are expected to not only serve as a basis to verify the reliability of source codes employed by users of the tsunami inundation model, but also contribute useful technical information to advance probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment in the future.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43630792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-28DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.1997492
Y. Yamanaka, Y. Tajima
ABSTRACT The tide gauge data at Shirahama in Tanabe Bay on the Wakayama coast during Typhoons Jebi and Trami in 2018 showed two dominant oscillation components with periods of approximately 40–45 min and 7 min. We investigated the characteristics of the unique resonances using wavelet analysis and numerical simulations. Through the numerical simulation of storm surges by Jebi and Trami and the modeling of Trami with different tracks, we found that oscillations having a period of 40–45 min were primarily induced by the resonance in large areas, including Tanabe Bay and Kii Strait, which is north of the bay. The amplification of this large-scale resonance was sensitive to the forward speed and angle of the typhoon tracks. In addition, Green’s functions were developed to investigate local resonant characteristics in Tanabe Bay. The spatial distributions of the amplitude and phase difference of Green’s functions at different locations showed that the observed 7-min oscillations were amplified by the resonance of two adjacent small inlets at the Shirahama tide gauge station. The resonance between these two local inlets produced a long-lasting ~7-min oscillation observed at the tide gauge.
{"title":"Numerical investigation on characteristics of long wave components amplified under the 2018 Typhoons Jebi and Trami observed along the coast of Wakayama, Japan","authors":"Y. Yamanaka, Y. Tajima","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.1997492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.1997492","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The tide gauge data at Shirahama in Tanabe Bay on the Wakayama coast during Typhoons Jebi and Trami in 2018 showed two dominant oscillation components with periods of approximately 40–45 min and 7 min. We investigated the characteristics of the unique resonances using wavelet analysis and numerical simulations. Through the numerical simulation of storm surges by Jebi and Trami and the modeling of Trami with different tracks, we found that oscillations having a period of 40–45 min were primarily induced by the resonance in large areas, including Tanabe Bay and Kii Strait, which is north of the bay. The amplification of this large-scale resonance was sensitive to the forward speed and angle of the typhoon tracks. In addition, Green’s functions were developed to investigate local resonant characteristics in Tanabe Bay. The spatial distributions of the amplitude and phase difference of Green’s functions at different locations showed that the observed 7-min oscillations were amplified by the resonance of two adjacent small inlets at the Shirahama tide gauge station. The resonance between these two local inlets produced a long-lasting ~7-min oscillation observed at the tide gauge.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48565671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-28DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2010634
Hai-jiang Liu, Zeyu Tan
ABSTRACT Existing sheet flow experimental data show the measured time-averaged suspended sediment concentration (TSSC) may increase, decrease, or even remain constant if the wave period decreases. With respect to the available sheet flow experimental data, it is confirmed that the TSSC of relatively fine sand undergoes three stages, i.e. first decreases, then increases, and finally decreases again in the case that the wave period decreases from 12 s to 2 s, whereas for the relatively coarse sand, its vertical profile remains almost unchanged. The criterion for identifying the relatively fine or coarse sand was proposed in terms of the nondimensional ratio between the settling velocity and the root-mean-square flow velocity. If this ratio is less than 0.04–0.043, it is deemed as relatively fine sand. Otherwise, it is classified as relatively coarse sand. Applying the classical gradient diffusion model, sediment diffusivity is confirmed to be insensitive to the wave period. Keeping other experimental conditions uniform, TSSCs with different wave periods are proportional to each other and only affected by the reference concentration. Subsequently, a simple quantitative expression considering the wave period effect on the TSSC under the oscillatory sheet flow regime was proposed and verified with the experimental data.
{"title":"Study of the wave period effect on the time-averaged suspended sediment concentration distribution under the oscillatory sheet flow condition","authors":"Hai-jiang Liu, Zeyu Tan","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2010634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2010634","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Existing sheet flow experimental data show the measured time-averaged suspended sediment concentration (TSSC) may increase, decrease, or even remain constant if the wave period decreases. With respect to the available sheet flow experimental data, it is confirmed that the TSSC of relatively fine sand undergoes three stages, i.e. first decreases, then increases, and finally decreases again in the case that the wave period decreases from 12 s to 2 s, whereas for the relatively coarse sand, its vertical profile remains almost unchanged. The criterion for identifying the relatively fine or coarse sand was proposed in terms of the nondimensional ratio between the settling velocity and the root-mean-square flow velocity. If this ratio is less than 0.04–0.043, it is deemed as relatively fine sand. Otherwise, it is classified as relatively coarse sand. Applying the classical gradient diffusion model, sediment diffusivity is confirmed to be insensitive to the wave period. Keeping other experimental conditions uniform, TSSCs with different wave periods are proportional to each other and only affected by the reference concentration. Subsequently, a simple quantitative expression considering the wave period effect on the TSSC under the oscillatory sheet flow regime was proposed and verified with the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43579206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2005365
D. Myrhaug, Hong Wang, L. E. Holmedal
ABSTRACT The purpose of these comments and discussion has been to demonstrate how wave statistics can be incorporated into future applications of the proposed empirical equations to estimate the maximum relative uplift pressure under positive and negative freeboards on berm revetment with Seabee slope. This is demonstrated by using a joint distribution of significant wave height and surf parameter as well as by giving examples of the results.
{"title":"Discussion/comments of «Wave-induced uplift pressure on berm revetment with Seabee slope” by Zijun Zhou, Yongping Chen, Yi Pan, Yusheng Zhen & Min Gan","authors":"D. Myrhaug, Hong Wang, L. E. Holmedal","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2005365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2005365","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of these comments and discussion has been to demonstrate how wave statistics can be incorporated into future applications of the proposed empirical equations to estimate the maximum relative uplift pressure under positive and negative freeboards on berm revetment with Seabee slope. This is demonstrated by using a joint distribution of significant wave height and surf parameter as well as by giving examples of the results.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41744041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2021.2005364
Y. Yamanaka, T. Shimozono
ABSTRACT Tsunami source impacts in coastal areas should be investigated thoroughly; however, investigating the associated source uncertainties can incur large computational costs. This study presents a technique for rapid assessment of the impacts and their uncertainties based on a combination of the linear wave superposition for Green’s functions and a static sweep algorithm for onshore terrain. A waveform from a tsunami source is quickly estimated at a shore based on the aforementioned superposition of single-point sources simulated by a linearized Boussinesq model. The maximum water surface elevation change in the waveform, the maximum tsunami elevation, is then determined. In addition, a digital elevation model for onshore terrain that can be inundated by a tsunami is scanned using the sweep algorithm to statically compare the tsunami and ground elevations. As a result, areas with lower ground elevation than the tsunami are quickly identified as potential tsunami hazard zones. This combined analysis is applied to assess potential tsunami sources in the Japan Sea, and the source impacts are comprehensively investigated for Sakata and Akita cities in Japan. Our analysis successfully and quantitatively indicates source impacts while considering their great uncertainty. Additionally, critical areas for expanding tsunami inundation are quickly and efficiently identified.
{"title":"Rapid assessment of tsunami source impacts on low-lying coastal areas using offshore wave superposition and static sweep of onshore terrain","authors":"Y. Yamanaka, T. Shimozono","doi":"10.1080/21664250.2021.2005364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.2005364","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tsunami source impacts in coastal areas should be investigated thoroughly; however, investigating the associated source uncertainties can incur large computational costs. This study presents a technique for rapid assessment of the impacts and their uncertainties based on a combination of the linear wave superposition for Green’s functions and a static sweep algorithm for onshore terrain. A waveform from a tsunami source is quickly estimated at a shore based on the aforementioned superposition of single-point sources simulated by a linearized Boussinesq model. The maximum water surface elevation change in the waveform, the maximum tsunami elevation, is then determined. In addition, a digital elevation model for onshore terrain that can be inundated by a tsunami is scanned using the sweep algorithm to statically compare the tsunami and ground elevations. As a result, areas with lower ground elevation than the tsunami are quickly identified as potential tsunami hazard zones. This combined analysis is applied to assess potential tsunami sources in the Japan Sea, and the source impacts are comprehensively investigated for Sakata and Akita cities in Japan. Our analysis successfully and quantitatively indicates source impacts while considering their great uncertainty. Additionally, critical areas for expanding tsunami inundation are quickly and efficiently identified.","PeriodicalId":50673,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47784247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：